I-sitrobheni engadini yezinhlobo zeTsaritsa ayinakho ukukhiqiza okuvelele nosayizi okuthandekayo. Kepha lokhu akuzange kuvimbe abafuyi bezithelo ukuthi babone umsuka wayo wasebukhosini. Izinzuzo eziphambili zale berry ukungcindezelwa kwayo, ifomu elivumelanayo kanye nenhlanganisela yokunambitheka ne-juiciness.
Umlando ukutshalwa sitrobheli Tsaritsa
Izinhlobonhlobo zagcotshwa ezimweni zezulu zesifunda saseBryansk, endaweni yokuhlola yaseKokinsky ye-VSTISP. Indlovukazi yatholakala ngokuwela iRed Gontlet noVenta. Lezi zinhlobo zama-sitrobheli zivela eScotland naseLithuania. Izici zabo ezibaluleke kakhulu - ukuqina kobusika obuthandekayo, izithelo ezibushelelezi nokumelana nezinambuzane nezifo - nazo zadluliselwa ezinhlotsheni zeTsaritsa.
Izithelo ezicwebezelayo, ezinomumo ojwayelekile - isici sezinhlobonhlobo zamaTsaritsa
Umbhali walezi zinhlobonhlobo, uDokotela weSayensi uSvetlana Dmitrievna Aitzhanova, ukholelwa ukuthi leli bheri liqhathaniswa kahle nezimpawu zalo, futhi linephunga elicebile nobuningi obuhle, oludingekayo ukuze kuhanjwe.
Izinhlobonhlobo zifakwa Embhalweni Yezwe Yezinto Ezifeziwe. Kunconyelwe ukulinyelwa ezingadini zezingadi esimweni sezulu esipholile sase-Central Central of Russia.
Izinhlobonhlobo zencazelo Queen
Ukubukeka nezimpawu zokunambitha:
- izihlahla zesitshalo ziyasabalala, zingobude obuphakathi;
- amaqabunga abushelelezi, cishe ngaphandle kwe-pubescence, ethambile, enama-denticles ayindilinga;
- izimbali ezimhlophe, ezinezimbali ezimbili, ezakhiwe ezingekho ngaphezu kwezinga lamahlamvu;
- amajikijolo efomu elifanele, acishe abe ngosayizi ofanayo, acwebezelayo;
- inyama ibomvu, lapho ithe chatha, iba bomnyama obomvu;
- ukunambitheka kunoshukela omuncu, okuqukethwe ushukela - kuze kufike ku-10%, i-acid - 0,9%;
- iphunga linamandla.
I-Strawberry Tsaritsa ingabikwa ngokuphepha ezinhlotsheni zenjongo yendawo yonke.
Izici zezinhlobonhlobo - amajikijolo abomvu, anama-saturated abomvu ngokuhamba kahle - kwenze kube lula ukuwasebenzisa, kufaka phakathi imisebenzi yokuhweba.
Indlovukazi inika amajikijolo amafomu afanele, anokuthwala kahle.
Ukukhiqiza
Isikhathi sokubuya okusebenzayo kokuvunwa kwale sitrobheli yiminyaka engama-2-3. Ngokusho kwabalimi, eminyakeni ephumelela kakhulu enezimo zezulu ezifanele, ngokubhekwa ngokuphelele kwemithetho yokunakekela ama-sitrobheli, okungenani ama-500 g amajikijolo angaqoqwa esihlahleni esisodwa. Kepha ngokuguga, isivuno sivame ukwehla sibe ngama-350 g.
