I-Colchicum (lat. Colchicum), aka Kolhikum noma i-Osennik - isitshalo sezinhlobo zezimila zezimbali. AmaColcans angabomndeni we-koloni, futhi indawo yabo yokusabalalisa i-Central and West Asia, i-Europe neMedithera, neNyakatho Afrika. Igama lesiLatin le-crocus ekwindla lithathwe emagameni elithi Kolkhis, okusho ukuthi Kolkhida. I-Colchis isifunda se-Black Sea, lapho kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-autumn crocus ezivamile. Namuhla, i-crocus ekwindla ikhulile cishe kuzo zonke izindawo ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele. Njengomthetho, isikhathi lapho i-crocus ekwindla ikhula khona ekwindla sekwephuzile (ngasekupheleni kukaSeptemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba).
Kolhikum, uyona i-crocus ekwindla, iyimifino engapheli. Kungabonwa kalula yiziqu ezincane ezinamahlamvu amakhulu wefomu elonged-lanceolate, elifa ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Izimbali zalesi sitshalo ngokuvamile zivela ekwindla, nakuba ezinye izinhlobo ze-autumn crocus ziyaqhakaza entwasahlobo. Ngesikhathi sezimbali, izimbali ezingashadile, ezinjengemifula zivela emhlabathini. Izimbali zifinyelela ku-20 cm ubude. I-crocus ekwindla inobuthi, isazi semvelo esingumGrisi kanye ne-pharmacologist uDioscorides wabhala ngalokhu.
Ake siqhubeke nezici ze-crocus ekwindla ekuchazeni indlela yokulima yalesi sitshalo.
Uyazi? Abantu abavamile, i-crocus ekwindla ibizwa ngokuthi i-flower lousy, i-spider flower, i-safari yama-mead, i-anyanisi yenja, isinkwa esingenambitheka kanye ne-crocus enobuthi.
Indawo nenhlabathi ye-crocus ekwindla
I-crocus ekwindla ithandwa kakhulu kokubili nabalimi abaqalayo kanye nabachwepheshe be-landscape design. Uthando lwe-autumn i-crocus ngenkathi yokuvuna yekwindla, liyabhidliza ngesikhathi lapho izimbali eziningi seziphelile khona. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, amaqabunga amakhulu, amahle eKolkhikum ahlobisa insimu. Kungenzeka ukufihla amaqabunga aphihliwe futhi awile e-autumn phakathi kwezinye izitshalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukutshala i-colchicum phakathi kwezitshalo ezinwabuzelayo ezinjenge-periwinkle nokuzimelela.
I-Colchicum idinga ukulingana okufanele nokunakekelwa. Qala ngokukhomba isayithi lokufika. Lesi sitshalo sithanda izindawo zelanga nge penumbra encane. Kungcono ukugwema izithunzi ezinzima, ngoba kukhona ama-slugs ahlukahlukene ahlasela i-crocus ekwindla.
I-crocus ekwindla idinga inhlabathi elula futhi evulekile enokutholakala okwanele kwezakhi.
Uyazi? Igama elithi "i-autumn crocus" lanikezwa isitshalo ngenxa yokuthi ezinye zezinhlobo zawo ziyaqhakaza ngasekupheleni, kanti ibhokisi lembewu liqala entwasahlobo elandelayo.
Ukutshala ibhulogi ye-autcus crocus evulekile
Isikhathi sokutshala i-crocus ekwindla kufika lapho zonke izimbewu zezitshalo eziqoqiwe ngoJuni-Julayi zihlukaniswa, zihlaselwa kahle futhi zimile kahle. Ama-crocus bulb ama-autumn alungisiwe, futhi uyazibuza ukuthi uzokutshala nini emhlabathini ovulekile? Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokufika kuyingxenye yokuqala ka-Agasti.
Bamba izimbiza ezincane ngamamitha angama-30 ubude, kanti ibanga eliphakathi kwemigodi kufanele libe ngu-15-20 cm. Emva kokuba ama-bulb abekwe emigodini, bafafaze ngokucophelela ngomhlaba, bese uwathululela ngobuningi.
Abalimi abanolwazi batusa sitshala amaqabunga ekwindla emaqenjini amancane nawabumbene. Inzuzo engafanikiyo yezithombo zeqembu yilokho okokuqala ngqamuzana ekwindla ihlakaza imbali eyodwa kuphela. Isitshalo esikhulu sakha ama-new amasha anika izimbali eziningana zomthunzi omhlophe, omnyama noma we-lilac. Izimbali ezinomthelela futhi ezikhanyayo ziyoba umhlobiso omuhle wesakhiwo sakho segadi.
Kubalulekile! Amanzi aqhubekayo ayingozi ekwakhiweni kwekwindla, hlola indawo yakho ngokucophelela futhi uqede yonke imigodi lapho umthamo ungagcina khona.
Ukukhethwa komakhelwane nge-crocus ekwindla
Imbali yasekwindla yase-autumn ngokuqinisekile iyokujabulisa uma ukulima kuqhutshwa "endaweni" ekhethiwe kahle. Umakhelwane omhle wombhede uzoba hellebore, i-peony futhi umjunipha Ngemuva kwezimbali, i-crocus ekwindla izofaka izitshalo ezinwabuzelayo (i-thyme enwabuzelayo, i-obrietta).
I-Kolhikum iphelele ekutshalweni kweqembu emibhedeni yemifula ngezikhathi ezihlala isikhathi eside, kanye nokuhlobisa ama-rockseries, izivande zamadwala, ukutshala izihlahla kanye nezindlela ezihamba emagodini. Futhi, isihlahla ekwindla singakhula emibhoshini, ekhishwa emgwaqweni, emabhaleni, noma ehlotshaniswa nomhlobiso wangaphakathi.
