Emakhaya ahlukahlukene, amahhovisi, amasiko nezokuzijabulisa, amahhotela, izindawo zokudla kanye namathilomu, izihlahla zesundu ziye zaphela isikhathi esingajwayelekile. Kodwa nokho phakathi kwesandla senqwaba kunezimo ezithokozisa ukubukeka kwayo okubambe kakhulu, njenge-areca. Funda kabanzi kwi-Areca palm tree kulesi sihloko.
Incazelo yezitshalo
Lesi sihlahla sesundu (areca palm), sinezinhlobo ezingu-45 eziningana, sikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Asia, e-Australia naseMadagascar. Ekulimeni okufakelwayo, kaningi kuneziqu eziningana ezincane ezizungeze izibazi ezinemibala, ezihlala zingamaqabunga afanayo. Ubuningi obunzima bumelelwa amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ahlaza okweluhlaza okwenziwe i-lanceolate nocingo engxenyeni engenhla. 
Ngaphakathi, ukuphakama kwemifino kufinyelela kumamitha amane. Kuqhakaza ekhaya kakhulu kakhulu. Emvelweni noma ezindaweni zokugcina zokugcina zokugcina izithombo ze-areca, ifomu elincane le-inflorescences ngesimo sezindlebe, eliqukethe izimbali ezimhlophe. Amajikijolo omuthi wesundu anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanti imbewu inombala omhlophe obomvana.
Uyazi? Kanye nawo wonke amaqabunga amaqabunga amaqanda kanye nezinsuku, kukhona isinkwa sesundu, ikhukhamba, isobho, iwayini, uju, uswidi ushukela, ama-oilseeds, ubisi ngisho namaqebelengwane esundu.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko
Esigcekeni se-areca kutshalwa ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ezintathu ezivezwe:
- i-areca yellowing, ekhula emvelweni eMalaysia futhi emele isitshalo esiphakeme samamitha ayi-10 ngamapulethi amaqabunga kuze kube yi-1.5 m ubude;
- I-Areca catechu, noma i-betel palm tree, ekhula emvelweni e-East India, ekhula ngokuphakama kuze kube ngu-20 m futhi ibe namaqabunga ngesimo sezingxenye ezimbili kuya ku-2 ubude;
- i-areca trekhtychinkovoy, ekhula eNdiya, enezinhlamvu eziningana ukuphakama okungamamitha amathathu, ububanzi obungaphezu kuka-5 cm kanye namaqabunga ama-1.5 m ubude, izingxenye zazo zibukeka zihlaselwa.
Izici zokufika
Lapho kukhona izinto zokutshala eziphezulu, isakhiwo esenziwe ngendlela efanele kanye nomthamo okhethiwe kahle, ukutshala umuthi wesundu akubanga nezezinkinga ezithile.
Ukulungiswa komhlaba
Isiko se-Arekovo sithanda i-asidi engahambisani nendawo noma inhlabathi e-acidic, lapho i-pH isukela ku-6 ukuya ku-7.8. Okubalulekile ukuguqulwa kwenhlabathi, ukuqinisekisa ukukhishwa okuqinisekisiwe koketshezi oluthe xaxa. Inketho engcono kakhulu ukuthenga i-Substrate eyenziwe ngobuchwepheshe ezindaweni ezikhethekile. Kodwa kulokhu, ochwepheshe batusa ukukhula okunethezeka kwezihlahla zesundu ukuze kucebise nge-pine bark kanye ne-peat. 
Ungenza isisekelo sekhwalithi ephezulu ngokwakho, okudingeka uhlanganise kuzo izingxenye:
- umhlaba we-sod - 4;
- umhlaba weqabunga - 2;
- Ingxenyana yamanzi emfuleni i-river - 1;
- i-humus - 1.
Kule nhlanganisela kufanele futhi yengezwe ngobuncane:
- i-pine bark;
- amalahle;
- ithambo lesidlo.
Ukulungiselela kokutshala izinto
Imbewu ye-Areca isetshenziselwa ukutshala imbewu yesundu noma izithombo ezitholakala ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Okunye okuzokwenziwa ekulungiseni izinto zokutshala kuzoxoxwa ngezansi uma kuziwa ekuzalweni kwemithi yesundu.
Funda futhi iziqondiso ezijwayelekile zokunakekelwa kahle kwesandla somuntu.
