Kuthatha isikhathi esiningi nemizamo yokukhulisa isitshalo, ngakho kubalulekile ukuyivuna bese igcina ibanda kuze kubusika ube nemifino entsha. Phakathi kwazo zonke izitshalo zempande, izaqathe zibhekwa njengento engenangqondo kakhulu ngokugcina isitoreji. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokuqoqa nokulungisa izaqathe zokugcina ubusika obude.
Imithetho yokuvuna nokulungiselela imifino yokugcina
Indlela yokugcina izaqathe ebusika, ngaphambi kokuvuna okulungile. Khetha kusukela emibhedeni iqale, njengombuso, maphakathi no-Septhemba-Okthoba. Isikhathi esiqondile sincike kwinani lezinsuku ezishisayo ngenkathi. Plus imifino ukuthi ayesabi frost yokuqala. Kubalulekile ukuyisusa esimweni esishisayo nesomile kusuka emhlabathini owomile noma omncane, bese ukwanele ukuyomisa kancane.
Ukuze ugcine isikhathi eside ukuvuna, udinga ukuwukhiphela ngaphandle ngaphandle kokulimaza. Kule folokithi ye-carrot poddevyat, ephethe iziqongo. Uma ukumba kubalulekile ukuthi ungalimazi isikhumba sesanqante, uma kungenjalo kuyoba ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokugcina. 
Ukomisa impande kumele kube ngaphambi kokuyibeka emiphongolweni. Uma isimo sezulu sihle, sibeke nje ngaphandle ensimini bese usishiya amahora ambalwa. Uma isimo sesimo sezulu simanzi, soma endaweni evaliwe, kodwa umoya ogcwele umoya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isivuno senziwe esendleleni esisodwa kudoti ukuze izimpande zingathinti. Uma ziqoqwe ezimweni ezimanzi, ukomisa kubambezeleka izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Kodwa lezi akuzona kuphela ama-nuances wombuzo onzima, ukuthi ungagcina kanjani izaqathe ekhaya. Ngemuva kokumiswa, kufanele kuhlanjululwe ukungcola, kepha uma izimbungulu zomhlaba ziqinile, akufanele ziqedwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sivuna isitshalo, sibeka eceleni izibonelo ezimele. Ama-bacteria e-pathogenic angena phakathi kwesikhumba ephukile afike emifinini, asebenze inqubo yokubola. Ikhophi eyodwa eyonakele yanele ukubhubhisa ngokushesha isitshalo sonke.
Iphukile kodwa izimpande ezomile zingafakwa eceleni futhi zigcinwe ngokwehlukana. Ukulimala kungathathwa ekhaya bese kugcinwa esiqandisini, kancane kancane besebenzisa. 
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlunga, kubalulekile ukususa iziqongo ezivela ezitshalweni bese uhlunga izimpande ngesayizi. Lesi sitshalo sisuswa ngommese obukhali ukuze 1-2 mm we-green ingxenye ihlale ingaphezu kwempande. Ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye eluhlaza isusiwe lapho isanqante isisahlezi engadini, kodwa kulokhu kunzima ukumba. Ngokuqondene nokuhlunga, kubalulekile ukusetshenziselwa kahle isivuno. Ekuqaleni, basebenzisa amakhophi amancane kakhulu, futhi ekupheleni - ezinkulu.
Ama-beet, ama-radishes, i-turnips, ama-parsnips, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, i-parsley, i-rutabaga, ikhanda, i-scorzonera ne-daikon nayo iphinde ibe yizilimo zezitshalo bese ihlala enye yezindawo zokuqala phakathi kwemikhiqizo yokudla yezitshalo.
Izimo zokulondolozwa
Indlela yokugcina izaqathe emiphongolweni noma engaphansi, ukuze ingahluma, isomile futhi ibole? Ngalokhu, izinga lokushisa lokugumbana kufanele ligcinwe ebangeni - / + 2 ° C nangomswakama wesihlobo ka 90-95%. Umoya ekamelweni akufanele ube namandla emoyeni, ngaphandle kwalokho imifino izoqala ukuhluma. Kodwa akufanele abuyele.
