Amagilebhisi aseRuslan eza eRussia evela emaZaporizhzhya emasimini angasese omfuyi wezinyathi uVitaly Zagorulko. Ubuye walwela ukudala izinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokumelana nokuqina okuzinzile konyaka, ukuqina okuphezulu, kanye nokuhambisa okuhle. Iminyaka yama-90 yekhulu lokugcina yamlethela izithelo ngazo zonke izindlela: ukuvuna okunomdlandla kwezinzalo azidalile, nodumo lomlobi lwezinhlobonhlobo ezinjengoLaura, Talisman, Arcadia, Zaporozhye Isipho, Delight, Ruslan.
Ukuphakama kofuzo kukho konke
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngamashumi amabili ze-copyright ze-Zagorulko, kepha ngayinye iyatshalwa futhi ihlungwe. Umsebenzi wohlobo lokuzalela olwaqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-20. Umlimi we-wayini onomdlandla wahlangana futhi wenqaba waze wazitholela ifomu kuphela elicwengekileyo elihlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zakhe: zombili ngokuya kokuzingcolisa, futhi ngesimo, nangokuya ngezinqubo zokunambitheka kokuthengiswayo. Ubheke futhi ubheka okulandelayo njengezinkomba ezibalulekile zemikhiqizo yakhe emisha:
- ukuvuthwa kokuqala nokuvuthwa kusenesikhathi;
- enezithelo ezinkulu futhi ezinkulu
- ukungabi nambewu nokuzingcolisa;
- ukumelana nezifo.
URuslan ungenye yezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zomfuyi wezilwane uVitaly Zagorulko
Kwakukulesi sigcawu sinezimfanelo eziphakeme futhi ezinhle kakhulu lapho enye yezinhlobo zawo ezihlotshisiwe ze-hybrid, uRuslan, wangena kuyo. Yena, kanye namanye amasiko, anjengeMoor, iLibya, iBazhen, iLily yaseSigodini, iVeles, iVodograi, iSofia, waphinda wawina noma wazithatha izindawo ezihlonishwayo nezizuzisa umklomelo emibukisweni yamazwe omhlaba ehlelwe ngamapulazi kanye nezifundo zezolimo zase-Ukraine kusuka ngo-2008 kuya ku-2011.
Ukuvuthwa kokuqala kwamagilebhisi waseRuslan kuyakuvumela ukuba ukhulele emaphethelweni aseningizimu nasendaweni ye-chernozem yaseRussia
Amasiko amathathu aba ngabazali bakaRuslan: Isipho Zaporozhye, Kuban noDelight. Vele, laba aborigini baseningizimu abakwazanga ukudala izinhlobo zasenyakatho. Kodwa, noma kunjalo, ukumelana nesithwathwa kwe-hybrid entsha kwathinta abalimi abaningi abanolwazi. Ngemuva kwalokho, uRuslan wakhombisa ukuqina kuze kube ngu-250C. Lokhu bekusho ukuthi into entsha kufanele ngabe yandiswa engxenyeni esenyakatho ye-Ukraine yaze yaya nasezintabeni ezipholile zaseRussia. Lokhu kuqina kobusika nokuvuthwa okungafani nokwenziwa ngofuzo kuvumela ukuthi uRuslan avele ngisho nasezivandeni eziseduzane naseMoscow.
Incazelo kanye nezici zezinhlobonhlobo uRuslan - itafula
Futhi lokhu akuzona zonke izimfanelo zamagilebhisi ezinhlobonhlobo zalawa. Kufanelekile futhi ukuthi sibalule ukungatheleleki okuhle kakhulu ku-isikhutha, ithuba lokukhula emapulazini amancane azimele nasendaweni enkulu yokulima, ukukhula kwemivini emhlabathini ovulekile nakuwona greenhouse.
Ngokuqondene nesixha nesithelo uqobo, ukuphakama kwavela futhi. Ithebula elingezansi likuveza kahle lokhu.
