Ezindaweni ezisemaphandleni, abalimi abaningi benqaba ukugcina abantu befuna ukudla kanye nezimo zemfuyo, futhi balethe izimvu ezingakwazi ngisho nokudla ezindaweni ezigwadule.
Okulandelayo, funda ngokuqondene nokondla izimvu ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Futhi cabanga ngokunceliswa kwezilwane ezincane nezimvu ekuhlanganiseni.
Okufanele ukondle izimvu ekhaya: isisekelo sokudla
Ukuze isilwane sikhule ngokugcwele futhi sibe nempilo, ukudla kwayo kufanele kufake izinhlobo ezahlukene zokudla okuphezulu.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ukudla okune-succulent kune-calorie ephansi, izingxenye ezinamanzi ezinamanzi ezitshalo ezicebile fiber.
Utshani
Esikhathini esifudumele, izimvu zidinga utshani obusha. Ukwenza lokhu, akhululwa ngokudla, ekhetha izindawo ezomile ze-steppe, kunokuba kunezikhukhula noma izindlu ezingaphezu kwamanzi eduze kwemizimba yamanzi. Izimvu azidli nje kuphela ezithambile, utshani obunamanzi, kodwa nezihlahla ezinamehlo ezihlukahlukene, kanye namahlumela amancane amahlumela. Uma utshani buya ephuzi futhi buba khona, izilwane kudingeka zenziwe ngokweqile ngemifino yamagilebhisi noma okusanhlamvu. 
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi nsuku zonke imvu kufanele idle okungenani 1 kg utshani nge-100 kg isisindo somzimbaukuze inzuzo yesisindo igcinwe.
Kubalulekile! Awunakudla izinkomo ezilambile ekuseni noma ngemuva kwemvula ezindaweni lapho kunezinhlayiya. Uma isilwane sidla utshani obunamanzi esiswini esingenalutho, khona-ke sizovuthwa.
ISilo
I-Silo yiziqabunga ezivutshiwe, iziqu kanye neziqongqo zezitshalo.
I-Silo ikuvumela ukuthi uxazululwe izinkinga ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa: gcina ukondla ngesikhathi sokubandayo, futhi unikeze isilwane esinobuhle besotshani. Ukuze ukondle izimvu ze-silage, izikhwebu zommbila zivame ukufakwa.
Omunye umuntu udla kuze kufike ku-4 kg we-silage ngosuku, ngakho-ke, phambi kwemfuyo emikhulu, izitshalo ezivutshiwe kudingeka zilungiswe kakhulu.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokudla kwe-silage: ukuvunwa kwe-silage nesitoreji, izitshalo ezingcono kakhulu ze-silage: ummbila, amabele.
Umsuka namaGourds
Izitshalo zomsuka kanye namakhabe agcwalisa umzimba wesilwane ngamavithamini, amaminerali kanye ne-fiber. Esikhathini esibandayo, isilwane sinenkinga yokudla okunomsoco, ngakho-ke lezi mikhiqizo zizogcwalisa futhi zilinganise ukudla kwansuku zonke. 
Kusetshenziswa imifino impande (ikakhulukazi izaqathe kanye ne-beet). Ungondla kokubili imifino ehlanzekile nemifino ebilisiwe. Ukhetho lwesibili aluvumelekile, ngoba ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kubonakala ukubhujiswa kwamakhemikhali amaningi ayigugu. Kuze kube ngu 4 kg wezimpande izitshalo ngamunye kufanele unikezwe ngosuku.
Funda futhi mayelana nezinhlobo ezivamile, ukutshala nokunakekela isithombo sebhitrudi sefolda.
Kuzo ikhabe izitshalo Kufanelekile ukugqamisa i-zucchini ne-ithanga. Iphunga ilondolozwe kangcono, kanti futhi inesisindo esikhulu samavithamini ekubunjweni, ngakho-ke kulula. Nika izilwanyana izilwanyana kufanele zibe zihlanzekile, zilandelwe.
Ukudla okumbi
Ukudla okunomsoco utshani obomile obunamathelefriji namaminerali, ngakho-ke kufanele ufakwe ekudleni kwezimvu zansuku zonke.