Kubalulekile! Zama ukungagcini izaqathe nezinye imifino yezimpande ngama-apula. Izithelo ezivuthiwe ziphazamisa i-ethylene emoyeni, ngenxa yokuthi imifino ikhula ngokushesha.
Ingaphansi noma i-cellar kufanele ibe nokuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi, ukugxilonga nokuphuza umoya omuhle. Ngaphambi kokunciphisa isitshalo kuwo, kumele kuhlanjululwe izidakamizwa, izinhlawulo zokuvunwa konyaka odlule. Amashalofu, izindonga, kanye nokushayela kufanele abe ne-disinfected nge-quicklime. Uma, ngaphambi kokuhlehlisa emiphongolweni, ukugcina ukuvuna kweviki noma ezimbili ngaphakathi endlini ekushiseni kwe-13-15 ° C, ungabona imifino ewonakele engabanjwanga ngenkathi ihlelwa.
Uyazi? Ama-karoti asakazeka emhlabeni wonke evela e-Afghanistan. Lapho imifino endle inebala obomvu obugqamile, ngezinye izikhathi iphuzi noma imhlophe. Isanqante se-orange esasetshenziselwa ukuba sakhiwe ngababelethi baseNetherlands ngokuhlonipha izimbali zomndeni wasebukhosini wobukhosi base-Oranian.
Indlela yokugcina izaqathe: izindlela ezithandwayo zokugcina imifino yezimpande
Kunezindlela eziningi zokubeka izaqathe emiphongolweni noma emakamelweni okugcina.
Ngobumba
Ngaphambi kokufakwa, imifino yezimpande idonsa ngobumba, yakha ungqimba oluvikelayo emifino. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwenza lokhu: uthele ngokuphelele noma uthele isithelo ngasinye. Esikhathini sokuqala, kuzodingeka uhlaziye isigamu ibhakede lobumba ngamanzi bese ulinda cishe usuku. Uma ikhula, ihlanganiswa futhi ngamanzi, ivuselelwe kahle futhi ishiye izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine. Bese uthatha amabhokisi lapho uhlela khona ukugcina isitshalo, egcwele ifilimu, izaqathe zibekwe phezu kwazo ukuze izithelo zingathinti. Manje ingathululelwa ngendwangu yobumba, okumele kube nokuvumelana kokukhilimu omuncu. Uma ungqimba ubomile, usakaze lokhu okulandelayo. Inqubo iphindwa kuze kube yilapho ibhokisi ligcwele.
Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa indlela ngokudonsa, udinga ukulungiselela izinhlobo ezimbili zabathengi. Ngokuba ingilazi yokuqala yegalikhi idluliselwa nge-grinder yenyama futhi uthele amalitha amabili amanzi. Okwesibili, ubumba buhlanjululwa ngamanzi ukuze kube khona ukhilimu omuncu, ukuze ungadli ebusweni bemifino. Khona-ke imifino ngayinye yezimpande igalelwe kuqala kugalikhi, bese isetshenziselwa ukoma endaweni egumbini eliphezulu. Uma luma, faka ebhokisini bese ulibeka emiphongolweni noma ngaphansi.
Esihlabathini
Isihlabathi esisolwandle esisetshenziselwa ukugcina isitoreji kunesihlabathi somfula, ngoba sigcina umswakama singcono, sigcina izinga lokushisa njalo futhi livimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokubola kwizithelo. Ukuyihambisa, uthele amanzi ngamalitha ngalinye ibhakede leshlabathi. I-substrate elungiselelwe ithululelwa phansi kwebhokisi cishe ububanzi obuyi-5 cm, isakaze izaqathe ukuze izithelo zingathinti, bese zilala futhi nesihlabathi. Inqubo iphindwa kuze kube yilapho ibhokisi ligcwele ngokuphelele. Abanye balimi basebenzisa ngempumelelo isihlabathi esomile sokugcina. Futhi, esikhundleni samabhokisi kukhona amabhakede ajwayelekile ajwayelekile.
