Lapho ukhetha izinhlobonhlobo ezi-raspberry zomkhululi wazo, umlimi ngamunye ugxila kokuthanda kwakhe: esinye sidinga isitshalo esinganambitheki, esinye sitshalo esinikela isivuno esikhulu, esesithathu sinqande isithwathwa. I-Raspberry Phenomenon ihlanganisa hhayi zonke lezi zimfanelo, kodwa futhi nezinye izinzuzo eziningi futhi ilungele ukukhula cishe kunoma yiziphi izimo zezulu.
Umlando wokutshala kwePhenomenon
I-Raspberry Phenomenon yavela ngonyaka we-1991 sibonga umsebenzi wabahwebi besiteshi sokuhlola saseKrasnokutsk (i-Ukraine), beqa izinhlobo iSolichnaya ne-Odarka. Umbhali wezinhlobonhlobo nguG.K. Umbumbi
Ngenxa yokumelana kwayo okuphezulu nezimo ezikhulayo ezikhulayo, lo mkhuba uthole ukuthandwa phakathi kwalabalimi hhayi e-Ukraine kuphela, kodwa naseRussia naseBelarus. Le nhlobonhlobo ayikabhaliswa ku-Rejista Yezwe Yenzalo Yokuzala.
I-raspberry ezihlukahlukene Phenomenon - ividiyo
Incazelo yezinsimbi ezixubile zePhenomenon
Okunhlobonhlobo Okuphathelene neminyaka yaphakathi nesizini. Izihlahla ezisabaleleyo zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayi-2,5-2.7. Iziqu zimbozwe ngameva aphakathi nendawo. Ama-raspberries aqhakaza ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli.
I-raspberry Flowers Phenomenon - ividiyo
Isitshalo ngasinye sakha inani elanele lamahlumela obambele kanye nezimpande zezimpande. Isici esihlukile kwezinhlobonhlobo yikhono le amahlumela ukushintsha umbala: amahlumela amasha alo nyaka apendwe aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala onsomi, amahlumela eneminyaka emibili ubudala anombala onsundu, aphenduka ophuzi ngokwindla.
Ngesikhathi sokufaka izithelo, izihlahla ezinkulu okusajingijolo ziqhekeka isivuno
Abathandi abaningi bathatha i-Phenomenon yezinhlobonhlobo zokulungisa, njengoba le raspberry igxuma ezihlahleni ezisele ngemuva kokuthenwa, futhi inikeze nesitshalo sesibili ekwindla. Kuliqiniso, isivuno sesibili senzeko sivuthwa kuphela emaphethelweni amahlumela futhi asibalulekanga ngosayizi.
Amajikijolo akhiwa amakhulu (isisindo esijwayelekile esingu-4.5-5 g, aze afike ku-8-9 g), ukuma okugqamile (okujikelezayo ngonyaka wokuqala). Ukuvuthwa kuqala engxenyeni yesibili kaJuni. Izithelo ziqukethe ama-drupes amakhulu, hhayi anamathele kakhulu komunye nomunye.
Amajikijolo abomvu akhanyayo angama-conical ayimangalisa ngosayizi.
Isikhumba se-matte sibomvu ngokugqamile, inyama ibomvu, kepha kunalokho iminyene, ukunambitheka kumnandi nge-acidity encane, iphunga linamandla futhi limnandi. Okuqukethwe ushukela kungama-6.7%, ama-asidi - 2%, amavithamini C - 44.7%.
Amajikijolo avela omile kumhlwanyeli.
Amandla ahlukahlukene ahlukahlukene
Ungafaka uphawu kuma-raspberry. Umcimbi ungafundwa ngokufunda ngezinzuzo nezinzuzo zako.
