Ukutshala yisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu sokulima.
Uma kukhiqizwa ngokungalungile, isivuno esihle sizovuthwa isikhathi eside, noma, cishe kungenzeka, ungalindelanga ukuvuna nhlobo.
Indlela yokukhetha isikhathi sokufika
Ngakho-ke, umbuzo wokuqala uvela kumgadi oyisivini ofuna ukutshala umuthi: kungcono nini ukutshala ikhasi eliphakathi kwentwasahlobo? Ezindaweni eziseningizimu, le nkinga ixazululwa lula - kuyasiza kakhulu ukutshala ekwindla, ngoba kunzima kakhulu ukugxila ensikeni ngesikhathi esishisayo sasehlobo. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, konke kubuye kube nokungafani: kushicilelwa ukutshala, kungenjalo ebusika isiflethi sizoqhwafa futhi sife.
Yini izakhamuzi zasehlobo ezihlala emgwaqeni ophakathi? Lapha sidinga ukulinganisa kahle izinzuzo nezingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutshala kwentwasahlobo ukuthi akudingi ukukhathazeka mayelana namaqhwa angenzeka. Ehlobo nasekwindla, lesi sitshalo sithola amandla, siba namandla, futhi kulula ukuba sisinde ebusika ngaphansi kwesiphephelo esikhethekile. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi sekwindla singaziqhayisa ngesinye inzuzo: ngalesi sikhathi ukukhethwa okukhulu kwezithombo kuhlinzekwa, futhi izitshalo zekwindla zihlukaniswa kakhulu ngokumelana nokuqina kwesithwathwa. 
Entwasahlobo, kungcono ukutshala isihlahla esizayo phakathi nonyaka - kusukela ngo-Ephreli 20 ukuya ku-30.
Izici zokukhula
Ngokuvamile, umuthi utshalwe entwasahlobo, lapho isimo sezulu sifudumele ngokwanele, futhi ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa alindelekile. Isikhathi sokufika sikhethwe kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi kuya ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Konke kuncike endaweni yesimo sezulu.
Kubalulekile! Hokudingekayo ukutshala izithombo ngaphambi kwenkathi ekhulayo - ngamanye amazwi, ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga aqhakaze ngesikhathi sokuphola.
Ukubaluleka kokukhanyisa
Ngokuvamile ukutshala amapheya kukhethwa indawo ekhanyayo kakhulu enhlabathini eyomile neyomhlaba. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni izihlahla esikhathini esizayo. Ukuvota impova kwakugcwele, kubalulekile ukutshala endaweni enelanga lapho kunezinhlobonhlobo eziqhakaza ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kufanelekele izinqubo ezinhle zokwenziwa komzimba nokuthuthukiswa kwepeyari substrate evulekile okuyinto engavumeli amanzi amaningi nomoya, kugcina umswakama endaweni yempande. 
Izidingo zomhlaba
Izithelo zithuthuka kangcono emhlabathini ocebile izakhi. Ungalimi ithini lamapheya ezindaweni eziphansi. Ezindaweni ezinjalo, ngokuvamile amanzi angaphansi komhlaba aphezulu, futhi lokhu ngemuva kwesikhathi sasebusika kunomthelela omubi esitshalweni.
I-pear ayithandi izindawo ezimnyama kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ukutshala umuthi omncane, kufanele uzame ukukhetha indawo ukuze ibanga elivela endlini yezwe lingamamitha ayi-3.
Kubalulekile! Isikimu sokutshala amaphuzu kufanele sibonakale kanje: ibanga elifanele phakathi kwamahlumela amancane lingama-5-6 amamitha.
Ubuchwepheshe bokufika
Ukutshala kwenziwa emigodini elungiselelwe ngokukhethekile, eguguwe, ecatshangelwa uhlelo lwempande lomuthi: izimpande kufanele zifakwe ngokukhululekile, ngaphandle kwama-creases. Ukutshala ekwindla, ukumba imbobo emavikini angu-1-2. Ukuze entwasahlobo - lungiselela ekwindla.
