Isizukulwane umshayeli wendiza odumile u-Valery Chkalov uyazi futhi usakhumbula kusukela ebuntwaneni ukunambitheka kwe-cherry emnandi eqanjwe ngaye. I-berry yayo enkulu, enamanzi, enomnandi futhi emnandi, ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi nokungabinakekeli ekunakekelweni kwabangela isikhathi eside sokuhlukahluka yize bekubonakala inani elikhulu le nzalo entsha. Sizotshela ngokuningiliziwe ngalolu hlobo olufanelekile kanye nezici zokutshala kwalo.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo nezimpawu zayo eziphambili
Maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, ama-rose aseCaucasian apinki ngenxa yezithelo zokukhanda impova athela izithelo, embewini lapho izitshalo zokuqala zezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha zakhula khona. Vele, ngaphambi kokuba babe yizinhlobonhlobo, babonwa futhi bakhonjwa abafuyi bezilwane S.V. Zhukov kanye noM.T. Oratovsky baseCentral genetic Laborator kanye naseMelitopol Experimental Gardening Station. Ngo-1953, izinhlobonhlobo zedluliselwa ekuhlolweni kwezimo ezihlukene zombuso, futhi safakwa kwiRegistry Yombuso ngo-1974 esifundeni saseNyakatho Caucasus.
Lesi sihlahla mude - sifinyelela kumamitha ayisihlanu - ayisithupha - sinomqhele obanzi we-pyramidal, oqala ukwanda ngeminyaka. Umqhele awuthambekele ekuqineni. Amahlamvu alungile, amaqabunga makhulu - afinyelela ku-10 x 15 amasentimitha. Isitembu sinamandla, sikhulu ngegxolo elinzima elimpunga. Amagatsha amathambo amancanyana aqala ukusuka kuwo engela lika-45-60 °. Iqhakaza ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kanye ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Ubusika be-hardness nokuqina kweqhwa kuyanda. Kumafriji wehle aze afike ku-23,5 ° C, ubukhulu bama-70% wezimbali ezimaqhwa. Izinhlobonhlobo zitholakala ezifweni - cococycosis, grey bola (moniliosis). Ezinye izifo zesikhunta nazo azikhishwa. Abanye abalimi babika ukuvezwa komonakalo we-cherry fly.
Ukungacunuli - iminyaka emihlanu kusukela ngonyaka wokutshala. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyazazisa. Njengabantu abavimba impova esifundeni esikhulayo kukhona ama-cherries ezinhlobonhlobo:
- I-Bigarro-Burlat;
- Juni ekuqaleni;
- Ephreli
- Ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi;
- Jabul.
Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu, ikakhulukazi eCrimea. Kwaphela iminyaka eyishumi, umkhiqizo ojwayelekile wokukhiqiza izihlahla ezineminyaka eyi-10 kuye kweli-19 kwakungamakhilogremu angama-62 amajikijolo esihlahla ngasinye. Isivuno esikhulu kakhulu sabhalwa ngineminyaka eyi-12 futhi saba ngamakhilogremu ayi-174 ngokwesilinganiso somuthi ngamunye. Isivuno semithi eneminyaka eyishumi ubudala eKrasnodar Territory saqoshwa kungakapheli amakhilogremu angama-24-32.
Ukuvuthwa kwamajikijolo kusenesikhathi futhi kuthandeka - phakathi neshumi lokuqala likaJuni uvame ukuqoqa isivuno sonke. Izithelo zikhulu (ngokwesisindo esingu-6,5 amagremu), ezinhliziyo eziyindilinga ezimise nge-apex efiphaza. Isikhumba mncane, umbala waso umnyama obomvu ngokusondele kokumnyama-bomvu. Ijusi ligcwele umbala obomvu omnyama. I-semi-cartilaginous Juicy pulp nayo inombala obomvu omnyama namithambo wepinki. Amajikijolo ane ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kophudingi. Ithambo elikhulu lihlukaniswe kahle epulpiti. I-peduncle inamathele ngokuqinile kwi-berry futhi ihlukaniswe nokukhishwa kwejusi, ngenxa yalokho izithelo zingenakho ukuthutha okuhle. Ngenxa yalesi sici, amajikijolo atholakala ukusetshenziswa okusha ezindaweni zokulima. Futhi bangagcinwa ngendlela yama-compotes.
