Ukulungiswa kwezinhlobo zama-sitrobheli ezingadi ezinkulu ezinezithelo kudonsela ukunakekela okukhethekile kwabalimi ngokunikeza izithelo okuningi kusuka ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile. I-Ostara ingenye yezinhlobo zakudala ezinhle kakhulu zalolu hlobo, esaziwa kakhulu ngenxa yokungathobeki nobungqabavu bayo. Lesi sitrobheli nakanjani sijabulisa ngisho nabaqalayo abangenalwazi kakhulu ngesivuno esimnandi.
I-Ostara - izinhlobonhlobo zokulungisa zama-sitrobheli wasengadini enezithelo ezinkulu
Izinhlobonhlobo zokulungisa ama-sitrobheli asengadini u-Ostara adalwe abafuyi abangamaDashi ngeminyaka yama-70s yekhulu lokugcina, kodwa namanje zisakhula kabanzi eYurophu nasemazweni ase-USSR yangaphambili. E-Russia, lokhu okuhlukahlukene akukhona okwamanje okwahlukaniswa, yize kuvame ukutholakala ezinkulisa zokuhweba nakubalimi be-amateur. I-Ostara ingeyeqembu lezinhlobonhlobo zama-sitrobheli wetihlahla ezinkulu ezinezithelo zasemini zemini ezingathathi hlangothi, ezikhiqiza isivuno kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwamaqhwa ekwindla.
Isisitrobheli esisengadini ka-Ostara - isitayela esidala nesingathembekile samaDashi
Abalimi baseRussia ngokwesiko babiza nge-sitrobheli sitrobheli esikhulu esinezithelo, yize lezi izitshalo ezihluke ngokuphelele.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwama-sitrobheli kanye nama-sitrobheli (itafula)
| Isihloko | Ingadi enkulu sitrobheli | Strawberry Alpine | Sitrobheli sasendle | Ama-Strawberry |
| Kukhula kuphi | Umphumela we-hybridization yokufakelwa yezinhlobo ezimbili zaseNingizimu Melika, utholakala kusiko kuphela | Ingadi ehlukahlukene yama-sitrobheli asendle | Ama-glaze amahlathi kanye nemiphetho yehlathi yendawo eshisayo ye-Eurasia | Izimbila ezomile, imithambeka ye-steppe yendawo eshisayo ye-Eurasia |
| Usayizi we-Berry | Okukhulu | Encane | ||
| Izihlukaniso | Isukuma, kulula ukuyihlukanisa berry kusuka ku-calyx | Kucindezelwe eduze, kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa ne-berry | ||
| Nambitha nephunga lamajikijolo | Cishe akunangqondo | Iphunga elizwakalayo lama-sitrobheli asendle | Ukunambitheka kakhulu kwe-nutmeg nephunga | |
Ungawamukela kanjani ama-sitrobheli kanye nama-sitrobheli (igalari yezithombe)
- I-Ostara - izinhlobonhlobo zokulungisa zesitrobheli esinezithelo ezinkulu
- Ama-strawberry asendle asendle anamajikijolo amancane anamakha
- Ama-sitrobheli we-alpine asabekayo - izinhlobonhlobo zasengadini yamahlathi asendle asendle
- Ama-sitrobheli wangempela angamajikijolo angafishi anamathuna akhule ngokuqinile nephunga elithile le-muscat
I-Strawberry Ostara blooms icishe iqhubeke njalo futhi ihlangana kakhulu ukusuka ekugcineni kwentwasahlobo kuze kufike ekwindla kwesimo sezulu esibandayo. Ama-Peduncles aqina kakhulu, afinyelela amasentimitha angama-35 ubude, ekuqaleni aphakanyiswa ngaphezulu kwamaqabunga, kancane kancane ancipha emhlabathini ngaphansi kwesisindo samajikijolo akhula.
