"Ihlathi lamahlathi" lingomunye wabameleli abathandekayo kakhulu.
Sekuyisikhathi eside beyithandwa ngabalimi abaningi futhi bavame ukutshala efulethini njengembali yasendlini.
Ivumelanisa ngokuvumelana nanoma yikuphi ukungaphakathi kwendlu yokuhlala yanamuhla.
Ukuheha ukunakwa kwezimbali nokunakekelwa okulula.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene, i-Ripsalidopsis cactus (i-Easter cactus, rhipsalidopsis) ifuna ngokukhethekile.
Umsuka nezici
Izwe lakubo yiyona eNingizimu Melika, lapho ikhula khona emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo, ihlala ezihlahleni, emigodini, emithini yamagquma, lapho kuqhuma khona amaqabunga amahlamvu.
Ihluke elula egwadule i-cacti hhayi kuphela ekubukeni, kodwa nasezici zokunakekelwa okufanele. Ezingxenyeni ngokuvamile kuvame ukukhulwa izimbiza noma amabhasikidi. Kuqala njengoba zikhula isikhathi eside futhi ziqala ukugoba phansi.
Kuyathakazelisa Ngokwemvelo, imbali ikhula ezimweni zomswakama ophezulu, ezindaweni ezimnyama.
Izimpande zomoya ziyashintshwa ukuze zithole umswakama emoyeni, futhi iziqu ezinamandla zivumela ukuqoqwa okuhle nokugcina umswakama ngemuva kwenkathi yemvula.
Ukubukwa kwe "Easter Cactus" ngezithombe
I-Gartner
Kuyinto isitshalo elihlaza, epiphytic, 15-20 cm ukuphakama, ne flat flat ukuhluma. Ku-branching amahlumela kukhona izingxenye ezincane ezinjengeqabunga, ezinemiphetho ye-wavy kanye nezimpondo ezimfushane (6 cm ubude, 0.5 ububanzi). Izitshalo zingashintsha umbala kuye ngokuthi ukukhanyisa.
Ngaphansi kokukhanyisa okulinganiselwe, banemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi baba nombala obomvu okhanyayo ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Eziqongweni zamahlumela zitholakala ku-setae ephuzi eqoqwe ngamaqoqo. Izingxenye ezihlanganiswe ne-pubescence elula. Lezi zitshalo zivame ukutshala ezinqoleni kanye nezimbiza ezilenga. Ngokwemvelo, ikhula emahlathini aseBrazil ashisayo.
Isithombe sibonisa imbali ethi "Ripsalidopsis Garner" ngokunakekelwa kahle ekhaya:
"Pink"
I-shrub ye-Epiphytic eneziqu ezinde, izingxenye ezinezingqimba ezinama-4-5 cm ubude. Izimbali zinezinkanyezi, zinemibala emhlophe, zinombala ophuzi ophuzi.
Ekhaya libukeka lincome kakhulu, alikhuli ngaphezu kwama-25-30 cm ubude. Ngokuvamile zikhulile ekubhebheni izimbiza, izimbiza.
Isithombe sibonisa imbali ethi "Ripsalidopsis Pink" ngokunakekelwa kahle ekhaya:
"Andromeda"
Ngokubukeka, kufana namalungu angaphambilini we-genus. Inikezwe ngeziqu ezindala, eziluhlaza, ezikhahlalayo ezinamaqenjini amancane 4-6 cm ubude. Ihlukana nezimbali ezinkulu ezinjenge-star maroon-pink, kuze kube ngu-5-6 cm ububanzi, nezinhliziyo ze-orange. Izimbali zide.
Isithombe sibonisa imbali ethi "Ripsalidopsis Andromeda" ngokunakekelwa kahle ekhaya:
"Auriga"
Loluhlobo lwabalimi bezimbali ngokuvamile ludideka ne "Zigokaktus Truncated" (Decembrist). Inikezwe iziqu ezinyakazayo eside ngamagatsha amancane, izimbali ezinkulu ezibomvu-orange. Isikhathi sokumbali, ngokungafani neDemembrist yasebusika, siwela esikhathini sehlobo sasehlobo. Ukuvela kwezimbali nakho kuhlukile.
Isithombe sibonisa imbali ethi "Ripsalidopsis Auriga" ngokunakekelwa kahle ekhaya:
I-Ripsalidopsis Phoenix
Lezi zinhlobo zihlukaniswa izimbali ezinkulu ezinjengenkanyezi, ezinemibala ebomvu ezinezintambo ezine-orange eziphakathi kwe-petal ngayinye. I-orange orange ne-stamens elula. Amapetali amakhulu. Ihluma kakhulu, ngokuqhubekayo. Amahlumela amancane, aluhlaza.