Izinzuzo zebanga:
- ukukhiqiza okuphezulu (ama-kg kg angama-6-6 esihlahleni ngasinye);
- ukuvuthwa okunobungane nokuntuleka kwamajikijolo ancibilikayo;
- ukuqina kobusika obukhulu - amahlathi awadingi indawo yokukhosela ebusika obubanda kakhulu;
- ukungathobeki ezimweni ezikhulayo nokusebenza okuphezulu;
- ukubekezelela isomiso esihle, ngenkathi iqinisekisa ukuthambisa okwanele, izitshalo zibekezelela kalula ukushisa okukhulu, amajikijolo awabhaki elangeni;
- ukumelana nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nezikhunta, ezingathinteki yi-midges enyongo;
- ukunambitheka okuhle nokuhanjiswa kwezithelo.
Ukushoda kwama-raspberries Isimanga sithathwa njengokunambitheka okujwayelekile kwamajikijolo nokuguquguquka okunamandla kokunambitheka ngokuya ngokuqukethwe usawoti kanye nama-humus emhlabathini.
Ngokuvamile, izinhlobonhlobo azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi "phenomenal", ngaphandle kwamandla omangalisayo.
Imithetho kokwehla nokunakekelwa
Isihluthulelo sokuvunwa okuhle ukutshala okufanele.
Ungatshala kuphi futhi kanjani ama-raspberries
Okuhle kunakho konke ukuthi, ama-raspberries akhula futhi athele izithelo ngokukhanya kwelanga okwanele, ngakho-ke udinga ukusitshala eningizimu noma eningizimu mpumalanga yesiza. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba akufanele abekwe eduzane kwe-1.5 m ukusuka ebusweni bomhlaba - kuyo yonke imvelo yawo othanda umswakama, ama-raspberries awakubekezeleli ukuqina kwamanzi.
Amajikijolo atshaliwe.I-Phenomenon entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Intwasahlobo ibhekwa njengesizini enhle yokutshala, njengoba izithombo zizoba nesikhathi esithe xaxa sokukhula nokukhula ngaphambi kokuqala kobusika.
Uhlobo lomhlabathi olungcono kakhulu lwama-raspberries yinhlabathi ethambile engadlula umoya namanzi kahle. Ukusabela kwenhlabathi kuyinto efiselekayo engathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic kancane (pH 5.8-6.7). Inani elikhulu lezakhamzimba liyadingeka.
Umhlabathi we-Clay uqukethe i-oksijini encane nezimpande ze-raspberry zingabola. Kulokhu, kungcono ukulungiselela imibhede ephezulu kusuka enhlabathini enenqwaba yezitshalo. Ama-raspberry adinga ukutshala ezitolo ezinkulu ezinamanzi angaphansi komhlaba asezindaweni nasezindaweni ezinemvula ejwayelekile nemvula. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ezindaweni ezinomhlabathi omile kakhulu, ukutshala kufanele kwenziwe emiseleni.
Uma inhlabathi esakhiweni ingavundile ngokwanele, kubalulekile ukuyilungisa kahle. Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokutshala kungenziwa zombili entwasahlobo nasekwindla, futhi kufaka nokumba inhlabathi, kususe ukhula, kufinyeleleke ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi bese kwethula izakhi zomzimba. Kwimitha ngayinye eyisikwele ye-raspberry yesikhathi esizayo, kuyadingeka ukwenza amakhilogremu angama-7-8 ngokufakwa kwe-0,1 kg ye-superphosphate ne-50 g kasawoti we-potassium. Umanyolo ufakelwa enhlabathini kuze kufike ekujuleni kophiko.
Endaweni eyodwa, ama-raspberry angagcinwa iminyaka eyi-8-10. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuthatha inani elikhulu lezakhamzimba ezivela enhlabathini (amahlandla ama-5 ngaphezu kwama-gooseberry). Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokucebisa kokuqala ngomanyolo, inhlabathi isheshe isheshe, noma ngabe kufakwa umquba.
Izinto zokutshala zingathengwa (ngasikhathi sinye sinaka ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwezimpande, ukungabikho kwezimpawu zokubola noma izifo ezimpandeni kanye nesiqu) noma uzitholele ngokwakho. Umcimbi unikeza inani elikhulu lamahlumela, ngakho-ke ukuvuna kwezithombo akunzima. Udinga ukukhetha inzalo enamandla kunazo zonke, uyigaye ngokucophelela uyihlukanise nesihlahla sikamama ngokuhlangana nesixha sezimpande nesixha somhlaba. Ngemuva kokudlulisa inzalo enjalo, kudingeka uyinakekele ngokucophelela bese uyinisela njalo, kuze kube yilapho kuvela imbawula.