I-Peel yama-cherry uValery Chkalov mncane, umbala wayo umnyama obomvu eduze nobumnyama nokumnyama
E-dacha yethu (itholakala empumalanga ye-Ukraine), ama-cherry uValery Chkalov nawo ayakhula. Igcotshwe omakhelwane bayo abakhulayo ngo-Ephreli. Isihlahla esiphakeme ngamamitha amahlanu ekuqaleni kukaJuni sisilethela cishe amabhakede amahlanu kuya kwayisithupha amajikijolo amakhulu amnandi. Njengoba mina nomkami singakwazi ukudla amajikijolo amaningi, kunjalo, ngonyaka owedlule kwanqunywa ukuba kwenziwe izithelo ezomile kuzo. Sine-dryer kagesi yezithelo namajikijiki epulazini, ngalo lapho sasicubungula masinyane isivuno sonke se-cherry. Umphumela wasithokozisa. Amajikijolo omisiwe ebusika ayesebenziseka kakhulu - sawadla kanjalo, engezwa okusanhlamvu, ama-compotes aphekwe (ngokufakwa kwamanye amajikijolo nezithelo). Siyithandile impela le ndlela yokuvuna ubusika futhi esikhathini samanje sihlose ukuyiphinda uma isivuno sanele.
Ukufingqa incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo, sibona ubuhle baso nobubi baso. Izinzuzo, Yebo, zifaka lezi zimfanelo ezilandelayo:
- Ukuvuthwa kokuqala.
- Ukukhiqiza
- Ukuqina kobusika nokuqina kweqhwa.
- Ukunambitha nosayizi wamajikijolo.
- Ukuvuthwa kokuqala.
Izinhlobonhlobo futhi zinokungahambi kahle okuningi:
- Ukuzala.
- Ukuchayeka kwezifo zokukhunta kanye nomonakalo we-cherry fly.
- Ukwahlukaniswa okumanzi kwamajikijolo nokuthwala okuphansi.
- Umuthi omude.
Ukutshala ama-cherry uValery Chkalov
Njengoba izinhlobonhlobo zide futhi isihlahla sinomqhele obanzi, kufanelekile ukusitshala endaweni eqhele okungenani amamitha amahlanu kuya kwayisithupha ukusuka ezakhiweni, uthango nezinye izihlahla. Indawo akufanele ibe manzi futhi ibe nesithunzi, futhi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba akufanele alale ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili kuya kwamathathu ukusuka ebusweni. I-Cherry ikhula kahle kuma-loams naku-sandy loams, nakuma-chernozems. I-acidity enconyiwe yenhlabathi yi-pH 6.0-7.0. Inhlabathi kufanele ikhishwe kahle.
Ama-Cherry Valery Chkalov kufanele atshalwe kude okungenani amamitha amahlanu ukusuka ezihlahleni ezingomakhelwane
Engadini yami, uValery Chkalov ukhula emhlabathini onesisindo esindayo - i-chernozem ingamasentimitha angama-30- 40 ngaphezulu, bese kuba nobumba olumsulwa. Kepha angikhonondi ngokukhiqiza. Ngendlela, ngisanda kulinganisa i-acidity - bekuyi-pH 6.2.
I-Cherry ingatshalwa zombili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Esimweni sokuqala, kukhethwa isikhathi ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kokuthambisa, kuthi okwesibili, okungenani inyanga ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa.
Ngingumsekeli wenketho yokuqala. Kulokhu, isithombo sivuka endaweni entsha bese ngokushesha siqala ukukhula, sinezimpande ezinhle futhi sithola amandla anele ebusika obuzayo lapho kuphela isikhathi sokukhula. Abasekeli benketho yesibili baphikisana nombono wabo ngokuthi ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo endaweni eshisayo, kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe ukuthi isitshalo esincane siphile ehlobo elomile. Kepha ehlobo thina, njengomthetho, sivame kakhulu ezweni futhi sinethuba lokusiphuzela isitshalo njalo, futhi uma kunesidingo, sisithambisa. Ebusika, kuyaqabukela sifike futhi asihlali sinethuba lokuphendula ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo esisebasha sihlala sobuso nobuso ngezinto ezingalindeleki. Futhi udinga amandla amaningi ngalokhu. Uma ingadi isendaweni ethile futhi umlimi enethuba lokunakekela izitshalo ebusika, zombili lezi zinketho ziyalingana.
