I-Rhododendron shrub (azalea) isitshalo esinezimbali eziqhakazayo esikhulwe ikakhulukazi emhlabathini ovulekile. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emazweni asempumalanga naseNyakatho Melika, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zivamile e-Australia, kanti ezinye zisezindaweni ezikude zase-Russia eseMpumalanga. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-azalea ibuye isinde kahle ekhaya njengesitshalo esibunjiwe, okwenza uzigqume ngaso sonke isikhathi sezimbali.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-Rhododendron shrub?
Uhlobo lweRhododendron lungelomndeni wakwaVereskov. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-800 zabamele lolu hlobo. Imvamisa lezi zihlala ziluhlaza / ezinqenqemeni ezihlala ziluhlaza, kepha emvelweni kukhona futhi izinhlobo ngezinhlobo zezihlahla.
Rhododendron ngaphakathi
Kuyathakazelisa! Izinhlobo eziningi ze-rhododendron yasendle zinoshevu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izingxenye zazo zigcwele ubuthi - isiqu, amaqabunga ngisho nezimbali. Izinto eziningi eziqukethwe kuzo zingabulala.
Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile nezinhlobonhlobo
Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ze-Rhododendron, ezisetshenziswa ngokuzikhandla njengezitshalo ezitshaliwe, yile elandelayo:
- I-Rhododendron Daursky.
Izindawo zokukhula: I-Primorye, Korea, China, i-East Siberia, iMongolia.
Uhlobo lokukhula: ibhlishi ebanzi, ebanzi, e-semi-deciduous ifinyelela kumamitha angama-4. I-bark is grey ngombala, amaqabunga mancane, aze afike ku-3 cm, scaly ngaphansi komfula. Ubunzima ekuphakameni kweqhwa okwandayo.
Izimbali zihlala cishe inyanga. Iqhakaza ezinkulu, ifinyelela ku-4 cm ububanzi, ngezimbali ze-lilac. Inezinhlobonhlobo ezingadiwe ezihlanzelwe ezingafani nezimbali eziqhakazile nezikhulu.
Ukubukeka kukaDaurian
- I-Rhododendron Adams.
Indawo yokuhlala: Empumalanga Ekude, eTibet.
Isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esifinyelela ku-2 m ukuphakama. Amaqabunga anomumo obala, oluhlaza okotshani ngombala, afinyelela ku-2 cm ngobude nangobubanzi.
Izimbali ezipinki zincanyana, zifinyelela kububanzi obungu-1.5 cm, kepha zibukeka kahle ngoba ziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence amakhophi ayi-7-15.
I-Rhododendron adams
- I-Azalea Sims.
Izinhlobo zasendlini eziqhakaza entwasahlobo. Kodwa-ke, abafuyi bezitshalo sebevele sebezuzile ukuqhakaza kwasebusika kwezinye izinhlobo zalo nzalo.
Imvamisa kuba yi-shrub efinyelela ku-50 cm ukuphakama, incane kakhulu isihlahla esivamile, eselula kufika ku-1.5 m.
Izimbali ikakhulukazi zimhlophe, zipinki noma zibomvu. Amanye ama-nzalo anama-salmon hues.
I-Azalea sims
Kuyathakazelisa! Lapho nje i-azalea ibonakala efulethini, amabhu nezinambuzane ngokushesha zinyamalala kuwo.
Kafushane ngomlando wokubukeka
Igama elithi Rhododendron lihunyushwa ngokuthi "rosewood" (lisuselwa kwelesiGrikhi elithi "Rhodon" - rose and "dendron" - umuthi).
Ngokwenye yezinganekwane ezivame kakhulu eYurophu, kukholelwa ukuthi kanye lapho ehlathini kukhona umlilo owesabekayo. U-Elves ngejubane wazama ukubaleka kuye, bandiza beya ezansi kwentaba futhi, bekhathele, bacela ukulala ubusuku obunye ehlathini elisha. Kepha akekho owayefuna ukwamukela abantu angabazi, ngaphandle kwesihlahla esisodwa.
Ekuseni, bonke abanye abantu abadala banqume ukumbonga ngokungenisa izihambi futhi bamnika izimbali zobuhle obumangalisayo. Ngakho kwavela le mbali enhle kakhulu.