Isivuno esihle kakhulu senzeka eminyakeni emithathu yokuqala
Izici zeBanga
Engadini sitrobheli Queen unezici ezilandelayo:
- amajikijolo okuqala ngenkathi anesisindo esingama-40-50 g, izithelo ezilandela kamuva zikhula ngesilinganiso zifinyelela ku-13 g;
- isivuno esivamile sezinhlobonhlobo sisukela ku-99 kg / ha kuya ku-130 kg / ha;
- isikhathi sokuvuthwa - okuphakathi (i-main fruiting kwenzeka ngoJuni);
- amathuba okuzala - ngembewu, amadevu (ngokuqondile - ama-rosette);
- Amahlumela okuvunwa okulandelayo akhula ngo-Agasti;
- hardness yasebusika - ephezulu;
- ukumelana nesomiso - phezulu;
- ukumelana nezifo zokukhunta - phezulu;
- ukumelana imikhaza, slugs - ephezulu.
Imithetho ekhulayo
Ukuze kutshalwe ngempumelelo izinhlobo, kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho yokutshala nokunakekela eyenziwe ngabalimi. Okokuqala, kufanele ukhethe ngokucophelela isiza semibhede ye-sitrobheli. Okwabelwe konke:
- ifulethi, lishaywa kahle umoya nendawo yomoya;
- indawo evulekile ephezulu (kulokhu, cishe amamitha ayi-10 avela kuma-sitrobheli asendle angazitsheli izitshalo ezinde, angazibeki izakhiwo nemigoqo).
Kwezinye izimo, indawo enomthambeka omncane iyavumeleka, ngenkathi kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi awahlali ezimpandeni. Uma utshala i-berry endaweni ephansi, enamanzi, izokulimaza impela futhi inikeze isivuno esibuthakathaka.
Inhlabathi
Inhlabathi ekhanyayo enezakhamzimba ifaneleka kangcono:
- othulini nenhlabathi esindayo, lesi sitshalo sizodinga ukuhambisa amanzi - kubalulekile ukwengeza isihlabathi esihlanganayo ukuze sibambe;
- enhlabathini enesihlabathi uzodinga okungenani ibhakede lomquba wenkomo obolile, ingilazi yokhuni lomlotha no-60 g we-urea nge-1 sq. m. imitha skwele.
Lezi zingxenye zingangezelwa emhlabathini ngesikhathi sokumba ekwindla kwemibhede. Uma kunesidingo, umenzeli wokuhlanza ubuthi naye wethulwa emhlabathini.
Ngokusho kwabalimi, inhlabathi engcono kakhulu yokutshala ama-sitrobheli ngumhlabathi okhanyayo onomsoco
Ukufakelwa
Entwasahlobo, ama-sitrobheli ayahlanzwa kusuka ekutshaleni ezindala ezindaweni zokukhosela, izingxenye zezitshalo ezifile, bese athukululwa umhlaba azungeze izihlahla futhi adliwe.
Izithombo ezilungiselelwe ukutshala okusha zitshalwa ngo-Ephreli noma Septhemba. Kepha ukutshala kuka-Ephreli kuthembeke kakhudlwana, ngoba izithombo zinezimpande ngokushesha futhi ngokushesha kukhula.
Ukutshala kwentwasahlobo kwama-sitrobheli kunokwethenjelwa kakhulu ngenxa yokusinda okungcono
Izitshalo zitshalwa kumanyolo omanyolo, anele futhi anama-nitrogen. Ukulandelana kwezenzo:
- Yenza izimbobo ezihlukile noma izithombo eziqonde ekujuleni kwezimpande zezithombo.
- Qiniseka ukuthi usakaza izimpande zezithombo ngezindlela ezihlukile.
- Fafaza isihlahla nomhlaba (isimo esidingekayo - awukwazi ukugcwalisa izinso maphakathi, sitholakala kancane ngenhla komhlabathi).
- Nisela ngokucophelela isihlahla ngokushesha (kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngezingxenye ezincane, usabalalisa amanzi ezungeze isitshalo).
- I-Mulch (sebenzisa utshani obomile, utshani noma sawdust ngesendlalelo esingafika ku-5 cm kulokhu).
Ukuvikela okutshalekile ekuhlaselweni yizinyoni, ungazimboza nge-agrofibre (spanbond), kepha kodwa uthembekile - ngenetha. Ngemuva kwezimvula amajikijolo kanye nezihlahla ngeke kube ngaphansi kwesembozo isikhathi eside futhi ngeke kubole.