Kunoma ikuphi, kungcono ukuthenga isithombo ekwindla, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi ukukhetha okuhle kokutshala impahla. Khetha isitshalo esisodwa noma ezimbili ezinezimpande ezinempilo, ezikhule kahle ngaphandle kokuqina nokukhula. Kuze kube sentwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo sibekwa emiphongolweni ngokushisa okungu-0- + 5 ° C noma kufakwe engadini, ngemuva kokucwilisa izimpande kusixazululo se-mullein ngobumba (okubizwa ngokuthi yisikhulumi). Lapho zigcinwa emiphongolweni, izimpande kufanele zimbozwe ngesihlabathi esimanzi noma ngotshani wethala.
Isinyathelo-by-sinyathelo sokufika
Inqubo yokutshala isihlahla imi kanje:
- Okungenani inyanga ngaphambi kokutshala, kulungiswa umgodi wokufika. Uma kokwehla kuhlelwe intwasahlobo, khona-ke umgodi ulungiselelwe ekwindla. Kwenze kanjena:
- Bamba umgodi amasentimitha angama-60-80 ukujula namasentimitha angama-80-120. Umpofu umhlabathi, mkhulu umgodi. Kumakhilogremu aqukethe humus, kunomgodi owanele usayizi wohlelo lwezimpande lwesithombo.
- Uma kudingekile (uma inhlabathi inesisindo), ungqimba lwamanzi amasentimitha angu-10,5 ubukhulu luyothululelwa phansi, okuqukethe itshe elichotshoziwe, amatshe, ubumba olwandisiwe, izitini eziphukile, njll.
- Gcwalisa umgodi ngenhlanganisela enempilo ye-chernozem, i-peat, humus nesihlabathi, ezithathwa ngokulingana okulinganayo. Ngebhakede ngalinye lengxube enjalo, udinga ukufaka amagremu ama-30- 40 we-superphosphate nengilazi eyodwa yomlotha wezinkuni.
- Ngosuku lokutshala, isithombo siyakhutshwa bese izimpande zaso zifakwe emanzini amahora amaningi ngokufakwa kokukhula nokwenziwa kwezimpande (i-Epin, Kornevin, Heteroauxin).
- Maphakathi nomgodi wokufika, bambe umgodi bathele inkumba encane kuwo.
- Ebangeni elithile ukusuka enkabeni, kufakwa isigxobo esingamamitha angu-0.8-1.2 ukuphakama.
- Isithombo sifakwa emgodini, sibe nentamo yezimpande phezulu kwefindo, futhi izimpande zisatshalaliswa kanye nokuthambeka.
- Isinyathelo esilandelayo kulula kakhulu ukwenza ndawonye. Umuntu munye uphethe lesi sitshalo endaweni efanele, esesibili sigcwalisa umgodi ngomhlabathi, siwugibelise ungqimba.
Kulula kakhulu ukutshala ama-cherries amnandi ndawonye
- Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi intamo yezimpande isezingeni lomhlabathi ekugcineni, futhi indawo yokugoma ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwawo. Ukuze wenze lokhu kulula ukusebenzisa isitimela noma ibha.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ekugcineni ikhola yezinga isezingeni lomhlabathi, futhi isiza sokugoma sikhuphuka ngaphezulu kwawo
- Manje udinga ukusebenzisa i-chopper ukwakha umbuthano wesiqu, ukhipha umqulu wobumba kanye nobubanzi bomgodi wokufika. Lokhu kubalulekile ukugcina amanzi ngesikhathi sokunisela.
- Isiqu sesitshalo siboshelwe isikhonkwane ngothayela wezinto ezenziwe ngokuqina ukuze singadlulisi amagxolo.
- Umqhubi osenkabeni unqunywa endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-60-80, futhi amagatsha anqunywa phakathi.