Kuyathakazelisa! E-Russia, i-Rhododendron yavela kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Walethwa njengesipho enkosini. Ekuqaleni, lalitshalwa kuphela ezingadini zasebukhosini kanye namahholo okugcina izithombo.
Izici zokunakekela i-rhododendron ekhaya
Indoor rhododendron isitshalo esidinga kakhulu ukusinakekela, ukuze iqhume minyaka yonke, kubalulekile ukuyinakekela ikakhulukazi ngokucophelela, ibheka izidingo eziningi. Ngisho nabathandi bezimbali abanokuhlangenwe nakho okuningi ngeke bakwazi ukubhekana nalokhu.
Ukushisa
Emvelweni, imbali ikhula emazweni anesimo sezulu esipholile, ngakho-ke ekhaya idinga izinga lokushisa eliphansi.
Inketho enhle kakhulu ngu- + 15 ° C. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke imbiza kufanele ibekwe kanye nayo ukuze izinga lokushisa lingakhuphuki ngaphezu kuka-22 ° C.
Isibani
Lapho kukhula i-Rhododendron ekhaya, umuntu kufanele futhi acabangele lokho akuthandayo kwendawo. Kungcono ukubeka imbiza nayo ohlangothini olusenyakatho, ukuyibeka emthunzini olungemukeleki ethile.
Kubalulekile! I-Azalea ayikubekezeleli ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Ukusuka kulokhu, isitshalo singafa.
Ukunisela
Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe njalo, kepha ukugwema ukuzamisa umswakama ebhodweni.
Isixazululo esizedlula zonke kungaba yinguqulo ephansi yokunisela - epanini. Kuyadingeka ukuthulula amanzi kuwo, vumela isihlahla sime amahora ambalwa, emva kwalokho kufanele ukuthi kukhishwe amanzi asele.
Kungcono ukuncibilikisa noma amanzi emvula. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke uvikelwe kahle. Ngezikhathi ezithile ungangeza amaconsi ambalwa kalamula emanzini, isitshalo sizoyithanda.
Ukufafaza
Ukufafaza kufanele kwenziwe nsuku zonke, kepha kusuka kude. Amaconsi amakhulu amanzi akufanele awele emacembe nasezimbali zezitshalo.
Umswakama
Indoor flower rhododendron izwela kakhulu umswakama womoya. Kufanele ihlale iphakeme.
Ukuqinisekisa izinga elifunekayo, eduze kwembiza, ungabeka umkhumbi ogcwele ama-moss omanzi, noma isitsha samanzi.
Kubalulekile! Ama-Rhododendrons amaningi asekhaya ashonile ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu nomswakama ophansi.
Inhlabathi
Kungcono ukuthenga esitolo inhlabathi ekhethekile yama-azaleas akhulayo. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sifuna hhayi ukunakekelwa kwangaphandle kuphela, kodwa futhi ukulingana acid-base ingxube yenhlabathi.
Umhlabathi we-Rhododendron kufanele ukhululeke, ukhanye, uvuleke kahle, futhi ube nezinga le-acidity okungenani le-4-4.5 pH. Ukwengeza ukuthambekisa, ungangeza i-peat encane noma isihlabathi somfula enhlabathini eqediwe.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
I-Azalea idinga ukondliwa njalo kabili ngenyanga. Lokhu, kuthengwa inhlanganisela ekhethekile yamanyolo wezimbiwa.
Ngenkathi yentuthuko yemifino nemiqumbe, bayondla ngesisombululo se-superphosphate (1 g yomanyolo nge-1 litre yamanzi).
Izici zokunakekelwa kwasebusika, isikhathi sokuphumula
Kuma-azaleas amaningi, isikhathi sokushisa siqala ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ekugcineni kwezimbali.
Ngalesi sikhathi, sinqunywe, sitshalwe kabusha, uma kunesidingo, susa zonke izimbali ezisalelayo bese siqhubeka nokwenza ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile. Umbuso wokunisela, ukondla nokufafaza i-Rhododendron ngesikhathi sokuphumula awushintshi.
Ehlobo, ungathatha imbiza nesitshalo uye nayo engadini, uyibeka ethunzini eliyingqayizivele futhi uvikele ukweqisa.
