Isitshalo sesivalo esingavamile esingakajwayelekile Aukuba isiJapane sidonsa abalimi bezimbali ezinemibala yamaqabunga okuqala - iqabunga ngalinye liyilobuciko lobuciko lobuciko, eligcwele amaphethini wegolide anokunethezeka.
Kodwa, njengommeli wama-subtropics anamanzi, isitshalo sidinga ukuhlela izimo ezifanele. Funda indlela yokunakekela kahle i-exotica efulethini evamile, nokuthi unganda kanjani.
Incazelo ye-Botanical yesitshalo
I-Awuba yaseJapane, noma, njengoba kubizwa ngokuthi, isihlahla segolide, i-shrub engapheli lapho indawo yayo yemvelo ingumswakama ongaphansi komhlaba. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, imbali ikhula eKorea, i-Himalayas, i-People's Republic of China. Isizwe sasekhaya - eJapane, lapho kufika khona igama elisemthethweni.
U-Aukuba ukhula ngesimo se-shrub encane noma isihlahla. Ngokwemvelo, ubude balo bukwazi ukufinyelela ku-4-5 m, efulethini - okungenani u-2 m. Lesi sitshalo singelabhande elikhulu kakhulu, igxolo layo libushelelezi, liluhlaza okomnyama elimibalabala, nezinhlamvu ezibomvu noma ezibomvu ezingavamile. Amaqabunga avulekile, enesikhumba kuya ekuthinteni, nge-edging notched, abe ifomu lanceolate; zibhekwa ngefolda eyingqayizivele phakathi kwe-vein main. Ubude bamaqabunga buyi-50-80 mm, ububanzi - 20-50 mm.
I-Aukuba isitshalo se-dioecious, ngesikhathi sezimbali siyakha izimbali ezincane ezine-4-8 mm, ezinezinhlamvu ezine zombala obomvu obomvu. On 10-14 izimbali fomu inflorescences of hlobo isambulela. Esikhundleni sezimbali, izithelo zakhiwa - amajikijolo amahle abomvu noma ama-orange, anesisindo esingama-10 mm, okubukeka njenge-dogwood amajikijolo. Ngaphakathi kwesithelo ngasinye kuyinzalo eyodwa. Amajikijolo angavamile - anesifo esinobuthi.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphansi kwezimo eziphathekayo, lesi sitshalo cishe asisoze saluqhakaza, ngoba kudingeka ama-ovaries amabili: uhlobo lwesilisa nolwesifazane.
Izimo zokukhula ekhaya
Njengoba ama-subtropics anomswakama yindawo yokuzalwa yase-aucubus, ukuze kukhule ngempumelelo isitshalo efulethini, kudinga ukudala eduze ngangokunokwenzeka nezimo zemvelo.
Indawo nokukhanyisa
I-Exot ibonakala ngokungahlehlisi ukukhanyisa futhi iyakwazi ukukhula kahle emthunzini nasendaweni enelanga. Noma kunjalo, ukukhanya kokukhanyisa kuyonquma umbala wamaqabunga awo: ngokukhanya okwanele, amaqabunga athola i-hue enhle yegolide futhi akhulise ubukhulu bezindawo ezibonakalayo ebusweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukukhanya kufanele kube okukhanyayo, kepha kwahlukana.
Ukuvezwa kwelanga eliqondile kungabangela ukushisa emaqabunga. Indawo enhle yezitshalo zasendlini yindawo esempumalanga noma entshonalanga yefulethi. Ehlobo, i-aukubu ingasuswa emkhathini, ivikeleke ekukhanyeni kwelanga kanye nemidwebo. Ebusika, kunconywa ukuyifaka endaweni ekhanyisiwe.
