Ama-Gooseberry angawalezo izihlahlana ezithandwayo ezingatholakala cishe kunoma yisiphi isiza sengadi. Le nkambiso yokungathembeki ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, kwanele nje ukwakha isihlahla futhi siwunqume ngesikhathi.
Kungani futhi usika kanjani i-gooseberries
Izihlahla kuyindlela engabizi futhi ephumelelayo yokunakekela izihlahla eziningi nezihlahlana, lapho ungaxazulula khona inani elikhulu lezinkinga - kusuka ezithelweni eziphansi kuya ekubunjweni komqhele ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa. Kwama-gooseberries, anikezwe izici zesakhiwo sawo, izihlahla ezijwayelekile ziyisidingo sokuthuthuka okufanele nokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ungawunaki lo mcimbi uma ufuna ukutshala isitshalo esinempilo futhi uthole isivuno esihle.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa se-gooseberry, ungafinyelela kuma-20 kg amajikijolo
Izizathu zokunquma
Izizathu zalimi abalimi baphendukela kokuthena ama-gooseberries zingaba ngokulandelayo:
- Ukutshala ukuvuselelwa. I-Gooseberry bush, efinyelele eminyakeni eyi-8, ithathwa njengeyindala. Ukuze sandise impilo yayo futhi iqhubeke nokuba nezithelo, abalimi bavame ukusebenzisa izihlahla zokulwa nokuguga. Iqiniso ngukuthi uhlelo lwezimpande sesihlahla nezingxenye zalo ezingaphezulu komhlaba kubudlelwano obulungile. Ukususa ingxenye yamahlumela noma ukuyifinyeza kuvuselela amandla amakhulu asuka ezimpandeni kuya emagatsheni, wona, akha iziqu ezintsha ngesembozo esixegayo futhi esikwazi ukuqhakaza okukhulu.
- Ukukhuphula umkhiqizo. Ama-Gooseberry abonakala ngokukwazi ukwakha inani elikhulu lamahlumela amasha ngesikhathi esifushane. Uma kungenjalo wehlukaniswe ngaphandle, khona-ke umqhele uzoba mkhulu kakhulu, ozothinta kabi impova kanye nesithelo se-ovary. Ukukhishwa kwama-gooseberries wamagatsha angeziwe nokwakha umqhele onomoya omuhle kuzokwenza impova ifinyeleleke futhi ifinyeleleke kakhudlwana.
- Izindlela zokuvimbela. Ama-Gooseberry, njengezinye izilimo zasengadini, atheleka ezifweni ezahlukahlukene, imbangela eminingi yawo ukuqina kwesihlahla ngokweqile (ikakhulukazi izifo zesikhunta). Izihlahla zizonikeza wonke amahlumela umoya omncane omuhle, ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele futhi kuzosiza ukugwema noma ukunciphisa ukuxhumana kwamagatsha anempilo anokugula.
- Ukwakhiwa komqhele. Ukuthena le nhloso kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana futhi kuyisinyathelo esifanelekile sokuqinisekisa ukukhula kwesihlahla okuhle.
Ithuluzi lamathuluzi
Ukunquma ama-gooseberries, uzodinga i-pruner kanye ne-delimber. Kungcono ukwenza umsebenzi kumagilavu womsebenzi wekotoni ukuze uvikeleke kuma-spikes noma ngephutha ungaziguguli kuthuluzi.
- AmaSecurityurs. Ngalo, ungasusa kalula amagatsha amancane akhiwe phezulu, kepha akakwazi ukubhekana namagatsha awugqinsi.
Isihlahla sikulungele ukusika amagatsha amancane akhiwe emaphethelweni esihlahla
- Delimbers. Yakhelwe ukusika amagatsha anamandla (kufika ku-5 cm ubukhulu) etholakala ekujuleni kwesihlahla, engeke inqunywe ngemithi.
Ama-Delimbers ayafana ne-pruners, kepha anezibambo ezinde, ekuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngemithwalo esindayo futhi kanzima ukufinyelela ezindaweni
Zama ukusebenzisa amathuluzi ahlangabezana nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo:
- Ikhwalithi nokuqina. Ithuluzi akufanele liphule ngenkathi kusetshenziswa amandla amakhulu (ngokwesibonelo, lapho kulungiswa amagatsha awugqinsi).
- Ubukhali bekhwalithi ephezulu. I-Ithuluzi Ithuluzi kufanele libukhali futhi lingabi nazinkanyezi nokunye ukungapheleli.
