Izihlahla nezihlahlana ziyakwazi ukuhlanza umoya hhayi kuphela ekungcoleni. Amanye awo aqukethe u-oyili oshintshashintshayo futhi obalulekile ovimbela ukuthuthuka nokuqothula amagciwane, amagciwane namagciwane endaweni ezungezile. Izitshalo ezinjalo zibandakanya amaConifers.
Fir
Ihlukaniswa yizigaxa ezinkulu ezikhula zibheke phezulu, futhi zifana namakhandlela esihlahleni sonyaka omusha. Ukuphakama kwefir kungafinyelela kumamitha angama-40. Isiqu se-coniferous siphethe isiqu somthi cylindrical kanye ophuzi ophuzi, cishe nokhuni olumhlophe.
Amagxolo efir abushelelezi, apendwe ngwempunga. Ebusweni bomzimba wayo obukhulu obuhlukahlukene kungakheka, okuyizicucu ze-resin. Ziqukethe i-resin, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ibhalsamu le-fir."
Amagatsha endwangu athambile, embozwe ngenaliti. Engxenyeni engezansi zingafinyelela ubude bamamitha ayi-10. Uma kungekho kuphazamiseka, zikhula ngezindlela ezihlukile bese ziwela phansi emhlabathini. Imvamisa kakhulu isuka ezimpandeni bese yenza umucu omfushane.
Emikhawulweni yamagatsha, kwakhiwa amahlumela okusaqanda noma ayindilinga. Zimbozwe esikalini kanye nobubanzi be-resin. Isikhathi sokuqhuma kwefir siqala ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Amathanga avuthwa ihlobo lonke, bese ewa lapho ewa.
Izinaliti ezi-Fir kanye namagxolo aqukethe inani elikhulu lamafutha abalulekile, acebile ngamakhampasi, kuma-organic acid, i-bisabolene ne-camphorene. Inombolo enkulu kunazo zonke yezithako ezizuzayo ikhishwa ngoMeyi nangoSepthemba.
Thuja
I-Thuja isitshalo esidumile kakhulu se-coniferous, esaziwa ngokuhlobisa nezinto zaso zokwelapha. Ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi "umuthi obalulekile."
Izwe laseThuja yiNyakatho Melika. Umuthi ungowabakhulu beminyaka. Isikhathi sokuphila singaba yiminyaka engama-200.
Yisihlahla noma isihlahlana esinomqhele obunjiwe, ovulekile, wekholomu noma obumbayo. Amagatsha akwaThuja ambozwe ngezinaliti ezincane, ezithambile, ezigcina zithathe uhlobo lwesikali. Izinaliti ziluhlaza obumnyama. Ngokuqala kobusika, umbala wabo ushintsha ube nsundu noma onsundu. Izingcingo zinezimo ezi-oblong noma ezi-oval. Ngaphakathi kukhona imbewu eyisicaba.
Izinaliti zikaThuja ziqukethe inani elikhulu lamafutha abalulekile, ama-tannins nama-resins.
Isihlahla sikaphayini
Isitshalo se-coniferous esivame kakhulu, esibonakala ngokukhula okusheshayo. Lesi sihlahla sinesikhathi sokuphila seminyaka engama-600.
Iphinifa inesiqu esikhulu esinamagatsha anamanzi, embozwe ngamagxolo onemifantu ejulile. Amagatsha awugqinsi, ahlelwe ngokuvundlile futhi akha umqhele omnyama ocwengekile ngezihloko eziningana. Izinaliti zikaphayini zinde, zithambile, zikhonjwa, zipendwe luhlaza okonakele. Izinaliti zihlelwe ngababili futhi zifinyelela kubude obungu-7 cm. Lapho umuthi ufinyelela eminyakeni engama-60 yobudala, kuqala inkathi yezimbali.
Izinaliti zikaphayini kanye namagxolo aqukethe amafutha abalulekile, i-carotene, amavithamini kanye nama-organic acid. I-Resin nama-phytoncides athuthukisa futhi ahlanze umoya. Akukhona ngamathuba ukuthi ama-sanatoriums kanye nama-dispensaries abekwe ezindaweni lapho isitshalo sikhula khona.
Juniper
Lo ngumndeni ohlala uhlala ungumuntu waseCypress odabuka eNyakatho Afrika. Kungathatha isimo sesihlahla noma isihlahlana esifinyelela kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Ezindaweni zasendlini, i-juniper likhula njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa nokwelapha.
Isigaxa sinezimpaphe ezinde, ezinhlamvu kahle ezinengqimba ngombala onsundu. Imbozwe ngokubabazekayo ngenaliti ezinaliti ukuya kufinyelela amasentimitha ayisigamu ubude. Izihlahla eziqhakaza izimbali ziqala ngoMeyi. Izimbali zincanyana futhi ziyi-nondescript. Endaweni yazo, kwakheka izithelo zesigaxa esimnyama, ziboshwe ngaphandle ngentambo eqinile.
Izindoni ziqukethe ushukela wezithelo, ushukela, ama-resin, i-ascorbic acid, uwoyela obalulekile, uguquko, i-wax, ama-tannins. Zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zezinhlelo zokuphefumula nezenhliziyo, futhi zisetshenziselwa ukubulala amagciwane kanye ne-diuretic.
Spruce
Ukuphakama kwalesi sihlahla se-coniferous kungafinyelela kumamitha angama-30. Isitshalo sinesiqu esiqondile, esimanzi esimbozwe ngokhuni oluqinile olimpunga. Kwezinye izindawo, kunokuqhekeka, okubonakala kuzo izingqimba ze-resin zibonakala ngokucacile. Isiqu kunzima ukusihlukanisa, ngoba simbozwe ngamagatsha kuya ezansi.
Izinaliti zidwetshwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, amafushane, aze afike ku-2 cm ubude, anezinhlangothi ezi-4. Ihlala esihlahleni iminyaka eyi-10. Izimo ezingezinhle zemvelo zingafinyeza impilo yezinaliti zize zibe yiminyaka emi-5.
Izigaxa eziminyene zivuthwa ekwindla sekwephuzile. Zinejamo le-cylindrical futhi zifinyelela ubude obu-15 cm.
Lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza inqwaba yezimo eziguqukayo, ezingabhubhisa ama-microorganisms ayingozi endaweni engamakhilomitha ambalwa.
UCypress
Lesi sitshalo sikhuliswa hhayi kuphela ekuhleleni komuntu siqu, kodwa nasekhaya. Emvelweni, ikhula ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo nesithambile.
I -ypress yisihlahla esinesiqu esiqondile kanye nomqhele wepiramidi noma isihlahlana esishibhile esingaphansi. Amagatsha e-cypress athambile futhi mncane, akhula ngokuthe nkqo phezulu, acindezelwe ngokuqinile esiqwini. Zimbozwe ngamaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza abukeka njengamaqabunga e-fern.
Izitshalo ezincane zinamaqabunga abunjwe ngenaliti, njengama-conifers amaningi. Njengoba bekhula, baba njengesikali. UCypress uthela izithelo ezinezigaxa ezincane eziyindilinga ezidwetshwe ngombala onsundu.
Amagxolo nezithelo zesitshalo ziqukethe i-carbohydrate enephunga, ama-alkoholi, uwoyela obalulekile nama-resin. Zisetshenziswa njenge-antiseptic futhi ezibulala amagciwane ekubhujisweni kwe-microflora ye-pathogenic, kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo zesikhumba kanye nokutheleleka ngegciwane.