Ukushisa kwemoya nomswakama
Imbali exotic ikhetha izinkomba zokushisa ezivamile, okuyinto ehlobo ehlobo 18-21 ° С, nasebusika - + 13-14 ° С, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kuka-6 ° С. Isihlahla segolide siyisitshalo esithinta kabi ukushisa okwedlulele, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ehlobo kufanele libe + 21 ° С, lapho leli zinga lidlulile, isihlahla sizoqala ukuhlunga amaqabunga futhi ngokushesha silahlekelwe umphumela wokuhlobisa.
Kanye nezinkomba zokushisa, kubalulekile ukulawula izinga lokuswakama ekamelweni. Ehlobo, ekushiseni okwedlulele, isitshalo kufanele siphofuzwe njalo ngebhodlela le-spray. Izihlahla ezikhula emkhatsini we-microclimate epholile ebusika akudingi ukutshala.
Kubalulekile! Umswakama ophezulu ngokuhambisana namazinga aphansi okushisa kungaba yindawo enhle yokuthuthukiswa kwezifo zefungal.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Naphezu kwemvelaphi engavamile ye-aucuba, ukunakekelwa akuyona kunzima njengoba kubonakala ekuqaleni.
Imithetho yokunisela
Umthetho oyinhloko wokunisela isitshalo ukugcina inhlabathi endaweni ezinzile, esimweni esinomanzi. Kubalulekile ukulawula ngokucophelela isimo somhlabathi, nokuvimbela umswakama walo owedlulele, okungabangela ukubola kwesistimu.
Imisebenzi yokunisela amasiko yenziwa ngokuvumelana nenkathi: ngesikhathi sasehlobo, amanzi aningi, egxile esimweni sezingqimba zomhlaba, ebusika - ngokulinganisela, ngamanzi amancane. I-Exot ingafakwa ngenxa yezimbali ezingamelana nesomiso, kodwa ngokuntuleka okuvamile komswakama, amaqabunga awo aqala ukuphenduka, alahlekelwe umbala ocebile futhi awele.
Ukuze uthole i-humidification, kutuswa ukusebenzisa amanzi alula, ahlukanisiwe ekamelweni lokushisa. Isiko samanzi ngqo ngaphansi kwempande, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umswakama awuwa emagqabeni kanye neziqu. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-10-15 emva kokumisa amanzi, amanzi amaningi ngokweqile kumele asheswe.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ochwepheshe batusa ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi yokunisela ngemifino yokudla. U-Aukuba udinga kakhulu umanyolo ngesikhathi sesigaba sokukhula okusebenzayo, entwasahlobo nasehlobo.
Uyazi? EYurophu, okweqile kwafika ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XVIII. Kodwa-ke, yaba yi-shrub yowesifazane-engazange ithele izithelo ngesikhathi sokukhula. Kamuva, isitshalo sezitshalo seBrithani, uRobert Fortune, sakwazi ukuqala umuthi wesilisa nesilisa, sikhule isitshalo esisha kubo futhi ukhethe izibonelo ezinhle zokuzalanisa.Izixazululo ezilungiselelwe zamaminerali, ama-organic or complex complexes afaneleka ukugqoka, okuqala kokubili okungeziwe. Uhlelo oluhle lokudla i-exot lubhekwa kanye kanye nezinsuku ezingu-10-14. Ebusika, esigabeni sokuphumula, ukufaka umanyolo akudingekile.
Ukudubula
Njengoba isiko sichazwe njenge-branched kakhulu, sidinga ukusika izihlahla nokuhlelwa kwe-shrub. Kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe izinyathelo zokusika amagatsha masinyane emva kokutshala isitshalo sibe sesinye isitsha, noma ngesikhathi sokusa, uma kwenzeka imbali ingafakwa.
Ezitshalweni ezincane ngesikhathi sokusika izihlahla "uphahla" iziqongo, kanye nawo wonke amahlumela amancane. Kubantu abadala asebekhulile, amagatsha amadala, abomile, ababuthakathaka, abonakalisiwe nalabo abakhulile. Izinqubo ezinjalo zokwenza zivumela ukuthi udale i-shrub enhle, ehle nezokwelapha ezifanele, ngaphandle kwalokho i-exot ikhula ngokushesha ibe usayizi omkhulu futhi ingabi namandla.
