Entwasahlobo, amavithamini ayindlala kakhulu, angatholakala kuphela kumifino entsha nezithelo. Kunama-nitrate amaningi emikhiqizweni ethengiwe, kodwa kunengqondo ukukhulisa ukudla kwemvelo uma unendlu yakho ehlobo. Ezinye izitshalo zilungele ukuhlwanyelwa ebusika. Batshalwe ekwindla, kanti entwasahlobo, lapho isizini yehlobo isanda kuqala, isivuno sokuqala sesivele sesivuniwe.
UCelery
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zelendele: izimpande, iqabunga ne-petiole (isaladi). Njengoba imbewu yalesi siko inamafutha amaningi abalulekile, kudlula isikhathi esiningi ngaphambi kokuvela kwezithombo. Ngakho-ke, entwasahlobo nasehlobo kukhule ngezithombo. Kepha uma ukuhlwanyelwa ebusika kwenziwa, ubunzima bokutshala bungagwenywa.
Ngokuhlwanyela ebusika, kuphela izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zamasiko ezifanele, kepha ungazikhetha ezinhlobonhlobo.
Ukulima okuphumelelayo kuya ngezici ezimbalwa:
- Isikhathi. Azikho izinsuku ezithile zokuhlwanyela, kodwa kufanele ugxile ezicini zezulu zesifunda. Inqubo yenziwa ngokuqala kokubanda okuphikelelayo, kepha ngaphambi kwesithwathwa. Kusezingeni eliphezulu ukuhlwanyela imbewu lapho izinga lokushisa lehlela ku-zero ngaphandle kokufudumala okukhulu okulandelayo.
- Ukukhetha isiza. Umbhede kufanele ube segqumeni elincane. Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho kufika ukushisa, iqhwa liyancibilika ngokushesha kulo, inhlabathi ifudumele bese izithombo zivela ngokushesha.
- Ukuhambisana nobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Imisele efinyelela ku-5 cm ejulile yenziwa embhedeni olungiselelwe. Imbewu ibekwa kuyo, ngaphandle kokuyifaka kuqala. Fafaza izinto zokutshala ngaphezulu ngesendlalelo somhlabathi ovundile, 2 cm ubukhulu, bese usabalalisa i-mulch engu-2-3 cm.
Ukusuka ngaphezulu, kuyaluleka ukumboza umbhede wengadi ngamagatsha e-spruce noma ngamagatsha owomile. Entwasahlobo, lapho iqhwa liqala ukuncibilika, le ndawo yokukhosela iyasuswa, bese kuthi lesi sikhamo sikhishwe ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala.
Izilimo zesaladi
I-Leaf lettuce ingesinye sezilimo ezilula ukuzikhulisa. Uvela ngokushesha nangokuthula, futhi amaqabunga emva kokusika akhula futhi.
Imbewu ibonakala ngokuhluma okuhle futhi imila ekushiseni kwamazinga okushisa. Ukuthola imifino ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngoDisemba, emhlabathini weqhwa.
Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zesaladi zokutshala ubusika zithathwa njengeGourmet, Vitamin, Rhapsody neSonata. Imbewu ivala emiseleni, ukujula okungabi ngaphezu kwama-2 cm, kufafazwe ngethanga kuqala bese kuba neqhwa. Njengoba izinto zokutshala zikhula ngokushesha, azidingi ukumiswa noma ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe. Ungavele ushiye umbhede kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Ngenqubo yokuncibilika kweqhwa, imbewu izothola umswakama owanele, futhi ngokushesha amahlumela amancane azovela ngaphezulu kwephayini.
Dill
Lesi sitshalo asizwakali kangako ekushintsheni okushisa okushisa ngokuzuma, ngakho-ke isithwathwa asisongeli entwasahlobo.
I-dill ayinakuqhathaniswa kangangokuba ikhiqiza ngempumelelo ngokuzitshala. Uma kunombhede walolu luhlaza engadini kusukela entwasahlobo, futhi imbewu ithululiwe emambulelweni ingena emhlabathini, ingamila ngisho nasekupheleni kwekwindla, futhi ungaqoqa imifino kuze kube yilapho iqhwa liwa.
Akunobunzima obukhethekile ekutshaleni ubusika dill. Njengokulima kwangaphambilini, imbewu akudingi ukuthi ifakwe emanzini. Zivaliwe zomile ngama-grooves afinyelela ku-2-3 cm futhi zifafazwe ngenhlabathi. Ukusuka ngenhla kufiseleka ukumboza umbhede nge-peat namaqabunga awile. Kuwo wonke amamitha skwele engadi, kuzodingeka amagremu ama-2-3 wembewu. Izinhlobo ze-Shrub zisetshenziswa kangcono: I-Tenderness, Hercules noma i-Fireworks.