Ungasebenzisa enye indlela - ukuzala kabusha ngokuhlelwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, omunye wemaphetha ama-raspberries ugobe phansi, wenza ukusikeka okuningi kuwo, obekwe esigcawini esingajulile (5-6 cm) futhi embozwe ngumhlaba. Inqobo nje uma inhlabathi iswakanyiswe kahle, umgodi onjalo kungekudala uzomila.
Ukusakazeka kwama-raspberries ngokwenziwa - ividiyo
Ngokutshala ama-raspberries, kukhiwa imigodi ye-0.4 x 0.4 m noma imisele yobubanzi obufanayo nobubanzi. Bafaka ingxube yenhlabathi kanye nomanyolo ngesilinganiso se-4-5 kg se-humus, i-150-200 g ye-superphosphate ne-100 g yomlotha ngesitshalo ngasinye. Ingqimba yezakhi ifafazwa ngenhlabathi ehlanzekile.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, isithombo se-raspberry sinqunywa sibe ukuphakama okungama-30-35 cm, kuyathandeka ukususa amaqabunga.
Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo ezingomakhelwane kufanele ligcinwe ngaphakathi kwama-60-80 cm, phakathi kwamarowu - 1.5 - 2 m.
Izithombo zisethwe ezitolo ezilungiselelwe, ngemuva kokuba ziqondile izimpande, zimbozwe ngenhlabathi. Ngemuva kokuhlanganisa inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu, isihlahla ngasinye siniselwa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Inhlabathi kumele ihlanganiswe ngesendlalelo se-peat noma i-humus.
Umlobi watshala ama-raspberry ngokuphumelelayo emgodini omncane obukhulu be-1.5 bayonet spade kanye nobubanzi be-1 bayonet. Isendlalelo se-sawdust enezinyosi ezinobukhulu obungu-7-8 cm sibekwa ezansi komsele.Izinhlangothi zomsele zibekwa ngesilayidi noma ngeshidi lensimbi - lokhu kuvimbela ama-raspberries ukuthi angabhebhetheki ku-raspberry. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye, ungathela uhhafu wamabhakede womquba, bese uwunisela kahle. Ngale ndlela yokutshala, ama-raspberries atholakala kahle futhi akhula ngentshiseko.
Ukutshala okusajingijolo kuvidiyo
Ungayinakekela kanjani ama-raspberries
I-raspberry Phenomenon ayizethembi futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Amabhasi ayakwazi ukuthwala umthwalo omkhulu wezithelo, kepha iziqu zigobe futhi zidinga ukuboshwa. Inketho elula kakhulu ukufaka ama-trellises ngokuphakama okuphelele okufika ku-2 m.
Indlela elula yokwenza ama-raspberries yi-trellis eyodwa
Amahlathi azonikeza amajikijolo amaningi, uma ungawavumeli ukuba afinyelele phezulu, kodwa awaphoqe ukuba abe ngamagatsha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lapho izitshalo zifinyelela ukuphakama okungu-1.1-1.2 m, nciza iziqongo. Awukwazi ukufeza izihlahla zasehlobo amahlumela - lokhu kunciphisa isivuno.
Ezimweni ezifudumele, i-Raspberry Phenomenon kwesinye isikhathi ibonisa izimpawu zokuzisusa, yakha ekwindla isivuno sesibili (ivolumu encane) eziqongweni zamahlumela amasha. Uma amajikijolo evunyelwe ukuvuthwa, khona-ke ngonyaka olandelayo lezi amahlumela ngeke zisathela izithelo. Ngakho-ke, akunconywa ukuvumela ukwenziwa kwe-ekwindla - izimbali zidinga ukunqunywa.