Ividiyo: Amathiphu wokufika
Ungazikhetha kanjani izithombo
Kungani abafuyi abanokuhlangenwe nakho beqiniseka ukuthi ukukhetha okuhle kokutshala kuphela okuzolekelela ukufeza imiphumela elindelekile yokukhula? Ngoba izifo eziningi kanye nezinambuzane zilethwa engadini yethu ngezithombo ezithengiwe.
Umlobi wezinhlobonhlobo zama-sitrobheli wasengadini uTsaritsa Svetlana Aytzhanova uncoma ukuthatha izithombo kuphela:
- kwizikhungo zokucwaninga ngokuqapha okuqhubekayo kwezithombo;
- emitholampilo lapho abasebenza ngebhayoloji abasebenza khona ngokukhiqiza kabusha (ngaphansi kwezimo eziyinyumba, besebenzisa izindlela zanamuhla).
Kulezi zimo kuphela lapho ungaqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwabo. Izikhungo ezinjalo zokuzala neziteshi zisebenza eMoscow (eKonstantin A. Timiryazev RSAU), Orel, Tula, Michurinsk, eTambov Oblast nakwezinye.
Izithombo ezingama-Strawberry kuzo empeleni zithengiswa ezitsheni ezihlukile, ngohlelo lwezimpande oluvikelwe ngokuqinile. Lezi zimo, lapho zifika endaweni ehlala njalo, zinikeza isilinganiso sokusinda se-100%.
Ukucaciswa okubalulekile: lapho uthenga izithombo ebhodweni, kufanele uhlole izimpande - kufanele zisatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ethangini. Uma izithombo zithengiswa ezitsheni ze-peat, izimpande eziqinile nezinempilo zivame ukubonakala lapho ziphuma ezindongeni.
Ukutshala impahla kubalulekile empilweni yezhlahla ezihlahliwe.
Ukunisela okufanele
Naphezu kokuphikiswa okwaziwayo ekushiseni okwedlulele, ukuthambisa okuningi kuyadingeka ukuthola isivuno esiphakeme. Ezindaweni ezomile eziseningizimu kanye naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeRussia, kunconyelwa ukufaka uhlelo lokunisela ngokuchelela.
Ama-Strawberry ezinhlobonhlobo zeTsaritsa adinga ukuthambisa okwenele, okulinganiswe kahle
Ezifundeni eziseningizimu naphakathi nendawo, uma isimo sezulu esishisayo simiselwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwe-crescent, ama-sitrobheli asendle azodinga ukuthanjiswa okuvamisile (amalitha angama-20 amanzi ngaphansi kwesihlahla esikhulu esisodwa, hhayi isikhathi esingaphezu kwesisodwa ngesonto). Inani elinjalo lamanzi lizogcwalisa ngokuphelele inhlabathi futhi liwucwilisa kuze kufike ku-30 cm ngokujula. Lokho kungakanani isikhala sezimpande ezakhiwe kahle. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu:
- ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza okunezihlahla eziningi kwama-sitrobheli;
- ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwamaqanda nezithelo;
- ngesikhathi sokuthela nokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo.
Ngezinye izikhathi, noma kuyi-steppe, isimo sezulu esomile, kuzokwanela ukuzibeka umkhawulo ekunikezeni ukuchelela okungaconsi (izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga). Izinhlelo ezikhethekile zokunisela ngokudonswa kwemvula zenza ukuthi kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kubhakede elilodwa lamanzi esihlahleni esisodwa.
Akunconyelwe ukunisela ama-sitrobheli ngosizo lokufafaza - ukuwa kwamanzi ezihlahleni kungadala izithelo zokubola nezinobumba. Ukunisela kusetshenziswa emasimini e-sitrobheli kuphela lapho kushisa kakhulu noma kunomoya ovunguzayo, lapho amanzi eoma khona ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokuthola isikhathi sokulimaza.