Uhlobo
Uhlobo luyi-roughage eyigugu kakhulu, ngoba ayinakho amavithamini, amaprotheni amancane kakhulu namaminerali, kanye ne-fiber eminingi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukudla okunje kugcwala kuphela ngo-40-50%. 
Uhlobo oluyigugu kakhulu:
- ipea;
- ibhali;
- i-oats;
- isilwane.
Usitshani webolweni alufani nesevisi, ngoba iqukethe amaprotheni amancane kathathu kunesikhala.
Funda futhi ngezinhlobo zezimvu: Kuibyshev, Gissar, Edilbaev, merino (ukuzalwa, ukuzala), dorper, Romney-march, Texel, Katum.
Hay
Hay yiyona feed main ngenkathi ebandayo, ngakho izinga layo kanye nenani kumele bahlangabezane nezidingo zezilwane. Umuntu oyedwa ngosuku adle kuze kufike ku-4 kg we-hay.
Grass hay kubhekwa njengenani eliyigugu kakhulu.okwakuhlwanyelwe ngesikhathi sezimbali. Lezi zitshalo zihlanganisa i-alfalfa, i-clover, i-peas zasendle. Ukwakhiwa kwalezi zitshalo kuhlanganisa izinto eziningi ezidingekayo ezisiza ukuqinisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela kanye nokuthuthukisa imetabolism. 
Senazh
I-Haylage yizingxenye eziluhlaza zezitshalo eziwusizo, okwenziwa ngenkathi ukomisa kungabi namaphesenti angaba ngu-50%. Ukuphepha kwabo kuqinisekiswa ngokufaka imigodi emakhemikhali akhethekile. Lezo zitshalo ezinzima noma ezingenakwenzeka ukubeka i-silage (izitshalo kanye nezitshalo) zivunyelwe ukufaka ama-haylage.
I-Haylage isetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni sehhishi noma isithasiselo sokudla. Kwezinye izimo, ukudla okunjalo kungashintshwa yi-silage, kodwa kudingeke ukuba sikhumbule ukuthi isililage yikudla okunomsoco, kanti ama-haylage aqinile.
Uyazi? Izimvu zithembele kakhulu emphakathini, ngakho-ke isilwane esilula siwela esimweni sokukhathazeka, okuyinto ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuholela ekwenzeni ukudla.
Ukudla okuxubile
Ukudla okugcizelelwe kukuvumela ukuba ulinganise ukudla kwekhalori yokudla kwansuku zonke, kanye nokunikeza izilwane inani elidingekayo lamaprotheni. Ngenxa yezindleko eziphezulu zokudla okunjalo, ngeke isetshenziswe njengesisekelo sokudla, nakuba ivumela izimvu ukuba zithole konke ezikudingayo. 
I-Core igxila:
- okusanhlamvu (ibhali, oats, ukolweni);
- i-legumes (i-peas, i-vetch, ubhontshisi, i-lentils, i-lupine, i-chickpeas, i-espartit, njll);
- ikhekhe le-sunflower;
- umugqa;
- ummbila (ogcwele noma ochotshoziwe);
- ukudla okukhethekile.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ukondle izimvu, kungcono ukuthenga i-peas ekhethekile yokudla noma ubhontshisi befolda.
Ukudla okugxilisiwe kubaluleka ngamaphesenti amakhulu amaprotheni, amafutha, amavithamini ahlukahlukene kanye namaminerali. Umuntu oyedwa ngosuku kufanele anikezwe ku-0.5 kg wegxila.
Amaminerali Amaminerali
Njengoba izithasiselo zamaminerali ezisetshenzisiwe usawoti, isikhala kanye nesidlo senyama.
Usawoti kusiza ukugcina ibhalansi yamanzi, ngakho-ke, umuntu omdala kufanele adliwe 10-15 g wezimayini zamaminerali nsuku zonke. 
I-Chalk ne-bone meal iyimithombo ye-calcium ne-phosphoric acid. Lezi zakhi ziyadingeka ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni umgogodla wezimvu, ngakho-ke zikhonjelwa eziqukathi ezihlukene. Zonke izimvu kufanele zibe nokufinyelela kumaminerali 24/7.
Amanzi
Esikhathini esifudumele, lapho izimvu zichitha isikhathi esiningi sokudla, kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela ukuchelela. Izilwane zibekezelela kakhulu ukungabi namanzi kunokudla.