Katran
I-Katran yisiko elisha eliqhathaniswa nemibhede yethu. Abaningi bayibiza ngokuthi inguqulo etshaliwe ye-horseradish. Izimpande zalezi zitshalo zinokubukeka nokunambitheka okufanayo, kodwa ikatran, ngokungafani ne-horseradish, ikhula ngokuthe xaxa futhi ingafuni ukuminza eminye imifino engadini.
Ukuhlwanyela leli siko ngembewu, noma izingcezu zezimpande, kuvunyelwe ebusika kuphela. Njengoba zisenhlabathini ebandayo, zithola imvelo yemvelo. Afakwe ngaphakathi kwama-grooves amancane afinyelela ku-3 cm ukujula, afafazwe ngesendlalelo seqhwa (20-25 cm) ngaphezulu. Entwasahlobo, amahlumela amasha angena engadini. Kuzokwazi ukudla izimpande namaqabunga esitshalo kuphela emva kweminyaka emithathu, lapho isiko lifinyelela ukuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe.
UParsley
Imbewu yeParsley, enjenge-celery, inamafutha amaningi abalulekile, ngakho-ke isikhathi esiningi sidlula ngaphambi kokuvela kwezithombo. Kepha, uma uhlwanyela lesi sivuno ebusika, vele ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo usike amakhambi amasha amasha.
Kokuhlwanyelwa ubusika, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo zase-Italian Giant, Kucheryavets ne-Universal.
Imbewu akudingi ukuthi ifakwe kuqala. Kuhlwanyelwa kusomile, ezindaweni ezingaxutshwe nalutho lwamakhaza aqinile. Kuwo wonke amamitha skwele, kuzodingeka amagremu wembewu ayi-0.8. Kusukela ekwindla, ama-arcs afakiwe embhedeni wengadi. Ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, ngaphambi kokuba iqhwa lincibilike, badonsa ifilimu kubo. Ngaphansi kwendawo yokukhosela, iqhwa liyancibilika ngokushesha, bese umphumela wokushisa okushisa usheshise ukuhluma kwezimbewu.
Isithombo
Imbewu enesithombo imila ngokushesha okukhulu, ngisho nasezingeni lokushisa eliphansi. Ngokunikwa lesi sici, ukuhlwanyela ebusika kuyindlela enhle yokuthola imifino emisha eqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ungakhetha noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-radish, kepha iCarmen, iMercado, iLightouse neSpartak zithathwa njengezihamba phambili. Ukunambitha okuhle ngaphandle kwamanothi anokhahlo, amahlahla amelana nokuqhakaza, futhi ama-voids awakheki emifino.
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngemifino engashayi emhlabathini eqandisiwe. Isikhathi esifanele yishumi lesithathu likaDisemba. Ngawo wonke amamitha ayisikwele endawo udinga amagremu ama-5-6 wembewu. Fafaza i-peat ngaphezulu kombhede, bese kuba neqhwa.
UBeetroot
Ukuhlwanyela izimbali ebusika kuvumela imbewu ukuthi idlule ekuqineni kwemvelo. Lapho entwasahlobo isiko ngeke lesabe isithwathwa, kanti amahlumela azovela aqine.
Kunezinhlobo ezikhethekile zama-beet okufanele ukuhlwanyelwa ebusika: Imithi ebandayo eyi-19, iPolar flat nePodzimnaya
Ukutshala ubusika kwezilimo kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Imbewu azethelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kepha zibekwe emhlabathini owomile. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngoNovemba, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lehla lize lifinyelele ku-zero, bese inhlabathi ibanda ibe ngu-4 ° C.
- Izinto zokutshala zibekwa emhlabathini owomile kude kwe-10 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye.
- Fafaza ngaphezulu kombhede ngenhlabathi evundile, bese ubeka ungqimba lwe-peat mulch, ubukhulu be-3 cm.
Umbhede onjalo awudingi ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe. Ukunisela futhi akudingekile, ngoba imbewu eyomile ehlwanyelwe enhlabathini eyomile izonikeza izitshalo ezinamandla futhi ezinempilo.
Garlic
Ngokutshala ubusika kuphela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zobusika zikagalikhi kufanelekile. Ikhanda lakhona liqukethe amazinyo amakhulu angama-4- 12 anogobolondo onsomi. Zihlelwe zilandelana ezizungeze induku eqinile.
Indlela yezolimo yokukhulisa lesi sitshalo ifaka ama-nuances amaningi:
- Embhedeni olungiselelwe yenza imigqa ebangeni elingama-25 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ukujula kwama-grooves kungama-3-15 cm. Ngokuvamile, ukubanda kakhulu esifundeni sasebusika, amazinyo ajulile kufanele afakwe.