Ukunakekelwa Kwombhede
Ekukhuleni okunempilo, izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukhula nokukhula kwenhlabathi - ama-sitrobheli adinga ukufinyelela njalo komoya ezimpandeni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, gwema ukubonakala kokuqhuma komhlaba onzima. Imithetho eyinhloko yokunakekelwa:
- ukukhulula kwenziwa ngefosholo eceleni komugqa kanye noxhaxha oluncane oluzungeze isihlahla uqobo (yenza lokhu ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokumba okungaphezu kwesentimitha elilodwa eduze kwesitshalo);
- ngasikhathi sinye, ukutshala ama-sitrobheli kuvame ukuhlanza imfucumfucu, amaqabunga amadala owomile nokhula.
Lapho kuqala ekwindla, lapho umhlaba uzungeze izihlahla uhlalwa ngokubonakalayo, futhi lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokuqinile izimpande, siwusizo ku-spud sitrobheli. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi izimpande zizodalulwa, lesi sitshalo siba buthaka futhi singabulawa ukuqandelwa.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Isikhathi sezimbali nezilungiselelo zezithelo isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokufafaza ngomanyolo we-potassium-predominant
Ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwama-sitrobheli engadini, akufanele ukhohlwe ngokugqoka okuphezulu:
- ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, kwethulwa i-nitrogen-mineral complex, equkethe umlotha, i-nitrophosphate ne-urea;
- ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nokuhlelwa kwezithelo, ukufafaza ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi nge-potassium kwenziwa (kubalulekile ukuthi kufakwe i-manganese, i-boron, i-iron nezinye izinto zokulandela umkhondo);
- ngemuva kokuphela kokuqhakaza, kuyasiza ukwenza umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi owenziwe ngomumo nangehlobo iStar-Summer ngendlela yemiganu.
Uma ama-sitrobheli engadi engatholi isilinganiso esanele somanyolo, amajikijolo awo aqala ukukhula kancane, abe mancane futhi abe mnene. Amahlamvu ayobuna, aqhekeke bese eshintsha umbala wawo oluhlaza ube umbala wokuphuza, ophuzi noma obomvu.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukuthi umanyolo omningi kakhulu uthinta kabi ukunambitheka kwesilimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithelo ezigcwala ngokweqile zingahlushwa ukubola okungwevu. Uma kwenzeka kudlulelwa ngokweqile ngomanyolo we-nitrogen, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-fatliquoring of the bush kuzolimaza ukubonakala kwesithelo.
Ukuthena amadevu
Ukonga amandla nokukhula okugcwele kwama-sitrobheli, kubalulekile ukunquma amadevu abo ngesikhathi. Kunembile kakhulu ukwenza lokhu kabili ngonyaka:
- Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi nje kwezimbali eziqhakazayo.
- Ekwindla, ngemuva kokuvunwa.
Ngomsebenzi, kungcono ukukhetha isimo sezulu esomile nesizolile. Awukwazi ukunquma amadevu ngaphandle kwethuluzi. Kufanele ziklanywe ngeziqeshana ezibunjiwe noma ngezihlahla. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukugwema ukulimala ohlelweni lwezimpande ngesikhathi sekhefu.
I-antennae kungcono ukuyikhipha ngokuphelele. Kepha uma kuqhutshekwa nokuhlelwa kokuzala, kuhlelwa ama-rosette okuqala esihlahleni.
Izinambuzane nokuvikelwa kuzo
Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo embhedeni, kubalulekile ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi azikho izinambuzane. Uma ukuhlukahluka kwe-Tsaritsa kungamelana nesibulala-zinambuzane esikhulu - ama-sitrobheli mite, khona-ke ezinye izimuncagazi zingalimaza kakhulu ama-sitrobheli. Okuyingozi kakhulu ukwedlula abanye amahlumela akhe amancane izibungu zebhungane likaMay ne-wireworm.
