IMelaleuka, ebizwa nangokuthi isihlahla setiye, iyisihlahla esincane noma isihlahlana esihlumayo esinephunga elimnandi. I-greenery ebabazekayo nama-inflorescence aqhakazile enza lesi sitshalo sihehe kakhulu kubalimi. IMelaleuka isakazeke ekuchachazweni kwezwekazi lase-Australia naseGreat Britain, futhi ezimweni zezulu ezishisayo ikhule ngempumelelo njengesitshalo esikhulu sasendlini nesengadini.
Incazelo yezitshalo
IMelaleuka ingeyesehlobo enkulu yezitshalo emndenini wakwaMytle. Amabhishi amancane noma izihlahla ezinde zinephunga elimnandi nelithambile. Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwezihlahla kufinyelela kumamitha angama-25. I-rhizome yesitshalo inomlingiswa ohlotshisiwe. Isiqu kanye namagatsha embozwe ngumbala omncane onsundu noma ompunga. Kulinyazwa kalula futhi kukhonkotha, kwakha ukufana kwesihlanganisi sephepha.
Amaqabunga e-petiole ajwayelekile anomumo omncane we-lanceolate nombala oluhlaza ogqamile. Ubude beqabunga bungafinyelela ku-12 cm, futhi ububanzi abudluli ku-5 mm. Kude kude, la maqabunga acashile, anamaqabunga ahlukahlukene afana nezinaliti. Emaphethelweni epuleti lamaqabunga kukhona izidlala ezincane ezifaka uwoyela obalulekile. Amafutha eMelaleuka anempahla ekhangayo ye-bactericidal nevuselelayo. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokwelapha kanye ne-cosmetology.
Izimbali ezincane ziqoqana endaweni eyindilinga noma i-oval inflorescence. Okuphuzi, okukhrimu noma okupinki okuncanyana okunama-petals amancane, amade kusuka kude kufana nebhulashi noma ibhulashi. Ama-inflorescence akhiwa kumahlumela amancane futhi angahlangana namahlamvu. Lapho izimbali ziphela khona, igatsha lingasaqhubeka.
Isihlahla ngasinye siqukethe amathuna amahlanu nemichilo yamabhola. Izigxobo ziyadilika ngokushesha, futhi ama-stamens amade aheha izinambuzane, izinyoni ezincane, kanye namalulwane. IMelaleuka isitshalo esihle sikaju.
Ngemuva kokuba izimbali ziphele, amakhompiyutha aqinile anezinhlamvu eziningi ezincane asala emagatsheni. Zihlala zivaliwe ngokuqinile futhi zingawi ngisho nangemva kokuvuthwa okugcwele. Imbewu ihlala isebenza isikhathi eside, kepha imvama iwela emhlabathini kuphela ngemuva kokusala kwesitshalo somama.
Ukubukwa okudumile
Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezingama-240 ze-melaleuka, laba abamele abalandelayo basakazeka kabanzi kusiko:
IMelaleuka isihlahla esimhlophe sokhuni noma i-kayuputovy. Isitshalo sinesimo somuthi omude (kuze kube amamitha angama-25) nomqhele osakazekayo. Amagxolo amancanyana kakhulu apendwe ngampunga ekhanyayo. Amacembe amade amboza amagatsha amasha futhi afakwa ngaphakathi nge-inflorescence emhlophe cylindrical.
Melaleuka yakha isihlahla esihle esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-8. Kukulezi zinhlobonhlobo lapho kutholakala khona uwoyela obaluleke kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukhulelwe izinhloso zezimboni. Igxolo elincane, eliwubuthaka limboza isiqu. Emagatsheni amancane, amaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile nezimbali ezimhlophe qhwa ziqoqiwe.
Ama-neva-melaleuka amahlanu inamahlamvu ayindilinga ngaphezulu anemithambo emihlanu ebunjiwe. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla esidala kungamamitha ayi-9- 19. Emaphethelweni amagatsha, amabhulashi acijile wesithunzi esimhlophe noma se-beige. Amaqabunga asetshenziswa ukuhlobisa imigwaqo, ukupenda imizimba yamanzi nemisele yemisele.
Melaleuka diosmifolia Kufanelekile ukukhula ekhaya. Lesi sitshalo sakha isihlahla esiphansi esinamahlamvu amahle enaliti. Entwasahlobo, kuqhuma ama-cylindrical creamy inflorescence.
Melaleuk Preuss imelela ihlumela elinezintambo ezinobuthakathaka obungamamitha ayi-1.5 ukuya kwe-10, elimbozwe ngamaqabunga amakhulu kulo lonke ubude. Kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba, lesi sitshalo sithokozela ngezimbali ezincane zombala wekhilimu.
UFlaxseed melaleuka yakha isihlahla esifushane. Amagatsha alo amancanyana ambozwe enyehlamvu eluhlaza okotshani efana namaqabunga efilakisi. Ubude bepheshana ngalinye ngu-2-4,5 cm, futhi ububanzi buyi-4 mm. Ehlobo, ama-inflorescence amhlophe afinyelela ku-4 cm aqhuma emaphethelweni emagatsha.
Melaleuk nesofila inendlela yokuqhuma kwesihlahla esinamahlamvu okusaqanda. Ubude beqabunga bungama-2 cm kuphela. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo simbozwa ngama-inflorescences amaningi angamabala apinki.