Ama-sitrobheli asendle e-Ostar aqhakaza kakhulu kusuka entwasahlobo kuye ekuweni
Isitshalo sihlobisa kakhulu kuyo yonke inkathi futhi singatshalwa emabhodweni noma ezitsheni njengomhlobiso wendawo. Amaqabunga aphakathi nendawo, luhlaza okotshani. Kwakhiwa amadevu amaningi, ama-rosette okuqala kuwo aqhakaza ngesizini efanayo.
Ama-sitrobheli asendle ka-Ostar angatshalwa ezimbizeni njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa
Izithelo zande kakhulu ukusuka ngasekupheleni kukaJuni - ekuqaleni kukaJulayi (kuya ngesimo sezulu nesifunda) kuya kwisithwathwa se-Okthoba. Ku-abamba ukushisa, ukwenziwa konyaka wonke kungenzeka. Ubukhulu amajikijolo buxhomeke kakhulu eminyakeni yobudala bezitshalo (kuma-rosette amancane amajikijolo makhulu kakhulu kunalawo amadala) nokunakekelwa kokutshala ama-sitrobheli.
Amajikijolo abomvu, acwebezela, abukeka kahle ngesimo se-conical, ukunambitheka okuhle, okumnandi ngokuswakama okuncane. Benza ijamu lekhwalithi enhle kakhulu, izithelo ezingabanjwanga nezilungiselelo ezenziwe ekhaya.
Ukusuka kumajikijolo wasendle sitrobheli i-Ostara sithola amalungiselelo amnandi kakhulu eyenziwe ekhaya
Ukutshala i-Strawberry
Ama-Strawberry alungele kahle inhlabathi evundile enesihlabathi noma inhlabathi elula enamanzi evundiswa ngokuphelele nge-humus (amabhakede ama-2-3 ngemitha yesikwele). I-acidity yenhlabathi i-acidic kancane ukungathathi hlangothi. Inhlabathi kufanele ivulwe, ivunyelwe kahle emoyeni nasemanzini.
Izindawo ezingalungelanga ngemuva kwama-sitrobheli asendle agqitshiwe noma asuswe, kuhlale kunokunikezwa okuningi kokutheleleka emhlabathini.
Sitrobheli esizayo kufanele sibiwe kusengaphambili ku-bayonet yefosholo bese sisusa wonke ama-rhizomes okhula kuyo.
Uhlelo lokutshala olujwayelekile ngamasentimitha angama-50 phakathi kwamarowu, amasentimitha angama-30 phakathi kwezitshalo zilandelana.
Ukuze kunakekelwe kalula, ukulawula ukhula, ukonga umswakama kanye nokuvinjwa kokubola okungwevu, ama-sitrobheli avame ukukhula kwifilimu ekhethekile emnyama yokulinganisa.
Ukuhlanganiswa nefilimu emnyama ekhethekile kwenza kube lula ukunakekela ama-sitrobheli
Inqubo yokufika nefilimu ye-mulching:
- Indawo elungiselelwe (yokwembiwa futhi yagcotshwa) imbozwe ngokuphelele ngefilimu emnyama, yaqinisa imiphetho yayo ngamabhodi noma yafafazwa ngomhlaba.
- Maka imigqa ye-sitrobheli yesikhathi esizayo, usike kancane ifilimu ngokunqamula endaweni ngayinye yokutshala isitshalo ngasinye.
Ukutshala izithombo kwifilimu ye-mulching, yenza ukuhlangana ngokuhamba ngaphansi kwesitshalo ngasinye
- Tshala ngokucophelela izithombo ze-sitrobheli kulezi zingxenye:
- yenza umgodi omncane emhlabathini;
- beka kuyo umtshalo wokubhrasha, usakaze izimpande zawo;
- ugcwalise ngomhlaba bese uwucindezela ngobumnene ngesandla sakho ukuze kungabikho zimpawu eziseduze nezimpande;
- uthele isithombo ngasinye ngesilinganiso esincane samanzi.
Ukutshala okufanelekile kwama-sitrobheli asendle (ividiyo)
Lapho utshala ama-sitrobheli, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulondolozela ukujula okulungile kokutshala: iphuzu lokukhula (isisekelo sesihlahla, okuthiwa "inhliziyo") kufanele sibekwe ngqo phezu kwenhlabathi yomhlabathi.