- Nisela isitshalo kakhulu kuze kube yilapho isiyingi sesiqu sigcwalisiwe. Ngemuva kokumunca amanzi, ukuchelela kuphindwa kabili. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze umhlabathi ufinyelele kahle ezimpandeni nasekuqothulweni kwezono zomoya endaweni yezimpande, ezivame ukwakha lapho umgodi ugcwaliswa.
- Lapho inhlabathi yomile ngokwanele iyakhululwa futhi ifakwe nge-humus, umquba, sawdust ebunjiwe, njll. Ungqimba lwe-mulch kufanele lube ngamasentimitha ayi-5- 10.
Ividiyo: ukutshala ama-cherry uValery Chkalov
Izici zokutshala nobuqili bezokunakekelwa
I-sweet cherry uValery Chkalov ayizethembisi kakhulu ekunakekelweni, okubandakanya imisebenzi ejwayelekile yezolimo.
Kanjani, nini futhi kungakanani amanzi ama-cherry uValery Chkalov
I-Cherry yisitshalo esithanda umswakama, kepha ukubhala amanzi kuyingozi kuyo. Isikhathi sokuqala kufanele unisele lesi sihlahla ngo-Ephreli ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza, nisela futhi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa maphakathi nenyanga kaMeyi. Ngaphambi kokuba amajikijolo avuthwe, umuthi awusenamanzi, uma kungenjalo angaqhuma. NgoJuni, ngemuva kokuvunwa, ukuthambisa okwesithathu kwenziwa ukuze kulondolozwe amandla asetshenziswa ekwenzeni izithelo. Bese wanisela nge isikhawu inyanga eyodwa kuze kube Septhemba. Ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba nasekupheleni kukaNovemba, ukuchelela ngaphambi kokufika kobusika kulungiswa. Inani lamanzi asetshenzisiwe kufanele ahlinzeke umswakama wenhlabathi ngokujula kwamasentimitha angama-30- 40, nangokulayisha okungamanzi - ngamasentimitha angama-50-60. Inhlabathi ngemuva kokunisela kufanele idambulwe ukuze inikeze ukufinyelela kwe-oxygen ezimpandeni. Inhlabathi evulekile ayakhethwa.
Akudingekile ukukhulula umhlabathi we-mulch ngemuva kokunisela
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
I-Cherry emnandi ithanda inhlabathi evundile futhi iphendula uhlelo lomanyolo olujwayelekile ngesivuno esinyukayo. Ukugqoka kokuqala kuqala ukwenziwa eminyakeni engama-3-4 ngemuva kokutshala.
Ithebhulethi: Isheduli yesicelo sokufaka umpetho we-sweet cherry uValery Chkalov
| Umanyolo | Izinsuku Zokusebenza | Indlela yokusebenzisa kanye nemvamisa | Umthamo |
| I-Organic (humus, umquba, udoti) | Okthoba - Novemba | Ukumba kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemine | 5-10 kg / m2 |
| I-phosphorus-equkethe (i-superphosphate, i-superphosphate ephindwe kabili, i-supegro) | Okokumba ngonyaka | 30-40 g / m2 | |
| Initrogen-equkethe (ammonium nitrate, urea) | Ephreli, ngesikhathi ukuthambisa kokuqala | Zisakazeke ngokulinganayo phezu kwendawo yombuthano wesiqu futhi ziniselwa ngamanzi zize zichithwe | |
| I-potassium-equkethe (i-potassium monophosphate, i-potassium sulfate) | Kwangathi, ngesikhathi sokuchelela kwesibili | Qhafaza emanzini lapho uthambisa | 10-20 g / m2 |
| Kusetshenziswa umanyolo oyimboni wamaminerali ngokuhambisana nezincomo zomenzi | |||
Ukuthena okumnandi
Ukuthena okukhulu kwama-cherry uValery Chkalov kuyakha. Njengoba umuthi mude, umqhele wawo uvame ukunikezwa ifomu lendabuko le-sparse-tier.
Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokwenza izihlahla ezi-sweet cherry
Kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala yokuphila kwesihlahla ngokulandelana okulandelayo:
- Lapho ufika, isinyathelo sokuqala sokunciphisa senziwa, njengoba kubonisiwe ngaphambili.
- Ngemuva konyaka, kukhethwa amagatsha aqinile angama-2-3, akhula ngezindlela ezihlukile - azoba amathambo.
