I-Lobelia isitshalo esidlidlakudla esivela emndenini wakwaBellflower. Kuvamile eSouth Africa kanye nasendaweni engaseningizimu ye-hemisphere eseningizimu. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele nakwezinye izindawo zasenyakatho ezengeziwe, ama-perennials atshalwa njengonyaka. Amahlumela amancane egatsha we-lobelia akhula ngokuqondile noma alengiswe kahle. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, zimbozwe kakhulu ngezimbali ezincane ze-asymmetric. Isitshalo sikulungele ukubuka indawo noma kuvulandi. Kwakha isembozo esiminyene esingaphansi, ukunakekelwa okufuna umzamo omncane kakhulu kusuka ku-engadi.
Incazelo yeBotanical
ILobelia isitshalo esinezimbali ezinamahlumela amancane, aqhakaze kakhulu. Kukhona amafomu nezihlahla ezimbozayo. Ukuphakama kokudubula okukhanyayo akudluli ku-10-20 cm. Amahlumela aqondile angafinyelela ku-50 cm ukuphakama. Kubo bonke ubude bez amahlumela, kukhona amaqabunga acwengekile e-lanceolate asessile. Zinepuleti leqabunga eliqinile lombala oluhlaza okotshani. Iziqu namaqabunga ambozwe ngenqwaba emfushane yomthunzi obhulayo noma wesiliva.
Engxenyeni engenhla yamahlumela ngoJuni-Julayi, izimbali ezi-axillary ezizodwa eziqhakaza ngama-pedicels amafushane. Ububanzi bentyatyambo abudluli ku-2 cm. Unesimo esinezindebe ezimbili ezinamacembe aphakeme amafushane. Enkabeni kukhona ama-stamens amafushane ane-anthers enkulu ne-ovary. Ama-petals angaba nombala onsomi, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omhlophe, opinki, onsomi noma onsomi. Izitshalo ezinombala ofanayo wama-petals noma iso elihlukile ziyatholakala. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka kuze kufike lapho kubanda khona.
Ama-buds anamakha aheha izimvemvane, izinyosi nezinye izinambuzane. Ngemuva kokuvota, amabhokisi embewu enezingxenye ezimbili ezivuthiwe. Ziqukethe imbewu emincane kakhulu, enothuli yombala onsundu omnyama. Agcina amandla okuqhuma aze afike eminyakeni emi-3.
Ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo
Uhlobo lwe-lobelia luhluke kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezingama-360 zezitshalo kuwo, noma kunjalo, izinhlobo zokuhlobisa ezimbalwa nje zazo zisetshenziswa kakhulu kusiko.
I-Lobelia erinus. Isitshalo esivame kakhulu isihlahla esidala esingama-10-40 cm. Sakha isihlahla esiminyene esiyindilinga. Ama-Internode asondelene, aqhakambisa amahlamvu esundu angama-3-6 cm ubude futhi afinyelela ku-1.5 cm. Amaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile angathola i-hue ekhanyayo onsomi. NgoJuni-Septhemba, lesi sitshalo simbozwe ngezimbali ezi-axillary eyodwa ezinobubanzi obungu-13-20 mm. Iningi lazo likhona eziqongweni zezihlumela. Ngo-Agasti-Septhemba, ama-achenes avuthwa kabili, avulela ngokuzimela amavalvu futhi asakaze imbewu emhlabathini. Izinhlobo:
- I-Reggata rose - izimbali ezipinki ezineso lekhilimu;
- I-Sky Blu (Sky Blu) - Izimbali ezisesibhakabhaka ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- I-Reggata blu - izimbali ezi-violet-eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngamehlo aphuzi.
I-Lobelia ampelous (ukukhuphuka). Lesi sitshalo sihlukaniswa amahlumela amancane, anamaqabunga anombala oluhlaza ogqamile. Bafinyelela ukuphakama okungu-10-15 cm, baqala ukuncika phansi. Iziqu ngokwazo zingakhula zibe ngama-50 cm ubude. Amacembe amancane oblong adala ifu eliluhlaza elinomoya. NgoJuni, izimbali eziqhakazile zinezindebe ezimbili ziyaqhakaza ngaphezulu kwesihlahla. Isindebe esingaphezulu siqukethe amacembe amancane ama-2 ahlanganisiwe, kanti eliphansi liqukethe amacembe amakhulu amathathu. Izinhlobo:
- ISapphire - amahlumela amade aqumba enza ihlumela elimbozwe izimbali ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngamehlo amhlophe;
- I-Cascade ebomvu - ifinyelela phansi kuze kube ngu-35 cm ukugoba phansi ehlobo; ehlobo zimbozwe kakhulu nge-raspberry noma izimbali ezibomvana ezikhanyayo.
