I-Mirabilis isitshalo esenziwa minyaka yonke noma sisetshenziswa kwezimbali ezinezimbali ezinhle. Ungowomndeni kaNiktaginov futhi uqhamuka ezifundeni ezinezintaba ezifudumele zaseNyakatho naseMelika Ephakathi. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-mirabilis abizwa nge- "mirabillis" noma "ubuhle ebusuku." Iqiniso ukuthi cishe zonke izimbali eziqhakazile zihlala zivaliwe, futhi kusihlwa ziyaqhakaza, zisakaza iphunga elinamandla, elimnandi nxazonke. Ntambama, ama-mirabilis ahlobisa ingadi ngesihlahla esisakazayo sokukhula okuluhlaza okukhanyayo.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-Mirabilis luhlobo lwezitshalo zamakhambi ngonyaka noma zisetshenziswa. Ingquza yayo yentonga esontekile, njengentambo, iyayondla. Akha amashubhu amade wesundu, embozwe ngesikhumba esiphuzi. Izakhi zetuber emvelweni yemvelo zisiza isitshalo ukusinda kwisomiso nesikhathi sokubanda.
Iziqu eziqinile eziqinile zinenqubo eminingi ye-lateral, ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo sakha isihlahla esivuthayo esiphakeme ngo-80-100 cm. Amaqabunga e-petiole aphikisanayo efomu le-oval noma le-ovate akhula amahlumela. Ipuleti le-Smooth shiny sheet lipendiwe luhlaza okotshani. Ithambo elilula libonakala kahle enkabeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingxenye engezansi yamahlumela iba nesithunzi futhi imbozwe ngegxolo elimnyama onsundu.
NgoMeyi-Juni, kuma-axils amaqabunga nangaphezulu kwesiqalo sezimbali eziqhakazile eziqhakaza zinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-2-3,5. Zitholakala zodwa noma ziqoqwe ngaphansi kombhede owodwa obunjiwe bell. I-corolla ngesimo sensimbi noma i-dome enezinhlamvu ezixutshwe ngopende inemibala emhlophe, ephuzi noma ehlukahlukene epinki. Kunezinhlobonhlobo lapho izimbali ezinemibala ehlukahlukene ziyaqhakaza esihlahleni esisodwa. Ama-petals nawo angaba sobala noma ahlukahlukene. Enkabeni kukhona ama-stamens amade amancanyana anama-anthers amakhulu. Bangase babe nombala ohlukile ngokuqondene nama-petals. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izithelo ziyavuthwa - amabhokisi amnyama enhlamvu eyodwa.
Izinhlobo ze-mirabilis
Uhlobo lwe-mirabilis lunezinhlobo ezingama-60 zezitshalo. Engadini ejwayelekile, i-Yalapa mirabilis nezinhlobonhlobo zayo zivame ukusetshenziswa.
Mirabilis Yalapa. I-herbaceous perennial 30-80 cm ukuphakama okuqukethe amahlumela aqhakaze kakhulu. Zimbozwe ngamahlamvu amakhulu aluhlaza okotshani. NgoJuni, ama-inflorescence e-corymbose anezimbali zasebusuku ezimise ngo-2,5 cm ubukhulu.Zikhipha iphunga elimnandi kakhulu futhi zinombala omhlophe, opinki, ophuzi noma obomvu. Izinhlobo ezixubile "Isikhathi setiye" zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi. Kubonakala ngokuqhakaza kwezimbali okuningana futhi kufaka phakathi izitshalo ezinamahlumela anemibala ehlukahlukene kakhulu (owolintshi, okusajingijolo, omhlophe, obomvu, opinki kanye ophuzi).
IMirabilis iyi-multiflorous. I-herbaceous perennial engaba ngu-80 cm ukuphakama iqukethe iziqu ezingenalutho ezimboze ngembozo yamahlamvu amade, anama-ovoid anendawo ebushelelezi. NgoMeyi, ama-inflorescence aqukethe ama-buds afinyelela kwayisithupha aqhakaza phezulu kwehlumela naku-axils wamaqabunga. Zivutha endaweni yokubheda eyodwa ebunjiwe njengensimbi futhi ivuleke ngokulandelana. Izimbali zeTubular zinsomi. Ububanzi babo bufika ku-4-6 cm.