Uyazi? Kungcono isivuno, ezincane izithelo ezihlahleni. Ngokuvamile zikhulu kakhulu emthini omncane, ngoba amapheya athwalwa njalo ngonyaka, alula futhi avuselele umqhele.
Ukulungiselela isithombo
Umhlaba wezithombo ezilungiselelwe kusengaphambili ngoSepthemba no-Okthoba. Kufika ku-6 kilograms yomanyolo osebenzayo isetshenziselwa imitha eyodwa yendawo yomhlabathi, kuze kube ngu-60 amagremu we-superphosphate ejwayelekile, ama-gramu angu-15 we-potassium sulfate. Umanyolo usatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kulo lonke isayithi, bese ugujwa ngaphezulu ngefosholo.
Ngaphambi kokuba ubeke umquba emgodini olungiselelwe, udinga ukusabalalisa izimpande zomuthi futhi uphakamise ngenhlabathi, ukuze ingxenye engenhla yezimpande ibe ngamasentimitha angu-5 ngaphezulu kwezinga lomhlabathi. Izithombo ziyagubha izikhathi ezimbalwa kangangokuthi azikho izikhala phakathi kwempande nomhlabathi. 
Ukusinda okusheshayo kwenzalo, inhlabathi enokondla ingezwe emgodini kanye ne-humus, i-potassium sulfate ne-superphosphate. Ezindaweni ezinomhlabathi obanzi phakathi kwe-fossa, ungakwazi ukwengeza ngaphezu kwesihlabathi somhlabathi ogcwele umfula.
Indlela yokulungisa umgodi
Umgodi ugobiwe ngezilinganiso ezinjalo: amasentimitha angama-80 ububanzi kanye namasentimitha angama-70 ajulile. Ukumba ngezindonga ezinkulu kuyenziwa: ungqimba oluvundile luphonswa emuva kolunye uhlangothi nobumba kwesinye. I-Humus, i-sod enomhlabathi ophezulu, umanyolo uchithelwa emgodini, futhi i-mound idalwa. I-Humus ne-peat izogcwalisa umhlabathi ngezakhi zomzimba futhi kwandise umthamo we-looseness.
Ukondla amapheya kuyasiza ukusiza ngosizo lwe-nitrogen equkethe umanyolo: i-urea noma i-nitre, ngezinye izikhathi umquba wezinkukhu usetshenziswa.Uma kunesidingo, inhlabathi yezithombo eziphathwe ngamagremu angu-500 we-lime ngehora elilodwa lesikwele, kuye ngokuthi i-asidi kanye nokwakhiwa kwenhlabathi. Ingxenye enkulu yomthamo ulawulwa ekwindla, kanti konke okunye entwasahlobo. Izibambo zezintambo zibiwe futhi ziphinde zigcwaliswe ekwindla ngokuvumelana nesimiso esifana nezihlahla ze-apula.
Indlela yokutshala ipheya entwasahlobo
Ukutshala umuthi wesithelo akuyona inqubo enzima, uma ulandela ukulandelana okulungile. Kukhona isinyathelo esifushane ngesimiso sezinyathelo zendlela yokutshala ipheya entwasahlobo:
- Dweba imbobo ehambisana nobukhulu be-seedling.
- Umgodi kumele ugcwale umanyolo kanye nama-humus, uwaxube nomhlabathi.
- Okulandelayo kufanele ukushayela imbobo emgodini.
- Spread izimpande, tshala isihlahla emgodini.
- Vala umhlabathi, uphonswe kahle, ukuze ungadluli umoya.
- Snap isihlahla esihlahleni.
- Ngemuva kokuphela komsebenzi oyinhloko, imbobo idalwe ukuchelela, futhi i-peat ithululelwa.
Iphayari ingatshalwa eduze nendawo lapho ipulazi ekhule khona ngaphambili, i-cherry noma i-cherry.Cabanga ngenqubo yokufika ngokuningiliziwe.