Lobelia ukhadinali (onsomi). Impela, isitshalo esikhulukazi esinamahlumela aqhakaze kakhulu sakha ibhola sifinyelela kububanzi obuyi-1m. Iziqu namaqabunga aluhlaza ambozwe ngenqwaba emfushane. NgoJuni, ama-inflorescence amade abukeka njenge-spike we-carmine noma aqhakazile aqhakaza pinki. Inhlobonhlobo ethanda umswakama isetshenziselwa ukwaluka komhlaba emabhishi.
ILobelia Dortman (amanzi). Isitshalo esimangalisayo esimibandayo esigcotshwe kancane kancane emanzini. Amahlumela aqondile, angenasisekelo abuningi phansi azungezwe yi-rosette yamaqabunga aqondile angama-7-8 cm. Amahlamvu angena ngokuphelele emanzini. Ekupheleni kukaJulayi, kuphakama amahlumela angenalutho ngaphezu kwesiqongo bese ancibilikisa izimbali ezimhlophe zodwa. Kwesinye isikhathi i-pinkish tint noma i-bluish tint ibonakala ngombala wamaphalishi.
ILobelia yinhle. Iziqu eziqondile, ezinamagatsha anamanzi zikhula ngo-60-90 cm ukuphakama. Zimbozwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani obumnyama. Ekupheleni kukaJuni, ama-inflorescence ama-racemose atholakalayo aqhakaza izimbali ze-tubular eziqongweni. Ububanzi be-corolla bufika ku-3 cm. Inesimo se-asymmetric futhi ipendwe ngombala obomvu noma opinki. Izinhlobo:
- I-Fan Scarlet - isihlahla esingafika ku-60 cm ubude sichitha i-inflorescence ebomvu evuthayo;
- Ukuncoma okubomvu okujulile (i-Red Red) - ama-burgundy-brown eides avela ku-70 cm ukuphakama ambozwe ngamahlamvu aluhlaza acwebezelayo, kanye nama-inflorescence ansomi ahlobisa iziqongo;
- Inkosazana yaseRussia - ivele yafika ku-90 cm ukuphakama, kanye namaqabunga adwetshwe ngombala onsomi-onsomi, i-inflorescence iqukethe izithunzi ezi-pink ezikhanyayo.
Ukukhula kwe-lobelia kusuka ezinhlanyelweni
I-Lobelia isatshalaliswa kahle yimbewu, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokuqothula, imbewu eqoqwe yodwa ingahluka ngombala wezimbali. Izinyanga ezingama-3-4 zingadlula kusuka ekuhlwanyelweni ziye kwezimbali, ngakho-ke i-lobelia ngaphambili ihlwanyelwa izithombo. Kwenze ngoJanuwari-uFebhuwari. Sebenzisa amapuleti enhlabathi evundile evundile. Imbewu incane kakhulu ukuze kube lula ukusabalalisa ngokulinganayo; imbewu ixubene nesihlabathi. Abanye abalimi bazilolongela ukuhlwitha eqhweni. Okusho ukuthi, iqhwa elincanyana libekwa emhlabathini kuqala, okulula kulo ukubona imbewu encane. Lapho ukuncibilika kweqhwa kuncibilika, baba ngaphansi kwemvelo.
Awudingi ukumba imbewu emhlabathini, vele uyicindezele kalula. Isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu futhi sibekwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle lapho kufudumele khona egumbini. Faka umoya bese ufafaza abamba ukushisa nsuku zonke. Ezinsukwini eziyishumi nanhlanu, kuvela amahlumela amancane avelayo. Abesabi umoya owomile, ngakho-ke indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa. Ngasikhathi sinye, inhlabathi idinga ukushiswa njalo, ngoba inhlabathi eyomile izobhubhisa izithombo ngokushesha.
Ngenyanga yokuqala, izithombo zikhula kancane, okuyisona isizathu sokukhathazeka. Lapho nje zifika kubude obuyi-3-4 cm, zingena zingene ezinkomweni zepeat ezihlukile zezitshalo ezi-3-4. I-Pinch iphusha ubude obungu-6-7 cm ukuze ibe ngamagatsha angcono. Amahlamvu wokuqala angakheka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukusakazwa kwemifino
I-Lobelia perennial isatshalaliswa ngempumelelo nge-cuttings. Le ndlela yokusabalalisa ibaluleke kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezihlobisa kakhulu, ngoba ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine izinhlamvu ezihlukile. Ngalo lonke ihlobo ngisho nasebusika ngokutshala kwasendlini, amahlumela angaba ngu-8-10 cm. Azinze emhlabathini omanzi noma emanzini. Ngokuqala kwezimpande, ukusika okutshalwe emhlabathini omanzi engadini futhi kuniselwe ngokunakekela. Inhlabathi akufanele yome ngokuphelele, kepha ngokuzuma isikhathi eside emanzini ezimpandeni kuvela "umlenze omnyama".