I-Wireworm - enye yezinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu yamahlumela amasha we-sitrobheli wasendle
Ikakhulu kaningi, ukubukeka kwabo kuthinteka ukusondela kwendawo ukufika emngceleni wehlathi.
Izitha eziyingozi zemibhede ye-sitrobheli - izibungu ezinkulu zebhungane likaMeyi
Indlela efakazelwe kunazo zonke yokususa inhlabathi ye-infield ukwengeza amanzi e-ammonia. Ukufika kwe-alkaloid lupine nakho kuyasiza. Izinto eziqukethwe kulesi sitshalo - ama-alkaloid - zivimbela ukukhula kwezinambuzane, futhi zinqande ama-bacterium ahlala ezimpandeni acebisa umhlabathi nge-nitrogen nitrogen efanelekile.
Ngesikhathi sokuvela kwama-peduncle, ukuvimbela ukuvela kwezinambuzane eziyingozi ne-Powdery isikhutha, fafaza okutshaliwe ngesixazululo esiqukethe:
- Karbofosa (60 g ngebhakede lamanzi);
- isibabule se-colloidal (50 g ngebhakede lesisombululo).
Uma ekupheleni kwehlobo amafomu amabala amhlophe ansundu ehlobo, udinga ukubaphatha ngesixazululo esibuthakathaka se-manganese. Uma lokhu kungasizi, udinga ukulandela imiyalo:
- Susa amaqabunga amadala anezifo.
- Baphathe ngeTopaz fungic.
- Thela isisombululo se-iodine ngaphansi kwempande (amaconsi ama-5 e-iodine ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi).
- Ngemuva kokufaka izithelo, phatha neTopazi.
- Ngemuva kokuvuna, fakela izitshalo nge-superphosphate.
Ilungiselela ama-sitrobheli ebusika
Phakathi kwabalimi, inqubo iyathandwa - ukulungisa empeleni noma izihlahla zesitshalo ebusika. Kepha abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi sekwanele ukususa amaqabunga omisiwe nabagula. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ingxenye etholakala ngenhla komhlabathi kumele ibe nesikhathi sokukhula kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile, ngaphandle kwalokho iziqhakaza zezithelo ngeke zivele.
- Ngeshwa, ukuvimbela ukwanda okukhulu kwemikhaza nama-nematode, umuntu kufanele agunde amaqabunga. Kodwa ukuze i-hardness yasebusika inganciphi, udinga ukusika amaqabunga hhayi ebusika, njengoba abalimi abaningi bama-amateur benza, kodwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokukha amajikijolo. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho ubulukhuni bebusika (futhi, ngenxa yalokho, umkhiqizo) bungeke bungehli, kepha buye banda.
Kodwa-ke, amaqabunga agawulwayo (iningi okungenwe lithelelekile) akufanele ashiywe embhedeni ofanayo noma eduze, ngoba umsebenzi owenziwayo ngeke ube yize, ngoba izinambuzane zizobuyela ezihlahleni. Amacembe agulayo kufanele angcwatshwe ngokujule ngangokunokwenzeka emqubeni womquba, futhi okungcono - ukushisa.
I-S.D. Aitzhanova
Kungcono ukusika amaqabunga ngemuva kokuvuna - ngakho-ke izitshalo zizokwazi ukululama ebusika
Naphezu kokuqina okuhle kobusika, ama-sitrobheli asendle adinga ungqimba lweqhwa noma enye indawo yokukhosela. Kodwa-ke, konke kuncike endaweni yokukhula. Ezifundeni ezimaphakathi, esifundeni esiphakathi iVolga, isifunda saseMoscow, izinhlobonhlobo zeTsaritsa azidingi indawo yokuhlala futhi zibekezelela kahle ubusika. Esithombeni sendawo, izifunda zeqhwa eziphansi, kanye nasenyakatho, kunengqondo kakhulu ukumboza okutshala ubusika nganoma yisiphi isithombo semifino noma ngendwangu yezolimo.