I-raspberry ekhulayo Iphenomenon - ividiyo
Ukunisela nokondla
Okusajingijolo Umcimbi umelana nesomiso, kepha ukuchelela akufanele kunganakwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe kahle isitshalo. Ukuchelela kokuqala kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza (ishumi lokugcina lika-Ephreli), uma kunetha imvula encane ngalesi sikhathi. Ngemuva kwalokho isidingo esengeziwe somswakama senzeka ngenkathi kwakhiwa ama-ovari nangemva kokuvuna. Amanzi ngesilinganiso samalitha ayi-10 - 20 wamanzi ngesitshalo esisodwa athululelwa emiseleni yokunisela noma kwizimbobo ezimbiwe eduze kwesihlahla (ebangeni eli-0,4-0,5 m ukusuka esisekelweni). Uma inhlabathi ku-raspberry ikhukhuleke kakhulu, kuzoqala izimpande. Elungile ukuchelela ngenkasa.
Kusukela eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ka-Agasti, ukuthambisa kuvame ukumiswa, kepha ngesikhathi sokushisa esomile nesomile, amanzi kufanele anikezwe kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba.
Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza izimbali nangemva kokuvuna ama-raspberries angathelwa ngokufafaza
Ukusuka kumanyolo Umuthi uphendula kangcono kumakhompiyutha e-nitrogen. Ukutshala kwenziwa kathathu ngesizini - ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (ngemuva kokuncibilika kwenhlabathi), ekuqaleni kwezimbali nasekupheleni kokuvunwa kwamajikijolo. Ukwethula izakhamzimba ezungeze isihlahla, gaya i-groove ngo-15-20 cm, uthele i-carbamide noma i-ammonium nitrate kuyo (10 g / m2) Ukuqothula umanyolo, udinga ukunisela izitshalo kakhulu (amalitha ayi-10-20 amanzi), bese uvala i-groove bese ufaka izithombo zezihlahla ngaphezulu ngengqimba yotshani.
Ukunisela nokusuthisa ama-raspberries kuvidiyo
Ekwindla, ama-raspberries alungiselelwe ubusika. Njengoba unikezwe ubunzima obukhulu bePhenomenon ebusika, akudingekile ukuyimboza. Konke okudingekayo ukunquma amahlumela othela izithelo agcwele nomhlaba.
Ukuvikelwa kwePhenomenon ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni
Ngokuvamile, izinhlobonhlobo zePhenomenon zinokumelana okuhle kwezifo nezinambuzane. Noma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukulimaza ehlathini nge-bushiness emfishane, umdlavuza wamagciwane, ukubola okungwevu.
I-Dwarf bushiness ijabulisa leli gciwane futhi izibonakalisa ekuhlukaniselweni kwezitshalo, ukubonakala kwezinzalo eziningi ezacile nezibuthakathaka ezinamaqabunga amancane, kanye nokwehla kwesivuno. Akunakwenzeka ukwelapha izihlahla ezithintekile - kufanele zibhujiswe ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuphela kwesilinganiso sokuvimbela ukutholwa kwesitoko sokulima esinempilo, esivivinywe kahle.
Ngomdlavuza wegciwane, ukukhula kwezitshalo kunciphisa, amajikijolo alahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwawo, "amathumba" avela ezimpandeni. Ukuvimbela lesi sifo, kuyadingeka ukuthi udlulise ama-raspberries endaweni entsha kaningi (njalo emva kweminyaka engama-3-4), ukukha izimpande ngesisombululo esingu-1% se-sulfate yethusi ngaphambi kokutshala. Uma izitshalo ezinesifo zitholakala, kufanele zimbiwe, zishiswe, bese inhlabathi iphathwa nge-2% bleach.
Ukuthena okujwayelekile, ukususwa kwamahlamvu agulayo kanye nokwelashwa nge-Tsineb (4 g / l) noma i-colloidal sulfure (10 g / l) kuzosiza ukuvikela ukubola okungwevu (okubonakaliswa njengokunamathela okumpunga okungcolile emaqabungeni).