Lapho utshala ama-sitrobheli, iphuzu lokukhula kufanele libekwe ngokuqinile ezingeni lomhlaba
Iphakeme ikhwalithi yokuqala yezithombo, kuba lula ukuthi izimpande, ngokushesha kuqhakaze futhi kunikeze amajikijolo. Isivuno sokuqala kungenzeka ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kakade ngonyaka wokuqala wokutshala.
Izimpawu zezithombo ezisezingeni eliphakeme:
- Isitshalo ngasinye okungenani sinamaqabunga ama-3 anempilo, akhule kahle.
- Izithombo ezivulekile zinempilo, hhayi eyomile, izimpande ezihlotshiswe kahle ezingamasentimitha ayi-8 okungenani.
Izithombo ezinhle zama-sitrobheli zinamaqabunga ama-3 okungenani nezimpande ezigqinsiwe zamahlamvu
- Ezitsheni ezivela ezimbizeni, inhlama yobumba ihlanganiswe kahle inethiwekhi yezimpande ezimhlophe ezikhula ngentshiseko.
Ezitshalweni ezivela ezinkomweni, inhlama yobumba kufanele iqoshwe ngezimpande
Isikhathi esifanele sokutshala sitrobheli (itafula)
| Isikhathi sokufika | Ntwasahlobo | Ukuwa |
| Izindawo eziseNingizimu | Ephreli | Septhemba |
| Izindawo eziphakathi nezasenyakatho | Meyi | Agasti |
Ezindaweni ezinomswakama nenhlabathi enobumba obukhulu, kungcono ukutshala ama-sitrobheli asendle emibhedeni ephakanyisiwe enobude obungamasentimitha ayi-15 ukuya ku-20. Zigcwele ingxube evundile yenhlabathi evundile enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwento yezinto eziphilayo. Kobusika, imibhede enjalo kanye nokudlula phakathi kwayo kuphonswa ungqimba olukhulu lweqhwa elisanda kukhishwa lithathwe ezindleleni ezingapheli noma kwezinye izindawo ezingenazo izimila.
Kumhlabathi omanzi nowesindayo, ama-sitrobheli atshalwe kahle emibhedeni ephakanyisiwe
Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, ama-fontrontant remontant abukeka emangalisa kakhulu kumaphiramidi ahlukahlukene kanye nama-tonots. Zonga isikhala engadini, kepha zidinga ukuthambisa okungapheli, ikakhulukazi lapho kushisa. Ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima kakhudlwana, izakhiwo ezinjalo zenziwa zashabalala. Ebusika, amabhokisi asuswa bese efakwa emhlabathini wokudambisa ubusika ngaphansi kweqhwa.
ENingizimu, ama-sitrobheli akhula kahle kuma-tonots kanye nemibhoshongo.
Ngaphandle kweqhwa, ama-fontrontant remontant angakwazi ukumelana nokupholisa kwesikhashana esifushane kuya ku-10 ° C. Ngaphansi kwengubo yeqhwa, u-Ostara ubekezelela kalula ama-frig angamashumi amathathu. Ukubamba iqhwa lapho kuvunguza khona umoya, ungasakaza iphinikini yepayini kanye nama-sitrobheli. Lokhu kwenziwa ekwindla sekwephuzile ngemuva kwamazinga okushisa aqandayo okushisa. Ukukhosela kusenesikhathi kakhulu futhi kuminyene kusongela izitshalo ngokufa ngenxa yokuguga. Entwasahlobo, amagatsha esihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi asuswa masinyane ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa.
Uma ebusika ama-sitrobheli embozwe ngamagatsha e-spruce, entwasahlobo kufanele akhishwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthi iqhwa selincibilikile, ukuze izitshalo zingakhuli
Ukusakazeka kwe-Strawberry
Isithabathisi engadini esisuswayo Engadini i-Ostara igcina izimfanelo ezibalulekile zokuhlukahluka kuphela ngesikhathi sokusakazwa kokutshala - amahlumela anezintambo aqhamukayo (amadevu) kanye nezihlahla ezihlukanisayo.