Ubuchwepheshe bokufika
Ngokutshala okuphezulu, ngaphezu kwe-substrate eyenzelwe kahle, kudingeke futhi amanzi amaningi. I-areca izozizwa ikhululekile emhlabathini, i-liquide lapho, ngenkathi iselisiwe, iyenziwe ngekhwalithi, ngeke ihlale isikhathi eside futhi izohlanganiswa ngemizuzwana embalwa. Kuze kube sekugcineni, uhlaka lwamanzi lubekiwe phansi kwethangi elenzelwe ukutshala okungenani u-3 cm high. 
Okuhle kunakho konke kutholakala ezintweni ezinikezwe ifomu:
- amatshe amancane;
- i-perlite;
- i-pumice ngamatshe;
- isihlabathi esikhulu somfula;
- i-peat enamafutha;
- i-granite echotshoziwe;
- izinkuni zezinkuni.
I-tank, lapho phansi ungqimba lwe-drainage, kufanele ube nemigodi yamanzi futhi ibe nokujulile-kuze kube yikota yesilinganiso semitha, ngoba i-areca inezimpande eziqinile. Isithombo sitshalwe ebhodweni ukuze intamo impande ingagcwaliswa ne-substrate.
Uyazi? Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3.5 zezihlahla zezundu zezodwa emhlabeni.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Ukunakekela i-areca palm tree akuyona umsebenzi oweqile, kodwa ukunakekelwa okunye okudingekayo kukwaziwa.
Ukukhanyisa
Njengoba bejwayele i-penumbra yamahlathi ashisayo ezweni lakubo, i-areca nezimo ezikhulile ekhaya zikhula kahle ezimweni zokukhanya okuncane. Lokho kukhanya, okuvela emafasiteleni nasezikhanyeni egumbini elithile, kwanele ukuba kube khona ukuphila okunethezeka kwesundu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akalamukeli ilanga eliqondile, eliyiminyaka emihlanu yokuphila kwakhe elingamthinta kabi. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo, kunconywa ukuyivula njalo ngemva kwamasonto angu-180 kuya ku-180 ° ngokuphathelene nomthombo omkhulu wokukhanya ekamelweni.
Ukushisa
Ukushisa okunethezeka kakhulu kwesigqila ekamelweni lapho i-areca ikhula khona ihambisana nezimo zokushisa ezweni lakubo ezindaweni ezishisayo futhi lilele phakathi kuka-27 ° C no-35 ° C. Ekhaya, ukugcina njalo izinga lokushisa kunenkinga, ngakho-ke kuhlala kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isitshalo asiwi ngaphansi kokuhamba kwezinga lokushisa okungezansi + 18 ° C ngesikhathi sokuphuza umoya. Ebusika, umuthi wesundu kufanele ugcinwe kude neminyango yokungena kanye ne-balcony, kanye namafasitela. 
Ukulawula umswakama womoya
Njengoba bejwayele ukukhula ekhaya emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo, i-areca futhi ngaphakathi endlini kudinga umswakama ophezulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele usebenzise ukusebenzisa ama-humidifiers, kanye nokuhlunga isisindo ngamanzi afudumele. Njengoba kungenamkhawulo womoya umswakama, umuthi wesundu ulahlekelwa izimfanelo zawo zokuhlobisa, amaqabunga amaqabunga ayancishiswa ngobukhulu, futhi umkhawulo wamaqabunga uqala ukoma.
Ukunisela
Ukuze unqume ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokondla isitshalo, kufanele uhlole isimo soqweqwe oluphezulu lwe-substrate. Uma isomile kuze kube yi-3 cm ejulile, ukuchelela okusheshayo kuyadingeka.
Kubalulekile! Umuthi we-Areca unomthelela kakhulu ekuniniseni kakhulu njengokungaphezu kokugqoka i-clod yobumba.
Ngisho nohlaka oluhle lwamanzi embizeni, izimpande zesitshalo zingabola, uma amanzi anqwabelene epanini asusiwe ngesikhathi. Kudingeka ukuphuza umuthi wesundu nje ngamanzi afudumele, izinga lokushisa elingelona liphansi kunekamelo lokushisa. Okuhle kakhulu kwamanzi asemanzini okunisela. Amanzi okupompi angasetshenziswa kuphela emva kokungena ngaphansi kwe-sludge yansuku zonke.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuze ukondle ama-areca ngamanyolo, kubalulekile kulo lonke unyaka, entwasahlobo nasehlobo eveza ubukhulu bokugqoka phezulu kuze kube izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga, futhi ekwindla nasebusika kunciphisa ukuba njalo ngenyanga. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izitshalo ezikhethekile zemithi yesundu noma izitshalo ezinomthofu zasendlini. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi isilinganiso se-sodium, i-phosphorus ne-potassium ku-9: 6: 3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenkathi ekhulayo, ukugqoka ama-foliar nama-macro- kanye nama-microelements, okwenziwa njalo ngenyanga, kuyadingeka.