Kudingekile ukuba usuke enkabeni yomgodi olungiselelwe 30 cm, ukushayela isigxobo sezingodo. Isigxobo kufanele siqhutshekwe ukusuka ohlangothini oluseningizimu ukuvikela isithombo sokushisa ngosuku olusenyakatho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhonkwane sigcina ukuzinza kwesihlahla esisibhakabhaka esinomoya oqinile. Ukuphakama kwalo kufinyelela ku-sprig ephansi ye-sapling, cishe ngo-50 cm. Isithombo sitshalwe eduze kwesigxobo ngakwesenyakatho, zonke izimpande zisabalalisa ngokucophelela. Ulale ngothuli olukhuni, luhlwitha kahle. Lapho uthululela umhlaba, udinga ukuzama ukusikhipha isithombo ukuze imiswe ngokuqinile, ngakho kunzima ukuyikhipha ngokusebenzisa amandla. 
Okulandelayo, isitshalo sesitshalo kumele sithinte kancane ekusekeleni. Yenza umgodi oyingqayizivele, usebenzise amanzi ngokukhululekile. Okokugcina, udinga ukuthungqela umbuthano. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-mulch izungeze sonke isizini. Ungasebenzisa umquba owengeziwe, utshani obunamanzi kanye nama-humus.
Izimvu, inyama yengulube, inkomo, unogwaja kanye nomquba wehhashi kungasetshenziselwa ukutshala izithombo.Uma inhlabathi iphela, udinga ukuyithululela, njengoba lokhu kuzoholela ekuqotheni kwezimpande. Ukutshala okujulile kwesihlahla kubangelwa izifo ze-pear, ngisho nokufa.
Ngemuva kokutshala isitsha esizungeze umuthi omncane, badala imbobo encane ngamasentimitha angama-25, okudingekile ukuchelela. Futhi emva kokuphuza, umgodi ugcwele i-peat noma i-humus ukuze kulondolozwe umswakama wenhlabathi. 
Uhlelo lokutshala izithombo zamaparele
Ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla ngokuqondile lixhomeke esitokisini lapho leli peyari lihlanganiswa khona. Uma umuthi uhlanganiswa esitokisini esakhulayo, khona-ke ukutshala kunendlela elandelayo: amamitha amahlanu phakathi kwemithi elandelanayo namamitha ayi-6 phakathi kwemigqa. Uma igonywe emanzini amancane - uhlelo luhlelwe ngamamitha angu-5 ngamamitha angu-5, emanzini - 3 ngamamitha angu-4. Abalimi abaningi benza ukutshala kwesihlahla esinomsoco kangangokuthi kunezinhlobonhlobo, kodwa uma ikhasi likhula, linomthelela omubi ekuthuthukiseni, futhi kufanele ususe okungaphezu kwalokho.
Uyazi? Amaqanda enkukhu emgodini wokutshala isikhathi eside azonikeza umuthi omncane izakhi, ngakho-ke akusadingeki sikhathazeke ngokudla. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, amaqanda wonke angafakwa esikhundleni segobolondo.
Emvacare ensimini
Cishe konke ukukhathalela umuthi omncane kuhlaselwa ekutheni ukuthambisa nokukhipha umqhele. Udinga ukubukela ngokucophelela ukuze ukhula lungagcini, futhi ngenxa yalokhu kuyadingeka ukukhulula inhlabathi. Ukhula luyisitshalo sokuzalanisa ama-apidi, ethanda ukudla ijusi lezithombo ezincane. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlala ukhula umhlabathi emva kokuphuza.
Kuyoba okuthakazelisayo ukuzijwayeza indlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane eziphakathi kwezilwane.Eminyakeni yokuqala, umuthi udinga ukondliwa, ngoba umanyolo akwanele kulokhu. Ukuze inhlabathi ingabe iyomile futhi inganciphisi ukuthuthukiswa kwenzalo, lesi sihlahla sinamanzi okushisa. Uma lesi sihlahla singenawo umswakama ehlobo, sizoqala ukuvuthwa ekuqaleni, futhi izithelo ziyoba ezincane kunalokho okufanele zibe khona. Ngakho-ke, ungayinaki ukunakekelwa futhi ulandele izincomo ukuze ube nokuvunwa okuphezulu futhi okuhlwabusayo.
