I-Iberis isitshalo se-herbaceous esiqhakanjiswa eMedithera. Ungowomndeni waseCrcciferous futhi umelelwa ngamakhambi waminyaka yonke we-thermophilic kanye nezihlahlana ezingakwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa. I-Iberis nayo ingatholakala ngaphansi kwamagama "stennik" ne "heterosexual". Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, amahlumela aluhlaza aminyene ambozwe ngesithwathwa seqhwa sama-inflorescence e-snow. Izitshalo zihlobisa kahle ingadi namathafa, zigcwalisa umoya ngephunga lezinyosi elimnandi. Ngenxa yobuhle bayo nokunakekelwa okulula, i-Iberis idume kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi. Labo abangakayinaki le mbali kufanele nakanjani bayibuke.
Incazelo yeBotanical
I-Iberis isitshalo esingapheli futhi sonyaka esine-rhizome yenduku. Iziqu eziqondile noma ezifakwayo zimbozwe ngamaqabunga futhi zakha ihlumela elimnyama eliluhlaza obumnyama 25-25 cm. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani noma amnyama aluhlaza ahlala esiqwini futhi. Ngobude, zingamasentimitha angama-4-7. Ipuleti leshidi linomumo ocashile noma owenziwe nge-cirrus onqenqemeni oluyindilinga.
NgoJuni-Julayi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi entwasahlobo, eziqongweni zamahlumela ama-inflorescence aminyene aqhakaza aze afike ku-5 cm. Ziqukethe izimbali eziningi ezincane ezinobubanzi obungu-1-1,5 cm. . Umnyombo wembali uphuzi okugqamile futhi uqukethe ama-stamens amafushane kodwa awugqinsi namaqanda. Ukuqhakaza kwe-Iberis kukhulu kangangokuba ngalesi sikhathi izitshalo ziqhathaniswa namafu noma neziqhwa zeqhwa. Iphinde ihambisane nephunga elimnandi elinamandla. Isitshalo isitshalo esihle kakhulu soju. Ngemuva kokuvota, pods ezincane zezipho ezinamaqabunga amabili avuthiwe. Ngaphakathi kunezimbewu ezincane ezinsundu.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa
Uhlobo lwe-Iberis lunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-30. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi bafuye izinhlobo eziningana zokuhlobisa, ezikuvumela ukuthi udale izingoma ezingajwayelekile engadini.
I-Iberis ihlala iluhlaza. Isihlahla sasolwandle sase-perennial sihlala eningizimu yeYurophu nase-Asia Minor. Ukuphakama kwawo kungamasentimitha angama-30 kuya kwengama-40. Amaqabunga e-evergreen anemibala egcwele atholakala kulo lonke ubude besiqu. Usayizi wepuleti elilodwa lamaqabunga e-oval awudluli ku-7 cm. NgoJuni, izambulela eziningi ziyaqhakaza. Ububanzi bembali bungamasentimitha ayi-1.5. Uma usika izimbali eziwohlakele, maphakathi no-Agasti uzoqhakaza kabusha. Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa:
- UJam Jam omncane - isembozo esingaba ngu-12 cm ubude, siqhakaza izimbali ezimhlophe qhwa;
- I-Snowflake - amakhethini amnyama amnyama amnyama angama-20-25 cm ukuphakama aze afike ku-45 cm ubukhulu ngezimbali ezimhlophe.
U-Iberis yisambulela. Kulesi silinganiso seminyaka engamagatsha sikhula ngamasentimitha angama-40 ukuphakama. Zimbozwe ngokhuni olubushelelezi oluhlaza okotshani kanye namaqabunga amancane wonke. NgoJuni, ama-inflorescence amaningi aminyene e-corymbose anezimbali eziqhakaza amhlophe qhwa. Ziqhakaza isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili. Izinhlobo:
- I-Red Rash - isihlahla esinobude obungaba ngu-30 cm simbozwe ngama-inflorescences abomvu e-carmine;
- Iphupho Elipinki - izimbali eziningi ezipinki ezincane eziqhakazayo ziqhakaza ngaphezu kwesihlahla esimnyama esiluhlaza, lesi sitshalo esimelana nokubanda siyamelana neqhwa lesikhashana.
