Izimbali zeCalla - ezikhulayo nokunakekelwa ekhaya

Ama-callas ayimbali enhle nenhle evumelana ngokungenamikhawulo cishe kunoma iyiphi ingaphakathi lendlu noma efulethini.

Ukukhula nokunakekela ama-callas ekhaya

Imbali ibizwa nangokuthi iphiko. Emvelweni wemvelo, kuvamile eSouth America nase-Afrika. Iminduze ye-Ethiopia i-calla noma i-Zantedeskia ikhule ngokulima ngezimbali zasendlini. Lesi sitshalo sathola igama laso ukuhlonipha isazi sezitshalo sase-Italy uGiovanni Zantedeschi.

Ama-callas amhlophe nemibala akhulile. Izimbali ezinhle kakhulu zenziwe ngezimbali zakhe.

Igumbi laseCalla

Ngeminduze ye-calla, ukukhula nokukhathalela ekhaya akunzima ikakhulukazi. Kuyadingeka ukudala izimo ezivumayo zokuthuthukiswa kwembali: inhlabathi enomswakama ekhanyisiwe kanye nokukhanyisa amahora angama-10-12. Kodwa-ke, kayithandi ukuvezwa ukukhanya kwelanga. Ukukhanya okungcolile kuhle kakhulu kwesitshalo. Nisela imbali entwasahlobo kanye ehlobo 1 ngosuku.

Amanzi athululelwa epanini ngemuva kokunisela. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuvikela ukubola kwezimpande.

Uma indlu isishisa ngokwanele, khona-ke imbali ifafazwa ngamanzi aqhamuka ebhodleleni lokufafaza. Esimweni lapho igumbi linokushisa okuphezulu nomoya owomile, ama-callas ezimbizeni afafazwa izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku. I-Zeedesci enezimbali ezimhlophe njengomoya omanzi omningi. Kubo, umswakama omkhulu uzoba ngu-80%, ngenkathi ngombala, isibalo sizoba ngu-50%.

Ukwakhiwa kwenhlabathi nobukhulu bebhodwe

Ukwakha izimo ezinhle zokukhula kwezitshalo, kuyadingeka ukukhetha ukwakheka kwengxube yenhlabathi. Inhlabathi evundile, enezithelo kancane ifaneleka kangcono. I-Peat kumele ibe khona engxenyeni yenhlabathi. Ezitolo ezikhethekile, ungathenga isakhi esenziwe ngomumo esenzelwe izitshalo ze-aroid.

I-Zantedeschia aethiopica

Ukulungiselela umhlabathi ozimele thatha izingxenye ezi-2 ze-turf kanye nengxenye eyi-peat, inhlabathi yamaqabunga nesihlabathi. Ungangeza ubumba ku-substrate.

Ukuqeda ukudonswa kwamanzi endaweni yezimbali, kuhlelwa ungqimba lwamanzi, olungenziwa ngezitini ezaphukile, amatshe omfula, ubumba olwandisiwe noma amagwebu.

Umthamo wokukhula akufanele ube ujule futhi ubanzi. Ukuze uthole imbiza, udinga ukukhetha ipanishi elijulile lapho kuthululelwa khona amanzi lapho uthambisa.

Ukushisa kwe-Optimum

I-Zantedesci - izimbali ze-thermophilic. Elinye lamaphuzu aphambili ekunakekelweni ekhaya kwimbali ye-calla umbuso wokushisa okhethwe kahle. Ikhethiwe ngokuya ngesikhathi sonyaka. Ngesikhathi sokukhula, amazinga okushisa asetwa ebangeni ukusuka ku- + 22 ° С kuya ku- + 24 ° С.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Emisebenzini yokunakekela imbali ye-calla ngesikhathi sokukhula, kufakwa nomanyolo wezitshalo. Kwenziwa njalo emavikini amabili. Imvamisa esikhundleni sokusebenzisa umanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali.

Lapho i-nitrogen ifakiwe, imbali izokwakha isisindo esiluhlaza. Kodwa-ke, ngeke akhiphe izigaxa zezimbali. Kungemva kokuqhakaza kuphela lapho sekuvele imbali e-imbali lapho urea ungangeniswa khona ezingxube zomanyolo.

Ukunakekelwa kweCalla ngesikhathi sokuphumula

Ekwindla sekwephuzile, ama-callas aqala isikhathi esibi, esigcina ngoFebhuwari. Ukunakekela imbali ngalesi sikhathi nakho kuyadingeka. Izinga lokushisa ebusika lehla laya ku-15-18 ° C. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-zelyescias angahle akhule, kepha agcine amaqabunga, noma amaqabunga efa aphela.

