I-Robinia isihlahla esihlala isikhathi eside esiqhamuka emndenini we-legume. Amahlamvu awo avulekile kanye nama-inflorescence amnandi afana nezitshalo zaseMedithera. Imvamisa i-robinia itholakala ngaphansi kwegama le-acacia yamanga noma i-pseudoacacia. Izitshalo ziyefana impela, kepha kuyi-robinia eziqhakaza izimbali ezimhlophe. Nguyena osindayo enkabeni yeRussia kanye nasendaweni engaseningizimu. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-robinia yiNyakatho Melika. Isitshalo sikhula ngentshiseko cishe ngaphandle kokunakekelwa futhi asidingi mzamo omkhulu.
Incazelo yeBotanical
IRobinia isihlahla esivuthayo esifinyelela kumamitha amane ukuphakama noma isihlahla esikhulu. Emvelweni wemvelo, ukuphakama kwawo kungaba ngamamitha angama-20-25, kanti ezimweni ezingandile kuze kufike kumamitha angama-35. Isiqu esinamandla sivame ukuhlangana ngamagatsha sisuka lapho, sakha iziqu eziningana. Imbozwe ngokhuni olwempisi olukhanyayo. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo zasengadini kuvame cishe kube ngamamitha ayi-5. URobinia unesifo esithuthukisiwe, esisiza ukumelana nomoya futhi siqinise inhlabathi.
Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ama-buds angenamaqabunga akha amaqabunga angenasici e-petiole. Zine-loblong engavulekile noma eyindilinga enotshani obuluhlaza okhanyayo. Amahlamvu aphambene. Ubude beqabunga kanye ne-petiole ngamasentimitha angama-25. Kweminye imihlobo, phansi kwe-petiole kukhona ispike esifushane kodwa esibukhali kakhulu. Amacembe, kanye namagatsha amancanyana, akha umqhele ovulekile we-translucent.
NgoJuni, isikhathi sezimbali ze-robinia siqala. Ama-inflorescence amakhulu we-panicle kuma-peduncles agobekayo aqhakaza kuma-axils amaqabunga amahlumela amancane. Izimbali ezimhlophe ngokweqhwa noma ezipinki zinesimo se-moth. I-calyx ebunjiwe njengensimbi iqukethe amazinyo ama-5 ububanzi. Umbhangqwana ongaphezulu ukhula kanyekanye futhi wakhe umkhumbi. Ubukhulu be-inflorescence bungafinyelela ku-20 cm.
Ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, izithelo zokuqala zivuthwa - ubhontshisi onsundu ophuziwe. Ubude bawo buyi-5 ukuya ku-5- cm. Izithelo ze-bivalve zinezimbewu eziningana ezinsundu ezenziwe embozwe ngesikhumba esiminyene.
Izinhlobo zeRobinia
Uhlobo oluncane lwe-robinia lunezinhlobo eziyishumi. Abaziwa kakhulu kubo:
Robinia vulgaris (pseudoacacia). Lesi sitshalo sihlala emhlabathini one-calcareous eduze nolwandle. Isihlahla esiqabulayo noma isihlahla. Umqhele obabazekayo onama-openwork ushiya ama-umbrella amaningi. Isiqu simbozwe ngegxolo, sipendwe ngombala onsomi ompunga. Inemifantu emide, ejulile. Entwasahlobo, amahlamvu ambozwe i-silky pubescence, ehlobo iba bushelelezi, luhlaza okotshani, bese ekwindla kuthola uhlobo oluthile lwegolide. Ama-inflorescence ama-drooping inflorescence aqhakaza ngoJuni futhi ahlala izinsuku ezingama-20. Imvamisa kakhulu zipendwe zimhlophe. Ngo-Okthoba, ubhontshisi onsundu omnyama u-5-12 cm ukuvuthwa ubude. Izinhlobo ezithandwayo:
- IPendula - enamagatsha aqothulayo;
- I-Rehderi - enomqhele oyindilinga;
- I-Tortuoza - amagatsha aqondayo akha umqhele obanzi, osicaba;
- I-Argentinaeo-mosagata - isitshalo esinamaqabunga ahlukahlukene;
- I-Decaisneana - I-Bloresoms pale pink inflorescence.