UMirabilis uhamba yedwa. Icwecwe elibumbene elingama-30 cm ukuphakama limbozwe ngamaqabunga anamathela okuyi-cm cm angama-5. Kufika kube nezimbali ezintathu ezibububende obupinki eziqhakaza eziqongweni zokubekwa njengobhedu. Ububanzi be-corolla buyi-1 cm. Izimbali zivulwa kusihlwa bese zivala ekuseni kakhulu.
Ukutshala imbewu
Yize ama-mirabilis e-perennials, awazizwa kahle. Ngakho-ke, ezingadini ezikhule ngonyaka. Kulula kakhulu ukusakaza izitshalo ngembewu. Banikeza ukuzilawula okuhle futhi esimweni sezulu esifudumele umbhede wezimbali uvuselelwa ngokuzimela. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngo-Ephreli ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha indawo enekwe kahle, evulekile enenhlabathi evulekile, evundile. I-Mirabilis ikhula kahle kunhlabathi engathathi hlangothi noma enakekela izingane.
Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esibanda kakhulu, izithombo zikhuliswa kuqala. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngoMashi, isabalalisa imbewu eyodwa ngasikhathi sinye emabhodweni alahlwayo noma ebhokisini elijulile. Njengoba i-rhizome ibaluleke kakhulu, umthamo kufanele ube ujule. Ingxube yenhlabathi yezinsimbi yakhiwa ngesihlabathi esihlanganayo, i-peat kanye nenhlabathi enosawoti. Phambilini imbewu ibilokhu ifakwe emanzini ngesixazululo se-manganese, bese itshalwa ibe ngu-1.5-2 cm. Umhlaba uyaniselwa futhi iziqukathi zimbozwe ngefilimu. Gcina izitshalo endaweni yokushisa ka-18 ... + 20 ° C nangaphezulu endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle.
Amahlumela azovela emavikini angama-2-3. Izithombo ezimbizeni ezihlukene azikwazi ukudotshwa. NgoMeyi, ngezinsuku ezifudumele zelanga, bamkhiphela ngaphandle ukuze abe lukhuni. Lapho ama-frost entwasahlobo edlula, izitshalo zitshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukusakazwa kwemifino
Kwesinye isikhathi ubuhle bebusuku bokuhlobisa izinhlobo busatshalaliswa ngama-tubers. Indlela ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine izimpawu zesitshalo somama. Ama-tubers ambiwa ekwindla abekwe esitsheni esenziwe ngotshani. Igcinwa kuze kube sentwasahlobo esiqandisini noma kwenye indawo endaweni yokushisa elingaba ngu-5 ° C. Entwasahlobo, amaqhubu atshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile aqhuma.
Izitshalo zisakazeka kahle ngokusika. Ama-Semi-lignified amahlumela anqunywa ehlobo futhi omiswe amahora amaningi emoyeni. Ngemuva kwalokho isilayidi siphathwa nge "Kornevin" bese izitshalo zitshalwa enhlabathini enomswakama wesihlabathi. Ukubamba imbala kuthatha amasonto angama-2-3. Ngalesi sikhathi, nisela ngokucophelela izithombo ezisikiwe bese uzigcina zifudumele + 20 ... + 24 ° C. Kuyasiza ukufudumeza inhlabathi kusuka ngaphansi. Izitshalo ezinezimpande zivame ukuvuthwa endlini ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo, bese zidluliselwa zingene endaweni evulekile.