Isifo Sekhaya seCalla

I-Zeedesia ingathintwa ama-aphid, izinambuzane ezikala, izilonda zepseudo-spider.

Ukulimala kweqabunga ngesibanda samanga nesibazi.

Uma lezi zinambuzane zitholakala esihlahleni, amaqabunga kanye nesiqu kuhlanzwa ngesixazululo sensipho. Ungadinga ukuphinda lo msebenzi.

Uma le ndlela ingasizi, imbali iphathwa ngama-insecticides.

Ngokufaka amanzi kwenhlabathi, kunganda ukwanda okukhulu kwezifo zokukhunta. Izifo ezivame kakhulu:

• ukubola: grey, brown, izimpande kanye namagciwane;
• anthracnose.

Lapho kuthinteka ngokubola okungwevu, amaqabunga neziqu embozwe ngengubo empunga. Lesi sifo singadluliselwa ngenhlabathi nezitshalo ezingcolile. Ukwelashwa, isitshalo siphathwa nge-fungicides Rovral nokunye okunjalo.

Uma amaqabunga omile, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuvela kombala onsundu kwavela imbali.

Ukubola kwegciwane kuboniswa ngokugoqana kwamaqabunga kanye nama-peduncle ezansi. Izimpande, ukukhala nokubolile, kuvela amabala ansundu kumabala. Imbali ethintekile kumele ichithwe. Isifo esinjalo aselashwa.

Isitshalo esithintwe ukubola kwamagciwane

Umonakalo we-anthracnose unganqunywa amabala ansundu avela emaqabungeni. Lawa mabala akhuphuka ngosayizi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi afane ngesimo emibuthanweni ebomvu enesikhungo esikhanyayo, aqhekeka futhi omile. Ekucutshungweni, ama-fungicides e-systemic asetshenziswa

Uma kwenzeka kulimala ukubola kwezimpande, ukufisa imbali okuvamile kuyabonakala. Ungasikhomba lesi sifo nge-bulb ethintekile.

Uma lokhu kubangelwa inhlabathi enamanzi, khona-ke ukuthambisa kuyamiswa, kufakwa i-hydrogel enhlabathini.

Kungani iminduze ye-calla iphenduka iphuzi futhi yomile

Kuphuzi kwamaqabunga kwenzeka emacaleni alandelayo:

1. Ngokwesitshalo, isikhathi sokuhlala siqala. Uma amaqabunga ephenduka aphuzi ekwindla sekwephuzile, lokhu kusho ukuthi imbali ilungiselela ubusika. Le yinqubo yemvelo. Kuyadingeka ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa noma uthathe lesi sitshalo egumbini elipholile.
2. Uma amaqabunga ephenduka aphuzi ngesikhathi sokukhula, lokhu kungenzeka ngokuntuleka komswakama. Kuyadingeka ukunisela imbali. Uma umhlaba umanzi, imbali ifafazwa ngamanzi afudumele, amile.
3. Kungenzeka futhi lapho inhlabathi igcwele amanzi. Kulokhu, ukuchelela kumiswa kuze kube yilapho ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba loma ngo-1 cm.

Amahlamvu aphuzi weZeedesia

4. Ikamelo lingashisa. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokushisa, khona-ke izitshalo zibekwa kude namabhethri wokushisa.
5. Amahlamvu aphenduka aphuzi uma kwenzeka ukukhanya kwelanga.
6. Amanzi abandayo, asetshenziselwa ukunisela izitshalo, angavusela amahlamvu aphuzi.
7. Ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomsoco nakho kungadala ukuqwashisa ngamaqabunga.

Izimo zezimbali

I-Zeedescia inezikhathi ezimbili zezimbali kuphela: intwasahlobo nokwindla. Uma ngalesi sikhathi i-lily yasekhaya ingayiphizi imbali, lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu ezilandelayo:

• imbiza yezimbali ivame ukudluliselwa endaweni ngezindawo;
• nezilimo eziyizigaxa sezikhulile kakhulu;
• ukushintshwa okuvame kwezimo ezikhulayo, ngokwesibonelo, ukufakelwa okungapheli;
• UCalla ulahlekelwa amandla okukhanya;
• ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba ngenxa yomhlabathi omubi noma ukungondleki okwanele.

Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani i-calla lily engahle iqhume.