Kubalulekile! Akunakwenzeka ukuhambisa izimvu emanzini amile. Lokhu kungathinta impilo yabo.
Esikhathini esibandayo, lapho kugxila kakhulu nokudla okunamandla ekudleni, izimvu kudingeka zinikezwe amanzi amaningi (akufanele kubanda). Kuwo wonke ama-kilogram wendaba eyomile kufanele ibe ngamalitha amathathu amanzi. Ukushisa kwe-fluid akufanele kuwele ngezansi + 8 ° C, ngaphandle kwalokho izilwane ziyobamba umkhuhlane.
Imfuneko yamanzi nsuku zonke yesikhumba esidala i-4-5 l. 
Umehluko wokudla ngokuya ngesikhathi sonyaka
Kunomyalelo othile wokusetshenziswa kokuphakelayo. Ekuseni nasebusuku, izimvu kudingeka zinikezwe ukudla okuncane okunomsoco, futhi ukudla okuphezulu kwekhalori kufanele kudliwe emini. Utshani nenye ifolishi enomsoco inikelwa ngaphambi kokuchelela, futhi igxila kanye ne-hay ngemuva. Kubalulekile futhi ukwakha kahle ukudla, kuye ngezikhathi zonyaka.
Bheka izinhlobo zezimvu zobisi, inyama kanye noboya.
Spring
Ngentwasahlobo ipulazi ngalinye libhekene nokuntuleka kokudla okomile futhi ligxila, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukudlulisela izimvu utshani ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Kulesi simo, kufanele ulandele imithetho, ngaphandle kwalokho bonke abantu bayoba nokuncipha kwamathumbu emathunjini, okuyinto engalungile kakhulu kwabancane.
Ukuqeda ukusabela okungathandeki emaphethweni omzimba, kuyadingeka ukunikeza ufulawa noma u-haylage ezimvu ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Kubalulekile futhi ukwandisa izinga lansuku zonke lokugxila ku-500-700 amagremu. Lokhu kuzonciphisa inani lokusetshenziswa kotshani, ngakho-ke emibhangqwaneni yokuqala izimvu zizojwayela kancane ukudla okunamanzi. 
Ihlobo
Akukho ukuntula utshani ehlobo, ngakho-ke ama-85% we-ration yansuku zonke kufanele abe okuphakelayo okusha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukuthi isilwane ngasinye sikwazi ukunikeza cishe 200 g wokugxila ngosuku ukuze kuqedwe ukulahlekelwa isisindo (utshani alufani ngekhalori). Futhi, ngenkathi uhlala esitokisini, izimvu zinikezwa inani elincane lezinkuni (kuze kufike ku-1 kg ngamunye).
Hlola imihlahlandlela yokudla amadlelo.
Ngokuphathelene namanzi, kudinga kancane kakhulu. Ngenkathi kudla, izilwane ziphuza emzimbeni wamanzi wemvelo, kanti ngenkathi ziphumula esitokisini, kuwanele ukubeka amalitha amaningana amanzi (kumuntu ngamunye) ukuze emva kokudla udle izimvu azizwa ukoma. 
I-autumn
Ngasekuqaleni kwekwindla, kusengakwazi ukudla imfuyo, kodwa ukubaluleka kwamakhambi kunciphisa nsuku zonke, ngakho kubalulekile ukufaka kancane ufulawa, imifino ekudleni, kanye nokwandisa inani lokudla okugxilisiwe.
Njalo izimvu ngosuku zidela u-3 kg wezinga eliphakeme le-hay, futhi kufinyelele ku-4 kg yemifino eqoshiwe. Ungafaka futhi ku-silo yokudla.
Ebusika
Utshani obusha ekudleni buqotshwa ngokuphelele yi-feed eyamafutha, imifino futhi igxila. Umuntu ngamunye omdala udinga ukunikezwa u-4 kg we-hay nesilayi ngosuku, cishe ama-300 g wokugxila, futhi kuze kufike ku-4 kg wezitshalo zempande noma i-melon. 
Kubalulekile! Kuwo wonke unyaka, udinga ukunikeza izithako zamaminerali esilinganisweni esilinganiselwe. Ukungabi nosawoti noma i-calcium akuhlanganiswa nokusetshenziswa kwamakhambi noma ukudla kwezilwane.
