Enye yemifino ethandwa kakhulu ezivandeni ze-amateur isitshalo seqanda. Abalimi abakade bekhona bazama izinhlobo ezintsha ngethemba lokuthola ezinye izakhiwo ezingalindelekile zezithelo abazithandayo. Ungaguqula imibhede yakho nge-isitshalo seqanda sikaValentine - i-hybrid ethelayo enezithelo ezicashile kodwa ezihlwabusayo.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zeqanda le-Valentine
I-Eggplant Valentina - i-hybrid etholwe yinkampani eyaziwa kakhulu yaseDashi i-MONSANTO HOLLAND B. V. Umlando walesi hybrid awusiwo "wasendulo" - eRussia kwafakwa ohlwini lweRegista Yombuso ngo-2007 futhi yanconyelwa ukulinyelwa kuzo zonke izifunda zombili izifunda ezivulekile nasemazingeni okugcina izithombo. Kubhekwa njengezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kukhula ngaphansi kwefilimu.
Ukubukeka
I-Eggplant Valentine iyisihlahla esivulekile, esinamandla (kufika ku-80-90 cm amade) ngesakhiwo esisezingeni eliphakathi. Isiqu siqinile, simbozwe i-pubescence, sinombala obuthakathaka we-anthocyanin we-hue onsomi. Amaqabunga asayizi aphakathi apendwe kuluhlaza ocebile. Blooms Valentine izimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe-onsomi.
Naphezu kokubukeka okubucayi, izimbali zikaValentina zimelela isimo sezulu esibi ngaphandle kokukhubazeka
Izithelo zivuthwa kuqala, ezinyangeni ezi-2-2,5 ngemuva kokutshala. Lapho ulima ngaphansi kwefilimu, imifino yokuqala inganambitha ngoJulayi.
Izithelo zibukeka kakhulu - zibushelelezi, onsomi onsomi. Zinomumo obunjwe ngunda, kepha zide kakhulu ngobude (kufinyelela ku-26 cm), ububanzi bufinyelela ku-5 cm. Isisindo seqanda elilodwa singafinyelela ku-200-220 g. Uginindela umunxa, mhlophe ngombala, ubumnene kakhulu futhi awukhathali.
Izithelo zibukeka ngendlela eyodwa futhi zivuthwe ndawonye
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwe-isitshalo seqanda uValentine
Ama-eggplant ama-Valentine ngokuvamile abonakala ngezinzuzo eziningi:
- ukukhula kuqala futhi kuthele izithelo (emhlabathini ovulekile ungakhuphuka ufike ku-3,2 kg / m2);
- ukunambitheka okubucayi futhi okumnandi;
- ukubukeka okukhangayo nokufana kwezithelo;
- inani elincane lembewu;
- ukumelana nama-vagaries wesimo sezulu, izimbali azikhuli ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle;
- ukumelana okukhulu negciwane lika-ugwayi.
Okubi kwabanye abalimi kufaka ukushuba kwesithelo esincane, futhi ukunambitheka kubonakala kujwayelekile kwabaningi (okufana nezinhlobonhlobo zeDayimane). Kukholakala ukuthi ugwebu lukaValentina luphansi ngekhwalithi ku-Bibo.
Ukuhlwanyela nokukhula i-hybrid
Isitshalo seqanda sikaValentin singatshalwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile (mhlawumbe ezindaweni ezifudumele kuphela) noma izithombo ezikhulile.
Izithombo ezikhulayo
Imbewu yezithombo itshalwa eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaMashi. Njengoba imbewu yama nzalo yamaDashi ithengiswa kakade, ayidingi ukwelashwa okuhlinzekayo. Noma kunjalo, abanye abalimi bakholelwa ukuthi ofakwe kwi-ukukhula okushukumisayo (ngokwesibonelo, ijusi le-aloe) kusheshisa ukuvela kwezithombo.
Khumbula ukuthi isitshalo seqanda sikaValentine si-hybrid kanti imbewu ongayithola ngezithelo ngeke iphindaphinde impahla yesitshalo sikamama. Izinto zokutshala kuzodingeka ukuthi zithenge.
Ijusi le-Aloe liyisikhuthazo esihle sokukhula, imbewu efakwe kuyo inele isigamu sosuku
Ukuze kuhlume, imbewu ibekwa emaphepheni amanzi noma ngoboya bekotini bese igcinwa izinsuku eziningana ekushiseni okungama-22-25 mayelanaC. Lapho imbewu ibeka, idluliselwa ngokucophelela kuzipikili zep Peat, zepulasitiki noma zamaphepha ezigcwele inhlabathi.