Uma i-callas rhizome ingahlukwanga isikhathi eside (imvamisa ihlukaniswe kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-3), lokhu kungaba yisizathu sokuntuleka kwezimbali. Ukuze wenze isithombo siqhakaze, udinga ukuthola isibani, uhlukanise izingane ngokucophelela bese ufaka ishubhu lesibeletho nezingane ezimbizeni ezihlukile.

Ukuze kutshalwe kahle imbali ye-calla, ukufakelwa kwayo kwaminyaka yonke kuyadingeka. Ungasebenzisa imbiza efanayo. Kubalulekile ukufaka umhlaba endaweni entsha futhi unempilo. Akunconyelwe ukufakelwa i-zelyeskia kaningi, ngoba lokhu kuzothinta kabi izimbali zesitshalo.

Ukusakazeka kweCalla

Imbali ingatshalwa ngezindlela eziningi:

• ngembewu;
• nezilimo eziyizigaxa;
• ukuhlukaniswa kwekhisi.

Indlela elula kunazo zonke yokuzalanisa nezilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nokuhlukanisa i-rhizome.

Ungakhula kanjani imbali kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

Ngemuva kokuba imbali iqhume, kwakhiwa ama-testes endaweni yawo, lapho imbewu ingatholakala khona. Zingathengwa futhi esitolo.

Imbewu yeCalla

I-oda ekhulayo yezitshalo:

1. Imbewu ifakwe amahora angama-6-8 emanzini afudumele. Ngokwengeziwe ungabaphatha nge-stimulator yokukhula.
2. Ukusheshisa ukuvela kwezithombo, kudingeka ukuthi imbewu iqhume. Ukuze wenze lokhu, afakwa esitsheni ngendwangu emanzi, embozwe. Isitsha sibekwa endaweni efudumele ngaphambi kokuhluma, cishe isonto eli-1.
3. Lungisa isitsha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amabhodwe amancane wezimbali agcwalisa ingxube ye-turf, umhlaba onamaqabunga, i-peat nesihlabathi, othathwe ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo. Ungasebenzisa i-substrate eseqediwe.
4. Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi idinga ukuthanjiswa.
5. Imbewu ekhulisiwe ibekwa emigodini 3 cm ejulile. Imbewu eminingana itshalwe ebhodweni elilodwa, okuzokuvumela ukuthi ukhethe izithombo eziqine kakhulu.
6. Phezu kwamabhodwe ambozwe nge-polyethylene, okuzokwakha umphumela wegreenhouse.
7. Kuze kuphume izithombo, izingadi zokugcina izithombo zindizwa ngezikhathi ezithile, inhlabathi igcinwa imanzi.
8. Ngemuva kokutshala imbewu sekuqinisiwe (cishe izinyanga ezi-2), ukukhetha izithombo kuyenziwa. Abanye abalimi batshala imbewu eboshwe ngokushesha endaweni ehlala njalo. Lokhu akufanele kwenziwe, ngoba kulokhu kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe ukuhlela ukunakekelwa okufika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhetha kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole i-rhizome enhle kakhulu.
9. Ama-callas amancane anamandla futhi aqine kufanele adluliselwe kuzibuko. Kwisitshalo esisodwa ingilazi eyodwa.

Ukulinywa kwe-bulb

Emindlekeni ye-calla, kwenziwa ama bulbs amancane noma izingane ezizungeze isibani esikhulu, esisetshenziswa njengezinto zenzalo. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zikhethiwe ukuze zikwazi ukuqina, zibushelelezi futhi ziqinile.

I-Zaredescia nezilimo eziyizigaxa

Qiniseka ukuthi okungenani unezinso okungenani enganeni ngayinye. Uma ama-bulbs alimala ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwezingane, khona-ke lezi zindawo zifafazwa ngamalahle powder bese yomiswa amahora amaningi. Ngaphambi kokutshala, gcina ezitsheni ngo-6 ° C.

Ngaphambi kokutshala, ungabamba ama-amahora ama-2 kusisombululo esibuthakathaka se-manganese. Ukuze ukuhluma, kubanzi, kubekwa izimbiza ezibanzi ezinomhlabathi enezitshalo ezingama-halaid. Amabhuleki adinga ukutshalwa ngokujula okulingana nobubanzi bawo abathathu. Ukushisa kwekamelo kugcinwa ku-20 ° C. Ngemuva kwesonto, ukuthambisa kokuqala kwenziwa.

Iziqunjana zeZaredesk

Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe ukugcina umswakama womhlabathi olinganiselayo. Isitshalo esincane siqhakaza ngonyaka.

Ngakho-ke, usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obulula bezolimo, ungakhulisa ama-callas amahle engadini nasendlini efulethini.