Ukufakelwa
I-aucubas ezincane, ezibonakala ngezinga eliphezulu lokukhula, zidinga ukutshalwe njalo ngonyaka, abantu abadala kufanele batshalwe kabusha njengoba uhlelo lwempande lukhula, kanye kanye neminyaka engu-3-4. Ezinye izibonelo ziyakwazi "ukuphila kahle" embizeni eyodwa iminyaka engaba ngu-10.
Kubalulekile! Lesi sitshalo sinesimiso sezinsipho ezincane kakhulu, esingonakaliswa kalula ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, ngakho-ke izinyathelo ezinjalo kufanele zenziwe ngendlela yokushintshwa.
Ukuze uthole ama-exotics, i-substrate elula, evulekile neyenempilo, ekhonjiswe ukukhanya kwe-air okuhle, ikhethiwe.
Izilinganiso ezifanelekayo zomhlaba jikelele noma izingxube ezenziwe nge-primer ezenziwe ngokwazo, ezihlanganisa:
- i-peat, isihlabathi, i-leaf kanye ne-sod, ehlanganiswe ngokulingana kwe-2: 1: 2: 6;
- amaqabunga, umhlaba we-sod, i-humus, i-peat kanye ne-sand river.
Inqubo ye-aukuba yokufakelwa kabusha cishe ayifani neyesilasi:
- Khetha ithangi lokufika. Kufanele kube ngokubanzi ngokwanele futhi evulekile.
- Ngaphansi kwebhodlela kuhlanganiswe ngendwangu yokudonsa ubumba obunwetshiwe, amatshe amancane namatshe amancane.
- Phezu kwesendlalelo se-drainage ulala ungqimba lwe-substrate.
- Lesi sitshalo sitholwa ngokucophelela ngaphandle kwe-tank endala futhi indlela yokudluliselwa ifakwe kwisitsha esisha.
- Isihlahla sifike ngendwangu yomhlabathi, iyanamanzi.
Isidingo sokufakelwa kabusha i-aukuba umuntu omdala sinqunywa ngokuba khona kwezinqubo ezihlukene ezimpande eziqale ukuphuma ebhodweni.
Ukuzala
Ekhaya, ukuxhunyelelwa kubhekwa njengendlela engabizi yokukhiqiza okungajwayelekile. Indlela yamasiko yokulima ayisetshenziswa ngoba kungenakwenzeka ukuthola imbewu.
Cuttings
Kungenzeka ukuthi ulungise izicucu zokukhiqiza i-aucubus kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula kwayo esebenzayo. I-shrub inqunywe isiqu ngamakhasi ama-2-3 agcwele, ukusika kuphathwa ngamachashazi achotshoziwe.
Okulandelayo, inqubo yokubamba inhlanzi isekelwe ezinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Ama-cuttings afakwa emaminithini ambalwa esisombululo samanzi kanye ne-tablet eyodwa ye-carbon activated.
- I-cuttings ezigxilile ezinxenyeni ezimanzi ze-sand-peat.
- Isiqukathi sigcwele ukugoqa ngeplastiki ukudala umphumela wokushisa. Ngaphambi kokuvela kwamahlamvu okuqala, izinga lokushisa ligcinwa ngo-20-22 ° C.
- Ngemuva kokwakheka okugcwele amaqabunga ama-2-3, ama-cuttings afakwa ezimbizeni ezihlukene.
Izitshalo ezitshaliwe zidinga ukuhlinzeka ngezinga eliphezulu, ukunakekelwa okugcwele.
Enye imidwebo yendlu yakho ingaba isitshalo esinqunyiwe sase-Alokaziya esikhulu-izimpande.