- Isisindo esikhanyayo. Ukusebenza ngethuluzi elinjalo kulula kakhulu kunokusebenzisa esindayo. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi wenze inani elikhulu lomsebenzi futhi wonge amandla.
- Ukubamba okuhle. Ngaphezu kwesimo esifanelekile, isibambo kufanele futhi sibe nokufakelwa okukhethekile okuphathelene nerabha, sibonga izandla ezingeke zisithele.
Uma kungenzeka, zama ukuthenga ithuluzi elinombala obomvu noma owolintshi - lizobonakala kahle emhlabathini futhi ngeke lilahlekelwe ngamathanga aluhlaza.
Izimfihlo ze-Gooseberry Trimming
Ukuze i-gooseberry yakho ikhule ngendlela engcono kakhulu, okokuqala kubalulekile ukwakha isihlahla ngokufanele (ukujwayelana nesakhiwo saso kuzosiza ukwenza lokhu), bese wenza njalo izinto okuhloswe ngazo ukugcina leli fomu.
Isakhiwo se-Bush
Ama-Gooseberry akha isihlahla sangemuva esifinyelela kubude obuyi-1.5 m. Umqhele wobubanzi obufanayo benziwa ngamagatsha weminyaka ehlukene namahlumela asisekelo. Lezi zokugcina zikhula kulezo efihlekile isiqu, ezitholakala ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Intamo yezimpande iyingxenye yesiqu sokuntywiliselwa emhlabathini. Njengomthetho, ubude bawo bubalelwa ku-30 cm kanye nobubanzi obungu-5 cm.
Ngo-ekwindla, amahlumela aluhlaza azimbozwa ngegxolo futhi abe ngamagatsha agcwele
Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, amahlumela ezimpande abonakala ngokukhula okunamandla; maphakathi nehlobo, aguqula umbala oluhlaza ube bomvu noma onsundu. Ngo-ekwindla, iziqu ezincane zizoqanjwa, bese kuthi ngonyaka wesibili wezinqubo zokuphila zivele kubo. Ngale ndlela amagatsha akha isisekelo sesihlahla. Njalo ngonyaka kwenziwa ukwanda kubo, okufika kubude obungu-8 kuya ku-30 cm. Ehlobo, kuzothola amagxolo, kugqame bese kuba igatsha le-oda lesibili eligcwele. Kuzovela amahlumela amasha kuwo, okuthi kamuva kuguqulwe ngeziqu ze-oda lesithathu, njll.
Njengomthetho, amagatsha okuqala, owesibili, nowesithathu ahlukaniswa yi-fruiting enkulu kunazo zonke, ngoba yiwo athuthukiswe kakhulu futhi aqine kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthena okujwayelekile, kungenzeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuvuselelwa njalo kwamahlumela anjalo, okusho ukuthi kulondolozwa amandla awo nokukhiqiza.
Lapho ususa ama-gooseberries, kufanele uzame ukususa ngokuphelele amagatsha anomthelela ophansi we-4 ne-5 oda ukuze ukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwamagatsha akhiqizayo we-1, 2nd ne-3rd oda
Khumbula ukuthi ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile sohlelo lwezimpande, ama-gooseberries akha ihlumela (basal) shooter, elidinga nokususwa njalo.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-Bush
Umthamo womsebenzi wokwakha umqhele uncike eminyakeni yobisi.
Unyaka wokuqala
Udinga ukuqala ukuthena kusuka lapho isithombo sejogoberry sitshale emhlabathini. Kulokhu, akukho monakalo ongenziwa ezinso sezithelo, ngakho-ke ukusikeka kusona kwe-50mayelana 5 mm ophakeme kunaye.
- Hlola isithombo bese unquma zonke iziqu ezibuthakathaka nezonakele.
- Thambisa amahlumela asele kwizso sesithathu noma sesine (udinga ukubala kusuka ezingeni lomhlabathi).
Ungesabi ukwenza inqubo yokuthena kwisithombo esisezingeni eliphansi: esinye sezici ze-gooseberries ukukhula okusheshayo kwamahlumela amasha. Ehlobo, i-shrub yakho ngeke ikhule kuphela ibe namandla futhi isungule uhlelo lwezimpande, kodwa futhi izothola inqwaba yeziqu.
Unyaka wesibili
Ekuqaleni kwekwindla, i-shrub yakho kufanele ibe namagatsha aneminyaka emithathu ubudala kanye nenani elifanayo lonyaka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, unqume kanjena:
- Khetha ukungadluli amahlumela ayisikhombisa asebenza kahle futhi atholakala kalula akhula kusuka emhlabathini (izintamo zezimpande), bese uzama ukuwasika ukuze afinyelele ukuphakama okungu-30 cm.