Izifo ze-raspberry esithombeni
- Ukubola okumpunga yisifo fungal esithinta zonke izingxenye zomhlaba zesitshalo.
- Ngomdlavuza wegciwane ezimpandeni kukhona ama-thickenings afinyelela ku-5 cm ngosayizi
- I-Dwarf bushiness - isifo esiyingozi segciwane esiholela ekufeni kwezihlahla
Kwezinambuzane, ama-raspberries angathintwa ibhungane le-raspberry, i-raspberry weevil, isicabucabu mite. Ungavikela isivuno sakho kubo ngosizo lwama-insecticides. I-Decis (1 g ngebhakede lamanzi) ne-Confidor (2 g ngebhakede lamanzi) asetshenziswa ngokuqhathanisa ibhungane le-raspberry; iKarbofos (3.5 g / l) noma i-Inta-Vira (amaphilisi ayi-2,5 ngebhakede lamanzi) asetshenziswa ngokumelene ne-raspberry weevil. futhi ngokumelene nesikhala sesicabucabu - i-Actellik (1 ml / l) kanye nokufakwa kukagalikhi (0.15-0.2 kg kagalikhi ochotshoziwe izinsuku ezingama-5, sigcizelela 1 litre lamanzi, bese usebenzisa isipuni se-concentrate nge-1 litre yamanzi).
Izilwanyana ezijikijolo kuvidiyo
Ukuvuna Nokuvuna
I-raspberry Phenomenon iqala ukuthela izithelo ngasekupheleni kukaJuni - ekuqaleni kukaJulayi. Isivuno esiningi (ngobuchwepheshe obufanele bezolimo - kufika ku-8 kg kusuka esihlahleni) sivutha ngokuthula, sivunwa ngezigaba ezi-5-6.
Ukuphakama kwe-raspberry fruiting Phenomenon - ividiyo
Amajikijolo ahlwabusayo futhi anomhluzi anenhloso yendawo yonke - alungele ukusetshenziswa okusha, enza ujusi, iwayini, ujamu, ujamu.
Ukubuyekezwa Kwabalimi
Umbono wami uqobo mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zePhenomenon: Le nhlobonhlobo inkulu kunayo yonke endaweni yakithi. Kuyajabulisa ukumba itshe elikhulu kangako, yize lingakhanyi ngokunambitheka okumnandi. Ngeke ngihlukane naye
Limoner, Sumy esifundeni//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3901
Nami nginezinhlobonhlobo lezi. Yebo, zinama-fruits amakhulu futhi muhle, kepha iphunga lingikhumbuza insipho ka-Soviet sitrobheli. Ukuphamba okunye ukusilela (i-spikes) (prickly), futhi emhlabathini wami ovundile ukhula kakhulu, ungaphezu kwe-1m ububanzi.
I-VATRA, iKrivoy Rog//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3901
Nami nginezinhlobonhlobo lezi futhi ngijabule ngazo, ngoba kuhlale kubanda ngokungenakuqhathaniswa, njengoba kwenza uPatricia ahlukahlukene. Njalo entwasahlobo nge berry.
Julichka, esifundeni saseCherkasy//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3901
Okuhlukahlukene kuyisimangaliso! Izinhlobo eziningi ezintsha zizonikezwa ukuqala kwekhanda, okuwukuphela kwento engahambi kahle isihlahla sokuyolala nesitshalo, sidinga ukwesekwa, futhi ukuqoqa kumnandi.
ligol, Makeevka//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3901
Umcimbi wezinhlobonhlobo ze-chic ezi-5+, amajikijolo makhulu, angahanjiswa, anikeza ukukhula okuningi.
MarinaF//frauflora.ru/viewtopic.php?t=5829
Okusajingijolo Umcimbi kungenzeka ungahlukaniswa ukunambitheka kwawo okumangazayo, kepha ngenxa yokwethembeka kwawo, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu nokungabekezeleleki, kufaneleka kunoma iyiphi ingadi. Ukumelana nesithwathwa kwenza le nhlobonhlobo ifanele ukulinyelwa e-Ukraine, eRussia naseBelarus.