Ukutshala nokunakekela izitshalo
Kuma-mirabilis, ukukhanya okukhulu kubalulekile. Ikhula kahle ezindaweni ezivulekile futhi ayesabi ukusalungiswa. Kepha emthunzini oyingxenye noma ngaphansi komqhele wesihlahla, ukukhula kwezitshalo kuzoncipha kakhulu, kanti nokuqhakaza kwezimbali kungenzeka. Inhlabathi yokutshala kufanele ibe yikhululekile futhi inempilo. Inhlabathi eningi kakhulu yemba ngefulawa ye-dolomite ne-lime. Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo zabantu abadala lincike ekuphakameni kwesihlahla futhi lingama-25-60 cm.
Izithombo zitshalwa yi-transshipment ukuze zingalimazi i-rhizome ende. Masinyane nje ngemuva kokutshala, ingaphezulu lomhlabathi ligxotshwe ngomlotha noma nge-peat.
UMirabilis uthanda imfudumalo. Ngokuchelela okwanele, akesabi ngisho nokushisa okukhulu, kepha akazibekezeleli isithwathwa. Kakade -5 ° C izitshalo ziyafa. Njengoba izimpande zisondele ngaphezulu, ukulondolozwa kwendalo akuvamile ukuba kwenzeke kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, izimila zinqunyelwa ubusika, kushiya iziqu ezincane kuphela. Inhlabathi engenhla kwezimpande imbozwe ngamaqabunga awile namagatsha ama-spruce afinyelela ku-10-15 cm.
UMirabilis ukhetha ukunisela ngokulinganisela. Iyamelana nesomiso esincane. Uma kungekho imvula, ukuthambisa okukodwa ngesonto kwanele. Noma amaqabunga alahlekelwa yi-turgor, ngokushesha ngemuva kokunisela zizobuyiselwa. Ukunisela ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ukuqhakaza kungawa ngaphandle kokuqhakaza.
I-mirabilis ekhula ngokushesha idinga umanyolo ojwayelekile. Entwasahlobo ngemuva kokutshala, izithombo zivundiswa ngengxube yezimbiwa zezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuphindaphindwa ezinye izikhathi ezingama-2-3 phakathi nehlobo. Kusebenzisa izinto eziphilayo akunasidingo. Ngemuva kokunisela nokugqoka okungaphezulu, umhlaba oseduze kwesitshalo kumele ukhululwe ukhula lususwe.
Ubunzima obungahle bube khona
Iziqu zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ngakho-ke i-mirabilis ithambekele ekuqineni. Ngokuhamba okunganele komoya ukunyakaza i-powdery powderew, ukugqwala, izimpande zokubola kukhula. Ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuhambisana nombuso wokunisela kanye nokuncipha kwamathanga. Izitshalo ezithintekile ziphathwa nge fung fung ("Fundazole"). IMirabilis ayamelana nokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuvikelwa kuzo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-mirabilis
Ukusakazeka ehlathini embozwe ngamahlamvu amakhulu aluhlaza kuzoba isizinda esihle kakhulu ku-flowerbed. Njengoba izimbali zivala phakathi nesikhathi sasemini, iMilabilis isetshenziswa njengesisekelo esiluhlaza kwezinye izakhamuzi zasengadini yezimbali. Kepha kusihlwa nakusa ekuseni uhola ngobuhle nephunga. Onogwaja kanye nemingcele yokuhlobisa bahlobisa ngama-mirabilis, futhi uthango luhlelwe ngamabhishi amakhulu. Iphunga lalesi sitshalo likhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke abantu abazwela ukunambitheka kwe-pungent bayalulekwa ukuba batshale imbali bude buduze nendawo yokuphumula. Engadini ehlanganisiwe yezimbali eduze kwama-mirabilis ungatshala i-petunia, ama-marigold, ama-clove, ama-daisies kanye nama-daisies.
Ukuba nezimpawu eziphezulu zokuhlobisa, i-mirabilis inenjongo yokwelapha. Ama-decoctions amaqabunga neziqu asetshenziswa ngaphandle njenge-anti-inflammatory kanye ne-antibacterial. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zenziwa kabusha njenge-laxative, futhi ujusi omusha usetshenziswa njengelungiselelo lokulapha amanxeba.