Iziqukathi zembewu zibekwa egumbini elikhanyiswe kahle - ukukhanya okwengeziwe, kuphakama ikhwalithi yezithombo (ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, izitshalo ezincane zelulwa). Ukuqinisekisa ukukhanyisa okwanele, ungasebenzisa i-phytolamp.
Ama-phytolamp ahlinzeka ngokukhanyisa isibuko esidingekayo ezitshalweni
NgoMeyi, izithombo zikhulu ngokwanele ukuba zingatshalwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngaphambi kokutshala, izitshalo ziqine - zikhishwa izinsuku eziningana, zishiya isikhathi ngasinye isikhathi eside.
Umbhali ukhulisa ngempumelelo izithombo ze-isitshalo seqanda ngokusebenzisa indlela elandelayo. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ezinkomishini zepulasitiki mhlaka 20 kuFebhuwari: ziyakwazi ukukhula kahle, futhi uma ezinye zezitshalo zinyamalala, kunesikhathi sokuhlwanyela. Inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala kumele ichithwe ngesisombululo esishisayo se-potanganum permanganate. Imbewu (eyomile, ngaphandle kokuqunjelwa) ibekwa enhlabathini ibe mibili futhi imbozwe ungqimba lomhlabathi owomile. Izibuko zimbozwe ngefilimu futhi zibekwe endaweni efudumele. Amahlumela avela ngokushesha, ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-1.5-2. Izingilazi ezinezitshalo ezincane zibekwa efasiteleni, ziniselwa ngamanzi afudumele, bese zondliwa nge-potassium permanganate izikhathi ezi-2-3 (zivikela nasemlenzeni omnyama). Ukucubungula (single) nomuthi Athlete kuvimbela izithombo ukuba zikhule ngokweqile.
Ukukhethwa kwesiza nokulungiswa kwenhlabathi
Entwasahlobo, lapho inhlabathi ifudumala ngokwanele, izithombo zingadluliselwa endaweni eyiyo. Ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene, izinsuku zokufika zingenzeka zombili ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli naphakathi no-June (ezindaweni ezibandayo). Isikhombisi esikhulu ekukhetheni isikhathi sokufika yindawo yokushisa komoya: ngokushesha nje lapho isungulwe (ubusuku nemini) ngezinga lama-15-16 degrees, ungangena emhlabeni. Ngalesi sikhathi, izithombo zikhuphukela ku-20-25 cm, kumiswa amaqabunga eqiniso angama-5-7.
Ukuze imibhede yama-isitshalo seqanda yabelwe indawo enelanga, ekhanyiswa yilanga lasekuseni - isiza kakhulu imifino. Qondisa umbhede osuka entshonalanga uye empumalanga ukugwema ukubumbana kwezihlahla.
Isitshalo seqanda akufanele sitshalwe emva kokutshala ezinye izitshalo ezingomakhelwane! Izandulelayo ze-Optimum zizoba yimifino, izindunduma namathafa, iklabishi kanye izaqathi.
Umhlabathi kufanele ubiwe ngezinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala (noma ngabe wemba ekwindla). Kulokhu, i-humus, superphosphate, usawoti we-potassium kwethulwa emhlabathini. Inhlabathi ekhanyayo kodwa evundile ilungele kakhulu isitshalo seqanda. Uma isiza sakho singubumba, udinga ukufaka isihlabathi enhlabathini lapho usakha imibhede.
Ukulungisa inhlabathi nge-isitshalo seqanda - ividiyo
Abanye abalimi batusa ukutshala lwesinaphi embhedeni wesitshalo seqanda ekugcineni kuka-Ephreli, nokutshala imifino yesinaphi emhlabathini ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo. Ukusheshisa ukubola kwesinaphi, kungakuhle ukumboza umbhede ngefilimu, kepha izinsuku eziyi-1-1,5 kudinga ukususwa.
Ungafaka umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi enhlabathini ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo (isibonelo, iRost noma iKemira).
Ububanzi bombhede kufanele babalwe ngokubekwa kwamabhishi angabi ngaphezu kwamabili (okungenani 1 m). Ngakho-ke izitshalo zizonikezwa indawo eyanele yokudla okunempilo. Ubude bemibhede bangenziwa noma ibuphi usayizi, kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuthambisa isitshalo seqanda kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngamanzi amile, futhi imibhede emide inzima ukuyihambisa amanzi.