Indlela elula yokusakaza ama-sitrobheli ngamahlumela anezimpande - amadevu
Indlela elula yokusakaza amadevu ama-sitrobheli. Lapho zikhule embhedeni wobumba ovamile ngaphandle kwe-mulch, zivame ukuzisiphula, ngaphandle kosizo lwensimu. Izithombo zezinga eliphakeme kakhulu zitholakala kusuka kumakhwela okuqala ezitshalweni ezincane zonyaka wokuqala we-fruiting. Ungakhula izithombo ezinhle ngesigaxa sodaka uma amadevu ngalinye elinamahlamvu angamakhasi ligoqiwe endebeni eyodwa ye-holey enengxube ekhanyayo yomhlabathi ehlanganiswe emhlabathini (vele, ngohlelo olunjalo bayodinga ukuthambisa njalo).
Amadevu ama-Strawberry angagxila ezimbizeni noma ezinkomishini.
Kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezi-2 ukukhulisa ngokugcwele. Emva kwalokhu, amadevu angabanjiswa, bese isitshalo esisha sitshiselwe endaweni entsha.
Ukwahlukaniswa kwezihlahla kungasetshenziswa ukuvuselela ukutshala okudala, uma ngasizathu singekho amadevu amasha amahle anele. Isihlahla ngasinye esimbiwe sihlukaniswe ngobumnene izingxenye eziningi, ngasinye sazo kufanele sibe nephuzu lokukhula (inhliziyo), amaqabunga amasha angama-3-4 nezimpande ezinamandla ezinamagatsha. Isisekelo esidala sesihlahla sikhishelwa ngaphandle, bese abahlukanisi batshalwe embhedeni omusha.
Ukunakekelwa Strawberry
Izimpande zama-sitrobheli wasengadini azizikhulu. Usaba ngokulinganayo ngesomiso nokugcwala kwamanzi. Okuyingozi kakhulu ukungagxili kwamanzi emhlabathini, kubangele ukubola kwezimpande, kanye nokufinyelwa kwamanzi kumajikijolo, okucasulayo ukuthuthukiswa kokubola okungwevu.
Kuyinto elula ukuhlomisa ama-sitrobheli emasimini ngokudonsa ngenkasa
Emasimini we-sitrobheli, kuvame ukufakwa ohlelweni lokunisela ngenkasa. Inketho yayo elula ingenziwa ngokwayo kusuka ku-hose evuzayo, kanti kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umfutho wamanzi ohlelweni awumkhulu kakhulu.
Uma umfutho wamanzi unamandla kakhulu, imifudlana yawo iwela amajikijolo, okwenza lesi sifo sibole
Okufaneleke kakhulu ngama-sitrobheli asendle yimicu eyinkimbinkimbi yezimbiwa ("Giant", "Bio-Vita", "Okuhle" njalonjalo). Imithamo eyiyo nesikhathi nesikhathi kukhonjiswa kumaphakeji awo. Ubuncane obudingekayo ukugqokwa okuphezulu kwe-1 entwasahlobo minyaka yonke. Ngokwengeziwe ungakwazi ukondla izikhathi ezingama-1-2 ngenyanga kulo lonke ihlobo, lokhu kuzokhulisa usayizi wamajikijolo, kepha nge-overdose, ikhwalithi yawo izohlupheka.
Awukwazi ukwenza umquba omusha ngaphansi kwama-sitrobheli.
Izindlela ezikhethekile zokwandisa isivuno
Ngokwemvelo yayo, ama-strawberry engadi yase-Ostara akha inani elikhulu lamajikijolo amancane. Ezitshalweni ezincane, amajikijolo amakhudlwana kunakudala. Ubukhulu bamajikijolo bungakhuphuka kakhulu uma usika ingxenye yethanga lesitshalo futhi unqume njalo wonke amadevu owakhiwe.
