I-Echinacea purpurea iyisitshalo esiqinile esiyaziwayo ngenxa yokuphulukiswa kwayo. Phakathi kwezinye izinzuzo zezimbali ukuzithoba kwayo esikhathini sokukhula. Cabanga ngezici ze-Echinacea purpurea, uma ukutshala nokumnakekela kwenziwa ekwakheni.
Incazelo ye-botanical
I-Herbaceous Perennial yafika kithi evela eNyakatho Melika, lapho kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kwakuhlonishwa khona izimfanelo zokuphulukisa. Ukuphakama kwalo kuvela ku-50 kuya ku-120 cm.
Kusuka ku-stalks ezibomvu ezinama-rhizome ezinamahlumela amaningi aqalayo. Amaqabunga esitshalo sefomu elenziwe ngeqanda liyancipha kancane, ngamaphuzu akhomba emaphethelweni. Amashidi angaphansi avulekile futhi anzima, anezinhlawulo ezincane, ahlangene ekhoneni.
Ibhasikidi elikhulu lama-apical (13-15 cm ububanzi) lihlukaniswa ngamathoyizi aphakathi kombala obomvu nombala obomvu, afinyelela ku-4 cm ubude. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza siqala ngonyaka wesibili futhi sihlala ezinyangeni ezingu-2-2.5 (kusukela ngoJulayi kuya kumaviki okuqala ekwindla).
Kubalulekile! Ijusi elitholakala kwi-inflorescences elisha liphuthumisa ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda. Ngalokhu ukwelashwa, i-clots yegazi ngokushesha.Ekupheleni kwehlobo kuze kube semkhatsini we-autumn, i-Echinacea iveza izithelo, inikeza ama-achenes abomvu.
Khulisa izithombo noma ukuhlwanyela endaweni evulekile. Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya, kodwa simelana nesithwathwa. Ikakhulukazi ethathwe kahle enhlabathini emanzi.
Ukuhlakulela esimweni sezulukazi (Central Europe) ezindaweni eziseningizimu nasezintabeni.
Imibandela Yokukhula
Njengezinye izimbali, i-echinacea esikhathini sokuqala sokuthuthukiswa kuzodinga ukunamathela eminye imithetho. Lokhu kusebenza ngokuyinhloko emmodi womhlaba nokukhanya.
Inhlabathi ekhulayo
Azikho izicelo ezikhethekile zembali eqinile. Ifanelekile njengoba ithengwe enhlanganisweni yomhlabathi wesitolo, futhi umhlaba uvunwa ngokuzimela. Kodwa, isibonelo, sandstone akuyona into enhle.
Izimbali zase-Echinacea ezibomvu zihlanganiswa ngokumangalisayo embhede wombala ngeziqu ze-derbum, i-astilbe yamaShayina, i-Stahis Hammelo, i-Liatrice ne-Gerardi lobelia, i-aconite, i-shades ye-shades yomhlonyane, i-monard ne-phlox ye-paniculata.Ingxube yomhlabathi kumele ibe ne-fluff futhi ilula, ithole umswakama kahle futhi idlule umoya. Uku-disinfection kwangaphambi futhi akulimazi: i-substrate ingaphathwa ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate (i-0.5 amagremu we-permanganate ngamalitha angu-1 amanzi).
Uyazi? Abantu baseYurophu bahlangana nale mbali ngekhulu le-17. Kwaphela iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili, kwakubhekwa njengento yokuhlobisa kuphela, futhi kwaba ngama-1870 kuphela lapho bebheka izakhiwo ezazuzisa empilweni yabantu.Enye indlela elula yokulungisa, kodwa engasiyo njalo iwukushiya isikhwama noma amakhasethi anomhlaba ekugcineni kwezinga lokushisa ngesonto nengxenye. Kodwa-ke, ngomhlabathi ojwayelekile, othathwe ku-cottage, lesi silinganiso singase singabi nalutho (kungcono ukusingatha isixazululo).
Izidingo zokukhanyisa
Ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kuzodinga ilanga. Esikhathini esiteji sezithombo ezikhulayo ngokuvamile zibeka izibani ze-fluorescent zokukhanyisa okwengeziwe. Okuvamile, nakuba kunamandla, ama-light akuzona njalo ezifanele lapha.
Amahlumela kanye nentsha (kuze kube yonyaka ongu-1) izitshalo ezimweni zethu akunzima ukubekezelela umthunzi, ngakho izimbali eziseduze akufanele zimboze i-Echinacea. Yebo, nezitshalo ezindala kungcono ukunikeza indawo ehlukile ezweni.
Ukuma kwezimbali ze-evecex ze-echinacea kuzohlanganiswa ne-flat, isambulela-inflorescences ye-stonecrop, i-stevia, i-inflorescences eyindilinga yama-anyanisi.
Ukutshala i-echinacea
Njengoba banqume ukuhilela ukutshala imbali ewusizo, abaningi bavakashela indlela evivinywa - izithombo. Sifunda ukuthi senzeni kulokhu.