Amazinga nokudla esikhathini esiyingqayizivele
Ngokuya ngobulili, ubudala nobujamo besilwane, ukudla kungashintshwa. Lezi zici kufanele zicatshangelwe ukuze zingaphazamisi impilo yesilwane futhi zihlinzekele umzimba wayo nakho konke okudingekayo.
Amawesifazane
Ngokuxuba kufanele kuvunyelwe ukuthi yizinsikazi, ezinamafutha ajwayelekile. Ukwenza lokhu, amaviki ayisithupha ngaphambi kokuba uhlangane, kuyadingeka ukwandisa inani le-caloric yansuku zonke ngamayunithi angu-0.2-0.3 amafolda (1 cu ilingana no-1 kg we-oats yezinhlamvu).
Ewe ukudla kwasebusika:
- i-roughage - 35-45%;
- ukudla okunomsoco - 35-45%;
- feed okugxilwe - 20-30%.
Ebusika, izilwane zondliwa ngezinga eliphakeme lezinkukhu, u-haylage, u-silage. Udoti, ugxila, kanye nemifino isetshenziselwa ukondla okwengeziwe. 
Imenyu cishe yansuku zonke ngesikhathi sokubusika nobusika:
- 500-800 g we-hay okusanhlamvu;
- 2.5-3 kg we-silage nezitshalo zezimpande;
- 500 g of utshani;
- 250-300 g yokudla okugxilisiwe.
Ehlobo, isilwane sigcwalisa ngokugcwele izidingo zayo ngenxa yobuncani obukhula emadlelweni. Kuphela uma i-ewe ithwala izithelo eziningana noma isondla abasha ngobisi, kufanele imenyu yosuku ikhuliswe nge-300-400 g yokudla okugxilisiwe.
Amathiphu abalimi bezimvu ezimnandi: kanjani ukwenza imvu yezimvu ngokwakho, izimvu zezimvu; izinqubo zokukhetha abadlali bezimvu.
Umenzi we-Ram
Ukuze izinqama zezimvu zibe njalo ngendlela efanele, kumele zidle ukudla kwansuku zonke kwama-1.8 okuphakelayo. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, isilwane sisebenzisa amandla amaningi izikhathi eziningi, ngakho-ke inani lokudla okunomsoco lisaqhubeka (kuze kube ngu-2.3 ke.).
Amaviki ayisithupha ngaphambi kokukhulisana, izinqama ziqala ukondla kanzima, ngakho-ke ngesikhathi sokubuthwa ziphelile kahle futhi zinamandla.
Ukudla kwe-autumn-ebusika:
- i-roughage - 30-40%;
- ukudla okunomsoco - 20-25%;
- igxila - 40-45%.
I-hay eyenziwe ngamakhambi ayigugu, utshani utshani, kanye ne-haylage zifanelekile njenge-roughage. Kufika ku-3 kg we-hay ngamunye ngamunye kufanele unikezwe ngosuku. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo enjalo, u-haylage nofulawa basebenzisa, njengendlela yokugcina yokugcina, kusetshenziselwa utshani obuncane. 
Njengoba ingxenye yengxenye yansuku zonke isondlo esiphezulu, kudingeka ukuthi inikezwe ngo-0.8-1.2 kg. Le mali izokwanela ukuhlinzeka nge-caloric oyifunayo.
Ukusila nokutshala izitshalo kusetshenziswa njengefodder.
Ukudla ngesikhathi sokulinganisa:
- okusanhlamvu noma ubhontshisi hay - 2 kg;
- i-cereal dert - 800 g;
- ukudla - 250 g;
- ukondla izaqathe - 500 g;
- usawoti - 16 g
Funda incazelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kokudla kwe-soya nokudla kwe-sunflower.
Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, ubisi olunamafutha (1 l) lufakwe kwi-ration, kanye nenyama noma inhlanzi (100 g ngamunye). Kubalulekile ukubala ikhalori kusengaphambili. Kulokhu kuyinto elula ukusebenzisa ithebula lezinsiza eziyinhloko ngamayunithi okuphakelayo.
