Umama we-Mealy (noma umlotha) uyisifo se-fungal esithinta izitshalo eziningi zezitshalo, kanti utamatisi awunjalo. Kulesi sihloko sizofunda ukuthi i-powdery isikhutha ibheka kanjani utamatisi nokuthi ungayibhekana kanjani nayo.
Yini eyingozi futhi ivelaphi
Amademoni aseMealy ayingozi ngoba kuthatha izakhi ezivela esitshalweni, aphazamise izinqubo ze-photosynthesis, ukuphefumula, okwenza isihlahla sama-tomato singazinzile ngisho nakwezinye izikhathi ezibandayo. Isikhumba se-powdery kuqala kuthinta amahlamvu emasiko - ziyabuna futhi ziwa, amaqabunga amasha avela efihlekile angase avele endaweni yawo, kodwa ngeke aphelele futhi ngeke asize isitshalo nganoma iyiphi indlela. 
Azikho izibonakaliso zezifo ngaphandle kwesitshalo nezithelo, kodwa isihlahla ngeke sisinde isikhathi eside. I-Powdery isikhutha amagciwane ku-utamatisi yizinhlamvu zezinhlobo ezimbili zefungi: Leveilluia taurica no-Oidiopsis sicula.
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuvela nokuthuthukiswa kwalezi fungi:
- umswakama ophezulu ekushiseni kwe-15 ° C kuya ku-30 ° C;
- okuqukethwe okwenziwe i-nitrogen enhlabathini;
- ukufika okukhulu;
- ukungahambisani nombuso wokunisela.
Futhi, imbangela yokutheleleka kungaba ukudluliswa kwezinhlamvu ezivela esitsheni esibulalayo kuya enempilo.
Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
- ngomoya;
- ngokusebenzisa ama-splashes amanzi ashaywa esihlahleni esinegciwane;
- ungadlulisela i-fungus ezandleni zakho (ngokuthinta utamatisi ogulayo, bese uya enempilo);
- ngokusebenzisa izinambuzane eziphilayo.
Uyazi? I-Powdery isikhutha i-spores "ingahamba" emoyeni ngamashumi amashumi amakhilomitha.
Izimpawu zokubukeka kumatamatisi
Iphunga le-Mealy libonakalisa ngaphandle kwamaqabunga e-utamatisi omhlophe (mhlawumbe ngethunzi eliluhlaza noma eliphuzi) noma izindawo eziphuzi ze-powdery, ezihamba kancane kancane kulo lonke leli qabunga. Amanye amasongo angase avele ukuthi afana nesifo se-brown spot. Ngezimo eziholela ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo, "ufulawa" livela zombili izinhlangothi zamaqabunga.
Iphunga likaMealy liphinde lithinte i-gooseberries, amagilebhisi, ukhukhamba, ama-roses.
Ukuvimbela izifo
Ukuze ugweme i-powdery isikhutha ku-utamatisi, kufanele unamathele kwezinye imithetho yokuvimbela:
- Kunconywa ukuthi uchithe izihlahla kanye nesisombululo sama-manganese njalo ngenyanga;
- ungasebenzisi umanyolo we-nitrogen;
- Kubalulekile ukuthi uphefute ngezidakamizwa ezikhethekile ze-prophylactic, isibonelo, "Gumat", "Epin", "Rajok";
- Uma ukhula utamatisi esitheni sokushisa, ukuqhuma okuvame ukuqhutshwa kufanele kugwenywe ukugwema umswakama ukuqhuma; futhi batusa ukushintsha umhlabathi njalo ngonyaka;
- ukuvimbela ukuvela kwama-aphid nezinye izidumbu, ngoba ziphethe izinhlamvu ze-fungus ye-pathogen;
- ngokuvamile ukhulule umhlabathi ukuze umile futhi ugcwala umoya-mpilo.
- okunye okutshala izitshalo ensimini.
Kubalulekile! Ukutshala utamatisi endaweni efanayo lapho uwakhula khona kule nkathi kungenzeka kuphela emva kweminyaka engu-3-5.
Indlela yokulwa uma kunqotshwa
Kunezindlela eziningi zokususa isikhumba se-powdery ku-utamatisi. Ungakwazi ukusingatha noma yimaphi amakhemikhali, izinto eziphilayo noma usebenzise ikhambi labantu, kodwa izenzo ezithile kudingeka zenziwe noma ngabe yikuphi.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuqeda ngokuphelele amaqabunga aphethwe yi-flower and stalks, bese uwashisa emlilweni. Futhi-ke ke sebenzisa izihlahla kanye nenhlabathi nge-potassium permanganate noma ezinye izinto ezikhethekile ezivela kwiphunga le-powdery.