U-Iberis Gibraltarsky. Isitshalo se-biennial undersized ne-dense kancane, izimila ezinama-airy zinamahlumela amahlumela. Zimbozwe ngamaqabunga e-lanceolate angavamile. Ingaphezulu lihlotshiswe ngama-inflorescence apinki noma amhlophe. Izitshalo zilungele indawo enamadwala. Izinhlobonhlobo ezidumile kakhulu ngu "Candy Tuft". Ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza, isihlahla simbozwa ngesigqoko sezimbali ze-lilac, kodwa kancane kancane amacembe ayaqaqamba futhi acishe abe mhlophe.
I-Iberis idwala. Isitshalo esihlala sikhula njalo kuze kube ngu-15 cm ukuphakama kuqala ukuqhakaza kakade ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli. Izimbali zigcinwa izinyanga ezi-1-1,5. Ngalesi sikhathi, isembozo somhlabathi esinezimbobo ezivundayo simbozwe ngesigqoko esiqinile sepinki noma isigqoko esimhlophe sezimbali. Izinhlobo:
- I-Pygmaea isembozo esingafika ku-10 cm ubude ngezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe;
- Weiss Riesen - isihlahla esiyindilinga esingu-30 cm ukuphakama simbozwe ngama-inflorescence amhlophe qhwa;
- IHyacinthin Blutig Riesen - isitshalo esinezimbali ezingama-lilac ezikhanyayo.
Ukukhula nokutshala i-Iberis
Imvamisa, i-Iberis itshalwa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, yize izinhlobo zezitshalo zonyaka zingandiswa. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile noma ngaphambili wezithombo. Izimbali zivame ukuqala ezinyangeni ezingama-2-3 ngemuva kokuvela. Emhlabathini ovulekile, imbewu ihlwanyelwa maphakathi no-Ephreli. Ukwanda izimbali, abalimi bazilolongela ngokuhlwanyela ngezigaba eziningana ngamaviki amasonto ama-3-4. Ngemuva kwalokho, izitshalo zokuqala eziqhakazayo zizothathelwa indawo izilimo zakamuva. Kufanele ukhethe indawo ekhanyiselwe kahle, evulekile enenhlabathi evundile, evulekile. Imbewu isatshalaliswa ngokulingene kumasango angajulile futhi ifafazwe ngokucophelela nomhlaba. Uma kunesidingo, nisela inhlabathi. Lapho kuvela amahlumela, anqunywa ukuze ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo libe ngu-12-15 cm.
Amakhreyithi angajulile nesihlabathi nomhlabathi we-peat alungiselelwe ukutshala izithombo. Imbewu emincane isatshalaliswa ngaphandle futhi icindezelwe nge-plaque. Fafaza ngaphezulu akudingekile. Isitsha simbozwe ngengilazi futhi sibekwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, efudumele (+ 15 ... + 18 ° C). Ngezikhathi ezithile udinga ukuphuma umoya futhi ufafaze izitshalo. Amahlumela avela kungakapheli amasonto ayi-1-4. Kusukela kulo mzuzu, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa. Izitshalo ezikhulile zigxila ezimbizeni ezihlukene.
Izithombo zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile maphakathi no-Meyi, lapho ingozi yezinyosi zasebusuku inyamalala. Eningizimu, ungakwenza ngaphambili. Inhlabathi kufanele ihlanzwe kahle, i-loamy noma i-sandy loam. Inhlabathi ethandiweyo ngokuphendula okungathathi hlangothi noma kwe-alkali. Uma kunesidingo, kufakwa imbobo emhlabathini. Ngesikhathi sokutshala, kubalulekile ukuthi ungalimazi ama-rhizomes abuthakathaka e-Iberis. Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo lincike ezinhlobonhlobo futhi lingama-15-25 cm. Awudingi ukujulisa intamo yezimpande. Ngemuva kwalokho inhlabathi iyanyathelwa futhi iniselwe ngokucophelela.