Intsha
Izinyanga ze-2-2.5 zamawundlu zondla isibeletho, ngakho ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwazo ngokuqondile kuxhomeke ekutheni ivolumu nekhwalithi yobisi. Uma ngesizathu esithile izimvu azikwazi ukondla izinsana, bese zondliwa kusuka ezingeni, besebenzisa ubisi lwezinkomo. Ukondla kwenziwa izikhathi ezingu-5 ngosuku ngamanani amancane. 
Ngemuva kwenyanga yesibili yokuphila, izilwane ezincane azidingi amaminerali, abaphakeli abahlukene ngokuchofoza, isidlo senyama kanye nosawoti kufanele bahlukaniswe, ngaphandle kwalokho amawundlu azoqala ukugwinya izinwele zikamama, ezingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu ngokugaya.
Funda indlela yokunakekela kahle amawundlu emva kokugubha kanye nezingane ezincane ngaphandle komama.
Kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbili kunesidingo sokuqala kancane kancane ukugxila ekudleni. Qala nge-50 g ngosuku, usebenzisa ukudla okunamaprotheni. I-hay yezitshalo ezinomsoco ibuye yenziwe kancane kancane.
Ukudla kwansuku zonke eneminyaka engu-4-6:
- 300 g we-feed ekhethekile;
- 150 amagremu we-odwe ngaphambilini
- 0.5 kg we-hay;
- 0.5 kg yemifino;
- 4 g usawoti.
Kubalulekile! Lapho uneminyaka engu-5 ubudala, lo mfana kufanele adle izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku.
Ukudla nsuku zonke kwamawundlu ezinyangeni ezingu-10-12:
- 500 g wehay wezinyosi;
- 1.5 kg we-hay;
- Amagremu angu-150 ebhande likabhali;
- 50 g yokudla;
- 9 g usawoti.
Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukuphawula ukuthi leso sulfure sokudla (1 g ngosuku) sifakwe ekudleni kwezilwane ezincane, okukuvumela ukuba ugweme ukungabi khona kwalesi sitho emzimbeni.
Ukugcoba izimvu ngokudla
Ngaphambi kokuhlatshwa, izidlo zemfuyo ziyashintshwa ukuze zikhulise isisindo sayo. Okuqukethwe kwe-caloric yenani lemenyu yansuku zonke kwanda kakhulu, futhi umsebenzi wezemoto wehla. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba uthole inzuzo esheshayo yesisindo ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
Kule menyu, izimvu zigcina cishe amasonto amabili:
- Usayizi we-0.7 kg we-hay;
- 5 kg we-silage;
- 1 kg yemifino noma i-bahch;
- 450 g yokugxila (uphizi, ibhali, ummbila).
Qaphela ukuthi inani lamafutha akumele likhule kakhulu, kungenjalo uzothola amakhilogremu engeziwe amafutha, hhayi inyama.
Uyazi? Izimvu zihamba ngezimbuzi. Ingxube elandelwayo ibhekene nokukhunjulwa kakhudlwana kobulili obuhlukile, noma kunjalo, ezimweni eziningi akuyinyumba. Ama-hybridi ane-wool eyithakazelisayo, efana nokuhlelwa kwengubo yoMalusi waseCaucasus.
Okungenakukudla izimvu
Kunemikhiqizo eminingi edinga kungabandakanyi ekudleni kwezilwane:
- Kuvinjelwe ukutshala utshani ezimvu ezikhula emanzini (umhlanga, i-horsetail). Kufanele futhi unganikeli okusanhlamvu okumuncu (sedge, rush).
- Awukwazi ukunikeza ushukela wezinyosi, ngoba lezi zimpande ziphakamisa izinga lokushukela, okuholela esifo sikashukela.
- Yonke imifino, izithelo namaqabunga kufanele ziqhekeke zibe yizicucu ezincane, njengoba izimvu zingakwazi ukuminyanisa.
- Kuvinjelwe ukunikeza abantu abasha isinkwa nezinye izidlo.
Ividiyo: Ukudla Kwezimvu - Ukufunda
Abahlaziyi bezimvu babukeza ukuhlangenwe nakho kwezilwane
Izimvu zizilwane ezingenakuzithoba, okuthi, uma zigcinwe kahle, vumela umnikazi ukuthi athole imali encane. Inqubo yokugcina kubalulekile ukungalondolozi kokudla nezimo, ukuze uthole uboya obuhle kanye nenyama ephezulu.