4. Indlela yokunakekela i-crocus ekwindla
Isici esiyingqayizivele se-crocus ekwindla kungukunganakwa kwayo. Ukuphuza isitshalo kuyadingeka kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhula komquba kanye nokumelela okuqinile kwenhlabathi. Ngesikhathi sokuvuna kwe-crocus ekwindla akudingekile ukuba amanzi, futhi i-crocus ekwindla ekhulile emiphakathini nayo ayiphuziswa.
I-Kolhikum ingahlaselwa yi-slugs edla izimbali zezitshalo emthunzini noma emanzini. Ngalokhu udinga ukuqapha njalo futhi ubambe izinambuzane njalo.
Phakathi kweminye imisebenzi yokunakekelwa kwesitshalo - ukususwa kwamafihle omile kanye namaqabunga aphihliwe, kanye nokwehla. Ebusika, i-crocus ekwindla kufanele ihlanganiswe ngendwangu yamakhasi asomile nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-non -ven material (agrofibre).
Ungakhohlwa ukwenza izihlalo ezifika ngesikhathi se-colchicum, ngoba ukuqoqwa okukhulu kwama-bulb kuzoholela ekutheni lesi sitshalo sizoshintshela kuphela kuhlobo lokukhiqiza. Kulesi simo, i-crocus ekwindla imane iqede ukukhula. I-crocus ye-autumn kufanele ifakwe kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili.
Uyazi? Ama-bulbs nezinhlamvu ze-autumn crocus zasendle zisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa njengendlela yokwelapha isifo sofuba kanye nomdlavuza.
Indlela yokubhekana nezifo zezinambuzane kanye ne-autumn crocus
Izinambuzane eziyinhloko ze-crocus ekwindla yizinkatha kanye nezikhwama ezidla amahlamvu esitshalo. Ukulwa nabo, ungafaka izicupho ezikhethekile noma usebenzise i-molluscicides (methiocarb noma i-metaldehyde). Ukuze uvikele isitshalo emasakeni, gcwalisa isikhala emkhatsini wemigqa negravel emihle noma nje i-egg shell. Futhi eduze nomjikelezo wesayithi ongayifaka ama-gutter epulasitiki agcwele amanzi, futhi lokhu kuzoba umgoqo wokumisa izinambuzane.
Ukubola okumnyama kuyisifo esithinta i-crocus ekwindla, Incazelo yayo kufanele iqale ngezimo zalokho okwenzekayo. Njengomthetho, kwenzeka lapho isitshalo sikhwamile ngokweqile. Ukubola okuGrey - isifo sefungal of nature. Ngokunqotshwa okuncane, lesi sitshalo kufanele siphathwe ngezidakamizwa ezilandelayo: "Uqhawe", "Topaz", "Kuproksat".
Kubalulekile! Izingxenye ezikhuthele kakhulu ze-crocus ekwindla kumele zisuswe futhi ukulinganisela kulinganise.
Hlukana ne-crocus ekwindla
Amaqabunga amakhulu ekwindla (ngaphezulu kuka-3 cm ububanzi) asetshenziselwa ubusika ukuphoqa. Ama-crocus ama-autumn akudingeki ukuba aphonswe ngemuva kwe-distillation, njengamanye ama-bulbous. Ama-dug aphuma ehlobo kufanele abe omisiwe kahle futhi afakwe endaweni epholile emnyama. Cishe inyanga ngaphambi kokusabalalisa okulindelwe, i-bulb itshalwe ebhokisini noma embizeni enhlabathini evundile. Lapho, u-anyanisi aphuziswa ngezikhathi ezithile futhi agcinwe ekamelweni lokushisa kuze kuvele amahlumela okuqala.
Emva kwalokho, ibhokisi kumele lihanjiswe endaweni ekhanyisiwe lapho izimbali zitshalo. Ebusika, ibhokisi lingadluliselwa ebhokisini noma emgwaqweni. Lapho, inhlabathi ebhokisini kufanele ihlanganiswe kalula neqhwa ukuvimbela ama-bulb kusuka ekuqandeni. Entwasahlobo, ziyogcwala amahlamvu aluhlaza futhi zizokwenza inzalo entsha iphoqelelwe.
Kubalulekile! I-bulb eyodwa inganikeza izimbali eziningana, ngakho-ke amabhokisi kumele asuswe endaweni ekhanyisiwe kuphela emva kokuphela kwezimbali.
Ukwenza kanjani ukufakelwa kabusha futhi kanjani
Emva kwe-colchicum iminyaka engu-6-7 izohlala endaweni eyodwa, kumele ifakwe kabusha, njengoba izilimo eziyizigaxa zisondela eduze esidlekeni, futhi izimbali ziba ezincane.
Ukufakelwa kwesitshalo ngokuvamile kuqhutshwa ngesikhathi sokuphumula, okungukuthi, ngo-Agasti. Uma lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa zikhulu ngokwanele, zitshalwe ekujuleni kwe-cm 15, kude no-25 cm kusuka komunye nomunye. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane akufanele zigcwwe ngokujulile, 6-8 cm ngokwanele, ibanga kufanele libe ngu-10-15 cm. Ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha, udinga ukutshala umhlaba ngomlotha kanye ne-superphosphate - lokhu kuzosiza ekwandiseni ukukhula kwezimpande, kube lula ubusika futhi kubangele izimbali eziningi.
I-crocus ekwindla ingumhlobiso wangempela wombhede wakho wembali. Ukuhlobisa ngalesi sitshalo esimangalisayo, futhi ngokuqinisekile kuyokunika imizwa eminingi emihle.