Isithombe sibonisa imbali ethi "Ripsalidopsis Phoenix" ngokunakekelwa kahle ekhaya:
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Abalimi be-flower kufanele banake iqiniso lokuthi "i-Ripsalidopsis" ibhekisela kummeleli we-cacti ehlathini. Izincomo zokunakekelwa zihlukile kulabo abanikezwa i-cacti egwadule elula.
Ukudinga ngemuva kokuthenga
Ukunakekela kufanele kuqale ngokushesha emva kokuthenga. Imbali kufanele ifakwe ngokushesha embizeni entsha evulekile, imbobo yokugeleza kanye ne-substrate entsha. Amandla lapho imbali yayithengiswa khona, ayifanele ukulima okuqhubekayo. Iqukethe izitshalo kuphela esitolo.
Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi nomthamo
Umthamo ukhethwa cishe usayizi owodwa omkhulu kunomunye odlule ukuze imbali ikhululeke futhi ikhule ngokukhululekile. Ngezansi kufanele wenze ukufakwa kwamanzi.
Umhlabathi ovuthiwe ovuthiwe, okhululekile futhi okhululekile. Okukhethwa kukho kungumhlaba wobumba obunotshani nokwengezwa kwamalahle nesikitini esichotshoziwe njengamanzi.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, abafisi bezimbali abanokuhlangenwe nakho bacebisa ukushisa inhlabathi (ukuqhuma ehhavini), engeza isigamu sesipuni se-isipuni se-chopho ne-superphosphate ukuze ukwandise kancane i-acidity yomhlaba.
I-acidity yenhlabathi kufanele ibe ngo-4-6.
Ungatshala imbali endaweni ekhethekile ye-succulents kanye ne-cacti.
Ukukhanyisa
"I-Ripsalidopsis" - enye yezitshalo ezimbalwa ezizwa kahle ezindaweni ezimnyama kusukela elangeni.
Kufanelekile ukukhula emafasiteleni abheke enyakatho, enyakatho-mpumalanga. Ngesikhathi esifanayo empumalanga nasentshonalanga izimbali ziyobe ziningi kakhulu.
Ukuya ehlathini kwakunokukhanya okukhulu, futhi kufanelana nomfutho wemibala, ungakwazi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuvula imbali ekukhanyeni ngezinhlangothi ezahlukene. Ukushintsha isimo sebhodlela kuyadingeka ngaphambi kokubunjwa kwamafleji, ngaphandle kwalokho izimbali ngeke zide.
Ukushisa
Kubalulekile! Ikamelo kufanele likhululeke, izinga lokushisa elilinganiselwe: ehlobo cishe ngama-20-23 degrees no-16-18 ebusika.
I-cactus ayithandi ukushisa futhi ayibekezeli kahle. Ezinyangeni ezishisayo zasehlobo, kungcono ukuhlela kabusha ibhodlela elivela efasiteleni endaweni emnyama, epholile.
Esimo sezulu esifudumele, ungathatha ibhodlela ngaphandle ukuze isitshalo siphefumule kanye nomoya.
Vikela imbali kusuka emidwebeni nasehlahleni lokushisa.
Umswakama womoya
Emvelweni, i-cactus ikhula emahlathini ashisayo anomswakama ophezulu.
Ifulethi kufanele lizame ukudala izimo zalo eduze kwemvelo yemvelo.
Ekamelweni elinomoya owomile, kutuswa ukuthenga i-humidifier ehlelwe phansi.
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo zivame ukungcolisa lesi sitshalo ngamanzi.
Suka ngezikhathi ezithile, sula ngomusa ngendwangu emanzini ukuze ususe uthuli futhi uthuthuke.
Ukunisela
Nakani! Phakathi nonyaka, umbuso wokunisela ushintsha njalo.
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ukuchelela kufanele kube njalo njalo njalo, ukuze umhlaba ungagcwele ngokuphelele.
Kusukela esikhathini sokuqhakaza, i-Ripsalidopsis idinga ukuchelela okunamandla kakhulu, okunamandla okuningi.
Inhlabathi phakathi nalesi sikhathi kumele ihlale imanzi, kodwa ingabi nezikhukhula. Ngesikhathi sokuphuza, zama ukuvumela amanzi awele ezimbali.
Ngendlela yesimo sezulu esibanda, ukuchelela kumiswe okwesikhashana. Ebusika, kufike isikhathi sokuphumula, lapho umhlaba ungasetshenziswanga khona.
Umquba
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, "i-Ripsalidopsis" idliwa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Imifuno elungiselelwe eyenziwe e-forest cacti ifanelekile lokhu. Esikhathini esidlulile, i-cactus ayitholakali.
Kubalulekile! Imbali ayikwazi ukondliwa umquba ophilayo.
Khetha amaminerali kuphela anezinto eziphansi ze-nitrogen. I-nitrojeni ingabangela ukubola kwezimpande.