| Izici: | |
| Ibanga lethebula uRuslan | Ilungele ukusetshenziswa okusha, okwenzelwe ama-juices newayini, ama-jellies, i-marmalade, namagilebhisi omisiwe. |
| Umswakama owamukelekayo | 6.5 g / l |
| Okuqukethwe ushukela | 17.5 - 18.5 g |
| Isixuku | Isixha yi -icic. Isisindo esimaphakathi esingu-700-800 g. Qopha isisindo esingu-1300 g. Ukuxubha izandla akubukwanga. |
| Usayizi nobume be-fetus | Isisindo seyunithi elilodwa yi-14-20 g. Isimo siyindilinga e-oval. |
| Umbala nokunambitha | Amajikijolo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, asondele kumnyama. Ukunambitha okumnandi, nokungabekezeleli, ngokuthinta i-plum. |
| Isimilo se-Peel | Ikhasi elincanyana ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-matte alintekenteke futhi alibonakali lapho liluma amajikijolo. |
| Amathambo | Izingcezu ezi-1-2 ngesithelo ngasinye. |
| Ukuvuthwa kwebhulashi namajikijolo | Izinsuku ezingama-105-110. |
| Ukukhiqiza | Phezulu. Amabhulashi awavamiselwanga ekuchitheni. Bangakwazi ukulengiswa emvinini isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulimaza izithelo. |
Igalari yezithombe: Amagilebhisi eRuslan avela kumfuyi wezinkomo uZagorulko
- Izinhlobo zeRuslan zilungele ukusetshenziswa okusha, ukwenziwa kwamajusi newayini, ijeli, i-marmalade, namagilebhisi
- Isisindo esijwayelekile sesixuku sikaRuslan singama-700-800 g, kanti akukho bhulashi eliphakathi
- Izithelo azithambekele ekuchitheni futhi zingakwazi ukubambelela emvinini isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuzilimaza.
Ukubuyekezwa kwabalimi kumagilebhisi eRuslan
Ngokwami ngithanda kakhulu uRuslan, yize engabanzi kangako futhi akunakushiwo ukuthi usehlolwe iminyaka eminingi ezindaweni eziningi. Kepha ngingakuqhakambisa kuwo wonke umuntu, kubandakanya nokukhula emazweni abandayo. Ifomu le-hybrid lithinta ngokuqina, linambitha ngokusobala kusuka ku-Kuban, futhi mhlawumbe liyedlula, yize kungekho i-natimeg, kepha amanothi athile athamekile wezithelo azwakala. Siphinde sivuthwe esifundeni sika-Agasti 1-5. Ngo-2013, isihlahla sonakaliswa ebusika, njengabanye abaningi. Ukubuyisa, kubonise amaqoqo amaningi.
U-Evgeny Polyanin//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=180.0
URuslan wami usemncane. Ngonyaka ophelile, otshalwe ngesibambo sokuhlala unomphela. Akukhuli kahle. Ekwindla, inqunywe emuva ukwakha ifeni. Kulonyaka, amahlumela ama-5 anamandla ayathuthuka, eyodwa inesixha esincane. Kuphela manje kunenqwaba yezingane zokutholwa, futhi, ngokujabulisayo, ifomu elincane le-inflorescence ezinganeni zami zokutholwa zokuqala.
Umvini weVlad//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=180.0
Abalimi abanolwazi bazi ukuqhekeka okulula kwamagilebhisi eRuslan eminyakeni yemvula
URuslan usenenkinga yokubuyela emuva ... Ngokwami, ngangiyithanda kakhulu iminyovu. Ikakhulu ngemuva kokuqhekeka. Yize ukunambitheka, usayizi wamajikijolo namaqhubu, isikhathi sokuvuthwa nawo wonke amanye amapharamende angifanele. Angazi ukuthi kufana nobani, kepha isihlahla sami asinakho ukukhula okuqinile, ngokwesibonelo, i-Talisman. Kepha ngaphezulu kwesilinganiso.
KI//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?t=16125
Izindlela ze-Agrotechnical zokukhula ngesikhathi sokukhula
URuslan, njengeqhawe lakhe legama elifanayo elisuka enkondlweni kaPushkin, uyisibonelo esiqinile, okwazi ukuzimela. Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi ngeke azazise izimo ezinhle nokunakekela ngesikhathi sasemini naphakathi nesikhathi sokukhula.
Ukutshala izithombo
Naphezu kokukhethwa kwawo kwenhlabathi, isiko likhetha ukwakheka kwenhlabathi evundisiwe nge-humus ne-peat. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlomisa amanzi ngokudonswa engxenyeni engezansi yomgodi wokutshala, uma kungenjalo ukubhala amanzi kuzodala izinkinga ezengeziwe ngesikhunta nokukhula kwesikhunta ngamaqabunga nezithelo noma ngendlela yamajikijolo enamanzi.