- Sika amagatsha asele ukuze ubude bawo bungabi ngaphezu kwama-20 cm.
- Susa amahlumela namahlumela, ngesikhathi sokunquma, angafinyeleli ku-20 cm ubude, ukuze angazidonseli kuwo izakhi ezidingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwamagatsha anamandla.
Unyaka wesithathu
Ngonyaka wesithathu ngemuva kokutshala kuma-gooseberries, kufanele kube namagatsha acishe abe ngu-12-18 weminyaka ehlukene, akha isisekelo sesihlahla. Ukufeza lokhu, yenza imisebenzi elandelayo:
- Futhi, susa ngokuphelele wonke amahlumela aqondile, kanye nezimpande ezibuthakathaka ezingasebenzi.
- Sika amagatsha asele ngo-12-15 cm, ubala kusuka phezulu, ikakhulukazi uma ukukhula okulimazayo nokukhula kancane kwesitshalo kuyabonakala.
Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, amagatsha asikwa cishe nge-1/2, elesibili - nge-1/3, elesithathu - izihloko ziyanqotshwa bese amahlumela aqondile asikiwe
Iminyaka yesine nelandelayo
Ngonyaka wesine ngemuva kokutshala, isihlahla se-gooseberry siba umuntu omdala bese siqala ukuletha inani eliphezulu lesivuno, ngakho-ke inqubo yokubumbeka ngalesi sikhathi akufanele inganakwa. Izinyathelo zokunciphisa kufanele zifake ukususwa ngesikhathi kwamagatsha asontekile futhi angasebenzi. Kuyadingeka futhi ukusika amahlumela amasha, kufaka phakathi lawo ahlumewe kusuka entanjeni yezimpande, ukuze kuvikelwe ukukhula kwamahlumela aqondile, ngoba amagatsha ama-gooseberries kufanele akhuliswe ngenhla komhlabathi.
Isihlahla kufanele sibe neziqu eziyi-15- 20 zeminyaka ehlukile. Amagatsha amadala kuneminyaka emi-5 kufanele asuswe, kuthi ama-3-5 amahlumela aqine kakhulu kufanele ashiywe ekuhlumeni kwezimpande.
Isihlahla somjikijolo esidala kufanele sibe namagatsha ayi-15- 20 kungabi ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-5
Ungakhohlwa ukondla izitshalo ngemuva kokuthena. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bamba umsele ongaba ngu-30 cm ojulile bese uwuthambisa, bese uwubeka.
- Entwasahlobo, fakela ama-gooseberries ngomanyolo we-nitrogen (umthamo we-50-70 g ngesihlahla ngasinye).
- Ekwindla, faka indawo eseduze-esifubeni (imboza ibanga elingaba yingxenye yemitha elizungeze isizinda sendawo) ngokuqhuma kwe-peat noma umquba.
Ukuthena okudala ukuguga
Lapho ama-gooseberries efika eminyakeni engu-7-8, uzodinga ukwenza ukuthenwa okuvuselelayo kwezihlahlana. Kulokhu, ungasusa isilinganiso samagatsha ayi-1/3.
- Sika amahlumela amadala, asontekile, abuthakathaka, anesifo, kusale kuphela izimpande eziqine kakhulu nezithuthuke kakhulu.
- Emagatsheni asele, hlola okuphezulu. Uma uthola onephutha (ngokwesibonelo, owomile noma ophukile), unqume endaweni yenqubo yokuqala enamandla ye-lateral.
Ukususwa ngesikhathi ngeziqongo ezomile noma ezimnyama kunomthelela omuhle engxenyeni enempilo yegatsha
Uma i-gooseberry yakho indala kakhulu (ngokwesibonelo, ineminyaka eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu) lapho-ke izihlahla zokulwa nokuguga zizoba ngokugqamile. Kuzofanele usike wonke amagatsha kusuka kusisekelo, ushiye kuphela ama-5 anamandla kakhulu futhi athuthukisiwe. Ngemuva kokuthenwa okunjalo, ngokunakekelwa okunekhono nangesikhathi, i-shrub izosheshe imbozwe amahlumela amasha futhi ithole amandla. Kungcono ukwenza ukufezekiswa kwentwasahlobo entwasahlobo, ukuze kuthi lapho ihlobo shrub likhule libe namandla bese lenza amahlumela amasha.
Inqubo yokuvuselela izihlahla ezindala kakhulu kuneminyaka engama-20, njengomthetho, ayenziwa.