Iqiniso lokuthi ukuphelelwa komsoco okuhlangenwe nakho kwezitshalo kubonakaliswa ngokubonakala kwayo:
- Ukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen kuholela ekuvimbeleni ukukhula kwesundu kanye nokugqotshwa kombala ohlaza ohlaza.
- Ukuntuleka kwe-potassium kubangela ukubonakala kwamabala aphuzi ne-orange emagqatsheni amaqabunga, kanye ne-necrosis emaphethelweni amaqabunga.
- Ukuntuleka kwe-magnesium kuholela ekwakheni umhlubu ophuzi ophuzi emaphethelweni weqabunga.
- Ukuntuleka kwama-manganese kubonakala ku-chlorosis yamakhasi amahlamvu.
- Lapho ukubonakala kwe-zinc ukungasebenzi kwe-necrotic kwenzeka emahlamvu.
Ukudubula
Okushiwo ukusika izihlahla zesundu kunokuqeda amahlumela engeziwe okuvimbela ukukhula kwehlumela elikhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqabunga afile, aphukile futhi awela ngaphansi kwenhlabathi. Kodwa-ke, akudingekile ukuqeda amaqabunga aqala ukuthola ama-hues aphuzi noma amabala, ngoba isitshalo siyaqhubeka nokusebenzisa izakhi eziqukethwe kuwo.
Futhi, uma ukusika, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ukuba ungalimazi noma ukulimaze isitshalo sesitshalo. Kukhona futhi umthetho wokuthi akudingekile ukususa amaqabunga amaningi ngesikhathi sokusika izihlahla kunokuba zivele esitshalweni phakathi nonyaka.
Ukufakelwa
Lokhu kusebenza kuhambisana ne-areca kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhula kwayo, lapho uhlelo lwempande lugxila embizeni. Indlela elula kakhulu yokutshala isindlela yokuguqula. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlabathi iyaswakanyiswa futhi isuswe ngendlela ye-coma engaphazamiseki, evumela ukuthi izimpande ezithintekile zesigqila zidlulise umsebenzi njengento engenabuhlungu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kuhle kakhulu kwenziwa ngo-Ephreli. 
Amandla okusebenza akufanele athathwe ngobubanzi obukhulu kakhulu kuneyaphambilini. Ibhodlela elisha kumele lilingene ububanzi obungama-5 cm ububanzi kunangaphambili. Uhlaka lokudonsa lubekwe phansi, futhi igumbi lobumba lifakwe ebhodweni ekujuleni okunjalo ukuthi uma ungeze i-substrate ngeke neze ulale entanyeni yentambo. Izitshalo ezindala eziyeke ukukhula azidingi ukuguqulwa futhi zihlupheke kakhulu. Kungcono ukususa ungqimba oluphezulu lensimbi ezitsheni nabo minyaka yonke bese ulushintsha nge-substrate entsha.
Ukuzala
Indlela ekhethiwe yokuzalanisa i-areca iyinzalo. Lesi sundu sesasakazwa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla.
Ukukhula kusuka enzalweni
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu enhlabathini abayidingayo imizuzu eyi-10. fakela isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-sulfuric acid. Khona-ke imbewu iyajuliswa ngokujula kwe-3 cm ku-substrate, okwakhiwa kwayo okuchazwe ngenhla, futhi kunisela. Ngemva kwalokho, iziqukathi ezinezithombo zimbozwe ngeglasi noma ifilimu ebonakalayo futhi zifakwe ngaphakathi endlini ngezinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-27 ° C no-30 ° C.
Kulo lokushisa, imbewu ihluma ngokwesilinganiso emva kwamasonto ayisithupha. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, inqubo yokudubula ingadluliselwa izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi ezine. Amahlumela e-Palm kudingeka ahlinzeke ngokushisa okufanayo, umthunzi omncane kanye nomanyolo onomanyolo obunzima njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu, okhiqizwa ngokuphuza ngesilinganiso se-4 g ngalinye ngamanzi ayi-1 litre. 