Ebusika, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, udinga ukubhekisisa izimbali ezifayo bese uzisusa masinyane ukunikeza ithuba lokukhulisa entsha, enamandla amakhulu.
Blooms nini futhi kanjani ama-Rhododendron
I-Azalea iqhakaza kuphela iminyaka emi-3-4 yempilo yayo, ngakho-ke, uma isitshalo esincane singaqhakaza, akufanele ukhathazeke futhi ucabange ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle. Udinga nje ukulinda ukuze ikhule ngokugcwele.
Izinhlobo zezimbali
Izimbali ze-Azalea zingaba lula, ziphindwe kabili futhi zibe kabili, zivame ukuba zinkulu, zitholakala ngawodwa, ezincane zivame ukuqoqwa kuma-inflorescences aqhakazileyo.
Izimbali elula azalea
Ngokwesilinganiso, ububanzi bawo bungamasentimitha angama-3-5. Izimbali zezinhlobo ezithile zinephunga elimnandi elicashile.
UTerry Azalea
Imilo yezimbali
Kunezindlela eziningi zokwakheka kwezimbali ze-rhododendron, zincike kuphela ezinhlotsheni nasezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene.
Amafomu alandelayo ahlukaniswa:
- isimbozi
- amashubhu;
- -klanywe insimbi;
- -wenziwe isondo.
Isikhathi sezimbali
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza ngqo ngokuya ngezinhlobo zezitshalo. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziqhakaza ebusika, ngoNovemba-Disemba, futhi kukhona lezo eziqhakaza ngoFebhuwari-Ephreli.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ubukhazikhazi be-Rhododendron ngesikhathi sezimbali abuchazeki futhi bafuna ukunconywa isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, aluqhakaze isikhathi eside - azikho ngaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5 ekhaya. Ngeshwa, lesi sitshalo siqhakaza kanye ngonyaka.
Izinguquko ekunakekeleni kwezimbali
Awukwazi ukwenza ushintsho lwe-Rhododendron ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwayo. Kepha uma ufuna ukunweba lesi sikhathi kancane kancane, unganciphisa kancane kancane amazinga okushisa egumbini lapho lesi sitshalo sikhona.
Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokuhluma nokuqhakaza, imbiza ayikwazi ukuhanjiswa endaweni entsha, lokhu kusongela ukulahla ama-buds noma kumise ukuthuthukiswa kwawo.
Izihlahla Rhododendron Shrub
Kungukuthenwa okulungile kwama-azaleas okuyisihluthulelo sokuqhakaza kwawo okumangalisayo nokude.
Isikhathi senqubo nguMeyi. Ngalesi sikhathi, amahlumela amasha akha esihlahleni. Zikhonkxwe ngendlela yokuthi kusale amaqabunga angama-4-5 kuphela.
Uma kunesifiso sokutshala isihlahla esijwayelekile, khona-ke udinga ukusika onke amahlumela, ngaphandle kwalapho enamandla kakhulu futhi aqine. Iboshwe esisekelweni futhi, lapho ifinyelela ukuphakama okufisayo, thinta phezulu. Umuthi uzoqala ukukala. Ukuze lithole ukwakheka kwe-eyindilinga, kufanele liguqulwe ngezikhathi ezithile kukhanya.
Ukuze uthole ukwakheka kwesihlahla, ungavele usike wonke amahlumela kuya kuma-10 cm njalo ngonyaka bese ususa ngokuphelele amahlumela angenasifo.
Ungayithuthukisa kanjani i-Rhododendron
Umbuzo wokuthi ungayisakaza kanjani i-Rhododendron ekhaya, uvusa abatshali bezimbali abaningi. Kunezindlela eziningana eziyisisekelo zokusakaza lesi sitshalo esihle.
Ukuhluma kwembewu
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwembewu kuyindlela enzima kunazo zonke esetshenziswa ngabachwepheshe kuphela. Wabasaqalayo, okuthile akunakufezeka.
Ukunaka! Lapho uthenga imbewu, kufanele unake isikhathi sokuqoqwa kwabo (kungabi ngaphezu kweminyaka emibili) nokungabikho komonakalo. Ngokufanelekile, uma imbewu yayiqoqwa ngokuzimela.
