I-Liatris isitshalo esihle se-herbaceous esiqhakaza kahle esingaba umhlobiso omuhle kakhulu wombhede wezimbali ngokubonga kwama-inflorescence amade afana namakhandlela amfushane. Ungowomndeni wakwa-Astrov futhi uqhamuka eNyakatho Melika. Futhi, i-lyatris ibizwa ngokuthi "ulimi lwenyoka", "izimpaphe ezihlekisayo", "inkanyezi evuthayo." Akumnandi kangako iphunga le-lyatris. Simnandi kancane, sisondele e-vanilla, kepha sihambisana namanothi we-tart of hay omusha. Ngokumangazayo, leli phunga elimnandi alilijabulisi inundu, ngakho-ke izimbali zibekwa ekhabethe ukuze zisabise inkathazo. Inezakhiwo ze-lyatris nezokwelapha. Shono igama lakhe lingahunyushwa ngokuthi "udokotela".
Incazelo yezitshalo
ILiatris ingamakhambi ongapheli onomzimba wezimpande ombozwe yi-corm. Isigaxa esiminyene sishesha ukwakheka ngaphezu komhlabathi sinezimpande eziqonde ku-0,3-1 m. Amahlumela ambozwe ngokulinganayo ngamahlamvu aluhlaza okhanyayo oqondile ngaphandle kwama-petioles. Amaqabunga akhula amakhwela noma acule, akhiwe eduze komunye nomunye. Emacembe kukhona izindlala ezifihla ama-coumarins - izinto ezinephunga elisetshenziselwa ukudala uwoyela obalulekile.
Ehlobo, kuqhakaza izimbali eziningi. Emaphethelweni amahlumela aqhakaza, ama-inflorescence akhanyayo aqhakaza aze afike kubude obungama-40 cm. Ahlala izinsuku ezingama-30 kuya kwengama-30. Isigaxa eside siqukethe izihlwathi eziningana zama-inflorescences amancane amancanyana obhasikidi, lapho kuqoqwa khona izimbali zeshubhu ezinombala omhlophe, opinki, onsomi noma onsomi. Ama-inflorescences aqala ukuqhakaza esuka phezulu, futhi amahlumela phansi avuleke ngokuphelele.
AmaCorollas aqukethe amacembe amade amancanyana, ngakho-ke sonke isipikili sibonakala siguqekile. Iphunga elihle liheha izinambuzane eziningi ezizuzisayo esizeni. Ngemuva komsebenzi wabo, izithelo ziyavuthwa - ama-achenes angagciniwe anezimbambo ezishiwo mpo.
Izinhlobo zeLiatris
Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaba ngu-50, kepha ezintathu kuphela zazo zitholakala kakhulu kusiko.
Spikelet Liatris (spicata). Isithombo sotshani esiphansi esinamaqabunga aqinile, anamaqabunga. Ubude bawo abudluli ku-50 cm. Amaqabunga abushelelezi opopayi apendwe ngombala oluhlaza ogqamile. NgoJuni-Julayi, isiqu esixineneyo siqhakaza ubude obu-30-35 cm. Izinhlobonhlobo:
- I-Kobold - ama-inflorescence aphuzi-onsomi aqhakaza amahlumela aze afike ku-40 cm ukuphakama;
- UFlorian Weiss - uvela cishe ekupheleleni okungu-90 cm ngamakhandlela amakhulu amhlophe qhwa;
- IFloristan Violet iyiqembu lezinhlobonhlobo eziqhakaza ngemithunzi ehlukene onsomi.
I-Rough Liatris (i-aspera). Yakha iziqu zamahlumela aqondile afinyelela ku-1.5-2 m ukuphakama namaqabunga. Amahlamvu apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Iziphethu zezihlume zihlotshiswe ngamafushane ama-inflorescence afushane oyindilinga noma onxantathu we-lavender emnyama noma i-purple hue. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-spire ezimhlophe (ezimhlophe) zihlotshiswe ngezimbali ze-fluffy ezimhlophe qhwa.
I-Liatris membranous (scariosa). Amacembe abanzi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka atholakala ezihlahleni ezinde ezinamakhanda. Iziqongo zihlotshiswe ngamaphaneli we-panicle inflorescences afanayo namaphampu. Ziqukethe izimbali ezincane ezipinki nezimpunga. Izinhlobo:
- I-Alba - inflorescence emhlophe emnyama ngezimbali ezinephunga elimnandi;
- Inkazimulo kaSeptemba iyisitshalo esinde esinezimbali ezinkulu ezigqamile pink.
Ukuzala
I-Lyatris isakazeka ngembewu, ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlwanyela imbewu kwenziwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile ekupheleni kukaMashi noma ngoNovemba. Kusezifundeni ezisenyakatho kuphela lapho kufanelekile ukuthi kutshalwe izithombo ngaphambi kokushisa okubandayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ama-grooves angama-1-1,5 cm ajulile enziwe endaweni enokhanyo kahle, ovulekile futhi imbewu isatshalaliswa kuwo. Ukusuka phezulu, izilimo zifafazwa nomhlaba, futhi ebusika zimbozwa nge-peat.
Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwamasonto angama-1-2 futhi awadali inkathazo enkulu kumgcini wegadi. Izitshalo esezikhulile zimunwe, ziniselwe ukhula. NgoSepthemba, zingadluliselwa ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zensimu, lapho zakha khona umfudlana ohlaza okotshani. Izimbali ezihlahleni zizovela kuphela emva kweminyaka eyi-2.
Kaningi, abalimi basakaza i-lyatris imifino yemifino, bahlukanisa ihlathi elikhulu libe izingxenye eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4 le nqubo iyadingeka ukwenza kabusha amathanga. Ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, isihlahla siyambiwa, sihlanzwe emhlabathini bese sihlanganiswa ngesandla ngezingxenye. I-Delenki ephumela lapho itshalwa emhlabathini ibe ngu-8-15 cm ngokujula kwama-25-40 cm. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungalingisi intamo yezimpande lapho utshala.
Tubers form on the rhizome of lyatris abadala. Uma usayizi wazo ungaphezu kuka-2 cm ubukhulu, ngo-Ephreli-Juni, amaqhubu angahlukaniswa futhi atshalwe. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa emhlabathini ovulekile, kuqhume umgodi omncane. Ama-tubers aqhuma emasontweni ayi-3-4.
Ukuhamba nokunakekela
I-Liatris itshalwe endaweni evulekile, enokhanyo. Inhlabathi ejwayelekile yenhlabathi yama-acidity angathathi hlangothi noma abuthakathaka ayifanele. Izinhlabathi ezisindayo nezinomswakama ziyahlukaniswa izitshalo, ngakho-ke azitshalwa emithini, ezindaweni eziphansi noma emachibini aseduze. Ukunakekela i-lithatrix akunakwa. Izitshalo zibekezelela isomiso kahle futhi kuyaqabukela zidinga ukuthambisa, kuphela uma kungabanga khona imvula izinsuku ezingaphezu kwe-10.
Ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, ukugqokwa kokuqala okwenziwe ngamaminerali kwenziwa kanye nobunzima obunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-phosphorus ne-potassium. Ehlobo, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kunconywa ukunisela izihlahla ngesisombululo somquba obolile. Kufanele ukhula umhlabathi njalo eduze kombhede wezimbali ukususa ukhula futhi uthuthukise ukufinyelela kwezimpande ezimpandeni. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukulengulwa kwenziwa ngokucophelela, ngoba nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezikuma-rhizomes zilele ebusweni bomhlaba.
Ama-inflorescence ahlanganisiwe ayathenwa ukuze anganciphisi ukuhlobisa kwamahlathi. Amahlathi aluhlaza anamaqabunga amancanyana ngokwawo ahlobisa ingadi ngokuphelele. Yize izimbali ze-lyatris zingama-perennials, ekwindla yonke ingxenye yomhlabathi iyafa. Inqunywe phansi.
I-Liatris ayivumelani nanoma yiluphi ushintsho lokushisa; ikhula kahle ehlobo sultry futhi ezimvula, lina sezulu. Izimpande zingaba yiqhwa kuphela ebusika obunzima obungenamakhaza emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-25 ° C. Kulokhu, kungcono ukumboza ingadi yezimbali ngamaqabunga awile, i-peat ne-lapnik ukuphakama okungamasentimitha ayi-1010. Straw ayisetshenziselwa lezi zinhloso, ngoba izinduku ezihleliwe kuzo zingagaya amabhula.
Liatris uhlushwa ukubola corms, kanye Powdery isikhutha. Isikhunta sikhula ngokugcwala kwezikhukhula zenhlabathi nokuswakama. Ama thickets aminyene futhi aheha iminenke, ama-slugs, amabhubhu amabhele, ama-nutcrackers kanye namagundane. Ukuvikela amasimu, izitshalo ziyafafazwa ngesibulala-zinambuzane, bese inhlabathi ifakwa. Lapho ungenwe yizifo fungal, fungicides asetshenziswa. Amaqabunga kanye namahlumela athintekile ngenxa yokubumba noma ukubola kumele anqunywe ngokungenacala.
Sebenzisa
Abaqambi bomhlaba basebenzisa i-lyatris ukuhlobisa i-mixborder, isilayidi se-alpine, i-rockery nengadi yezimbali ehlanganisiwe. Isitshalo sigcwalisa ngokuphelele ukwakheka kwama-greens aminyene aminyene nama-inflorescence amahle angajwayelekile. Ngokuvamile zitshalwa eduze kwezindawo zokuphumula noma amafasitela ukuze zijabulele iphunga elimangalisayo. Ama-Ferns, ama-hydrangeas, u-anyanisi wokuhlobisa, okusanhlamvu, ama-roses, ama-geraniums kanye namatshe abazoba ababambisene ne-lyatris engadini yezimbali.
Ama-inflorescence angomiswa futhi asetshenziselwe ukwenza amalungiselelo ezimbali. Zisetshenziselwa nokwesabisa amabhu nezinye izinambuzane eziyingozi endlini.
I-decoction yamaqabunga e-lyatris ine-tonic, diuretic, ukuphulukisa kanye ne-bactericidal action. Kusetshenziswa ngaphakathi, futhi kusetshenziselwa ukugeza isikhumba esinenkinga.