Ukunciphisa isihlahla esisebenzayo
Kwesinye isikhathi abalimi bashiya ukunakekelwa kwe-gooseberry, ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yobudala bayo obukhulu, noma umane unganaki esihlahleni. Lokhu kuholela ekuqineni berry, ngakhoke kwehle umkhiqizo wawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo esinjalo sithathwa kalula yizifo ezahlukahlukene futhi singangena kalula kwezinye izilimo. Ukuvikela lesi simo, izihlahla zizokusiza.
Khumbula ukuthi ukubuyiselwa ngokuphelele kwe-shrub enganakwa kuzothatha iminyaka emibili kuya kwemine.
- Thin kuqala isihlahlana. Ukuze wenze lokhu, usike phansi wonke amagatsha amadala amnyama, kanye namahlumela aphuliwe, namahlumela aqondile.
- Kumahlumela mpo, shiya ama-5 asebenziseka kakhulu. Ukusuka emagatsheni avuniwe, usike iziqongo ezomile kunegatsha lokuqala elinamandla le-lateral.
- Esikhathini esizayo, unciphise ama-gooseberries akho ngokuya ngemithetho ejwayelekile ukuze ulondoloze ukwakheka komqhele futhi uvikele ukuqina kwesihlahla futhi.
Ukuthena isihlahla sonyaka
Ukuthena kwenziwa kabili ngonyaka - entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ehlobo, akunakwenzeka ukwenza inqubo, ngoba i-gooseberry ngokushesha yakha inani elikhulu lamagatsha amasha, ngakho-ke umcimbi uyoba yize.
Ntwasahlobo
Ukusikwa kwentwasahlobo kwama-gooseberries kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu esihlahleni. Ama-Gooseberry avuka ekuseni kakhulu - njengomthetho, engxenyeni yesibili kaMashi, efihlekile aqala ukuvuvukala kuwo, futhi ngasekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, kuvela amaqabunga okuqala. Uma ufuna ukuyinciphisa entwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukuba nesikhathi sokukwenza lokhu ngaphambi kokuthi ukugeleza kokuqala kuqale esiqwini - uma kungenzeka eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaMashi. Akunconyelwe ukulimaza amahlumela ngamahlamvu aqhakaza - lokhu kuzosenza buthaka kakhulu isitshalo, okusho ukuthi kunciphisa isivuno sawo.
- Susa amagatsha amadala (njengomthetho, acishe abe mnyama) kanye namahlumela azungezile.
- Izihlahlana ezingatheni: iziqu zokuhlunga ezingaphili futhi ezinephutha (ezisontekile, eziphukile). Hlanza kahle maphakathi nesihlahla kusuka amahlumela amasha angenamandla namagatsha ezitshalo athambile.
- Izingubo ezinkulu. Sebenzisa i-var engadini ngale njongo.
Ividiyo: ama-gooseberries asentwasahlobo asentwasahlobo
I-Autumn
Uma ungenalo ithuba lokusika ama-gooseberries entwasahlobo, ungakwenza ekwindla. Ukunciphiswa kokuthena ekwindla kokuqala akunconyiwe: lokhu kungathinta ukukhula kwamahlumela amasha angenaso isikhathi sokukhalisa ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo nokufa. Ngakho-ke, izihlahla zasekwindla zenziwa esikhathini esiqala ngemuva kokuvunwa nokuwa kwamaqabunga futhi kuqhubeke kuze kuqalwe isimo sezulu esibandayo.
- Hlola isihlahla bese ususa ngokuphelele wonke amahlumela amnyama.
- Thin the shrubbery: susa amagatsha angagudluki futhi angonakali (agobile, agulile, aphukile), futhi akhiwe kahle (ngokwesibonelo, aqhuma ngamandla esihlahleni esivamile noma alengiswe phansi ngaphezu komhlabathi). Zama ukuhlanza maphakathi nesihlahla ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ususe amahlumela asanda kwakhiwa namagatsha anamandla athela kancane.
- Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa i-var engadini ukuze ucwenge phezu kwezindawo zezingxenye ezinkulu.
Khumbula ukuthi inani eliphezulu lamagatsha asikiwe akufanele lidlule i-1/3 yenani labo eliphelele.
Ividiyo: Ukuthenwa kwe-Autumn kwama-gooseberries
Ukulungisa ama-gooseberries awuthwali ubunzima futhi ehlombe, ngisho nomlimi we-novice. Into esemqoka ukusebenzisa ngokucophelela nangokufika ngesikhathi zonke izincomo zalo mcimbi, futhi isihlahla sizophendula kulokhu ngempilo kanye nokuvuna okuningi.