Imithetho yokufakelwa
Ama-eggplant ama-Valentine angatshalwa ngemigqa futhi agxilile. Esimweni sesibili, izitshalo zithola ukukhanya okwengeziwe ngebanga elincane phakathi kwazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibhede ingenziwa ibe mincanyana futhi kube lula uma kunesidingo, ukuyimboza ngefilimu. Ububanzi bemibhede bucishe bube ngama-60-70 cm.Ifilimu izokwanela emasontweni okuqala, uma ukhathazekile ngamafrimu asebusuku angabakhona.
Ekutshaleni umugqa, ibanga phakathi kwemigqa: 60-70 cm, phakathi kwezitshalo: 40-45 cm.
Ngokufika komugqa, ibanga phakathi kwemigqa kufanele okungenani libe ngu-60 cm
Ama-eggplant atshalwa kusihlwa noma ekuseni kwizimbobo ezenziwe ngaphambili engadini. Isigaxa samanzi afudumele sithululelwa emthonjeni ngamunye.
Izinsuku zokuqala ezingama-7 000, izithombo zeqanda ezingama-Valentine zidinga ukufakwa umbovu uma isimo sezulu sishisa futhi singenamafu. Inhlabathi ihlanganiswe ngokucophelela futhi yahlanganiswa.
Ukutshala isitshalo seqanda emhlabathini ovulekile kuvidiyo
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
I-Hybrid Valentine ayizithobi futhi idinga ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kuphela. Nisela izihlahla ze-isitshalo seqanda ngamanzi afudumele izikhathi ezingama-2-4 ngesonto. Ngemuva kokunisela, inhlabathi ezungeze izitshalo ikhululwe ngokucophelela ukuze ingalimazi izimpande, kungcono ukufaka izithombo zenhlabathi ngaphezulu.
Ukondliwa kokuqala kwezitshalo kwenziwa emavikini ama-3 ngemuva kokutshala. Kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi afudumele uthele 1 isipuni somanyolo weKemir. Thela amalitha ayi-0,5 ngaphansi kwempande. Ungasebenzisa into e-organic: umlotha wezinkuni, ukumnika othosiwe wamakhambi nokhula, isixazululo somquba.
Ngesikhathi kwenziwa ukwakhiwa kwamaqanda, umanyolo we-nitrogen-phosphorus ufakwa engxenyeni ye-isitshalo seqanda engxenyeni: 10 lamanzi: 25 g we-superphosphate: 25 g kasawoti we-potassium.
Lapho usuthisa ukumnika i-mullein, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe - imithamo emikhulu ingadala ukwanda kwesisindo seqabunga kulimaze izithelo.
Amakati amade impela, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokufaka izithelo kufanele aboshwe ngokusekelwa.
Kuyatuswa ukuthi ulondoloze ama-isitshalo seqanda ngama-twine noma imichilo yendwangu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhluma
Ekupheleni kukaJulayi, babheka kuwo wonke amahlahla ama-isitshalo seqanda ukukhetha amaqanda amakhulu kakhulu. Zishiywe, kanti ezinye zisuswa, njengezimbali. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze izithelo zivuthwe ngokushesha.
Lapho sikhula ku-greenhouse, kufakwa umoya omncane njalo ukuze izihlahla ze-isitshalo seqanda zingabi nokushisa okuphezulu. Ngenxa yokuqina kwazo, izitshalo ze-Valentine hybrid zigcina izimbali namaqanda, kepha izithelo zingaba zincane.
Umswakama akufanele udlule kuma-70%, ngaphandle kwalokho impova ayikwazi ukuhamba, isivuno sizokwehla. Ngemuva kokufakelwa ku-greenhouse, izitshalo ziniselwa okokuqala ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-5 (isilinganiso sokunisela se-0.5-1 l samanzi, ngokuqinile ngaphansi kwempande). Ngemuva kokunisela, ukukhululwa komhlaba kwenziwa.
Izici zokukhulisa isitshalo seqanda - ividiyo
Ungavikela kanjani isitshalo seqanda ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni
Ngokumelana okuhle kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane (ngokwesibonelo, kuya ku-mosaic kagwayi) I-Valentine ingathinteka ezifweni fungal, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zomswakama ophezulu. Okunokwenzeka kakhulu ukunqotshwa kwe-grey bola kanye nokulimala sekwephuzile.
