I-Saxifrage iyisisekelo esijulile sasemuva esivela emndenini weSaxifrage. Iyakwazi ukusinda futhi iqhume ezimweni ezingakulungelanga ukwenza izinto eziningi eziphilayo. Ama-saxifrages angatholakala ezansi kwezintaba, emadwaleni nasezintweni zamatshe. Yathola igama layo ngekhono layo lokuzinza emihumeni emincane kakhulu futhi kancane kancane yabhubhisa itshe nezimpande zalo. Futhi, lesi sitshalo sibizwa ngokuthi "i-gap-utshani." Emvelweni, ikhula esimweni sezulu esifudumele sayo yonke iNyakatho Nenkabazwe futhi itshalwa ngokuphumelelayo ezingadini njengethala lokumba.
Incazelo yeBotanical
ISaxifrage isitshalo esidlakadlaka esingu-5-70 cm ukuphakama. Sineziqu ezinde ezinwabuzelayo. Lesi sitshalo sondliwa izimpande ezicijile, ezinhlamvu. Ziyisisekelo sezinqubo, futhi zakha ngaphakathi kwezindawo zokuhlumela lapho zihlangana nomhlabathi. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-sod okuxekethile ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu.
Amaqabunga Petiole aqoqwe ku rosette basal. Zihlukahluka kakhulu kuhlobo oluthile. Ipuleti elinenyama noma lesikhumba lingaba nobunjwa obuhlukahlukene (okusaqanda, obunjwe ngenhliziyo, obunjwe ngedayimane, isigaxa). Kukhona amaqabunga abushelelezi noma kancane ama-pubescent. Zenziwe ngopende oluhlaza okotshani, isiliva, okuluhlaza okotshani noma ogqamile. Amaqabunga ambozwe kancane kancane ngokuhlanganiswa okumhlophe, kubonakala kakhulu emaphethelweni. Eqinisweni, lawa ngamadiphozithiyo anenkinga atholwe yisitshalo uqobo.
NgoMeyi-Agasti, i-saxifrage imbozwe ngezimbali ezincane. I-Corolla yesakhiwo esifanele kwimicibisholo emile kuze kube ngu-20 cm ubude iqoqwe emaphaketheni athambile. Ziqukethe amacembe amahlanu ngenqenqema ekhonjisiwe, ngakho-ke afana nenkanyezi noma insimbi evulekile ebanzi. Izimbali zivame ukupendwe zimhlophe, kepha kukhona ophuzi, opinki nokubomvu. Bakhipha iphunga elimnandi elicashile.
ISaxifrage ivunduzelwa yizinambuzane, kodwa futhi ithambekele ekuzicolisiseni ngosizo lomoya. NgoSepthemba, izithelo ziyahlanganiswa - amabhokisi enzalo enezinhlamvu eziningi ezinembewu emnyama enomzimba omncane.
Ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo
Uhlobo lwe-saxifrage lehluke kakhulu. Inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-450.
I-Arenda Saxifrages. Izitshalo zakha ama-sods aluhlaza aqhakazile aluhlaza aze afike ku-20 cm. Amapheshana amancane avulekile ahlukaniswe abe yimicu emincane. NgoMeyi-Juni, izimbali eziqhakaza okwenziwe ngenkanyezi ziyaqhakaza. Izitshalo zibekezelela noma iqhwa elinzima kakhulu. Izinhlobo:
- I-Flamingo - blooms enama-rose aqhamile aphuzi;
- I-carpet emhlophe - ama-inflorescence ama-panicle ahambile anezinsimbi ezimhlophe aze afike ku-1 cm ubukhulu ukuqhuma okungatheni okumnyama okuluhlaza;
- I-Purple ekhaphethi - ukhipha izimbali nezimbali ngokwazo zidwetshwe nge-burgundy noma nsomi, kanti umnyombo woqhakaza uphuzi.
I-saxifrage iyi-turfy. Ama-blooms ahlukahlukene amancane kakhulu, kepha ahluka emfofeni ompunga oluhlaza grey ongakhula ngisho nasemhlabathini omncane one-asidi. Izinhlobo:
- Ukunqoba - ngoJuni embozwe izimbali ezibomvu;
- URose Kenigen - uqhakaza ama-inflorescence apinki aphathekayo.
Saxifraga paniculata. I-herbaceous perennial 4-8 cm high form romett amahle angama-symmetrical emapheshana anamanzi anemiphetho yangaphakathi. I-Foliage ipendwe ngombala oluhlaza grey noma oluhlaza okotshani. Hlaba amandla ama-inflorescence anemibala ephuzi, ebomvu noma emhlophe aqhakaza kusuka enkabeni yokuphuma komcibisholo omude.
