Imfihlo yokuthandwa koogwaja baseCalifornia kuwukubonakala kwabo kwangaphandle, ukuhlakanipha, kanye nokunakekelwa okulula kwalezi zilwane ezinobungane. Lezi zilwane ezifuywayo zithatha indawo ehamba phambili emhlabeni jikelele. Abanye babo badalwa ukuze bathole inyama ephakeme yokudla, abanye banesithakazelo soboya obuhle, kanti abanye bajabulele ukuzijabulisa nezilwane ezincelisayo. Sizokhuluma ngezici ezivelele zogwaja baseCalifornia, kanye nokuzikhethela kokuzalana kwabo, ukukhulisa nokondla isitoko esincane kulesi sihloko.
Incazelo yokuzalwa
AmaCalifornia asekude asetshenziselwa izimo ezikhulayo, angaphila ezindaweni zombili eziseningizimu nasenyakatho kuwo wonke amazwekazi emhlabeni wonke. 
Ngaphezu kwalokho, zikhula ngokushesha, zikhiqiza inyama ephakeme neboya ekuphumeni, okwenza kube lula ukukhulisa izilwane izinhloso-inyama. Cabanga ngezici eziyinhloko nezinzuzo zamanogwaja aseCalifornia ngencazelo eningiliziwe yohlobo.
Uyazi? E-Australia, onogwaja zasendle kubhekwa njengezinambuzane eziyingozi, ngoba umonakalo wonyaka owenza imboni yezolimo ulinganiselwa ku-R600 million. Iziphathimandla zendawo zibalingile izingozi ezivela emiphakathini yokuphila, ehlala isikhathi eside isongela ukulimazeka kwezinsimu, ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi, ukunyamalala kwezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezingavamile. Ngakho-ke, kunqatshelwe ukuzaliswa kwalezi zilwane: izihlukumezi zizokhokhwa ama-dollar ayizinkulungwane ezingu-30.
Umlando we-Inference
Umsuka wesizwe saseCalifornia uhlotshaniswa negama likaGeorgie West - umlimi odume waseMelika ovela ezweni laseCalifornia owaziwayo ekuzaliseni onogwaja. Ekuqaleni, umlenze wobandlululo emisha emphakathini wayebhekwa njenge-hybrid, futhi ngo-1928 kuphela kwaziwa njengomuntu ohlukile.
Ngaphakathi isisekelo sawo sabekwa izakhi zofuzo zaseNew Zealand, i-Russian herermine, ama-grandparents aseSoviet, okwakudume ngaleso sikhathi eYurophu. Ngenxa yeminyaka eminingi yokuhlukana, uhlobo oluyingqayizivele lufake ukuthi luhlanganisa izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zomama.
UMdali waseCalifornia ekuqaleni kokuzalanisa wabeka umgomo wokwakha onogwaja abasavuthiwe oboya obuphezulu. Ngakho-ke, impumelelo ephumelele idlula konke okulindelwe. 
Eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila kwayo, ukuzalwa, naphezu kwazo zonke izinzuzo, kwakungavamile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abalimi abaningi ngaphesheya kweCalifornia bahlonipha ukukhiqizwa kanye nekhwalithi yalezi zilwane ezinhle, kanye nokulula nokugcinwa kwazo.
Uyazi? Uma abantu banikela onogwaja inkululeko enkulu ekukhiqizeni, ngakho-ke eminyakeni engama-90 inani lalezi zilwane lilingana nenani lamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye emhlabeni.
Izici zangaphandle
Ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa unogwaja waseKalifornia kusuka kwezinye izinhlobo izici zangaphandle. Banobunjwa obukhulu bomzimba, okwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo, imilenze eminyene, eminyene futhi emifushane, ikhanda elikhanyayo elincane elinamehlo abomvu, intamo encane, izindlebe eziphakathi, ubude obukhulu. Umbala wezilwane uphinde ucacile: izindlebe, impumulo, amapayipi nomsila zinombala omnyama, futhi zonke ezinye izingxenye zimhlophe. Okungavamile kakhulu ngabanye bhokolethi kanye namathoni ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Abantu baseCalifornia bavame ukubizwa ngokungafanele ngokuthi "izimvemvane." Eqinisweni, umehluko weqiniso phakathi kwalezi zinsuku kubonakala kuchwepheshe kuphela. Lapho ukhetha onogwaja, bacela abathengi ukuba banake ubuso bomunogwaja. Abameleli bama-"butterflies" amehlo abumnyama, kanti indawo ekhaleni ifana namaphiko avulekile enundu.