Kubalulekile! Kunconywa ukuba ubeke endaweni engaphansi komhlabathi ngokucophelela, ngoba iqukethe inani elikhulu le-mycelium ye-pathogen.
Amalungiselelo eziphilayo
Ezitolo nasezimakethe ungathola inani elingenakubalwa lamalungiselelo e-biological for powdery isikhutha, kodwa, ngokusekelwe ezinhlokweni eziningi ezinhle ezihlalweni ezihlukahlukene zezolimo, ungahlukanisa ngokwehlukana khetha imithi enjalo: "Appin", "Immunocytofit", "Fuzaksin", "Monofilin", "Baktofit", "Gumat".
Lezi zidakamizwa zandisa ukumelana nezifo ze-fungal nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane hhayi kuphela utamatisi, kodwa nakwezinye izitshalo. Zifanele kokubili njenge-prophylactic kanye nokwelapha isikhumba se-powdery ekuqaleni. 
Amakhemikhali
Ukusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo amakhemikhali (fungicides) kunconywa kuphela uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu ehlathini yi-fungus.
I-fungicides ephumelela kunazo zonke ihlanganisa: "I-Topaz", "Skor", "Amistar", "Kvadris", "Tiovit Jet", "Cumulus". Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa ezinjalo kufanele kwenziwe ngokulandela iziqondiso zomqashi kanye nezinyathelo zokuqapha.
Kubalulekile! Zonke izifungicide azikwazi ukugcinwa kwifomu ehlanjululwe, ngakho-ke ikhambi kufanele lisetshenziswe ngokushesha ngemva kokulungiselela.
Amakhambi omphakathi
Amakhambi omphakathi we-powdery isikhutha ku-utamatisi afanelekile ukwelashwa kwesigaba sokuqala sesifo futhi njengenhlangano ye-prophylactic. Manje sizokwazi izindlela zokupheka eziphumelela kakhulu. 
- Isixazululo se-soda nesepha. Isixazululo esinjalo silungiswa ngale ndlela: ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi ashisayo, 50 g we-soda evamile yokubhaka kanye nesamba esincane sokusipha isambatho. Zonke izithako kufanele zixutshwe ngokuphelele. Lungisa ikhambi elifakwe izitshalo izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto, uzama ukuthola isixazululo ezinhlangothini zombili zamaqabunga.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Serum. Kule thuluzi, sidinga whey evamile, ehlanganiswe namanzi ngokulingana: 1 litre serum kuya 10 litre amanzi. Ngemuva kokupuniza utamatisi ngezindlela ezinjalo, ifilimu encane izovela emaqabunga, angeke avumele i-mycelium ukuphefumula, okuzoholela ekufeni kwalesi sifo. Phinda inqubo yokupunikeza kufanele ibe izikhathi ezingu-3-4 nge-interval of days 3.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Bordeaux uketshezi kanye ne-prophylaxis. Isixazululo silungiselelwe ngokulula: 100 g we-liquid kufanele ihlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi afudumele. Ukucubungula inhlanganisela enjalo kwenziwa amasonto amabili noma amathathu ngaphambi kokutshala utamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile, noma uma lesi sifo sibonisa izimpawu zayo.
- Ukumnika kwamapulangwe ash. I-infusion yalungiswa ngesilinganiso se-1 kg yomlotha ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi (amanzi kufanele ashise kakhulu, kodwa angabi abilayo). Umlotha uthululwa emanzini futhi ushiywe ukunikeza isonto. Khona-ke ukumnika kumele kuthululwe kwelinye ibhakede noma ispirisi, elidala kufanele lisetshenziswe ngendlela exazulula umlotha uzohlala ebhakedeni lokuqala. Umlotha osele ungaxubaniswa ngamanzi bese usetshenziselwa ukuchelela.
Uyazi? I-Mycelium fungi ingaphila enhlabathini iminyaka engaba ngu-20.
Amazolo ka-Mealy yisifo esithathelwanayo kakhulu esinzima ukusiphatha, futhi uma ubona izimpawu ezimbalwa, kufanele uqale ukulwa nalo. Kodwa nokho indlela engcono kakhulu yokulwa ne-powdery isikhutha yukuvimbela.