Ama-Strawberry amajikijolo ayoba makhulu uma ususa wonke amadevu nengxenye yama-peduncle esitshalweni
Ngenxa yama-peduncle amade, amajikijolo ahlala elele emhlabathini futhi angcole. Emasimini amakhulu, le nkinga ixazululwa kusetshenziswa ifilimu eyi-mulching. Embhedeni omncane we-amateur onamabhasi ayi-sitrobheli ayi-12, kungenzeka ukuthi ubeke iziqu zethu ngaphansi kwesitshalo ngasinye, zigobekile kusuka ocingweni oluwugqinsi olunokufakwa okuvikelayo.
Ukuxhaswa kwama-sitrobheli kuzobavikela ekungcoleni komhlaba
Izimbali zeStrawberry azibekezeleli noma iqhwa elincane. Ama-petals angahle abukeke ephila, kepha uma inhliziyo imbali ijika imnyama kusuka kwisithwathwa, amajikijolo ngeke esasebenza.
Izimbali ezifakiwe ezinenhliziyo ezimnyama azakhi amajikijolo
Isithelo se-sitrobheli se-remontant singakhula kakhulu uma izitshalo zimbozwe ngefilimu noma nge-agrofiber ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo nasekwindla. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, phakathi nosuku, kuvulwa izikhungo zokukhosela ukuze zingcoliswe izinyosi.
Emini, kuvulwa isembozo sefilimu sokungcoliswa kwezimbali izinyosi
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Isisitrobheli esisengadini sika-Ostara sibonisa ukumelana okwandayo kwamaqabunga amaqabunga, kepha sihlupheka kakhulu ngokubola kwezimpande lapho inhlabathi ligxotshwa amanzi. Amajikijolo athinteka ngokubola okungwempunga kuze kube sezingeni eliphakathi. Izinambuzane eziphambili yiminenke kanye nama-slugs.
Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali okucishe kube ngokuqhubekayo kanye nezithelo zomifino eziwumbala enza kube nzima ukusebenzisa noma yiziphi izibulala-zinambuzane emasimini awo.
Izindlela zokulawula izinambuzane nezifo (ithebula)
| Isihloko | Kubukeka kanjani | Ungalwa kanjani |
| Iminenke kanye nama-slugs | Ama-Slugs (iminenke enqunu) adla amajikijolo kuzo zonke izindawo zokutshala. Eningizimu, bahlanganiswa yizibambo zomvini ezinamandla. Amaqanda wezinambuzane agaya phezu kwenhlabathi enhlanganiseni yama granule we translucent | Ukuqoqwa kwesandla nokucekelwa phansi kwama-slugs, iminenke nokubekwa kwamaqanda |
| Ukubola kwezimpande | Izitshalo ezithintwe izimpande zibola futhi zomile | Ukugaya futhi kushise lesi sitshalo esishabalalayo, ukungatshali lutho endaweni yaso (ukutheleleka kuyaqhubeka emhlabathini unyaka noma ngaphezulu) |
| Ukubola okumpunga kwamajikijolo | Amajikijolo athintekile ambozwe ngenhlanganisela enombala grey. |
|
Izifo nezinambuzane zama sitrobheli (igalari yezithombe)
- Imisipha (iminenke enqunu) ilimaza ama-sitrobheli kuzo zonke izindawo zokutshala kwayo
- Ezindaweni ezingaseningizimu zamagilebhisi amadili adla ku-sitrobheli
- Amaqanda enkungu abukeka njengama granles we-translucent
- Isitshalo esinezimpande ezibolile siyafa ngokushesha
- Amajikijolo ahlaselwe ukubola okungwempunga embozwe ngopende onamathela grey.