Izithelo ezibolile zilahlekelwa ngokuphelele isethulo
Ungavikela ukubamba kwakho kulezi zifo ezingezinhle ngosizo lwezindlela zokuvimbela nokwelapha. Ukwelashwa ngeZircon neFitosporin kuzosiza ukuvikela izifo ezibangelwa ukhunta. Uma izitshalo zigula ngokulimala sekwephuzile, zingasindiswa ngosizo lweQuadris noma i-Anthracnol, futhi ukufafaza nge-Horus kuzosiza ekulweni nokubuna.
Khumbula, ngaphezu kokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhulula nokugcina inhlabathi ihlanzekile ngaphansi kwesitshalo seqanda, kanye nokugcina umswakama olinganiselayo - lokhu kuvame ukusiza ukuvikela izifo.
Kwezinambuzane, isitshalo seqanda sikaValentine singathinta ibhungane lamazambane leColorado, ama-slugs, ama-aphid kanye nama-spider izimbuzane.
Amabhungane nama-slugs angaqedwa ngesandla uma indawo yokutshala inkulu kakhulu. Ukuvimbela, ungatshala i-calendula, i-marigold, lwesinaphi eduze kwemibhede, njengoba lezi zitshalo zithusa izimbungulu kanye nama-aphid ngephunga lawo eliqinile. Ngokuhlulwa okunamandla yizimbungulu, imikhaza nama-aphid, izindlela zokwelapha izinambuzane, ngokwesibonelo, Arrow, kuzosiza. Ukwesabisa nokubhubhisa ama-slugs, kunconywa ukufafaza umlotha enhlabathini, kanye nezicupho zokubeka (isibonelo, izingcezu zokhuni) lapho kufihlwe khona ama-slgs. Izicupho ziyaqoqwa futhi zishiswe.
Ukulwa nezicabucabu zamaqanda - ividiyo
Ukuvuna Nokuvuna
UValentine uqala ukuqoqa isitshalo seqanda phakathi nehlobo. Ukuze izithelo zingalimali, kudingeka zisikwe nge-pruner. Lapho kuqala isikhathi sokuzala izithelo, isitshalo seqanda kudingeka sisuswe njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, sigweme ukuvuthwa ngokweqile. Imifino ilungele ukuqoqwa, ikhasi layo liye laba mnyama futhi lacwebezela. Uma ikhasi selifiphele futhi selifiphele kancane, kusho ukuthi izithelo sezandisile futhi imbewu yaqala ukuba lukhuni kuyo.
Kuyadingeka ukuqoqa ama-eggplant amaningi, uma kungenjalo ukwakheka kwezithelo ezintsha kuzoncipha.
Ungagcina ama-amaqanda amaqanda ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukunambitheka cishe inyanga egumbini elipholile. Ngenxa yokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, izithelo zikaValentina zilungile ngokwenza noma yimaphi amakhono obuciko.
Izithelo ezithosiwe zeValentina zihamba kahle notamatisi namakhambi
Ukuhlaziya abalimi
Izithelo zikaValentina ezihogelwe i-acetone 8) Futhi uBibo ubushelelezi kakhulu ekunambithekeni, ngizokutshala kuphela kanye nephuzu
Isihlabelelo
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=6270&start=195
Ukunambitheka kwe nzalo akukubi kunalokho okweqanda okwenziwa ngokuhlukahlukana. Khula ngokushesha. UValentina uthela izithelo zakuqala kakhulu.
alex1940
//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=39793&st=40
Ngatshala uValentine. Izithelo empeleni ziqala ekuseni, futhi zibe nezithelo. Ukuphela kwento, izithelo mncane. Kepha akubalulekile kangako
I-Dune
//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=39793&st=40
UValentina uyisithelo esithela, esincane, esimile, kulula ukwenza isitshalo seqanda ngesiKorea.
UFail Violet
//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=39793&st=40
Ngonyaka odlule ngitshale izinhlobo ezintathu zama-isitshalo seqanda: iBibo F1, uValentina F1 neHelios. Uthandwe uBibo, izithelo, inyama emhlophe, hhayi ebabayo. IHelios isilwane eside, bengilokhu ngitshala itshala iminyaka emithathu kusuka ezinhlanyweni zami. UValentina - ukukhiqiza okuphakathi, ukunambitheka kujwayelekile (njengeDayimane), inyama iluhlaza okotshani.
viki00
//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?p=579590
I-Eggplant Valentine ayidingi izindleko ezinkulu zabasebenzi ukuze itshalwe. Uma ulandela imithetho ejwayelekile yokunakekelwa, ungathola isivuno esihle ezinsukwini zokuqala. Into esemqoka ukungavumeli izithelo zivele kabusha!
