Kuzo zonke izilwane nezinyoni, inqubo yokukhiqiza inzalo ijwayelekile. Futhi nakuba kubonakala sengathi akukho lutho olulula kunokuba uhlezi phansi enkukhu ukuze uqothule i-clutch, kusekhona ama-nuances amaningi namacici kuleli bhizinisi, esizoxoxa ngalo kulesi sihloko. Sizokhuluma ngendlela yokuhlela indawo yenkukhu, indlela yokukhetha amaqanda ayoletha impumelelo enkulu, yiziphi izimo okudingeka zidalwe ngenkukhu ngesikhathi sokukhushulwa. Ngakho, asiqonde.
Indlela yokuhlela nokuthi ungabeka nini isidleke senkukhu
Omunye wemithetho eyisisekelo ekubekeni isidleke ngenkukhu ukugwema isimo esicindezelayo enkukhu engase ivele ngenxa yokushintsha okungazelelwe kwendawo yokuhlala, ngoba abalimi abathile banikezela ikamelo elihlukile lekhukhu elihlukile lapho lalikhona ngaphambili. Ukushintsha okunjalo kuleso simo kungenza inkukhu ibe neyokukhathazeka futhi yenza noma yiziphi izinto eziyiziphukuphuku, njengokungcolisa amaqanda.
Funda indlela yokukhukhumeza inkukhu ukuze uqede amaqanda.
Enye iphuzu elibalulekile ukuhlukaniswa kwezihlobo. Umuntu akakwazi ukwenza umsindo eduze ne hen hen, kumele uzizwe uvikelekile. Kubalulekile ukunakekelwa ukuthi akukho ilanga eliqondile eliyowela esihlahleni. Le ndawo kufanele ibe ne-shaky futhi ifakwe ngokulinganisela.
Ukugcwaliswa kwesidleke kumele kuthathelwe indawo njalo ukuze kungabi ukuqala ukucula nokubola.
Isitsha esinamanzi kufanele sibekwe eceleni kwesidleke ukuze inyoni ingazivuselela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngaphezu kwalokho, isitsha esinjalo sizofaka isandla esimeni somswakama womoya. Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya liphakeme kakhulu, ungafafaza phansi endlini enkukhu ngamanzi ukuze inkukhu ingashisi.
Ngokuqondene nezinto ezisendlekeni, zonke izinto zemvelo kufanele zikhethwe: izinkuni, ama-wickerwork, utshani, utshani, amahlumela, njll. Ibhokisi lezinkuni noma ibhasikidi le-wicker, eligcwele utshani olusha noma i-hay, lizokwenza.
Kubalulekile! Kuzinyosi kudinga indawo enkulu yamahhala esidlekeni ukushintsha isikhathi. Kuze kube sekugcineni, kufanele ifakwe impela enkulu kakhulu, ishiye cishe ama-5-7 cm phakathi kwenkukhu nezinhlangothi. Usayizi ophakanyisiwe wesidleke ngu-45x35 cm.Ingaphansi yesitsha esinjalo kufanele sibe ne-sawdust noma umlotha, futhi kakade ubeke utshani phezu kwalo. Ukushisa noma umlotha kuzothatha umswakama obuningi kusuka emgodini. Uma uhlanganisa isidleke ngotshani, kuyadingeka ukwakha ukuma kwendebe, ukujulisa isikhungo nokuphakamisa izinhlangothi ukuze amaqanda agcinwe enqwabeni futhi angaphumi esihlahleni.
Ukwakha isidleke: ividiyo
Ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi le nkhuku ngokwayo ibonise indawo oyintandokazi kumnikazi. Kulokhu, kufanele ucabangele leli qiniso futhi ulungise isidleke endaweni ekhonjiswe ngumama ozayo.
Uma kunezinkukhu eziningana, udinga ukucima izitshalo kusuka komunye nomunye ngamashidi weplywood ukuze izinkukhu zingaboni noma ziphazamisane. Ukuze izinyoni zingadluli kude esidlekeni, udinga ukubeka abaphuzi kanye nabanikazi bokudla ngamunye wabo ngabanye futhi basondele esidlekeni.