Uma ubheka abasha, akulona kunzima ukudideka, ngoba inzalo esanda kuzalwa ihlale ibe nombala omsulwa omhlophe noma we-lilac. Ukutshala izilwane kubonakala kungcono kokukhula kwabo lapho umsebenzi we-enzyme enombala, i-tyrosinan, iqala.
Uyazi? Amehlo enogwaja kanye nezinhlamvu zezinyosi ahlelwe ngendlela yokuthi, ngaphandle kokuguqula amakhanda, angabona ukuthi kwenzekani ngemuva kwabo.
Ukukhiqiza
Izinhlanga ezivuthiwe zaseCalifornia zifinyelela 4.5-5.2 kg isisindo esibukhoma. Futhi lezi zilwane zikhula kakhulu. Kusuka ku-rabbit engu-45 gramu isilwane esingama-kilogram amabili sikhula kuze kube izinyanga ezimbili. Ukuze uqondise inyama, izilwane zigcinwa kuze kube nezinyanga eziyisikhombisa, lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwabo okujulile kuphela, futhi isisindo sifinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu. 
Ngokuvamile, ukubulawa kwesilwane esiluhlaza salo hlobo lwezinhlavu kubangela ama-80% enyama namafutha angu-2.5%. Uma ukuxuba inzalo kungaba kusuka onogwaja 7 kuya ku-15. Izinambuzane zinemfanelo emihle kakhulu yomama kanye nobisi obuhle, okuqinisekisa ukukhula okusheshayo kwabancane. Ngonyaka kusukela esibelethweni esisodwa ungakhuphukela ezinganeni ezingama-35. Ukuze unikeze umndeni wabantu abangu-4-5 abanekhwalithi ephezulu, abesifazane abangu-4 namadoda ayishumi anele.
Abalimi bakhuluma ngokubambisana ngokuphumelela kokuzalanisa lolu hlobo, ngoba izindleko zokugcina izilwane zingaphansi, futhi ukukhiqiza kudlula konke okulindelwe.
Kubalulekile! Uma sihlola ukukhiqizwa kwezinogwaja zohlobo lwaseCalifornia ngenhla yokudlula phansi, khona-ke inani layo lingu-60-64%, ochwepheshe ababhekwa njengelona eliphezulu ekuqondiseni inyama.
Indlela yokukhetha unogwaja uma uthenga
Ochwepheshe bayeluleka lapho bethenga onogwaja ukuyeka ukukhetha kubantu ngabanye kusuka ezincane ezincane. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokugcwele isilwane. Kumele kube iselula futhi ifakwe kahle, ngezinwele ezinzima, ezikhanyayo nezibushelelezi, amehlo ahlanzekile. 
Gwema onogwaja ngobuningi obukhuni obunzima nokuvuvukala kwesisu. Uma uhlela ukuthenga abesifazane abaningana, udinga ukuzikhethela ezihlahleni ezahlukene. Lokhu kwenziwa ukugwema ukungathandana naye.
Kubalulekile futhi uma uthengisa ezindlebeni. Kumele bahlanzeke, ngaphandle kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala ezibonakalayo nanoma yikuphi ukukhishwa. Unogwaja onempilo ihlale iveza ukulangazela, isebenza emgodini, ayesabi umsindo womuntu wesithathu futhi unobungane kakhulu. Awunayo ukukhipha ukuthunga nokuphuza.
Kubalulekile! Ukungabaza kubangelwa onogwaja, abahlala benganqamuki emgodini, benqaba ukudla, besaba ukuphuma futhi bangabonakali nentshisekelo kukho konke okuzungezile.