Izimbumbulu ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini kumele zigxishwe kusisombululo samanzi esinamanzi
Imithombo yokusika okusikiwe kweRuslan ilungiswe kusengaphambili, cishe izinsuku eziyi-15 ngaphambi kwenqubo yokutshala. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze umhlabathi uzinze futhi uhlangane ngokwengxenye. Amagobongo kufanele abe ajule futhi abanzi, ngoba izinhlobonhlobo zikhula hhayi ngaphezulu komhlaba, kepha futhi zingaphansi komhlaba. Ngemuva kokubeka izithombo emigodini evundisiwe, zimbiwa kancane, ziniselwe ngamanzi afudumele ahlala ziphinde zimbiwa. Le ndlela yokumba ephindwe kabili izogcina umswakama ezimpandeni futhi ivikele ukwakheka kokuqunjelwa phezu komhlaba.
Ngaphansi kwamagilebhisi yenza izimbobo ezicijile kuze kufike ku-80 cm ngokujulile nangobubanzi
Ibanga eliphakanyisiwe phakathi kwezithombo lingamamitha ayi-1.5, naphakathi kwemigqa ekulimeni kwezimboni - okungenani amamitha amathathu. Maphakathi nenkathi umvini uzokhula ukuze kungabikho sikhala esingenalutho, kepha kuzoba nemikhakha eyanele yokufaka umoya lapho kuvunwa futhi kudlule phakathi kwawo ngesikhathi sokuvuna. Ibanga libuye lisebenze njengesilinganiso esivimbayo uma kungenzeka ukutheleleka komvini ongomakhelwane nganoma yisiphi isifo esingathandeki.
Ibanga phakathi kwezithombo kufanele okungenani libe ngamamitha ayi-1.5, ukuze kuthi emva kokukhula bangaboni ngamehlo
Ukutshala ama-Ruslan cutways kusebenza kakhulu entwasahlobo, yize ukusika ngokwako kuvunwa ekwindla. Ukuzala ngokuzalwa kungcono ehlobo nasekwindla.
Ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo
Ukunakekela amagilebhisi akunzima kunokunqunyelwa engadini. Udinga ukuchelela njalo, ukutshala, ukususwa kokhula nokugqoka okuphezulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-ovary azoba buthakathaka, futhi isivuno singaphansi komkhawulo omenyezelwe ngezinhlobonhlobo.
Amanyolo amathathu amaminerali ngesizini anganele uma:
- umvini usemncane futhi awunazo izifo;
- ukutshala imivini ngasikhathi sinye kwenziwa emhlabathini ovundisiwe;
- umvini wabekezelela ubusika kahle futhi ngaphandle kokulahleka.
Ukunisela kokuqala ngokufakwa kwe-nitrogen ne-potassium kwenziwa entwasahlobo ngemuva kokuthenwa kwenhlanzeko.
Ukugqoka amaminerali kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokunakekelwa kwamagilebhisi okuphelele
Ukondliwa kwesibili nokwesithathu kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhluma nokuvuthwa kwezithelo. Lokhu kungaba ukufafaza kwezimpande kanye nokwenhlamvu yemifino ngokuxutshwa kwe-potassium phosphate noma ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezimboni. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuze sigweme ubuthi yizithako zezingxube zezolimo ezitsheni, ukufafaza kufanele kusetshenziswe okungenani amaviki amabili ngaphambi kokukha amajikijolo.
Iyingozi yezifo zamagilebhisi nezinambuzane
Izinhlobonhlobo kuthiwa zinamandla okumelana nezifo zesikhunta ngumkhuhlane kanye no-powdery isikhutha, ziboniswe ngesimo sezindawo ezinamafutha ansundu-ophuzi kuhlamvu, i-fungal pubescence emaqabungeni nasezithelo, iphunga lezinhlanzi ezibolile. Izifo ziyingozi kakhulu kumagilebhisi - uma izinto zingahambi kahle, ungalahlekelwa kusuka ku-50 kuye ku-90% wesilimo. Kulokhu, ukutheleleka kudlula ngokushesha kusuka kwesinye umvini kuye kwesinye. Isitshalo siqala ukuphenduka ngokushesha siphuzi, amajikijolo omile futhi awe.
I-Pubescence ngamaqabunga nezithelo kungenye yezimpawu zesikhutha
Ukuvimbela Izifo Zokukhubazeka
Ukuvimbela ukuqothuka kuyingxenye ebaluleke kunazo zonke yokunakekela amagilebhisi anoma yiluphi uhlobo, noma ngabe kumenyezelwa kangakanani ngalesi sifo. Imithetho eyinhloko yalo msebenzi wokuzivikela ngamaphuzu alandelayo:
- Vimbela ukungena kwenhlabathi kwenhlabathi. Ukudonsa, ukukhulula, ukungena komoya kuzosiza ukukugwema. Lokhu bangani bezithelo zomvini.