Uyazi? EYurophu, izaqathe zibhekwa njengezithelo, hhayi njengemifino. Iqiniso liwukuthi amaPutukezi afunde ukwenza okukhululekile kuwo kusukela ekubukeni kwalemifino emasimini abo emifino. Futhi ngokusho komthetho wendawo kungenziwa kuphela izithelo.
Moss kanye izaqathe
Imifino igcinwe kahle ngo-sphagnum-type moss. Iqukethe ama-preservatives, igcina i-carbon dioxide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhanya kakhulu kunesihlabathi noma ubumba olufanayo. Ama-karoti ayomile okokuqala, kodwa angagcini, bese agcinwa usuku endaweni epholile. Ngemuva kwalokhu, isitshalo sigqokwe emigqeni ebhokisini, siyishintsha emigqeni ye-moss.
Onion Husk
I-anyanisi ne-garlic ama-husk anamafutha abalulekile avimbela ukubola. Ukuze ulondoloze isivuno ngale ndlela, phansi kwebhokisi kuhlanganiswe namanki, khona-ke ungqimba lwezinqathe lubekwa futhi uhlaka lwezinhlanzi. Ngakho ibhokisi ligcwele phezulu.
Funda indlela yokugcina amazambane, anyanisi, izaqathe, beet, iklabishi ebusika.
Ku-coniferous sawdust
Inzuzo yale ndlela yukuthi i-coniferous sawdust inomzimba we-phytoncides, ongagcini nje kuphela ukuvimbela amabhaktheriya we-pathogenic kanye nesifungeni kusukela ekungeneni emifinini, kodwa nokuvimbela ukuhluma kwezitshalo. Ukuze isitoreji, izaqathe kanye ne-sawdust zibekiwe ezinqabeni ngokuvumelana nesimiso esichazwe ngenhla.
Isixazululo esinamandla
Ukuze ulungise isixazululo se-chaki, u-choki uhlanjululwa ngamanzi aze athole uketshezi olufanayo. Khona-ke isanqante ngayinye igxiliwe kuyo, isomisiwe futhi ifakwe ebhokisini lokugcina. 10 kg of izaqathe zidinga ukuchitha cishe 200 g of choki. Ngesilinganiso esifanayo, ungakwazi nje ukuyifaka ngaphandle kwamanzi. Isikhumba sinezinto ezinamakhemikhali ezivimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane. I-Chalk ingaxubaniswa nesihlabathi, ilele ebhokisini, bese ihlanganisa izaqathe lapho ukuze kuphele ukuphela okukhulu. Naye, naye, kufanele afafazwe ngesiqu.
Uyazi? Kukholelwa ukuthi ukusebenzisa izaqathe ngobuningi kunomthelela ekubunjweni kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, uma sikhuluma ngabantu ababhemayo nabantu abasebenzisana nama-asbestos. Kuzo zonke ezinye, kungukuthi, ngokuphambene nalokho, ithuluzi elihle kakhulu lokuvimbela izicubu ezimbi.
Emaphakheji
Ukuvuna kungadluliselwa emasakeni epulasitiki ngekhono lama-5 kuya kwangu-30 kg futhi kugcinwe emakamelweni apholile. Kulesi simo, ngaphakathi kwiphakheji, umswakama odingekayo ugcinwa ezingeni lika 96-98%, okuvimbela izaqathe ukuthi zingapheli. Bahlanganisa futhi i-carbon dioxide ekhishwe izithelo, okuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwama-bacterium. Kodwa awukwazi ukubopha izikhwama, kungenjalo ukuhlushwa kwayo kuzokwanda, ngenxa yalokho isivuno sizoyiphutha. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izikhwama kufanele zibe nokuvuleka kwe-ventilation.
Kubalulekile! Ngesinye isikhathi ngomswakama ophezulu egumbini emagodini amanzi ancibilikile. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, ngaphandle kwabo bahlakaze i-lime-fluff, eyithatha umswakama obuningi.