I-saxifrage imnandi kakhulu. Amathokheni aluhlaza obumnyama amnyama enza imicamelo engu-30-60 cm ukuphakama. Iziqu ezinwabuzelayo zisakazeka ngokushesha kumabanga amade. NgoJuni, izimbali ezinkulu kakhulu ziyaqhakaza ngamacembe amahlanu ayindilinga. Lapho zivulwa, zinombala opinki, kepha kancane kancane zibe nsomi.
I-saxifrage isithunzi. Isitshalo esithanda umthunzi kuze kufike ku-20 cm ukuphakama esinamaqabunga e-evergreen amathoni agcwele. Amapheshana e-oval anemiphetho engalingani ngaphansi ngaphansi ambozwe ngamabala ansomi. NgoJulayi panicle inflorescences ngezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe ziyaqhakaza ngaphezulu kwamagqabi amaqabunga amaqabunga. Umnyombo wazo onsomi.
I-saxifrage mossy. Izithombo ezingamahlumela ezinamagatsha anamanzi zimbozwe ngamahlamvu aluhlaza okhanyayo. Imiphetho yamapheshana ama-oblong inqunywa ibe yimichilo emincane, ngakho-ke umcamelo obukhulu ufana nethotho lemango. Ehlobo, izimbali ezimhlophe-eziqhakaza ziyaqhakaza kuma-peduncle afinyelela ku-6 cm ubude.
I-saxifrage ihamba ngakubili. Isembozo somhlabathi sakha ukhaphethi omnyama obukhulu. Imbozwe ngamahlamvu we-petiole oyindilinga. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, izimbali ezimhlophe ezinamachashazi ansomi ezintabeni ziqhakaza ngemicibisholo efinyelela kuma-40 cm ubude. Izitshalo eziluhlaza ezinamahloni nezineqhwa.
Khula saxifrage kusuka imbewu
Imbewu ye-Saxifrage ihlala imila iminyaka emithathu. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, kufanele ahlukaniswe. Kulokhu, imbewu exutshwe nesihlabathi ibekwa esiqandisini izinsuku eziyi-15-20. Okokuqala kuhlwanyelwa izithombo. NgoMashi, kuhlanganiswa iziqukathi ezinengxube yenhlabathi ebamba ukushisa nesihlabathi. Inhlabathi iyaqaqamba, futhi imbewu encane kunazo zonke exutshwe nesihlabathi ihlakazekile ebusweni. Azidingi ukungcwatshwa. Izitshalo ziyafafazwa futhi zimbozwe ngesembozo esibonakalayo.
Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwamasonto angu-1-2. Izithombo esezikhulile ezinamaqabunga ama-2-4 zigaxela ezimbizeni ezihlukile zokuhlobisa. NgoMeyi, izithombo ziqala ukukhishwa ntambama ukuze ziqiniswe. Ama-saxifrages adluliselwa emhlabathini ovulekile ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Ikhulisa kakhulu amahlumela, kepha kuqhuma kuphela ihlobo elizayo.
Ukusakazwa kwemifino
Izithombo ezinwabuzelayo ngokwazo zinezimpande. Izimpande zakheka emaxebeni amaqabunga axhumene nomhlabathi. Kwanele ukusika ihlumela eligxilile kusuka kusitshalo somama futhi, ngenqwaba yomhlaba, sikudlulisela ngokucophelela endaweni entsha. Ngokweqiniso ezihlahleni, amakhethini endodakazi akhiwa ngisho nangaphandle kokuxhumana nomhlabathi. Akhula izimpande zasemoyeni. Entwasahlobo, ihlumela liyanqunywa futhi litshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ama-Shoots ama-5-10 cm ubude anqunywa ukusika ehlobo. Zingagxila emanzini noma esihlabathini esikholekile nomhlabathi we-peat. Ekwindla, kutholakala isitshalo esincane esigcwele imbewu, kodwa esingakakulungeli ubusika engadini. Ukhule ngaphakathi endlini futhi kuphela kwentwasahlobo elandelayo kutshalwe emgaqweni.
Ukutshala nokunakekela ekhaya
Ama-saxifrage ayizitshalo eziyishumi ezinethembayo kakhulu futhi ezingatheni. Zikhule emhlabathini ovulekile, futhi futhi zisetshenziswe njengembali yegumbi. Izitshalo zikhula kangcono ezindaweni ezikhanyiswe kahle noma emthunzini oyingxenye. Imigodi engashonile ilungiselelwe izithombo engadini ebangeni eli-15-20 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. I-saxifrage ayinciphisi ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, kepha ithanda izingxenyana ezikhululekile, ezinamanzi amaningi ngokusabela kwe-alkaline kancane. Bamba inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala nge-lime egayiwe, ukhuhlu, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat.