Izinwele ezungeze i-cloaca zihlanzekile futhi azihlanganisi. Uma kungenjalo ubhekene nesilwane esinenkinga ngesigubhu sezinsi. Kunconywa ukuthi umthengi abuze mayelana nokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo, ubudala, isisindo nabazali.
Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa
Izilwanyana zase-California zivumelane kalula nezimo ezintsha, kodwa ukuthola konke esikukhulume ngakho ngenhla ekuchazweni kohlobo, umnikazi uzodinga ukunakekelwa kuqala cage ehlelekile ehlelekile. Ukuphakama kwalo kufanele kuvumele izilwane ukuba zikhuphuke emilenzeni yazo yangemuva ngaphandle kwezithiyo.
Ngaphakathi, qiniseka ukuthi uhlomisa abahlinzeki abasebenzayo nabaphuzayo, kanye nendawo yokuhlala encane lapho isilwane sizolala khona.
Abathandi bezinyoni eziphuthumayo bazoba nesithakazelo ekufundeni mayelana neminye imikhiqizo ethandwayo yabanogwaja: giant white, giant grey, rizen, black-brown, flandr.
Beka i-cage ngokukhethayo emthunzini owenziwe kahle wendawo lapho kungekho khona i-drafts nelanga. I-pallet ngaphakathi kwendawo yokugcoba kufanele ihlanganiswe ne-sawdust noma i-litter ekhethekile. Into eyinhloko ukuthi lokho okushiwo yi-umswakama-kungabonakaliswa futhi kugcina iphunga.
Ukunakekela i-eared akubandakanyi ukudla nokuhlanza iseli kuphela - kudlala indima ebalulekile ukuhlanzeka iso, izinwele, isikhumba, izindlebe, ukuchofoza kwe-nail. Ukuhlola njalo ngesonto ngalinye isilwane sakho kuzovumela ukuthi kutholakale inkinga ngezigaba zokuqala bese kuwuqeda ngesikhathi. 
Esikhumbeni sesilwane akufanele kube khona umonakalo, izindawo ezibomvu, isikhumba, izibungu namanxeba. Ukuba khona kwabo kubonisa ukusebenza okungalungile kwesibindi, ukungalingani kwe-hormonal, ukucindezeleka okuhlangenwe nakho. Ingubo enogwaja enempilo ikhanya futhi ithambile. Uma uthola amashidi, kudingeka adunywe. Uma kunokwenzeka, shayela onogwaja nge-bribhe yemvelo.
Kubalulekile! Omunye unogwaja wesizwe saseCalifornia kufanele abe namamitha ayizi-square amathathu emgodini.
Amazilwane ezilwane azodinga ukuhlola nsuku zonke. Uma ilanga elilodwa liphuza, lingase libe ngenxa yokushaya noma udoti oluthile. Bheka futhi ubukele. Kokubili amehlo agwetshiwe yizibonakaliso ze-conjunctivitis, ngakho kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho wezilwane ngokushesha. Ukukhishwa komile kususwe emaceleni kwamehlo ngendwangu ehlanzekile, encane encane emanzini afudumele.
Izindlebe zesilwane kumele zigcinwe zihlanzekile. Ezimweni zokungcola, kungase kudingekile ukuhlanza i-turundum eyanamanzi ngesixazululo esincane esicacile se-boric acid.
Uyazi? Unogwaja ekhaya angaphila iminyaka engama-12, kanti nasendle, impilo yabo iphela iminyaka engu-1-2 kuphela.
Yini ongayidla
Izilwane ezempilo nezikhiqizayo ekhaya zingenzeka kuphela ngokudla okulinganiselayo okugcwele. Ake sibone ukuthi ngabe onogwaja baseCalifornia bathanda ukondla, nokuthi ngabe ukudla kuncike esikhathini. 