- Cwilisa inhlabathi ezimpandeni zomvini ngotshani, ukugoba, ukuthambisa, ukhuni. Lokhu kuzosindisa lesi sitshalo ekuntulekeni komswakama nasemoyeni opholile.
- Gwema ngokweqile izinto zokutshala. Ama-cuttings atshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile kuphela ngemuva kokuba usongo lokuqandelwa yiqhwa seludlulisiwe ngokuphelele, futhi inhlabathi ifudumala ifinyelela ku + 6 + 80C. Ebusuku endaweni yesimo sezulu esipholile, isithombo esencane ngokuqinisekile kufanele simbozwe ngefilimu.
- Susa ama-stepons ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi amahlumela amasha kufanele aboshwe ngokusekelwa ukuze iziqu zingawa phansi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa.
- Ukwenza ukwelashwa kokuvimbela kabili ngesizini ngamalungiselelo afakazelwe kahle ethusi, isibabule, i-iron, njengokuthi: I-Bordeaux liquid, i-colloidal sulfate, i-Oksikhom, ithusi ne-iron sulfate.
- Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo, phatha amasimu ngokushesha ngamalungiselelo okubulala ukhunta. Ukucutshungulwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokucacile ngohlelo olunconywe abakhiqizi. Imikhiqizo efanelekile yamagilebhisi yiQuadris, iCabrio Top, iChampion, iRidomil Gold, i-Abiga Peak.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kunamalungiselelo amaningi we-fungicidal. Ukuze unganikeli umkhuba wamagilebhisi kunoma iyiphi enye yezinhlobo zazo, kungakuhle ukuthi uguqule inkathi ethile nonyaka, noma usuka ekugqokeni phezulu ugqoke phezulu.
Izindlela ezinobumnene kakhulu zokuvikela ezifweni zezifo zokukhunta zihlanganisa ukufafaza nge-infusions yamakhambi anamakha noma avuthayo: i-nettle, chamomile, pepper, ugalikhi, u-anyanisi nabanye. I-prophylactic enhle nayo ingumlotha wezinkuni, ofafazwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngaphansi kwezihlahla.
Igalari yezithombe: Izindlela Zokulwa Nezifo Zomvini
- Ukuvula amandla kanye nokufakwayo kuzodala ukulingana kwamanzi okufanele ohlelweni lwezimpande.
- Ukungena nge-infusion yamakhambi anozipayisi nawokushisa kuvikela amagilebhisi ezifweni
- I-fungus Ridomil Gold iyanconywa ukuvimbela kanye nokulawula kwezifo zokukhunta zamagilebhisi
- Ukufafaza amagilebhisi nge-Bordeaux equkethe ithusi kuzovikela isikhutha
Ukulwa ne-phylloxera
Ngaphambi kokubeka ukusika emgodini, kufanele kuhlolwe ukuthi kukhona amagciwane kuwo. Enye yezinto eziyingozi kakhulu kumagilebhisi yi-phylloxera, noma i-aphid yamagilebhisi. Inambuzane encane ephuzi eluhlaza idla amaqabunga amahlumela nezimpande. Ebusika obubandayo, izibungu zayo zihlala ngempumelelo ezimpandeni, zizigwaze nge-proboscis bese kwephula ubuqotho bazo. Lapho umhlaba ufudumala, izimbuzane ziyakhasa zibheke phezulu, lapho ziqala khona umjikelezo wazo wokubhubhisa.
Izibungu zePhylloxera azinamatheli amaqabunga kuphela, kodwa nezimpande
Umonakalo wezinsika othathwe kwisitshalo esinjalo esithintekayo ungabonakala ngeso elinqunu. Kuzoba nokuqina okungafani nemvelo noma amashubhu. Izinto ezithelelekile kufanele zithunyelwe ngokushesha emlilweni, futhi ngasikhathi sinye umvini onesifo lapho ukhula lwaluvuniwe. Umhlaba ovela endaweni echithiwe kuzodingeka ukuthi uphathwe ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane, futhi iminyaka eyishumi ukugwema ukutshala amagilebhisi kuwo.