Funda ukuthi ukufakelwa kwamaqanda ezinkukhu, kanye nezici ze-incubators "AI-48", "Ryabushka 70", "TGB 140", "Sovatutto 24", "Sovatutto 108", "iNest 100", "Layer", "Ideal" hen "," i-Cinderella ", i-" Titan "," i-Blitz ", i-" Neptune ", i-" Kvochka "
Indlela yokukhetha amaqanda ngaphansi kwenkukhu
Ukukhethwa kwamaqanda okufakelwa ukushisa kuzoba isinyathelo esibalulekile, okuzokwenza ukuthi kube yimpumelelo enkulu yomsebenzi ngenani lamatshitshi athisiwe. Ngezansi uhlu lwezincomo eziyisisekelo zokukhethwa okufanele kwezingqikithi ezifanelekile zokufakelwa okulandelayo:
- uma uhlola amaqanda, ungafaki okuphukile, okungcolile, omncane kakhulu futhi omkhulu kakhulu;
- Yenza ucwaningo lwesampula ngasinye ku-ovoskop futhi ungabandakanyi labo lapho "i-krasuks" (iqukethe amaprotheni anezikhupha) noma "amakhubhu" (aqukethe ama-turbid, amnyama ne-opaque) atholakala;
- Ungabeka kuphela amaqanda amasha noma lawo agcinwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele (ekamelweni elimnyama elinokushisa kwemoya aliphakeme ngaphezu kuka-12 ° C kanye nomswakama wesihlobo ka-75%).
Uma kunesidingo, ungabhala amaqanda ohlobo olulodwa noma olunye, ngakho-ke ukudideka akukwenzeka kamuva.
Kumele futhi sigxile ekukhethweni kwamaqanda, kodwa nakwezinye izinyoni ezilungele ukuba amaphuphu. Njengomthetho, lapho kufika entwasahlobo, ezinye izinkukhu ziqala ukuthuthukisa isisindo somama. Lokhu kungabonakala kusuka eziningana zezici, okungukuthi:
- clucking esebenzayo;
- ukubekezela ngokweqile esidlekeni nasekungafuni ukushiya;
- ukubhoboza izimpaphe zezinkukhu nokuzifaka esidlekeni.
Uyazi? Kungenzeka ukuhlola inkukhu yokutholakala kwezinkukhu zasendle ngezinsiza zamaqhinga - noma yikuphi amaqanda noma izinto ezincibilikisiwe. Uma inkukhu izohlala ngokuzikhandla ngenkokhelo yokukhohlisa izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-3 ngokulandelana, khona-ke ingabhekwa njengeyamukelekile futhi ithathe isikhundla sokubamba okungamanga. Ngesinye isikhathi isheke elinjalo sibonisa ukuthi emva kwelanga noma ezimbili, inkukhu ishiya esidlekeni ngokungenakwenzeka. Inkukhu enjalo ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa.
Zingaki amaqanda ongawafaka ngaphansi kwenkukhu eyodwa
Impendulo yalo mbuzo iyoba yindawo enkulu lapho inkukhu ikwazi ukumboza umzimba wayo.
Akufanele uvumele isimo esinjalo, uma ingxenye yamaqanda okwedlulele ama-bulges angama-half avela ngaphansi kwe-hen. La maqanda ngeke athole inani elanele lokushisa, ngakho-ke, izinkukhu ngeke zithole ukuthuthukiswa okufanele futhi ngeke zizalwe.
Inkukhu ngokwayo iyakwazi ukubala inani lamaqanda lingasakaza. Ukwenza lokhu, faka amaqanda ambalwa ayisishiyagalolunye esihlahleni esiseduze nenkukhu ehlezi. Uzoqala ukuwagoqa ngaphansi komlomo wakhe, enze isamba esifanele. Izibonelo ezingadingekile noma lezo ezingazange zihlanganiswe nomzimba wakhe kufanele zisuswe.