URobinia uyanamathela. Isitshalo esakhiwe njengomuthi esinomqhele osakazekile, oyindilinga sikhula ngo 8-12 m ukuphakama. Kumahlumela amancane, amagxolo adwetshwe ngombala onsundu omnyama, opinki kancane. I-pubescence enamathelayo emincane ihlanganisa isisekelo se-petioles kanye ne-inflorescence. Imiphunga ayikho. Kufuthi ngasinye, kukhona ama-lobes angama-13-25 apendwe luhlaza okotshani. Ubukhulu bawo buyi-17-20 cm. NgoJuni, izimbali ezinkulu ezibomvana-ezibomvu noma ezibomvana ezingenalo iphunga esihlahleni. Kumabhulashi acwebile aqondile. Ubhontshisi we-5-8 cm ubude futhi umbozwe nge-brisly, britly pubescence. Izinhlobonhlobo ezidumile ze-bellarosea - i-pink robinia - ihlukaniswa ngama-inflorescence amakhulu apinki amnyama.
URobinia unenwele ezimfishane. Lesi shrub sikhula sibe ngamamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Uthanda izifunda eziseNingizimu futhi akazibekezeleli isithwathwa. Iziqu, amaqabunga kanye namantongomane ambozwe ngenqwaba ende ebomvu noma amabhulashi. Akukho ameva emahlumela. Amagatsha embozwe ngegxolo elibomvu ngokubomvu. Amaqabunga angaba ngu-23 cm ubude aqukethe amaqabunga oblong anemibala eluhlaza okotshani. Ekuqaleni kukaJuni, ukudonsa ama-inflorescence avele ngokuqondile e-pink noma okukhanya okukhanyayo okubomvana. Ubude beCorolla buyi-25 mm. Ku-inflorescence, angaba izingcezu ezingama-3-9. NgoSepthemba, ukuqhakaza izimbali okuphindaphindekayo kungenzeka. Izithelo ze-bristle-glandular zivuthwa ngo-Okthoba, ubude bazo buyi-8 cm.
Izindlela zokuzala
IRobinia isatshalaliswa yimbewu nezinqubo zezimpande.
Imbewu ye-robinia ejwayelekile ihluma kahle. Ukuze ubhontshisi ubambe ngokushesha, adinga ukulungiswa okuthile. Ngaphambi kokutshala, afakwa emanzini abilayo imizuzwana eminingana, abese acwiliswa emanzini eqhwa ngokushesha. Ngenxa yale nqubo, igobolondo elingaphandle lonakele futhi amanzi angena kumbungu. Ungase futhi ufeze ukushiyeka, okungukuthi, phatha isikhumba sikabhontshisi ngefayela. Imbewu kuqala ihlwelwa izithombo endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma ezitsheni ezinengxube ye-sand-peat. Kwenze ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Ukuze izithombo zibonakale, izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi kumele libe ngu- + 20 ... + 23 ° C. Amahlumela avela kungakapheli amasonto ama-2. Zikhulile ngaphandle kokukhosela futhi ziniselwa njalo. Ehlobo, amabhodwe anezithombo adluliselwa engadini, lapho asuka khona kuze kube intwasahlobo elandelayo. Izitshalo ezinonyaka ubudala zingadluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Lapho esakaza i-robinia ngendlela yemifino, amahlumela asisekelo asetshenziswa kaningi. Isitshalo esidala sinikeza amahlumela amaningana ngonyaka; kwanele ukusimba ukuze sikudlulisele endaweni entsha. Abanye abalimi bakha izingqimba zomoya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukulungisa ithangi ngomhlabathi egatsheni. Ehlobo, izimpande zikhula enhlabathini. Igatsha eligxilile lisuswa emthini wesihlahla futhi litshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
IRobinia ithathwa njengesitshalo esingathobeki, ngakho-ke ayidingi mzamo omkhulu. Isitshalo asinciphisi emhlabathini futhi singakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nanoma ikuphi ukwakheka komhlaba. Kodwa-ke, izihlahla zikhula kahle ku-loam ngokufakwa kwe-lime. Indawo okufika kuyo kufanele ibe elangeni futhi ivulekile. Kungcono ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa emimoyeni ebandayo yomoya.