Ukukhula kusuka enzalweni
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuhlwanyela kubhekwa ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari. Le nqubo elula ibonakala kanje:
- Okokuqala, imbewu iphekwe: ngenxa yegobolondo elinzima kakhulu, ixubene emanzini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imbewu ihlanganiswe ngendwangu yesikhumba futhi ifakwe kwi-saucer, lapho ifakwe khona. Kumelwe uthole umoya.
- Lapho beqala "ukuphuza", bathatha isitsha (izinkomishi, amateyipu, amabhokisi) futhi basakaze imbewu ibe yi-substrate ekujuleni okungaba ngu-5-7 mm.
- Phezulu komgodi ofafazwe ngesihlabathi (ungqimba we-1 mm), ulandelwa i-hydration ngebhodi le-spray. Akudingekile ukugcwalisa inhlabathi.
- Kusele ukumboza isitsha ngefilimu bese ubeka endaweni efudumele.
Kubalulekile! Imbewu ivame ukucindezelwa kancane nomdlalo. Ungakwenza lokhu ngeminwe yakho, kodwa ngaphandle kwekhono, ungajulisa kakhulu indaba yokutshala.I-Echinacea purpurea, kanye nokulima kwayo, inesici esisodwa ngokwezinga lokushisa: amahlumela azovela ngisho nangama-13-15 ° C (kuyilapho ama-hybrids amaningi lokhu kungabhubhisa). Izithombo nazo zibekezelela ukushisa kwamakamelo kahle.
Ukunisela kuyancipha ukuze kuthulwe umhlabathi omisiwe, kodwa kungabi ningi. Ngezinye izikhathi ifilimu ivuliwe okwesikhashana, ukuze umhlaba uphefumule (uma izimbiza ziseduze nebhethri noma eminye imithombo yokushisa).
Ungabona izithombo ezinyangeni ezingu-1-1.5. Ukubukeka kwabo kwangaphambili kwezingcingo zethu akuvamile.
Ukukhiqizwa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Indlela inhle, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona isihlahla esikhulile (kusukela eminyakeni emibili kuya kweyine-4-5).
Uyazi? Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 phakathi kwadokotela kwakuyi "echinacea boom" - ikhambi lalinqunyelwe cishe zonke izifo. Le ntshisekelo incike ekufikeni kokwelashwa okunjenge-chemotherapy.Ukutshala okunjalo kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kuze kube sekugcineni amahlumela abe nzima futhi amahlamvu asinayo isikhathi sokuvula. Ukubamba isikhashana, qhubeka:
- Isihlahla siguwe futhi sinqunywe sibe cuttings. Ngamunye wabo kumele abe nezimpande ezizenzekelayo futhi okungenani izinso ezilodwa.
- Bese bebekwa ku-immunostimulant yamanzi ngamahora amaningana. Ungasheshisa inqubo ngokuphatha i-fungicide.
- Etshalwe emhlabathini okhanyayo, impande yempande ayijuli (ihlala phansi). Ukuze uthole i-delenok, ukujula kufanele kube mkhulu kune-rhizome.
I-Echinacea izobukeka kahle phambi kwe-stevie, i-fennel, izinhlobo ezibomvu ezivulekile ze-barberries kanye nezithelo ze-bubble.Ngokunisela okulungile, izimpande ziyokhula ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5, bese ungadlulisela isitshalo endaweni evulekile. Yilungiselele ukuthi unyaka wokuqala we-echinacea enjalo uzoba buthakathaka, futhi uzodinga ukunakekelwa okuthuthukisiwe. Kodwa-ke uzokuthakazelisa ngezimpawu ezikhanyayo.
Ukukhula kwezitshalo zokwelapha emhlabathini ovulekile
Ngaphandle kwendlela yokutshala nge-transplantation eqhubekayo, abalimi abaningi bakhula isitshalo ewusizo ngendlela elula, bahlwanyela imbewu yabo ngokushesha. Kodwa isimo sezulu singashintsha izinhlelo, bese kudingeka sibuyele ezitshalweni.
Kubalulekile! Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, le ndlela ayinakwenzeka ukusebenza. Futhi ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, kuhlale kunengozi yokushisa amaqhwa.Uhlelo lokuhlwanyela luyinto elula - nge-interval of 30 cm kanye nokujula kwe-0.5-1 cm (kanti izithombo ezivuthiwe zidinga imigodi ka-10-15 cm). Umgodi ugcwele ungqimba omncane wensimu yensimu, futhi emva kokuba uphumule ngokushesha uchithelwa futhi uhlanganiswe nefilimu noma i-agrofibre.
Ukuze izitshalo ezindala, ukujula kwe-fossa kwenziwa nge-marginal encane yomsuka.
Izici zokunisela
I-Echinacea idinga ukuchelela okuvamile nokuningi. Kungcono ukugcoba inhlabathi kusihlwa. Kuzo zonke ukungazitholi kwawo, lesi sitshalo sizwela kakhulu ekuphelelweni kwamanzi kanye nesomiso (isizathu siyizimpande ezingajulile).