- Uma inhlabathi isomile kakhulu, iniselwa ngesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate. Lokhu ngeke kuminyanise inhlabathi kuphela, kodwa futhi kuyokwenza ukuthi kungasasebenzi magciwane kuyo.
- Amazinyo atshalwe kude nge-10 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ukuzicindezela kanzima emhlabathini akudingekile, ngoba lokhu kuzonciphisa ukwakheka kwezimpande.
Fafaza umquba ngaphezulu kombhede, bese ubhula ngamahlamvu awile, izinambuzane noma izinaliti zikaphayini.
Umnsalo
Uma isiza sinengadi lapho ukhukhamba, utamatisi noma ubhontshisi kwakukhulwe khona ngaphambili, ekwindla singasetshenziswa ukutshala anyanisi ebusika.
Noma yikuphi ukuhlukahluka kwesiko kufanelekile ukuhlwanyelwa ebusika: anyanisi omnyama, batun, shallot noma sevok.
Kubalulekile ukukhetha usuku lokufika okufanele. I-anyanisi idinga ukuba nesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, ngakho-ke ibekwa emhlabathini amasonto angama-2-2 ngaphambi kokuqina kwesithando.
Ubuchwepheshe bokutshala buyafana nobukagalikhi: amakhanda afakwa emikhombeni enomhlabathi owomile kude kwe-10 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Imigqa ephezulu ifafazwa ngenhlabathi evundile bese ifakwe emanzini. Kulesi simo, umbhede uhlala kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Ngokuqala kokushisa, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa.
Iklabishi elibomvu
Ukutshala iklabishi elibomvu ebusika kuyindlela engandile yokukhula, ekuvumela ukuthi uthole izithombo ezinempilo eziqinile ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngemuva kokufuduselwa endaweni engapheli, la amahlumela azokwakha amakhanda ngaphambili.
Kuma-cultivars, ama-Gako-741 nama-Stonehead-447 afaneleka kakhulu ukuhlwanyelwa ebusika.
Iklabishi yokutshala ubusika inemisindo yayo:
- Imbewu kufanele yomile, futhi idinga ukuhlwanyelwa ngo-20-40% ngaphezulu kunokujwayelekile, njengengxenye yezinto zokutshala ezolimaza isithwathwa.
- Ukuze imbewu ingaqali ukumila ngokushesha, bese izithombo zivele kuphela entwasahlobo, zihlwanyelwa emhlabathini owakhiwe iqhwa. Izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi akufanele libe ngaphezulu kuka +3 ° C.
- Njengoba izithombo zizosetshenziswa njengezithombo, imbewu ingahlwanyelwa yomibili emikhakheni ehlukene futhi ngokulinganayo kuso sonke isihlaka.
Izinto zokutshala zifafazwa ngenhlabathi evundile evulekile, elungiswe kusengaphambili, bese ifafazwa ngamagatsha we-sawdust noma we-spruce ngaphezulu. Ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esibandayo, izindawo zokukhosela ze-spanbond zinezixhobo zokwengeza. Ngokufika kokushisa kwentwasahlobo, ukuvikelwa kuyasuswa.
Izaqathi
Ngokuhlwanyelwa ebusika, akuzona zonke izinhlobo zez izaqathe ezifanele. Kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezibandayo ezibandayo ekuqaleni kanye nokuvuthwa kokuqala: iChantane, iMyanchester Winter, i-Nantes noma iVitamin.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, emhlabathini owakhiwe yiqhwa. Izinga lokuhlwanyelwa ngemitha yesikwere ngalinye lenyuka, ngoba ingxenye yokutshala izokufa isithwathwa.
Isikimu sokuhlwanyela simi ngalendlela elandelayo: Imbewu eyomile itshalwe kuma-grooves ajule ngo-1-2 cm, afafazwe ngenhlabathi eyomile, efudumele ngaphezulu bese kubekwa enye i-2 cm ye-peat noma i-humus. Ngokuqala kobusika, umbhede ufafazwa ungqimba lweqhwa futhi ucindezelwe ngamagatsha e-spruce.
Singaphetha ngokuthi cishe zonke izilimo ezijwayelekile zasengadini zilungele ukuhlwanyelwa ebusika. Kepha ukuze sithole izitshalo ezinempilo nezinamandla, kumele kubhekwe umthetho owodwa: kuphela imbewu eyomile ayihlwanyelwe, ngaphandle kokufaka kuqala noma ukuhluma. Lapho-ke izitshalo ziyobhekana nokuqina kwemvelo phakathi nobusika, kuthi entwasahlobo zinikeze amahlumela amasha aqinile.