Izimbali
Lesi sitshalo asiyona ngengozi okuthiwa "i-Easter cactus." Isikhathi sokumbali siwela ngePhasika (cishe kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli). Khumbula ukuthi ukungahambisani nezincomo zokunakekelwa kwesitshalo kuyoba nomthelela omubi ekutheni kube nezimbali.
Ukufakelwa
I-cactus encane idinga ukufakelwa konyaka, okwenziwa ngoMeyi ngemuva kokuphela kwezimbali.
I-cactus yabantu abadala isetshenziswe kangako njalo, cishe kanye kanye njalo eminyakeni 2-3.
Uhlelo lwempande lweRipsalidopsis luncane, ludinga ukutholakala kahle kwe-oxygen.
Ukuze ufake kabusha, unike ukukhetha ebhodweni elincane, elibanzi.
Uma izimpande zingakhuli kakhulu kokufakelwa okudlule, akufanele ukhethe amandla amakhulu.
Lesi sitshalo sisuswa ngokucophelela embizeni bese sisusa izimpande zomhlabathi omdala. Bese ufaka isitsha esisha, uqondise kahle izimpande bese ufafazwe umhlaba. Ngaphezulu kweminwe encane ehlanganisiwe.
Uma ngesikhathi sehlobo imbali ikhulile kakhulu, udinga ukuyifaka kabusha ngaphambi kokuqala kwebanda elibandayo.
Ukuzala
I-cactus isakazwa kalula yi-cuttings, noma kunalokho ngenye ingxenye ye-stem, efana nokubonakala kweqabunga:
- Ukukhiqizwa kwenziwa kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuJanuwari.
- Ingxenye ihlukaniswe ngokucophelela esiteshini, yomiswe amasonto amabili ephepheni.
Khona-ke ama-cuttings atshalwe embizeni encane (5-6 cm). Kungcono ukuthatha izingxenye 2-3 zokutshala ngesikhathi esisodwa. I-Moist sphagnum (i-peat moss) ithandwa njenge-filler.
Hlanganisa i-substrate kufanele ibe kanye ngesonto. Umswakama omningi ungabangela ukubola. I-cuttings ihlezi izinyanga ezingu-5 ngemuva kokutshala.
Enye indlela yokukhiqiza - imbewu.
Kulokhu, i-pollinated ne-pollen evela kwezinye izinhlobo zeRipsalidopsis. Ngemuva kokuvota, i-berry izovela endaweni yembali, lapho imbewu izovuthwa khona.
Isithelo singahlala isikhathi eside esihlahleni. Ngezinye izikhathi izimbewu zihluma ngaphakathi futhi ziphenduke izitshalo ezincane ezincane ezingasetshenziswa emhlabathini. Imbewu ingagcinwa iminyaka engu-2-3.
Le ndlela yokukhiqiza iyinkimbinkimbi futhi iyinde. I-shrub evamile iyakhiwa kusuka izithombo kuphela iminyaka emine emva kokutshala.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Nakani! lezo zifo zivela ngenxa yokunakekelwa okwanele kwesitshalo.
Okuvamile kakhulu:
- Umsuka wokubola. Ihambisana nomswakama ongaphezulu ngokweqile. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona lesi sifo ngesikhathi futhi ukufakelwa isitshalo sibe yindawo entsha, kungenjalo kuyofa. Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha, uhlelo lwempande kufanele luhlanjululwe kahle ngokubola, lususwe izingxenye ezithintekile, lungcolile ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate.
- Ezifo ezifayo, okuvame kakhulu yizo: phthium, phytophthora, fusarium. Imbali ye-Fusarium ingatheleleka ngamagundane esiphambi kweziqu noma emva kokulunywa kwezinambuzane. Ukwelashwa, i-fungicides nezinsimbi ze-benomyl ne-chlorothalonil ziyasetshenziswa. I-Phithium ne-phytophthora igciwane le-collar empande ngokusebenzisa inhlabathi engcolisiwe. Ukuze ukwelashwa usebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-fungicidal zezifo ze-fungal.
- Kulezi zinambuzane, lesi sitshalo singathinteka yisidumbu se-mealy. Kunzima ukubona ngoba kuthinta uhlelo lwempande. Indlela ephumelelayo yomzabalazo iguqula emhlabathini omusha nge-pre-treatment ngezinambuzane kanye nesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate.
I-Ripsalidopsis iyitshalo esimangalisayo, enhle, esingajwayelekile ukuthi abalimi abaningi bathande ukukhula. Kuheha ukunakwa kwezimbali ezimnandi nokungajwayelekile.
Uma ufuna ukuthenga le mbali, kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela izincomo zokunakekelwa okufanele. Ngokungafani ne-cacti egwadule elula, ukunakekela abameli behlathi kuzohluka. Uma uphatha imbali futhi unakekele, ingaba umhlobiso wangempela wekhaya lakho.