Imbewu
Ukuze uzalise aukuba ngembewu, kuzodingeka ukuthi ube nezitshalo ezimbili ezihlukumezayo ezidingekayo ukuze ufeze impova. Ukufeza le nqubo kudinga amakhono athile nolwazi, ngakho-ke lokhu kukhetho endaweni yokuhlala cishe akukaze kusetshenziswe.
Ngokweqiniso, imbewu yokuhlunga ingenziwa uma ulandela le algorithm:
- Ukutshala ukukhetha imbewu enhle kakhulu. Imbewu yembewu ngokushesha ilahlekelwa ukuhluma futhi ngemva kwenyanga ingase ilahlekelwe yizimfanelo zayo;
- imbewu ihlwanyelwa engxenyeni emanzi e-peat-sand;
- izitshalo zilala ngendwangu encane ye-substrate, i-moisten surface nge-spray isibhamu;
- Amandla nezitshalo zimbozwa ngefilimu ye-polyethylene, unikeze izinga lokushisa + 21-22 ° С kanye nomswakama omile omsakazini;
- ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, emva kokuvela kwamahlumela kanye nokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga amathathu kubo, amahlumela abhekana neziqukathi ezihlukene.
Uyazi? Ochwepheshe be-Esoteric bakholelwa ukuthi i-aucuba ingadonsela umnotho nenjabulo ekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusiza umninizi ukuba azizwe enokwethenjelwa, ngakho-ke kuyasiza ukumnika abantu abathobekile nabanamahloni.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Esikhathini sokukhula kwabalimi be-aucubus abakhulayo bangase babhekane nobunzima obuningi obuvela lapho imithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekela i-exotic ingalandelwa. Ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke ezitshalweni izitshalo, ezizibonakalisa njengamabala amnyama kumaflethi amaqabunga. Ukulungiswa okulula kwezinqubo zokugqoka nokugqoka okuphezulu kusiza ukubhekana nayo. Ezimweni eziphambili kakhulu, ukwelashwa kwembali kuzodinga ukususwa kwezindawo ezibolile kanye nokwelashwa kwezinqubo zezimpande nge-fungicidal systemic.
Mayelana nomonakalo wesifo sesitshalo kubonakala ngokubonakala kwawo:
- ukuwa kweqabunga nokuphuza - ukungabi nomswakama nokushisa okungaphezulu kakhulu;
- ukulahlekelwa kwamabala ombala okhanyayo - ukukhanyisa okukhulu, ukukhanya kwelanga eliqondile;
- amaqabunga amancane ayancipha - ukuntuleka kwamavithamini nezakhi zomhlabathi emhlabathini;
- Ukuwa nokuphuka komugqa ophansi wamaqabunga - ukushisa okubukhali ukujula, ukuthunga okungavamile.
Ngezinye izikhathi isitshalo singathinteka:
- Isibungu se-spider. Kuboniswe ngesimo semfundo kusuka phansi kwephasi leshidi lewebhu elimhlophe, elibala.
- Isihlangu Kulula ukuqaphela ngokuba khona kwamacwecwe amancane asundu ezinhlakeni.
- I-Whitefly. Izimpawu ze-"parasitism" ziyi-mucus enamaqabunga namaqabunga amancane amhlophe ngaphezu kwesihlahla.
Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola njalo amaqabunga ngezinambuzane ezikhona. Amalungiselelo anamuhla wokubulala izinambuzane ezenzakalweni eziningi ezisiza ukulwa nama-parasites.
I-Japanese Aukuba yayifaneleka ukuthandwa nokufuna phakathi kwabalimi. Ukuqhathaniswa okuhlobisa kunokubukeka okunethezeka, futhi kubonakala nokubekezelelana okuhle komthunzi nokumelana nesomiso, okuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa indlu yangaphakathi kuphela, kodwa futhi nokutshala imifino yembali, imibhede yemifino yasemadolobheni kanye namapaki.
