I-Aeschinanthus isitshalo somhlobiso ovela emndenini wakwaGesneriaceae. Ukusuka olimini lwesiGrikhi, igama lihumusha ngokuthi "imbali ehlanekezelwe", echazwa yi-asymmetric, indlela egobekile ye-corolla. Izitshalo zasekhaya ziyindawo ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Asia (India, Vietnam). Izizwa imnandi ezimweni zasekamelweni. Isitshalo impela exotic futhi akujwayelekile, ngakhoke kuzoba umhlobiso omuhle wekamelo. Amahlumela ayo ahlelekile angahle alungiswe ngendlela yesihlahla noma avunyelwe ukuwa ngokukhululeka esuka ebhodweni le-cache. Njengoba sifunde imithetho embalwa elula, kulula ukufeza ukukhula okusebenzayo nokuqhakaza okuvela ku-eshinanthus.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-Aeschinanthus iyi-evergreen perennial. Izazi zezimbali zikubiza ngamahlamvu aqhakazayo nokuhlobisa. Iqiniso ukuthi phakathi kwezimbali, amaqabunga acwebezelayo anephethini elikhanyayo adonsela ukunaka okungaphansi. Emvelweni yemvelo, i-eshinanthus isitshalo se-epiphytic. Uhlala phezu kwesiqu zezihlahla ezinkulu nezibambo, kepha angondli ekushayeni kwawo.
Izihlahla eziguquguqukayo zizungeza izihlahla namagatsha amakhulu, njengomvini. Ubude besiqu sokophuka kwendlu singamasentimitha angama-30-90. Izicutshana eziphansi, ziyagawulwa, futhi ezindaweni ezimboziwe zimbozwe ngamaqabunga aphambili anama-petioles amafushane. Amapuleti amaqabunga anamafutha ayimise okwamajamo abushelelezi nangaphethelo. Zipendwe ziluhlaza okugqamile futhi kwesinye isikhathi zimbozwa ngephethini. Ubude beshidi bufika ku-10-12 cm, futhi ububanzi buyi-3-4 cm.
Amaphethelo amahlumela ngesikhathi sezimbali ambozwe izikejana ezinde eziqoqwe ngamabhulashi ahamba. I-buds ngesimo samashubhu amade ngenxa yamabhuluki e-burgundy ifana namashubhu we-lipstick. Imvamisa, ngenxa yalokhu, lesi sitshalo sibizwa nge- "lipstick" ("lipstick"). Isisekelo se-tube sinombala ophuzi, kanti i-hue ebomvu ye-orange iqala phambili emaphethelweni aphakeme. Ishubhu ende ye-ovary emhlophe iphuma enkabeni yimbali eqhakazayo.
Izinhlobo ze-Eschinanthus
Uhlobo lwe-eschinanthus luhlukile. Kuhlanganisa cishe izinhlobo ezingama-200 zezitshalo. Kodwa-ke, azikho ngaphezu kwe-15 zazo ezisetshenziswa emasikweni.
I-Aeschinanthus imabula (isiqu eside). Isitshalo esinamaqabunga okuhlobisa sibopha amahlumela agobekayo kusuka ebhodweni. Kuso eduze kwabo kukhona ama-internode. Amacembe aluhlaza aphikisayo anemibala enemibala. Imisinga ekhanyayo engalingani idonswa kusuka emthanjeni ophakathi kuya emaphethelweni. Umhlane upendiwe ngemibala ehlukahlukene onsundu. Izimbali zalolu hlobo azikhanga kangako. Amashubhu amancane, ngisho nangemva kokuvula, aluhlaza okotshani.
I-Aeschinanthus yinhle (yinhle). Isitshalo esithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali sinamahlumela aguquguqukayo ambozwe ngamaqabunga anombala we-monophonic emerald. Ubude beqabunga onqenqemeni olukhonjisiwe kungamasentimitha ayi-10 (10 cm) buvela ku-50 cm ubude behlela emhlabathini. Emaphethelweni ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ama-inflorescence aminyene we-9-12 wezimbali ziyaqhakaza. Amathambo obomvu athambile akhula ephuma kushubhu elincanyana eligobile.
I-Aeschinantus Twister. Isici esiyingqayizivele sale nhlobo singamaqabunga aluhlaza obumnyama. Kubonakala ngathi zimbozwe ngentambo wax. I-Foliage, njengamahlumela, inesimo egobile futhi ifana nama-curls. Emakhasini amaqabunga, kuqhakaza izimbali ezibomvu ze-asymmetric eziqhakaza.
Aeschinantus Mona Lisa. Iziqu ezigobekile ezigobekile zimbozwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani obumnyama onendawo ecwebezelayo. Kuvele kubo ithambo eliphakathi nendawo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, amakhekhe aminyene wezimbali ezibomvu ezibomvu zeimbali aqhakaza. Izinhlobonhlobo zithathwa njengezingenakubalwa.
Aeschinantus Lobba. Izithombo ezinde eziguqukayo zidwetshwe ngombala obomvu-onsomi futhi zimbozwe ngamahlamvu amancane ama-ovoid. Indawo engezansi eshidi ilula (luhlaza okotshani). Emaphethelweni wezinhlaka, izandla eziminyene zezimbali ze-tubescent tubular ezinombala obomvu okhanyayo, ezibonakala zivela emseleni omfushane wamabhuleki afakiwe, zivulekile.