Amabhishi amakhulu, akhula ngokuqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ahlukaniswe izingxenye eziningi. Ukuze kwenziwe lokhu, lesi sitshalo siyambiwa bese sigawulwa ezansi. Ngokushesha tshala i-Delenki enhlabathini.
Ehlobo, ukusika kwe-apical kungagawulwa futhi kugxilwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sika amahlumela angama-8-10 cm ubude nezimpande enhlabathini emanzi ngaphansi kwehod. Lapho kuvela amahlumela amancane, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa, futhi izitshalo ezinenqwaba enkulu yomhlaba zidluliselwa endaweni yaphakade. Amanga amahlumela enqubweni yokukhula anika izimpande, angahlukaniswa futhi atshalwe endaweni entsha kuyo yonke inkathi efudumele.
Ukunakekelwa Kwangaphandle
I-Iberis isitshalo esingabekezeleliki esikhula kahle ngisho nangabalimi abavilaphayo. Udinga ukukhetha indawo evulekile nenokhanyo. Noma emthunzini oyingxenye, izimbali ziba ziningi. Isitshalo sivame ukubekezelela okusalungiswa nokupholisa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Kufanele iniselwe kancane ukuze amanzi angabutheli ezimpandeni. Esikhathini sezulu esina imvula, kukhona imvula eyanele yemvelo. I-Iberis zalisa kabili noma kathathu ngesizini. Izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali ezinjengeKemer zivame ukusetshenziswa. Ungase futhi ondle izimbali nge isixazululo Mullein.
Ekupheleni kokuqhakaza, izihloko zamahlumela kufanele zinciphiswe. Ngakho-ke oluhlaza oluhlaza oluhle luzothola ukubukeka okwenziwe kahle, okusikhumbuza utshani obujwayelekile. Emaphethelweni ezinqubo izinhlamvu ezintsha zezimbali zingaba nesikhathi sokusho, okusho ukuthi ngo-Agasti, izimbali eziphindaphindwayo kungenzeka.
Ubunzima obungahle bube khona
Emhlabathini osindayo futhi omanzi kakhulu, i-Iberis inezifo zokukhunta. Uma abanye abamele abomndeni wakwaCrcffort bebekhula esizeni ngaphambili, kungenzeka ukuthi ukungcoliswa kwenhlabathi nge-kabel keel kuphezulu. Ihlala emhlabathini iminyaka eminingana futhi iyonakalisa izimpande. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyelulekwa ukwenza ukwelashwa kwenhlabathi nge-fungicide.
Kulezi zinambuzane, i-Iberis ingathinteka yi-mealybugs, fleas zobumba kanye ne-aphid. Lapho kuvela izimbobo nama-punctures kulawo makhasi, kuyaphuthuma ukwenza ukwelashwa ngezinambuzane (Aktara, Fitoverm, Mospilan).
Ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo
I-Iberis ilungile ekuqeshweni kweqembu emadwaleni, emaweni nasezintabeni zakwa-alpine. Ibuye isetshenziswe ukuhlobisa imingcele, futhi ezitsheni - kumakhalkoni. Izimbali ze-Iberis eziqhakazelayo zibukeka kahle ngemuva kwesizinda se-conifers. Engadini yezimbali bangahlanganiswa nezinsimbi, i-gazania, i-phlox, ama-marigolds.
Ama-inflorescences kumaqubu aphezulu, isimilo sezinhlobo eziphakathi nendawo, angahle asikwe ukwenza izindwani. Nge-vase, zizokuma izinsuku ezingama-7-10. Kwamanye amazwe, kudliwa amahlumela amasha. Zinambitheka ngokunambitheka futhi zifana ne-broccoli.