Kumele futhi kugcizelele ukuthi amaqanda kufanele afakwe kuphela koqweqwe olulodwa. Ngokwesilinganiso, amaqanda angafika ku-15 angangena ngaphansi kwenkukhu eyodwa.
Uyazi? Inkukhu iyinyoni eyingqayizivele, ngoba isisindo sayo semvelo siphuthumayo kangangokuthi sikwazi ukuxosha inkukhu kuphela, kodwa futhi i-goose, izigwaca, amaqanda e-duck ne-turkey, ezithatha zona. Ngakho-ke, inkukhu ingasetshenziswa njengenkukhu enhle kakhulu yokuqothula zonke izinhlobo zamaqanda ezinkukhu.
Indlela yokunakekela inkukhu phakathi nenkathi yokuthutha
Ngokuvamile isisulu somama yenkukhu siyenza sikhohlwe ngaye futhi sihlale esihlahleni ngaso sonke isikhathi, singamshiyi, sikhiphe ukoma noma indlala. Isimo esinjalo singase sibe nomthelela omubi empilweni yenkukhu, engase iholele nasekufeni kwayo.
Inkukhu idinga ukuqhutshwa ngezikhathi ezithile esidlekeni sokudla.
Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, kudingeka usebenzise indlela yokudla yokudla. Kubalulekile ukususa inkukhu esihlahleni bese uyisa endaweni lapho ithola ukudla namanzi. Kodwa omunye kufanele acabangele iqiniso lokuthi emva kokusebenzisa okunjalo inyoni ingase ingafuni ukubuyela esidlekeni.
Kulolu cala, kufanele kukhonjiswe futhi kubekwe ngokuqinile esihlahleni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inkukhu izokuthuthukisa i-reflex ethile, futhi iyozimela ngokuzimela isidleke, ibuyele kuyo ngesikhathi esifushane. Ngesikhathi engekho, uzokwazi ukufaka indawo yelitha bese uhlola ukuthuthukiswa kwemibungu.
Kubalulekile! I-embryo ekhula kahle kufanele ingabonakali ngegobolondo, ngoba igoqelwe ungqimba lwamaprotheni. Uma, uma uhlola amaqanda, uthola umbungu wezinkukhu endaweni eseduze nendawo yegobolondo (lokhu kungabonakala kusukela emnyama), leli qanda kufanele lithathelwe indawo, ngoba ukuthuthukiswa kombungu kulesi simo akulungile. Hlola amaqanda esidlekeni kufanele kube ngemuva kweviki lokuqala lokutshala.Uma kwenzeka uthola iqanda elichotshoziwe, kumelwe ulikhiphe masinyane uphinde ubeke ilitha elibi.
Futhi ngenkathi inkukhu ishiya isidleke, amaqanda ashiywe kufanele ahlanganiswe nento yokugwema amaconsi okushisa. Njengolwazi olunjalo, utshani, utshani noma ingxenyana yengubo endala ingasetshenziswa, okumele isuswe ngokushesha nje uma inkukhu ibuyela emisebenzini yayo yenkukhu.
Uma izinkukhu ziqala ukuzalwa, ama-shells aqhekekile kufanele asuswe masinyane esidlekeni, ngoba amaphethelo awo abukhali avimbela izinkukhu ukuba zihlale esihlahleni futhi zivame ukubaleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Funda ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani izinkukhu ngemuva kokufakelwa ukukhulelwa.
Zingaki izinsuku inkukhu ehlala emaqanda?
Isilinganiso sibhekwa njengosuku lokufakelwa ukufakelwa ngaphakathi ezinsukwini ezingu-21. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kunconywa ukuba kuqaphele inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwamabriyoni ngokuphindwe kathathu usebenzisa i-ovoscope. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okunjalo, kubalulekile ukuhlonza izinga lemibungu futhi, uma kunesidingo, ulungise izimo zokufudumala.
Ovoskopirovaniya amaqanda inkukhu ngosuku
Izinsuku ezifanele zokuhlola ziyizinsuku zesikhombisa, eziyishumi nesishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalombili kusukela ngesikhathi sokubhuka.
- Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuqala, akufanele uthole i-embryo eduze negobolondo. Vumela isithunzi sayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemithambo yegazi ku-yolk. Uma i-embryo iqala ngokungalungile, izitsha zayo zizoba mnyama futhi zihlelwe ngendandatho. Leli qiniso lizobonisa ukufa kombungu. Amaqanda angenalutho angabonakaliswa phakathi nalokhu kuhlolwe, njengoba zizogqama ngokuphelele, njengeqanda evamile.
- Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesibili, uzothola ukuthi isithunzi sombungu sesanda futhi manje sithatha cishe ingxenye yesine yendawo yonke yeqanda. Inethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi ngesikhathi esifanayo iyoba yimbi kakhulu futhi ithuthukiswe ngokuqinile.
- Kodwa ekuhlolweni kwesithathu, uzobe usuqaphele ukuhamba komntwana kusukela ohlangothini olungenalutho lweqanda. I-nestling izohlala cishe yonke indawo yangaphakathi futhi ilungiselela ukuzalwa.
Funda indlela yokudla izinkukhu, ukuphatha izinkukhu isifo sohudo, indlela yokuthola inkukhu yokuhamba.
Izinkukhu zokuqala zingadabula igobolondo kakade ngosuku 19. Futhi ukukhishwa okugcwele kuyokwenzeka ngosuku lwama-20-21. Ungesabi uma amantombazane ehle kancane kancane noma, ngokuphambene, kancane kancane. Lezi zinqubo zemvelo, zemvelo, ushintsho olwenzekayo kuye ngezimo lapho amaqanda agcinwa khona ngaphambi kokufakelwa.
Uma izinkukhu ziqhakazile, kufanele zishiywe amahora ambalwa eceleni komama bese ziwayeka, bese zifakelwa ebhasikisini elihlukile noma ebhokisini elibekiwe ngezinto ezithambile (okukhethwa kukho okungcono ukuthi kusetshenziswe ithambo elifudumele nelinyene noma iphepha).
Kunconywa ukuthi ugcine izinkukhu ezisanda kuzalwa ekushiseni kwe-+35 ° C, kancane kancane ukunciphisa nge-2 degrees njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-5, ulethe inani eliphelele ku- +20 ° C. Njenge-preheat, ungasebenzisa isibani esincane se-incandescent.
Uyazi? Inani lezinombolo zocansi ezinkukhu liyi-50/50.
Ukunakekela inkukhu enesitokisini esincane kufaka ukudla kwabo ngesikhathi esifanele, ukuphuza nokugcina izimo ezidingekayo zokushisa.
Manje uyazi ukuthi yonke inqubo yokuzalanisa izinkukhu iqhubeka kanjani: kusukela ngesikhathi sokubekwa kwembatho nokukhethwa kwamaqanda kuze kube esigabeni sokugcina, lapho kuvela izibani ezincane eziphuzi.
Ukuqondiswa yizimiso nezincomo ezinikezwe esihlokweni sethu, uzokwazi ukukhiqiza ngokuphumelelayo isizukulwane esisha sezinkukhu, futhi umama wezinkukhu uzothola konke okudingayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke inqubo ekhulayo yokukhukhumeza iyenzeka ngokunethezeka ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukubekwa inkukhu: ividiyo
Indlela yokunakekela inkukhu: ukubuyekezwa
ukukhathazeka, kanjani ukunakekela inkukhu inkukhu
Indlela yokunakekela inkukhu yenkukhu yenkukhu; ukunakekela inkukhu phakathi nenkathi yokukhukhumeza inquma imiphumela yokuqothula. Ngalesi sikhathi kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inkukhu njalo, izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngosuku, ishiya isidleke sokudla, ukuphuza nokuhamba. Ngakho-ke, uma inkukhu ingashiyi isidleke sayo yedwa, kufanele isuswe, isidleke kufanele sivaliwe, futhi inyoni kufanele ikhululwe. ikhukhu iphelelwe imizuzu engu-15-20. uma yena ngokwakhe engabuyeli esidlekeni, uphoqeleka ukuba abuyele lapho. lapho inyoni ishiya isidleke, kungcono ukumboza amaqanda ukuze uwagcine ekupholiseni.