Njengoba kunikezwe ijubane elikhulu lokuthuthukiswa kwesitoko esincane, imfuyo kufanele ihlinzekwe ukudla okunamaprotheni okucebile. Ekudleni kwansuku zonke, inhlanzi noma ufulawa wenyama, imikhiqizo yobisi, kanye nama-protein supplement ayimpoqo. Akufanele ukhiphe ukudla okuvamile kogwaja: utshani noma utshani obusha, izimpande zezitshalo, amahlumela, ukudla. Ungakhohlwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona njalo amanzi ahlanzekile kulabo abaphuza. Ebusika, kuyadingeka ukuwufudumala, futhi ehlobo ukuphindwe kabili inani.
Kubalulekile! Zingaki izikhathi zokudla onogwaja baseCalifornia kuxhomeke eminyakeni yabo. Isibonelo, onogwaja bezingane, abahlukaniswe nobisi lomama ngenyanga edlule, badinga ukuphakelayo okungu-5, futhi 2-3 kunele abantu abadala asebekhulile ngosuku.
Abanikazi abahle banakekele kuphela ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo zidla kahle, kepha futhi ngokulinganisela nokudla okunomsoco we-feed. Kubalulekile ukuthi onogwaja bathole amavithamini kanye nama-microelements okudingekayo ekuthuthukiseni ukudla. Futhi njengoba bengenandaba nemikhiqizo, ukulungiswa kwemenyu yansuku zonke akuthathi isikhathi esiningi. Kubalulekile ukunye okunye okune-sainfoin, ama-burdocks, ama-dandelions, i-tansy, i-clover, i-plantain.
Ebusika, utshani obuluhlaza buyothatha isikhundla se-silage. Futhi, izilwane ziyakuthanda izaqathe, amathanga, iklabishi kanye ne-zucchini. Ungabi kusuka ebhanana, parsley, kohlrabi. Kodwa lezi yizinto ezidliwayo ezidinga ukulinganiselwe, ngaphandle kwalokho ubeka engozini yokukhubaza isifo sohudo kanye nezifo ezigulayo. 
Kusukela ekuguleni, i-maple encane, i-linden, umlotha namagatsha ase-aspen ayamukeleka. Ekudleni kufanele kube yizilimo, izitshalo, ama-oats, ibhali kanye ne-bran.
Kubalulekile! Ukufaneleka kokudla okukhethiwe kungagwetshwa ngokubonakala nokuziphatha kwesilwane, kanye nephunga lezinhlanzi zalo. Izinambuzane azithandi ushokoledi, imikhiqizo yokubhema nezinye izidlo ezijwayele abantu. Le mikhiqizo, kanye nokushintshwa okubukhali kokudla, kunomthelela omubi esimweni esijwayelekile sezilwane.
Ukugonywa onogwaja
Zonke izinhlobo zogwaja zizwela kakhulu ezifweni. Ngokusho kwezilwane zezilwane, cishe amaphesenti angu-10 emfuyo awela kwinani lokubulawa okuphoqelelwe ngenxa yokugula, elinye i-20% lezinkomo liyanqatshwa ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo.
Ochwepheshe babiza izifo ezivame kakhulu neziyingozi kulezi zilwane ezifuywayo zezilwane, i-myxomatosis kanye nesifo segazi esiyingozi.
Ukufa okuvela esibhedlela sokuqala kuphezulu kakhulu, kuhlanganisa abantu abangu-90%. Isifo esijwayelekile kakhulu i-myxomatosis iqala entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Abathwali bezilwanyana ezinambuzane bayinambuzane ephuza igazi, ikakhulukazi izinyosi. Ngakho-ke, ukulondoloza izilwane ezifuywayo kungenzeka kuphela ngokugoma okufika ngesikhathi.
Kubantu abagulayo kukhona ukuphuma okuphuma emanzini emehlweni, ukuchoboza, ukubomvu kubonakala nxazonke, ukuphefumula kuba nzima, kuqala ukugeleza kusuka ekhaleni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-wheezing ibonakala, isilwane senqaba ukudla, sinciphisa izindlebe, sihamba kancane. Ukulondoloza abagulayo akunakwenzeka.