Ukubuyekezwa
I-Ostara - yaphenduka izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezithengiswa ebusika emabhokisini angeniswa. Esitolo kuphela utshani obuluhlaza, futhi kusukela engadini bumnandi futhi buyamnandi. Khiqiza kakhulu, izithelo ngaphambi kweqhwa, amajikijolo aminyene, ukuthutha okuhle kakhulu. Ukwenza amajikijolo abe makhudlwana, nginqume yomibili ukhipha izimbali namaqanda. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinamadevu kakhulu, amagagasi amabili wokubumba amadevu, kodwa futhi athela izithelo ngokushesha kuzitolo ezincane.
I-Nataly-violet//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=309383
Izinhlobo eziningi zesimanje zamahora wokukhanya ngokungathathi hlangothi (NST) zimelelwa izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-USA (Albion, Holiday, njll.), Holland (Ostara, Vima Rina, nezinye iVima ... njll) kanye ne-United Kingdom ( "Eva Omnandi", "Eva", "Eves Delight"). Banikeza amajikijolo cishe ngaphandle kweziphazamiso kanye namadevu ezinye izinhlobo ku-blooms yesizini yamanje (!) Futhi anikeze amajikijolo amaningi amakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, ngasikhathi sinye amajikijolo abomvu alengiswe esihlahleni esisodwa, ama-peduncle amasha ayaqhakaza futhi ama-buds asekhona ebuntwaneni bawo. Kepha futhi kunekhefu elifushane emasontweni ambalwa kusuka amajikijolo avuthiwe kuya ekujuleni kwamahlamvu amasha, isimo sezulu sibuye sincike ezinhlobonhlobo.
rc12rc//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/158557/page-96
Hhayi i-sitrobheli esibi Ukuze kungabikho muntu odle kusuka ngezansi, ngincoma ukuzenzela okusekela izimbali. Ungathengwa ngocingo olunamandla emnyangweni othengisa i-mesh for uthango. Izinto ezi-3 ezingcono ngesihlahla ngasinye.
Umcabango//foren.germany.ru/arch/flora/f/24476252.html
I-Ostara yizinhlobonhlobo zamaDashi (hhayi ezintsha). Enye yezinto ezingabambeki futhi ezingayitholi inhlabathi nesimo sezulu. Okuhlukahlukene kubaqalayo abahlali behlobo. Amahlathi aphakeme ngokwanele, iqabunga liluhlaza omnyama, mude, kepha iqabunga leqabunga ngokwalo alilikhulu, ama-peduncle nawo amade - ngaphansi kwesisindo samajikijolo angawagobela phansi. Kukhona amadevu amaningi. Kuyabekezelela isomiso ezihlahleni, kepha amajikijolo awawona aminyene, awathutheki, angathulula imbewu ekushiseni okukhulu, lapho ukubukeka kulahlekile ngokuphelele. Kunama-peduncle amaningi, okusuka kuwo usayizi wama berry nawo mancane. Ukunambitheka kuhle, kumnandi.
Alexander Krymsky//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3633
Ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kwesivuno sekwindla. Imvamisa, amajikijolo ekwindla ka-sitrobheli asabekayo amnandi kakhulu kunasehlobo. Amajikijolo makhulu impela, abomvu ngokugqamile. Ama-sitrobheli akhumbuzayo adinga ukunakekelwa okuhle kanye nokudla okuthuthukile, ngoba ukuqhakaza kwawo kucishe kuqhubeke. Iphakanyisiwe futhi ngamadevu. Ngivame ukushiya isihlahla esisodwa noma ezimbili zokusakazeka kuma-sitrobheni ase remontant - angiwavumeli aqhume.
Svetlana Yurievna//irecommend.ru/content/yagoda-k-sentyabryu
I-Ostara ingenye yezinhlobo ezinokwethenjelwa nezingathembeki kakhulu kuma-sitrobheli asengadini athembekile.Akayithandi into yokuhamba futhi uhlala ethokozisa isivuno esiningi yize singesikhulu kakhulu, kepha amajikijolo amnandi okumnandi avuthwa njalo ngokuqhubekayo ukusuka ngasekupheleni kukaJuni kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakazeka kalula amadevu, okukuvumela ukuthi uthole ngokushesha inombolo oyifunayo yezitshalo zalolu hlobo oluhle kakhulu.