Ukuzala
Ukusakazwa kwembewu kudinga umzamo omkhulu kanye nezimo zokugcina ukushisa, ngakho akuvamile ukusetshenziswa ngabatshali bezimbali abajwayelekile. Ukuze ukhule i-eschinanthus kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, ihlwanyelwa engxenyeni engamanzi yesanti-peat futhi embozwe ifilimu. Indawo ebamba ukushisa igcinwa endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, efudumele (+ 23 ... + 25 ° C). Ngaphambi kokuvela, ingilazi ayisusiwe, futhi ukuthambisa kwenziwa ngetray. Lapho kuvela amahlumela amancane, ahlala endiza, kodwa ungagijimeli ukususa ngokuphelele indawo yokukhosela. Ngemuva kwamasonto angama-2-3 umlutha, ingilazi ye-greenhouse ingasuswa. Izithombo ezikhulile zishona kwelinye ibhokisi elinobude obungama-3-5 cm phakathi kwezitshalo noma ezimbizeni ezincane zezingcezu ezimbalwa.
Ekhaya, i-eshinanthus ivame ukusakazwa izindlela zokusungula imifino. Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo nehlobo, ukusika okuvela eziqongweni zamahlumela kungagawulwa. Kufanele babe nezindawo ezingama-1-2. Ingxenye engezansi iphathwa nge-isivuseleli sokukhula futhi ngokushesha itshalwe emabhodweni amancane ngenhlanganisela ye-sphagnum, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat. Ama-cuttings ambozwe nge-cap esobala futhi agcinwe emazingeni okushisa angaba ngu-25 ° C. Lapho izimpande zivela futhi i-sapling ihlangana, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa bese lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa ebhodweni elisha elinenhlabathi yimbali endala. Ngendlela efanayo, eshinanthus isakazwa ngamaqabunga ngamanye. Zinqunywa zisondelene nehlumela.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Ukuze ama-eschinanthus akhule futhi aqhakaze kahle ekhaya, okuqukethwe kwawo kufanele kusondezwe ngangokunokwenzeka endaweni yemvelo. Emakhaya asemadolobheni, ubunzima buhlala ekugcineni umswakama kanye lokushisa.
Masinyane nje ngemuva kokuthenga, kunconywa ukuthi imbali idluliselwe ngokufakelwa. Kukhethwa imbiza engashoni ephakathi nendawo enezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Ingxube yenhlabathi yenziwe ngezakhi ezilandelayo:
- inhlabathi eshidi;
- ukuphakama okuphezulu;
- isihlabathi somfula;
- sphagnum moss;
- amalahle;
- kakhukhunathi fiber.
Wonke umsebenzi wokutshala wenziwa kahle entwasahlobo. Ngemuva kwenqubo, lesi sitshalo sidinga umthunzi omncane nomswakama ophezulu.
Isibani Izitshalo zithanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokukhanya. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngemabula ye-eschinanthus. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile emaqabunga akwamukeleki. Ilanga lishisa ngesikhumba esincanyana ngokushesha okukhulu bese lishisa ifomu.
Ukushisa Ukushisa komoya okuphezulu kwesitshalo kuyinto + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukungena njalo komoya omusha, kepha uma kungenjalo kufanele kushiywe kokusalungiswa. Ukushintshwa kwezinga lokushisa okungazelelwe nakho akwamukeleki. Ngakho-ke, ehlobo, ngenxa yokupholisa ebusuku, imbali ayikhiphelwa ngaphandle komgwaqo. Ukuze uzuze ukuqhakaza, kubalulekile ukumnikeza isikhathi sokuphumula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngoFebhuwari, izinyanga ezi-1-1,5, i-eschinanthus igcinwa emazingeni okushisa angama- + 13 ... + 14 ° C nokukhanya okuhle.
Umswakama. Umswakama ophakeme uyisihluthulelo sokukhula ngempumelelo kwezitshalo ezishisayo, ngakho-ke i-eskhinantus ifafazwa njalo futhi igezwe eshaweni efudumele.
Ukunisela. Inhlabathi esebhodweni akufanele yome ngaphezulu kwesithathu. Imvamisa izitshalo ziniselwa izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto. Uketshezi oluningi kufanele lususwe ngokushesha kwisump. Amanzi kufanele ahlanzwe futhi agcinwe kahle emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.
Umanyolo. Ukusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba, i-eskhinantus isuthiswa izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngenyanga ngesisombululo somanyolo wezimbiwa zezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufakwa emhlabathini kude nesiqu.
Izihlahla. Ebusika, ikakhulukazi uma kugcinwa kufudumele futhi kungakhanyi kahle, amahlumela ayavezwa futhi welulwa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, izihlahla zenziwa entwasahlobo. Ngaye, kungcono ukulinda kuze kuqedwe ukuqhakaza. Susa kuze kuthathe ingxenye yesithathu yeziqu, amaqabunga omile kanye namahlumela aminyene. Kodwa ngisho nokuthena izihlahla ngeke kulondoloze i-eskhinantus unomphela. Kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-5-6, imbali iyavuselelwa.
Izifo nezinambuzane. Naphezu kwalo lonke uthando lomswakama nokunisela, umuntu kufanele abheke isilinganiso, ngaphandle kwalokho i-eschinanthus izoshaywa ngu-grey noma izimpande ukubola. Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu yi-mealybug, ama-thrips kanye ne-aphid. Bangakwazi ukusabalala kusuka emhlabathini ngesikhathi ukufakelwa. Ukwelashwa kwezinambuzane kusiza ukuqeda ngokushesha izinambuzane.