Uhlukanisa isihlahla
Le ndlela yokukhiqiza iyenzeka ngenxa yokuthi abalimi bembali bahlanyela izitshalo ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 esitsheni esisodwa ukuze banikeze isitshalo sezulu. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa lezi zitshalo bese ubatshala ngezimbiza ezihlukene. Lokhu kuhle kakhulu ngo-Ephreli. Kule njongo, izinto zokugeleza kanye ne-substrate, ezichazwe ngaphambilini, zisetshenzisiwe, kanye namakhono ahambisana nokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwempande zezithombo ezithile.
Lapho kusetshenziselwa ukutshala izihlahla kukhishwa ebhodweni, inhlabathi isuswa emithonjeni, izimpande ngokwazo zihlukanisiwe ngokucophelela, futhi isitshalo ngasinye sihlwanyelwe ebhodweni ngendwangu yamanzi kanye ne-substrate elungiselelwe, emva kwalokho isitshalo siphuziswa. Ukuqothula kwezithombo kungcono ukushisa ngo-20 ° C kuya ku-25 ° C, ukukhanya okuncane noma kumthunzi okhethekile nomswakama ophezulu. Amapulazi athola izimpande ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo esikhathini esivela kumasonto angu-1 ukuya kwangu-2. Ngemuva kwalokho, izithombo zidinga ukondliwa ngama-fertilizer eziyinkimbinkimbi, okwenziwe umthamo wesiqingatha, okuhloswe kuzo izintende zezandla.
Sikukwazisa ukuba ufunde ngezifo kanye nezinambuzane zezihlahla zesundu.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo
Izinkinga eziyinhloko ezitholakalayo ekukhuleni kwe-areca palm trees ekhaya zihlotshaniswa nokunakekelwa okungafanele futhi zenziwa:
- ukomisa mass mass;
- ukubola kwesistimu;
- ukuvimbela ukukhula kwezitshalo.
Izizathu zalokhu yizi:
- ukushisa okuphansi ekamelweni, umoya ophansi omswakama noma ukungabi nomswakama emhlabathini, okuholela eqinisweni lokuthi amaqabunga amaningi asomile;
- ukunqwabelana kwamanzi ngenxa yokuchelela ngokweqile nokulahla okungenakwenzeka kwamanzi angaphezu kwamanzi epanini, okuholela ekuboleni izimpande;
- shading ngokweqile yesitshalo, okuholela ekuvimbeleni ukukhula.
Futhi, umthunzi wesundu wesandla ohlangene nokuhlanzwa okuvamile kwamahlamvu kungabangela izifo ze-fungal, kubonakale ngendlela yamabala obomvu-omnyama namnyama emaqabunga, okungaba yi-necrosis yamagqabi. Ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukukhulisa ukukhanya nokunciphisa amandla okupunga amahlamvu. Ukulwa ngqo ne-fungal isenziwa ngosizo lwe-fungicides. 
Kulezi zinambuzane i-areca palm tree isithinteka kakhulu:
- isihlangu esiphezuluokuyinto ihlala phezu kwezihlahla, ezitshalweni ezinamagatsha kanye namahlumela amancane futhi aphikisana nokusula izindawo ezithintekile ngotshwala, kanye nokwelashwa nezinambuzane ezifana ne "Aktarry", "Corinthor" noma "Calypso"
- i-mealybug, ukufihla ezonweni ezinamagatsha kanye nokubeka amaqanda kumaqabunga amancane, ukulwa lapho basebenzisa khona indlela efanayo nokulwa nokuvikela;
- isicabucabuukufihla ohlangothini olungezansi lwamagatsha, asetshenziselwa ukulwa nama-acaricides ngendlela ebizwa nge "Sunmite" noma "Envidora".
Kubalulekile! Embewu ye-areca palm tree kunezinto eziningi ezinobuthi ezingaba yingozi kubantu nasezilwaneni ezifuywayo.Izimfanelo eziphakeme zokuhlobisa kanye nokungabikho kwezidingo ezidlulele zokuzinakekela kusengaphambili kunesidingo esikhulu se-areca palm trees ezindaweni zokuhlala kanye nezinye izindawo zokuhlala kwabantu.