Izimbali zasendlini zitshalwa izitshalo ezi-2-3 ndawonye ukuze zithole isihlahla esimdonsayo. Zidlulisele njengoba kudingeka, lapho imbali isondela ebhodweni. Umthamo ukhethiwe ngokungashisi, kepha bubanzi. Amapulangwe, izitini ezaphukile noma udaka olwandisiwe empeleni uthululelwa phansi ngensimbi obukhulu.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, izinga lokushisa elilungile lesaxifrage liyi-20 ... + 25 ° C. Ebusika kwehliselwe ku + 12 ... + 15 ° C. Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo azinconywa ukupholisa ngezansi + 15 ... + 18 ° C. Uma izimbali zasendlini zigcinwa zifudumele ebusika, ukukhanya okwengeziwe kuyadingeka, ngaphandle kwalokho iziqu zizolula kakhulu.
I-saxifrage izizwa ingcono ngomswakama ophezulu, ngakho-ke ama-sod adinga ukufafazwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngokufafaza. Kuyadingeka ukuthambisa inhlabathi ngokunakekela ukuze amanzi angagxili ezimpandeni, futhi ungqimba olungaphezulu lube nesikhathi sokuwoma. I-saxifrage ihlanganisa wonke umhlabathi, ngakho-ke ukhula akudingekile ukuthi ukhula eduze kwawo. Iphinde icindezele ngempumelelo ukhula.
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ama-saxifrage thickets avundiswa kabili ngenyanga. Imvamisa ehlukile esikhundleni sezinto eziphilayo ezine-mineral complexes. Ebusika, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyaqhubeka, kepha kwenziwa kaningi (njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5-2).
Lesi sitshalo sifihla isimo sezulu esifudumele ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala. Noma amanye amahlumela ebanda phakathi nobusika obunzima obungenamakhaza, amahlumela amancane azovela ezindaweni zokukhula ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo bese avala amabala aphansi emhlabathini. Ama-Peduncle aphila unyaka owodwa kuphela futhi omile ekwindla.
Izimbali zasendlini zigawulwa ngesigamu entwasahlobo ukuze kugcinwe isihlahla sokuhlobisa isikhathi eside. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, ngemuva kweminyaka engama-5-6, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuvuselelwa, ngoba isisekelo amahlumela sinwebeka kakhulu futhi sivezwa.
Ubunzima obungahle bube khona
Ngomjuluko omningi nokuqina kwamanzi, i-saxifrage ithinteka yi-powdery isikhutha nokugqwala. Izindawo ezinobumba nazo zingabonakala emaqabungeni. Ukuvimbela izifo ezinjalo, kuyadingeka ukugcina izitshalo egumbini elomile futhi unqande ukuthambisa. Amaqabunga alimile namahlumela ayanqunywa, futhi izingxenye ezisele ziphathwa nge- "sulfate yethusi" noma i-fungicides.
Kwesinye isikhathi izimbuzane zesicabucabu, izibungu kanye nama-aphid zihlala emahlathini. Zinyamalala ngokushesha ngokwanele ngemuva kokwelashwa ngesibulala-zinambuzane ("Aktara", "Pyrimor") noma isixazululo sensipho.
Kusetshenziswa ama-Saxifrages
Ikhaphethi eluhlaza okotshani, lapho izimbali ezipinki nezimhlophe ezigxotsheni ezinde zikhuphuka njengezokufakelwa, ilungele ukubuka okwama-rockeries, amagquma asezintabeni nokuhlobisa ngobumbono. Ama-Saxifrages ahlobisa kalula imigwaqo futhi ahlobise imingcele. Ibuye isetshenziswe engadini engaphakathi nanjengesitshalo se-ampel. Ozakwethu be-saxifrage bangaba yi-phlox, i-tiarella, i-lingonberry noma i-Chinese gentian.
Kuyaziwa ukusebenzisa i-saxifrage njengomuthi. Amaqabunga ayo aqukethe inani elikhulu le-flavonoids, ama-alkaloid, ama-saponins, ama-organic acid nama-coumarins. Ama-decoctions athathwa njenge-anti-inflammatory, anti-febrile kanye ne-analgesic. Ngosizo lwabo baphatha i-bronchitis, i-tonsillitis, i-gout, ama-hemorrhoid, imichilo yamaphaphu nezilonda zesikhumba.