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa kwenhlabathi
Ukuhlanzwa okudingekayo ngesikhathi esifanele kunokhula. Ngokuvamile i-Echinacea inikezela indawo enqamula izindawo eziseduze lapho ukhula lungena khona.
Inhlabathi enempilo noma i-loam ngokuvamile ayidingi isidlo sokudla ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukuze kube nenhlabathi enesihlabathi, izithako ezenziwe ngeziqu zenziwa ngendlela yokulala emhlabathini noma i-humus.
Uyazi? AmaNdiya asebenzisa izimbali ze-echinacea ukuze zithole izindawo. Izimpande zomiswa kaningi, zidla okusha.Nakhu kubalulekile ukuthi ungalimazi isitshalo - kungcono ukunquma ama-humus ezimpandeni. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, ngakho-ke ukuphuza okungavamile lokhu umanyolo kungashisa inhlabathi bese umisa i-rhizome.
Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokukhishwa kwesikhashana, okuzoqinisekisa ukugeleza komoya emoyeni.
Imithetho yokudla
I-Echinacea kudingeka ihlele ukudla konyaka. Ukukhula okuhle kakhulu kwenziwa kabili - entwasahlobo nangemva kokubhakabhaka. Ngonyaka wesibili bese bethela umlotha nge-compost ebolile ukuze kube nezimbali eziluhlaza kakhulu.
Kukhona iphuzu elibalulekile: uma kudingeka imbali ukususa izinto zokuphulukisa, sebenzisa indaba ephilayo kuphela. I-nitrojeni, i-potashi, i-phosphate fertilizer ayifanele izinhloso ezinjalo, njenganoma iyiphi enye imithi yamaminerali. Umhlabathi ompofu uzothatha futhi umquba, futhi awulimazi impilo.
Ukudubula
Ekwindla sekwephuzile, iziqu ziyanqunywa, futhi impande yentamo ilulawa kalula nge-compost. Uma ekwindla yayifudumele, khona-ke uzobona ukuthi imbewu ivuthwe kwi-inflorescences yokuqala.
Kubalulekile! Echinacea ukwakha usizo nge ukuphelelwa isikhathi eside nokucindezeleka. Ukubonisana okudingekayo kwezokwelapha.Ukuphepha kungcono ukumboza izitshalo ezincane ngamaqabunga. Izimo ezindala azidingi lokhu.
Ukuvuna nokomisa izinto zokwelapha zokwelapha
Izitshalo ze-Biennial sezivele zifanelekile ngezinhloso zokwelapha.
Amahlamvu, izimbali neziqu ziqoqwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Ngalesi sikhathi, baqoqa inani eliphakeme lemithamo. Batshelwa ukuba banqunywe ekuseni lapho amazolo ephela ngokuphelele.
Gcina izinto ezinjalo ezindaweni ezimnyama, ezomile (esiteji esingaphansi noma esingaphansi kwegazi). Izimbali zingomiswa ngokwehlukana, zisakaze ematheni kwendwangu eyodwa.
Ekupheleni kwenkathi yokukhula yonyaka, ekwindla, hlanganisa izimpande. Bahlanza, basuse izinqubo ezigulayo. Ukomisa noma iyiphi indawo eyomile kufanelekile. Ungakwazi ngisho ukufaka kuhhavini, ukubeka izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu kwama-60 ° C.
Ensimini yakho, ungakhula izitshalo zokwelapha ezifana ne-basil, i-Lyubka-amaqabunga amabili, i-rose rose, umhlonyane, i-zizifus, i-catnip, i-linden, i-medunitsya, i-mint, i-lemon balm, i-sage yemithi, i-lovage.
Zonke lezi zinto zokugcina zigcina izakhiwo zokuphulukisa iminyaka emibili. Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izithako ezihlukahlukene, amafutha okugcoba, ngisho nanjengezithako zokuqinisa itiye.
I-Echinacea purpurea ikhulile kusuka kumbewu, emva kokuvuna kusiza nge:
- umkhuhlane nomkhuhlane;
- i-blood poisoning;
- ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi we-urinary nokusebenza kwesibindi;
- isifo sikashukela;
- ukutholakala kwezinsimbi ezinzima emzimbeni;
- izilonda zesikhumba nokushisa.
Uyazi? Ekhulwini le-18, ama-Echinacea iziqu asetshenziselwa ukuphatha amahhashi omjaho.
Ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yimaphi amakhambi omuntu, cabanga ngemibono engaphikisana. I-Echinacea ibuye nayo:
- i-leukemia;
- i-atherosclerosis;
- izifo ezixhumene nezicubu;
- isifo sofuba;
- noma yiziphi izifo ezizimele.
Sibonile ukuthi i-echinacea eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ayiyona into ejabulisayo iso, kepha ingaba nenzuzo uma sibheka ukwelashwa ngokuhlakanipha. Azikho ubunzima ekukhuleni, futhi amakhono amancane adingekayo - wonke umuntu uzobhekana nalokhu. Ukuphumelela kuwe!