Ama-robinias amancane azwela kakhulu kwisithwathwa, ngakho-ke izitshalo zimboza futhi zivikele isiqu ngezinto ezingasolwanga ubusika. Izihlahla ezivuthiwe zingamelana neqhwa liye ku-35 ° C. Lezo zinhlobo ezitshalwe enhlabathini eminyene nenomswakama zithinteka kakhulu. Ngemuva kokutshala, kunconyelwa ukufaka umhlabathi ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi nge-sawdust noma nge-peat kuze kube ngama-4-6 cm. Lokhu kuzosindisa izitshalo emakhula nasekwakheni kokuqunjelwa obukhulu ngemuva kokunisela.
URobinia uthanda inhlabathi enomswakama, kodwa ngaphandle kwamanzi. Izihlahla ezivuthiwe zingamelana nesomiso esinzima, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka ziniselwe kakhulu. Ezimweni eziningi, izitshalo zidlula ngemvula yemvelo.
Zonke izinhlobo zidinga ukugqokwa okuphezulu kokuphilayo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa umquba obolile. Emhlabathini ophelile, umquba unconywa njalo ngenyanga.
Isitshalo sivame ukubekezelela ukuthenwa nokubekwa komqhele. Kungcono ukwenza inqubo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngemuva kokuvulwa kwamaqabunga, kwenziwa kabusha iziqu, kususwa amagatsha omile. Kunconyelwe futhi ukuqapha ukubukeka kwamahlumela we-basal futhi uwukhiphe ngendlela efanele ngesikhathi. I-rhizome ethuthukisiwe ye-robinia isakazeka kude kakhulu, ngakho-ke isitshalo kufanele sinqunyelwe.
IRobinia ayithinteki izifo zezitshalo kanye namagciwane, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukuthi unakekele ukuvikelwa kwezinambuzane. Lokhu, empeleni, kungenye yezinzuzo ze-pseudo-activation.
Sebenzisa
IRobinia isiko lokuhlobisa kakhulu. Inomqhele ovulekile ovulekile, lapho ehlobo ungambozwa kaningana ngezimbali ezinamakha. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela, ngoba i-robinia ingaba nolaka maqondana nezinye izihlahla zezithelo nezihlahla. Kufanele itshalwe kude kude nabo. Ukutshala kwamaqembu kungatholakala ezindaweni zokupaka, ezingadini nasezindlini eziseduze.
Izimbali zeRobinia kanye namagxolo aso kusetshenziselwa umuthi wesintu njenge-astringent, i-expectorant, i-antipyretic ne-anti-inflammatory agent. Kwenziwa izinto eziwugwadule ukuze kuliwe nezifo zegciwane lesisu, kanye ne-rheumatism, urolithiasis ne neuralgia.
Esikhathini sokuqhakaza, i-robinia isitshalo esihle soju. Uju oluvela kulo lunomthunzi okhanyayo nokubonakala okuphezulu, nalo alunoshukela isikhathi eside futhi lunephunga elimnandi, elimnandi.
Izinkuni zesitshalo zidume ngezindawo zayo eziphakeme zemishini nobuningi. Amaphayile, izigxobo nokunye ukubaza kwenziwa kuwo.