Melaleuka Arminalis (isongo) sikhula ngesimo sesihlahla size sifike kumamitha ayi-9. Lesi sitshalo sinomqhele ovulekile obanzi wamahlamvu enaliti aluhlaza. Emagatsheni, kwakhiwa ama-inflorescence ama-oblong we-ombre obomvu noma opinki kuze kufike ku-5 cm ubude.
Melaleuka bracteata. Isiqu sesihlahla esifinyelela ku-9 m ukuphakeme simbozwe ngegrey grey ngemivimbo emile, ephukile. Amaqabunga apendwe aluhlaza okotshani ngombala onsundu. Ama-inflorescence ama-Cylindrical akhiwa ngezimbali zikakhilimu.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe i-melaleuka kwenzeka kalula ngezindlela zezinhlobo zemifino. Imbewu iqoqwa ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, kukhishwe emabhokisini bese kugcinwa esikhwameni sephepha. Ngomphumela omuhle kakhulu, kunconywa ukuwabeka ngezicubu ezimanzi ngosuku. Ekuhlwanyeleni, sebenzisa amabhokisi abanzi anomhlabathi okhanyayo, ovundile. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa izimbobo ukuya ekujuleni kuka-2-4 cm. Isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu futhi sishiywe endaweni efudumele. Amahlumela aqala ukuvela ngemuva kwamasonto angama-2-4. Izithombo ezinamacembe ama-4 angempela angena emanzini ezimbizeni ezincane zomhlaba zezitshalo ezindala.
Ukusikwa kwe-rooting nakho kulula. Kwanele ukusika amahlumela amasha acishe abe ngu-15 cm ubude entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo.Amagatsha aphathwa ngesisombululo sezimpande futhi atshalwe enhlabathini emanzi, evundile. Isiqu esiphezulu simbozwe ngembiza.
Izici Zokunakekela
IMelaleuka ikhule njengesitshalo sasendlini noma segadi. Ezinye izinhlobo zingamelana neqhwa ziye ku -7 ° C. Isitshalo sithanda amahora amade okukhanya kwelanga kanye nokukhanya okungafani. Ekamelweni kufanele kube nomthunzi kusuka elangeni lasemini. Engadini, umuthi ungatshalwa endaweni evulekile, njengoba imifudlana yomoya omusha izovikela amahlamvu ekushisweni.
Ukusuka ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba, kunconyelwa ukugcina amakhophi angaphakathi kuvulandi noma engadini. Ukushisa komoya okuphezulu kwesitshalo kuyinto + 22 ... + 24 ° C. Ngobusika, kungakuhle ukuthi udlulise i-melaleuka iye endaweni epholile enamazinga we- + 7 ... + 9 ° C. Inhlabathi ezungeze ingadi melaleuk ebusika ifakwe ngamahlamvu awile.
UMelaleuka uhlala eduze nemizimba yamanzi, ngakho-ke idinga ukuthambisa kaningi, kodwa-ke, uketshezi oluningi kufanele luphume ngokukhululekile ukuze izimpande zingaboli. Kuphela kungaphezulu komhlabathi ongomiswa. Ebusika, ukuthambisa kungancishiswa uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lehliswa.
Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba, kabili ngenyanga, i-melaleuka idinga ukondliwa. Umanyolo wamaminerali ungezwa emanzini wokunisela ngokuhambisana nemiyalo. Ungasebenzisa izinhlanganisela zezitshalo eziqhakazayo, izihlahla ze-myrtle noma zomhlobiso.
Isitshalo sidinga ukuhlinzeka umswakama ophezulu. Izimbiza ebusika azinconywa ukuba zishiywe duzane ne-radiators. Ukufafazwa njalo kwamasetyana nokusetshenziswa kwamathileyi ngamatshe amnyama noma ngobumba olwandisiwe kuyamukelekile.
IMelaleuka ikhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka ukuthi itshalwe kabusha njalo. Phansi kwamabhodwe amakhulu futhi ajulile abeka ungqimba lwamanzi nomhlabathi olula. Ungasebenzisa i-substrate eqediwe noma ulungiselele le ngxube ngokwakho kulezi zingxenye ezilandelayo:
- Peat;
- isihlabathi somfula;
- umhlaba wefudu.
IMelaleuka idinga ukuthenwa okujwayelekile, uma kungenjalo izoqala ukukhula futhi yeluleke kakhulu. Amaqabunga nezimbali zimboza amahlumela amancane kuphela. Ngokuthena, kusetshenziswa izithungu ezinebade elibukhali. Isitshalo sivame ukubekezelela inqubo futhi sikuvumela ukuba uzinike ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Ubunzima obungahle bube khona
Inkinga ejwayelekile nge-melaleuka ukubola kwezimpande. Lapho kuqala ukubola, isitshalo kufanele simbiwe, izimpande zokubola zisikwe futhi ziphathwe ngesixazululo se-antifungal. Inhlabathi ithathelwa indawo ngokuphelele futhi ukuchelela kuncishisiwe. Ukuze unxephezele ukuncishiswa kwe-rhizome, kunconywa ukususa ingxenye yomqhele.
Kwesinye isikhathi isihlahla setiye siba nokuhlaselwa kwesicabucabu. Lesi sinambuzane esincane singasilimaza kakhulu isitshalo. Lapho kuvela izikhwebu ezincane kakhulu kanye nama-cobwebs kulawohlamvu, isinambuzane kufanele siphathwe ngokushesha (Actelik, Masai, Akarin).