Embhedeni
Ngesinye isikhathi isivuno sisala ensimini ebusika, entwasahlobo ukuze kube nemifino etafuleni. Ukuze izaqathe zinyamalale ngesikhathi sesitoreji esinjalo, iziqongo ziqedwa ngokuphelele, umbhede ugcwele isihlabathi esinamandla. Bese uthelelela indawo yokukhosela ngokulandelana okulandelayo: ifilimu, i-sawdust, amaqabunga owomile, ama-humus noma i-peat, ukuphahlazeka kwezwa, ifilimu. Kulesi simo, imifino kuze kufike entwasahlobo igcina ukunambitheka kwayo, kuyilapho ihlala ihlanzekile.
Izimvu, inyama yengulube, inkomo, unogwaja kanye namahhashi asetshenziselwa ukukhosela izaqathe ensimini ebusika.
Inganqamu ingahlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Izindlela ezahlukene zokugcina zivumela ngezikhathi ezahlukene ukugcina isitshalo sisha. Ngakho, ku-sawdust, ubumba, i-husk, ugoki emiphongolweni, ingahlala unyaka. Ama-carrot amaningi angatholakala kwifriji. Ezingxenyeni ze-sandbox eziqinisekisiwe ukulala izinyanga ezingu-5-8. Isikhwama sepulasitiki sikuvumela ukuthi ungagcini ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezine. Uma wazi ukugcina izaqathe esiqandisini, ungaba nemifino entsha izinyanga ezimbili. Ebhokisini elibhekiselwe kuyo, uzolala izinyanga eziyisithupha, futhi ezinqoleni zomhlabathi zingagcinwa kuze kufike entwasahlobo.
Ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinqathe ezintsha, ugcine ngezindlela ezahlukene. Khona-ke ngisho noma omunye wabo ehluleka futhi ingxenye yesitshalo ifa, unethuba lokulondoloza enye ingxenye kuze kufike entwasahlobo. 
Ibanga eliphezulu lokugcina
Ukukhetha indlela yokulondoloza izaqathe, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezihlukahlukene. Akuyona ngayinye yazo eyenzelwe isitoreji eside. Okokuqala, kufanele sigxile esikhathini sokuthuthukiswa kwemifino. Ukuze ugcine isikhathi eside, izinhlobo ezinenkathi ekhulayo ezinsukwini ezingu-120 noma ngaphezulu zifanelekile. Lezi yizinhlobo zangezinkathi zonyaka kanye nezinkathi zesikhathi esiphakathi, ezifana "Valeria", "Chance", "Tsarano", "Isibungu", "Samson", "Rosal", "Monanta" nabanye.
Bheka izinhlobo ezinhle zanqotshwa eSiberia naseMoscow.Ukuhleleka kokugcina isikhathi eside kubhekwa njengendlela yokuvuthwa ejwayelekile "yasebusika yaseMoscow", okungukuthi, ngaphezu kokunambitheka okuhle, kunomkhiqizo ophezulu. I-"Nantes" enomsoco ibuye inike isivuno esicebile futhi igcine ukukhula okuhle. Isikhathi esiphakathi phakathi kwe-"shantane" ngaphandle kwesitoreji eside sinomnandi ekunambeni nasephunga elimangalisayo.
Uyazi? Uma uthola kunzima ukucacisa ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezaqathe ezitshalwe kusayithi, gxila ekujuleni kwempande. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinezithelo ezincishisiwe ezifana ne "izaqathe zaseParis" zihlala zibi nakakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobonhlobo zomzimba.Ama-karoti agcinwe kahle, okwakusesikhathini sokuvuna sasineminyaka eyi-100-110 ubudala. Kodwa kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi, ngaphezu kwezici zezinhlobonhlobo, izimo zokulima kwazo zithinta izinga lokugcina isivuno: inani lomanyolo we-nitrogen, umbuso wokunisela, ukubaluleka kwenhlabathi, njalonjalo.
Funda futhi mayelana namanyolo nokudla izaqathe endaweni evulekile.