Isikhathi sokutshala: ekuqaleni kuya maphakathi nentwasahlobo. Ukuhlwanyela kwangaphambilini, ukukhanya okwengeziwe nge-phytolamp kuyadingeka kuze kube yilapho sekuhlinzekwa ukukhanya kwamahora ayi-12.
Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokuhlwanyela imbewu eyenziwe ngerikhodendron:
- Phansi kwetangi lapho imbewu izohluma khona, kutheleka ungqimba lwamanzi.
- Isendlalelo esincane sithululelwa phezu kwaso ukuze singafiki ku-1-2 cm emaphethelweni. Isendlalelo sikhishwa, kepha asihlanganisiwe.
- Ingaphezulu lenze amagciwane ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
- Imbewu ibekwa phezulu eyomile ngaphezulu kwesigaqa esihle, ngisho imigqa. Ibanga phakathi kwabo kufanele okungenani libe ngu-1 cm.
- Umhlabathi umunyiswe ngesibhamu sokufafaza.
- Isitsha simbozwe ifilimu noma ingilazi.
Ukuze kuhlume imbewu, kubalulekile ukubanikeza amahora amade wemini, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme nokufafaza njalo. Cishe inyanga ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, kuvela amahlumela okuqala, abuthaka kakhulu. Kepha le nqubo ingadonsa isikhathi eside.
Ngemuva kokuba amahlumela esekhule kancane, kuyadingeka ukuzisusa ezweni lokushisa bese kunciphisa kakhulu izinga lokushisa libe ngu-10-12 ° C. Lokhu kuyingozi impela, kepha kuyadingeka. Okwamanje, kuphela ukuthambisa okuphansi kungenziwa. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga okuqala, isitshalo siyadedelwa.
Ukusika kwe-midzi
Ukusakazeka kwama-rhododendrons ngokusika kuyindlela ethandwa kakhulu yokuzala ekhaya.
Inqubo yokusika ingaqhutshwa ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti. Isiqu esiqinile esilinganiswe kancane sinqunywa size sibe ngu-10 cm.Ukusikwa kuqhutshekiswa ngezinto ezikhuthaza izimpande. Ngemuva kwalokho itshalwe ngokuthele emhlabathini ama-azaleas, kahle, ukujula okungaba ngu-2-3 cm.
Imbiza yengilazi noma ifilimu kwakha izimo zokugcina ukushisa. I-greenhouse iyasuswa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kungene umoya omncane, ukuthambisa nokufafaza.
Ngenyanga eyodwa, kuzovela ukubamba kwezimpawu, kepha izimbali zokuqala kufanele zilinde okungenani iminyaka emibili.
Azalea cuttings
Ukulala komoya
Ngale ndlela, isihlahla esidala esinenombolo enkulu yezisekelo ezisencane, nezisetshenziswayo siyasetshenziswa.
Khetha inombolo edingekayo yamahlumela, yenza i-incision engaba ngu-5 cm ubude bese uwagoqa ku-groove engagugiwe ngaphambili (3 cm). Izindawo zokuxhumana nenhlabathi kufanele zisulwe ngokuphelele amaqabunga namahlumela.
Ukunaka! Izimpande zivela ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1-2, kepha ukutshala isitshalo esivela kumama kungaba ngonyaka olandelayo kuphela. Izimbali ngeke zisheshe nje emva kweminyaka emi-2. Le ndlela ingasetshenziswa kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti.
Lezi izinketho eziphambili zendlela yokusabalalisa ama-rhododendrons ekhaya. Umtshali ngamunye uzikhethela ngokwakhe ukuthi lezi zihlahlana ezinhle zizokhula kanjani ngokukhethekile naye. Kunezinye izindlela, ngokwesibonelo, ngokwahlukanisa isihlahla. Ivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ekufakweni kwezitshalo ezindala. Ungazama futhi ukubamba iqabunga. Isimiso siyefana nakwezisikiwe, kepha i-azalea izothatha isikhathi eside, futhi ukuqhakaza izimbali kufanele kulinde okungenani iminyaka emithathu.
Ukufakwa kweRhododendron ekhaya
Ukufakwa kwe-Rhododendron kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi yezimbali.
Inhloso yayo enkulu ukubheka uhlelo lwezimpande, ususe izimpande ezomile nezonakalisiwe kanye nama-peduncle afile.