ukondla i-hen ingaba isondlo kanye nezinhlamvu eziphelele. kufanele futhi ubondle imifino ehlukahlukene yezimpande nemifino.
eduze kwesidleke, kancane kancane kuso, ukuze uthole umquba, udinga ukufaka umxhasi ngexube elomileyo lokudla (ibhali noma ibhali, ama-oats noma ummbila), isondlo esinamafutha kanye namalahle ochotshoziwe namanzi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile.
Ngezinsuku ezishisayo, abalimi bezinkukhu ngezinye izikhathi bafaka amanzi ekomelweni eliphansi, elizinzile ukuze inkukhu ikwazi ukumanzisa izimpaphe zazo uma zifisa. eduze kwesidleke, kude no-1.5-2m, udinga ukufaka amanzi okugeza (ibhokisi elinomlotha nomhlabathi) lapho inkukhu "ingahlamba khona". Lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu njengoba ikhulula izinyoni ezinambuzane.
Ukuhamba ngezinkukhu ngokuvamile kushiya isidleke ekuseni ekuseni. ngenkathi ehamba futhi edla, umlimi wezinkukhu kufanele ahlole isidleke. uma kuvela ukuthi inkukhu ingcolise isidleke noma ichotshoze iqanda, kubalulekile ukuyihlanza ngokucophelela, esikhundleni senkunkuma. Amaqanda angcolile kufanele ahlanzwe ngokucophelela ngamanzi afudumele, kodwa angasuswa, njengoba lokhu kuzobhubhisa ifilimu ye-nadkorlupny (kungcono hhayi ukugeza lonke iqanda, kodwa kuphela ingxenye engcolile).
Ngosuku lokuqala, isikhukhukazi akufanele siphazamiseke, ngisho noma singaphumi ukuhamba: masihlale, ajwayele esidlekeni. kodwa ngosuku lwesibili (futhi ezinsukwini ezalandela) inkukhu enenkani ngokuhlala ngamaqanda kufanele isuswe esidlekeni uma ingaphumi ukuhamba. Kubalulekile ukususa isikhukhu esihlahleni ngokucophelela: umlimi onenalwazi onenkukhu angaphakamisa iqanda (ezimweni ezinjalo lifakwe ngaphansi kwephiko lezinkukhu, bese liwela futhi liphule).
kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi leli hen lihamba kanjani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lithathile ukudla, liphuze amanzi, uma lizikhukhumezile nokuthi libuyele kanjani esidlekeni ngokushesha. ngokuvamile ezinsukwini zokuqala inkukhu ihamba cishe imizuzu engu-8-12 (okuyiyona evamile), bese isivele imaminithi engu-15-20 (kuze kube semaminithi angu-25-30 ngezinsuku ezishisayo). uma ikhukhu "ikhohliwe" ngesidleke, kuzodingeka uyihlwanyele lapho, kodwa akufanele usheshe uhambe nayo, ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini ezifudumele.
ekuqaleni kokuqhaqhazela (izinsuku zokuqala ezingu-2-3) futhi ekugcineni, ngesikhathi sezinkukhu zokuqothula, akufanele ukuphazanyisa ngokungafanele izimbongolo bese ubaphoqa ukuba bashiye isidleke. phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukupholisa okubukhali futhi okuqhubekayo kwamaqanda akusifisi. ekupheleni kokutshala, ngaphambi kokuqothuka kwezinkukhu, izinkukhu zihlala ziqinile esihlahleni, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi abanye bayishiye. Kulesi simo, izinkukhu zigcinwa esidlekeni, zimboze ngebhasikidi noma kwenye idivayisi.
Phakathi nenkathi yokuqothula, ukukhathazeka kwezinkukhu kungabangela ama-eggshell avela kumaqanda okuqhakaziza, ngakho-ke kufanele kususwe ngezikhathi ezithile esidlekeni.