Thola ukuthi yini okudingeka uyenze uma unogwaja wakho une-coccidiosis nendlela yokuphatha ngayo uSolicox noBaycox.
Isifo esibi segciwane lesogwaja (I-VGBK) isakazwa ngamaconsi amakhulu futhi iqala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu, emva kwalokho ezimweni eziningi kukhona umphumela obulalayo. Ukushona kwalesi sifo kuyahlukahluka ngaphakathi kwezingu-90% zomhlambi.
Ingozi enkulu yalesi sifo ikhona ezimpawu ezifihliwe. Kuzo zonke izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi eziyinkimbinkimbi, kunzima ukuphefumula, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma emlonyeni kanye nezikhala. Izilwane ezifile ezivela kulezi zifo kumele zitshiswe futhi iseli nayo yonke imishini yayo kufanele ixiliswe ngokuphelele. Kuzo zombili izimo, kungenzeka ukuphikisa ama-pathogenic microbes kuphela ngokugoma. Ezamakhemikhali wezilwane zinezixhobo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ngokwahlukana nesifo ngasinye.
Ochwepheshe bacebisa ukuqhuba imishanguzo enzima. Ngesikhathi sokuqala inqubo yenziwa lapho onogwaja benenyanga eyodwa nesigamu ubudala - ngaphambi kokugcoba ubisi lomama. Owesibili - ngokusebenzisa i-trimester (lapho izilwane ezinyangeni ezingu-4.5). Esikhathini esizayo, imishanguzo ye-prophylactic kumele iphindwe njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Kubalulekile! Ukugonywa kwenziwa ngokuqondile kubantu abaphilile. Futhi nge-syringe eyodwa ungabambelela bonke abasha kusukela emgodini owodwa, kodwa izilwane ezindala kudingeka zigonywe ngabanye.
Ukukhulisa
Izinyanga ezinhlanu zaseCalifornia zingase ziqhubeke ziqhubeka nezinzalo zazo, zingena ekutholeni kokuqala. Abantu ababeletha bangaphila iminyaka engaba ngu-10. Kubalulekile ukuthi banempilo futhi banempilo. Uma ukhetha owesilisa nowesilisa, qiniseka ukuthi unakekele umzimba wabo, isisindo nesenzo somzimba. Akufanelekile ukuqhubeka komhlambi omncane kakhulu noma ama-specimens amakhulu kakhulu. Ukulinganisa akuhlali namasekhondi angaba ngu-30. 
Ukubonakala kwesitokisi esincane kuyisikhathi esibaluleke kunazo zonke kumbeleki wezinambuzane. Kudingeka ukondle onogwaja kusuka kumama uma kunciphisa ubisi bakhe. Ezingamaphesenti angu-70, i-lactation inkathi yaseCalifornia iyancipha ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-45 kusukela ku-lambing.
Ukudla okusha kwezilwane ezincane kuqaliswa kancane kancane, kwenezela ekudleni okujwayelekile. Ekuqaleni, izilwane ezincane zihlwanyelwe emagcekeni aba 6-7 ngabanye, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bahlukanisa abesilisa nabesifazane. Futhi emgodini owodwa angeke ube ngaphezu kwezilwane ezifuywayo ezingaphezu kuka-2.
Uyazi? Unogwaja wamakhilogremu amabili ungaphuza amanzi amaningi njengenja eyi-kilogram.
Ifolishi eluhlaza abasha ngokushesha ayinakunikwa. Ilawulwa kancane kancane kuphela emavikini amathathu ubudala. Ngaphambi kokudla ngamunye, onogwaja kufanele aphuze. Ehlobo, amakhambi afaneleka kubo, futhi ebusika - utshani lwezitshalo, izaqathe nama-oats.
Manje wazi konke mayelana nohlobo lwabanogwaja baseCalifornia: ukuthi ungabondla kanjani, ukhulise futhi ulondoloze ezifweni eziyingozi. Sithemba ukuthi isihloko sethu sizokusiza ekuhleleni ukukhiqiza kogwaja okuphumelelayo.