Ama-azaleas asemancane kufanele atshalwe kabusha minyaka yonke, ama-bush abadala - kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni
Njengoba i-Rhododendron shrub iyisitshalo esithanda ukwedlula zonke, zingaba nezinkinga eziningi ngayo. Uzosabela ngokushesha kunoma yiziphi izimo ezintofontofo ezinganele.
Ilahla ama-buds namaqabunga
Lokhu kuvame ukukhombisa ukunakekelwa okungafanele. Okokuqala, udinga ukudala amazinga okushisa athambile kakhulu kuye hhayi ukomisa umoya.
Lapho ulungisa lokhu kushiyeka, ngokunokwenzeka, isitshalo sizophinda sihlaza futhi, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwama-buds kuzoqhubeka. Kungenzeka futhi ukwandisa indlela yokugqoka ephezulu, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona inani elinganele lezakhi zomzimba emhlabathini.
Isifo
- I-Chlorosis
Izimpawu: amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Isixazululo: khuphula ubuthi bamanzi asetshenziswa isitshalo. Ungayifaki emakamelweni afudumele kakhulu; kungcono ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ku-15 ° C. Kungafafazwa nge-magnesium sulfate
- INecrosis.
Izimpawu: isiqu esiyinhloko siyafa.
Isizathu: izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu.
Isixazululo: amaqabunga awasakwazi ukulondolozwa, kuyadingeka ukuwasika ngokuphelele futhi kuphakamise izinga lokushisa lekamelo.
- Izifo zokukhunta.
Izimpawu: kuvezwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene - kungadala ukubola kwezimpande, izinkinga ngamahlamvu noma isiqu.
Isixazululo: udinga ukucabanga ukuthi imaphi amaphutha enziwa lapho unakekela isitshalo futhi usilungisa.
Izinambuzane
- I-Rhododendron bug.
Lesi sinambuzane esincane esinamaphiko, osayizi baso abalinganiselwa ku-3 mm. Ngasemuva kwamaqabunga ubeka izibungu, okuthi lapho zisakhiwa zikhiphe lonke ujusi kumaqabunga.
- Azalea Moth.
Amacimbi alo aqothula amaqabunga bese amamba kuwo. Ukuze uqede le nkinga, ungafafaza isitshalo ngesibabule ususe wonke amaqabunga awonakele.
- Imikhaza
Ukunaka! Kulesi sitshalo, izinhlobo ezintathu zezinhlobo zazo zingahlakazeka - zibomvu, sitrobheli nesicabucabu. Imibungu yabo nezibungu zishwabadela ngokuphelele zonke izingxenye zesitshalo. Ukuwathola akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba bakhetha ingemuva kweshidi njengendawo abasuka kuyo.
Zonke izinhlobo zezilokazane ezingabonakala esihlahleni se-Rhododendron zizosizwa ngama-insecticides akhethekile athengiswa ezitolo zezimbali nezindawo zezimbali.
Ezinye izinkinga
Izinkinga ze-Azalea zingokwemvelo ehlukile. Iningi lazo libangelwa ukunakekelwa okungafanele. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, ngokweqile ngokweqile, ukubola kwezimpande kungenzeka, uma ungakuqapheli ngesikhathi, isitshalo sizofa.
Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kubangela ukushiswa yilanga ngendlela yamabala ansundu ngamaqabunga athambile. Ukuvimbela konke lokhu, awukho nowodwa umthetho wokunakekela i-Rhododendron okufanele unganakwa.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukutshala nokunakekela i-Rhododendron shrub kuyinkimbinkimbi impela, kufanele kuthengwe ngabathandi bezimbali zasendlini. Ngemuva kwakho konke, akubona abameleli bezimbali abaningi abakwazi ukuqhakaza ngesikhathi sonyaka esibandayo, sikhanyise impilo yansuku zonke ngemibala egqamile futhi banezela injabulo nokukhanya endlini. Ukuqhakaza kwabo ngeke kushiye noma ngubani ongenandaba.Umuntu kufanele ayiphathe ngokucophelela futhi imbali izokwazisa umnikazi wayo ngokushesha ngokuqhakaza okumnandi nokunamakha.