Kepha kuthiwani uma i-phylloxera itholakala emasimini ngenkathi ephezulu? Yinye kuphela indlela yokuphuma - ukwenza ukucubungula okuphindaphindiwe kwamagilebhisi nge-dichloroethane. Kepha ngenxa yokuthi amakhemikhali anobuthi obunobuthi kakhulu, ama-20 ml awo anele ukubangela ubuthi obulimazayo, ukwelashwa kwezinsimu zamagilebhisi nge-dichloroethane kufanele kwenziwe kuphela yiqembu eliqinisekisiwe labachwepheshe bezolimo noma bamakhemikhali.
Ezivinini ezincane ezizimele, ungazisebenzisa ngokuzimele izibulala-zinambuzane ezinjenge-Actellik, Kinmiks, Fozalon, Fufanon.
Igalari yezithombe: i-phylloxera - esinye sezilokazana eziyingozi kakhulu zomvini
- Kubukeka njengeqabunga lomvini elithintwe yi-phylloxera
- Isidakamizwa esiyingozi se-phylloxera siyakwazi ukuqothula sonke isivuno samagilebhisi esikhathini sezinsuku
- Uma ama-aphid amagilebhisi atholakala, kuthathwa izinyathelo zokuvalelwa kwabantu ngokushesha.
Izinhlobo ze-Autumn zokuthena iRuslan
Izihlahla luhlobo lwamasiko, ophoqelelayo kulo lonke ekwindla, kungakhathalekile iminyaka yobudala besihlahla somvini. Ehlobo, umvini uyakhula futhi ube mkhulu kangangokuba akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele ukuwuyeka ubusika ngale ndlela. Umvini ongasokile uzodlulela kabi, futhi ngonyaka olandelayo uma ungafi, uzonikeza intuthuko ehamba kancane kangangokuba izithelo zingalindi. Futhi izinzuzo zokulungisa zinkulu.
- Okokuqala, kuzokwenza ihlathi libe compact futhi lilungele ubusika;
- Okwesibili, izovuselela umvini, idale amandla okukhula ngonyaka olandelayo;
- Okwesithathu, kuzosiza ukulungiselela ukusikwa okuseqophelweni eliphezulu lokusakazeka kwentwasahlobo elandelayo.
Ukuthenwa kwe-Autumn kwenziwa ukuze kwakhiwe isihlahla futhi kwandise umkhiqizo
Ngaphambi kokuthenwa okuyinhloko, ihlathi liyahlolwa, liveze amahlumela omisiwe futhi lisuse amahlamvu asele. Ukwakhiwa kwemivini sekuvele ngonyaka wokuqala wempilo. Zonke amahlumela ezikhula phakathi nenkathi isuswe kuso, ngaphandle kwesiqu ezimbili, lapho izinhlamvu ezintathu zisele. Ngonyaka olandelayo, amehlo e-3-4 agcinelwe amahlumela.
Ngonyaka wesithathu, kwakhiwa imikhono emibili, okuyothi isizini ezayo izohamba zombili izinhlangothi zesiqu esimaphakathi. Kulokhu, imivimbo engu-overgrown ifinyezwa ibe ngu-50 cm ngenani lamehlo elingadluli ku-4. Zonke amahlumela aphansi ziyasuswa. Ngonyaka wesine, imikhono igcinwa kulesi simo, kepha zonke izinqubo zonyaka ezingxenyeni zazo eziphansi ziyanqunywa. Wonke umsebenzi wenziwa ngumphathi weengadi kanye nabaphunga.
Isihlahla esakhiwe ngokuphelele sitholakala ngonyaka wesine wokuphila komvini
Indawo yokuhlala yomvini ebusika yenziwa ngokwemithetho yendawo yesimo sezulu lapho khona amagilebhisi atshalwa khona. Uma indawo yokuhlala ingafuneki, amagatsha aphonswa ngomusa ukusekelwa.
Amagilebhisi aseRuslan ayisici sangempela engadini ngomqondo ongokoqobo futhi ongokomfanekiso. Ukungazinikeli, ngokuqina okuhle, ukumelana nezifo nokuvuthwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, kungaba "ukugqanyiswa kohlelo" kusayithi, ngaphandle kokubangela inkinga enkulu kubanikazi. Kwenzeka ukuthi kube nzima ukuthi ama-turnips ushukela akhule futhi alondolozwe kunezithelo zomvini zaseRuslan, ikakhulukazi uma lelo thoshi likhulu ngofuzo.