Ngaphandle kwesembozo seqhwa esikhulu, uhlelo lwezimpande zezitshalo lungamelana kuphela -14-16 ° C. Uma iqhwa limboza umhlabathi ngesendlalelo esingaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-25, izokwazi ukuvikela ama-sitrobheli ngisho nakwaqhwa phansi ku-35 ° C.
Ebusika ongenaso iqhwa ebusika, qiniseka ukumboza umbhede ngamagatsha akhula ngesihlahla sonwele, utshani, amaqabunga amakhulu (imaple, isifuba) noma izinto zokumboza ezikhethekile. Ezifundeni ezihamba ngamaphethelo ezinemimoya enamandla, indawo yokukhosela enjalo kufanele ilungiswe ngokuthembekile.
Ebusika elingenalo iqhwa, ama-sitrobheli adinga indawo yokukhosela
Ukubuyekezwa Kwabalimi
Hhawu, udadewethu ubelima lokhu okuhlukahlukene kusukela ngonyaka owedlule ehlobo ehlobo e-Ryazan Region. Kepha mhlawumbe usebenzise cishe ibhakede le-humus kumitha eyodwa yenhlabathi, kanye nenani elifanayo le-peat elixubene nesikhuni. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kusukela entwasahlobo. Amajikijolo okuqala eNdlovukazi ayemakhulu, okwalandela hhayi kakhulu, kepha amnandi futhi aminyene. Sihambe ibanga elingama-200 km ebhange ngemoto - sayiletha!
Marina Kuzanova//vk.com/rastenijdoma
Ngikhula izinkathi ezi-3. Ukuvuthwa okuhlukahlukene. Ama-berry makhulu, aminyene, angahambi kahle. Ukunambitheka kuhle. Ukumelana okuphezulu kwezifo zohlelo lwezimpande kanye nendawo yamaqabunga. Ngaso sonke isikhathi sokutshala, angizange ngirekhode izifo zohlelo lwezimpande. Ukuphikiswa ukumaka kuyisimaphakathi (nginakho yizinhlobonhlobo ezithinteka kakhulu). Ama-aphid esizeni sami athande lokhu okuhlukahlukene kakhulu. Isihlahla siphansi, sibumbene, sinqabile. Ukufinyelela maphakathi nesihlahla ukucubungulwa kumahhala. Izimbotshana ezingezansi kwezinga lamaqabunga, ungabambi amabhele. Ishaywa yi-grey bola esimweni sezulu esina imvula. Ikhono lokuhlehlisa lilungile. Ukukhiqiza okumaphakathi: unyaka nonyaka - Iziqu zezimbali ezingama-2-3, izingane ezineminyaka emibili - 4-6. Izinhlobonhlobo zilingana kakhulu, okuwukuphela kwento ebucayi kakhulu yisivuno esiphansi.
I-Roman S.//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=7262
Ngikhule ngeNdlovukazi unyaka wokuqala futhi ngifuna ngempela ukubona izithelo, futhi ngayibeka ngoMeyi, azange ngigawule iziqu zezimbali, izitshalo zazingakatholi mandla, ngakho amajikijolo ayenambitheka, kodwa engenkulu, futhi isisindo sokuqala sasingama-50 g. Kepha ehlobo ngabona izinhlobo ezifanayo kwenye isayithi lapho amajikijolo ayekhona nje. Amadevu ami anikeze isilinganiso, futhi yini enye engingayilindela kuye.
Tamara//forum.tvoysad.ru/viewtopic.php?f=31&t=7585&
Abalimi abaningi bakwazile ukuthandana nama-sitrobheli we-Tsaritsa ahlukahlukene hhayi nje ngezithelo zawo ezikhanyayo nezinamakha, kodwa futhi nekhono labo lokusinda ebusika obunobunzima baseRussia nezikhathi zasehlobo ezomile. Ngomzamo omncane kakhulu, wonke umuntu uzokwazi ukuthola isivuno esihle kakhulu unyaka nonyaka.