Ukufika kwangaphandle
Lapho uthatha isinqumo sokutshala i-lobelia emhlabathini ovulekile, udinga ukugxila ekushiseni okujwayelekile kwansuku zonke. Kufanele isethwe ku + 15 ... + 17 ° C. Izithombo zingamelana nokupholisa kwesikhashana esifushane ukuya ku-2 ° C, kepha kungakuhle ukuthi ziyitshale ngemuva kokunyamalala kwamafriji okubuya. Imvamisa lokhu kungukuphela kukaMeyi noma ukuqala kukaJuni. Nge-snap ebandayo engalindelekile, izitshalo zimbozwe ngefilimu.
Indawo ebanjwayo kufanele ivuleke futhi ibe nelanga, inenhlabathi evulekile, evundile ngokulinganiselwe. I-Lobelia ikhula kahle kusihlabathi naku-loam, kepha ayibekezeleli inhlabathi enobumba esindayo. I-acidity yenhlabathi kumele ingathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic kancane. Ufulawa weDolomite, ikhareji noma ilimu elitshekile kufakwa emhlabathini one-asidi. Imigodi yokutshala engajulile ebangeni le-10-15 cm ilungiselelwe izithombo. Masinyane nje ngemuva kokutshala, izitshalo ziniselwa kakhulu.
Ukunakekelwa Kwe-Lobelia
I-Lobelia isitshalo esingahloniphi, esingelona esokuzithokozisa. Inkinga enkulu ukuthambisa ejwayelekile. Amanzi athululelwa ngaphansi kwempande izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto. Izitshalo ezenziwa Potted ziniselwa nsuku zonke, futhi ekushiseni okukhulu kabili ngosuku. Amanzi awakwazi ukufafazwa, ngoba ngisho nangaphansi kwelanga lasekuseni, amaconsi, njengama-prisms, agxila emisebeni futhi abangele ukushiswa. Ngenxa yalokhu, hhayi kuphela amaqabunga ayohlupheka, kepha izimbali ngokwazo ziyoqothuka futhi zingabi zihle.
Kabili ngenyanga, i-lobelia iphekelwa ngento eyinkimbinkimbi yamaminerali noma ye-organic yezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Musa ukuxhaphaza umanyolo ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba nenqwaba yemisipha eluhlaza, kepha izimbali ezimbalwa.
Ngemuva kwegagasi lokuqala lokuqhakaza, amahlumela anqunywe futhi ashiywe ngo-5-10 cm kusuka ebusweni bomhlaba. Maduze nje kuzovela amahlumela amasha futhi izimbali ziqala kabusha. Ekwindla, ngonyaka kusikwa, bese inhlabathi ibiwe. Abaningi babo bazoba nesikhathi sokuzitshala ngalesi sikhathi kanti entwasahlobo ingadi yezimbali izoqala ngokwayo.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, udinga ukuba nesikhathi sokuletha izitshalo ezanele egumbini noma endaweni ebamba ukushisa. Ubusika bonke butshaliwe ekushiseni kwe + 12 ... + 15 ° C, egumbini elifudumele kakhulu ongeke ukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokukhanyisa.
ILobelia ingahlushwa i-Powdery isikhutha, ukugqwala kanye ne-mosaic emaqabungeni. Zonke lezi yizimpawu zezifo zokukhunta. Kuyadingeka ukuncipha imifino ethintekile futhi uyiqede. Isitshalo sonke siphathwa nge-fungicide. I-Lobelia ivame ukuhlaselwa ngama-aphid, izintuthwane kanye nesibungu sesicabucabu. Ukusuka kwizinambuzane, baphathwa ngesinambuzane (i-Fitoverm, Biotli).
Ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo
I-lobelia emfishane ye-bushy ilungele ukuklama i-mixborder, isaphulelo, ingadi yezimbali ehlanganisiwe kanye neqhwa elingaphansi lengadi yedwala. Imicamelo eminyene yezimbali ibukeka kahle ngokungafani nesizinda sotshani obuluhlaza, izitshalo ezihlotshisayo nezihlobisayo. Ngenxa yemibala ehlukahlukene enjalo, kungenzeka ukudala ingadi yezimbali kuphela kusuka ku-lobelia enemibala ehlukene.
Lesi sitshalo sihambisana kahle nezinye izimbali, ngisho nakuzimbali. Yakha ngokushesha ukuqhuma kwamabhola amakhulu noma imicamelo engafakwa kuvulandi, kuvulandi ngisho nasezinsikeni ezingadini. ILobelia ihamba kahle ngama-marigolds, petunia, calendula, geyhera, begonia, pansies.