- Onke amanye amagatsha asikwa ngokuphelele esebenzisa inqubo “yendandatho,” futhi amagatsha amathambo ancishiswa cishe ingxenye yesithathu.
Indlela “yendandatho” isetshenziswa lapho usika wonke amagatsha
- Umqhubi osenkabeni unqunywa endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-30- 40 ngaphezu kwegatsha lamathambo elingenhla.
- Ngemuva konyaka, isiqu sesibili samagatsha wamathambo sakhiwa ngendlela efanayo, futhi amagatsha esihlahla sokuqala ancishiswa ngo-20-30%.
- Ngasikhathi sinye, baqala ukwakha amagatsha e-oda lesibili. Kulokhu, kukhethwa amagatsha ama-1-2 kumagatsha anamathambo esihlakala sokuqala futhi ancishiswe ngesigamu. Amahlumela asele avele emthanjeni, asike "kukhala indandatho."
- Ngonyaka olandelayo, bayaqhubeka nokwakha ivolumu yangaphakathi yomqhele, basusa amahlumela ahlangene akhula ngaphakathi, futhi futhi banqamule abasele ngo-20-30%.
- Ngonyaka wesihlanu, umqhubi wesikhungo esimaphakathi unqunywa phezu kwesisekelo segatsha elingaphezulu lamathambo.
- Amagatsha asele wamathambo kanye nama-semi-skeletal ayanqunywa, alethe osayizi bawo ngokuhambisana nomgomo wokuzithoba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amagatsha esihlangene sesithathu (uma ekhona) ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele abe amafushane kuno magatsha esihlahla sesibili. Bona-ke, kufanele babe mfushane kunamagatsha esihlahla sokuqala.
Ifomu le-Cherry eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila
Esikhathini esizayo, ukuncipha (ukulawulwa) kanye nokukhucululwa kwendle ngezikhathi ezithile kungadingeka.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Ukuhambisa ama-cherries amabanga amade, amajikijolo kufanele athathwe kanye neziqu futhi afakwe ezingxenyeni ezithile emabhokisini enziwe ngokhuni. Kulokhu, zingagcinwa emakamelweni apholile izinsuku ezingafika kwezingu-10-15.
Kuvunwa ngemashi, amajikijolo e-cherry angathuthwa amabanga amade
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Yize lokhu kuhlukahluka kutholakala ezifweni zezifo zokukhunta, ukuvikela ngesikhathi kuzosiza ukugwema.
Ithebula: izindlela zokuvikela izifo kanye nezinambuzane zama-cherry uValery Chkalov
| Izihloko | Imicimbi | Izindlela zokwenza | Umphumela owenziwe |
| Ukuwa | Ukuqoqwa kanye nokususwa kwamaqabunga awile | Amahlamvu awile afakwa emqubeni, ukhula, amagatsha omile, njll. Ayabekwa lapho inqwaba iyashiswa, bese kuthi umlotha obangelwa lapho ugcinwe ukuze uqhubeke usetshenziselwe umanyolo. | Ukubhujiswa kwamahlamvu, izinhlamvu zama-pathogen fungus kanye nezinambuzane zobusika |
| Ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa (uma kunesidingo) kwe-cortex | Uma ngesikhathi sokuhlola kuveze imifantu, ukulimala, amanxeba, khona-ke kufanele kuhlanzwe bese kugawulwa kube yigxolo nezinkuni ezinempilo. Ngemuva kwalokhu, kuyadingeka ukwelapha ngesisombululo se-1-2% se-sulfate yethusi bese usebenzisa ungqimba oluvikelayo lwe-varnish yengadi. | Ukuvimbela umdlavuza ojwayelekile (waseYurophu), i-cytosporosis, izinsini | |
| Isiqu esimhlophe kanye namagatsha wamathambo | Kusetshenziswa isixazululo sekilayidi elishelelayo, lapho kufakwa khona i-1% yethusi i-sulfate ne-glue glue. Futhi futhi ngalokhu ungafaka ukufaka upende engadini ekhethekile. | Ukuvimbela isithwathwa nokushisa kwelanga | |
| Ukuwa kwesikhathi | Kimba ngokujulile inhlabathi yemibuthano eseduze, uguqule izingqimba. Izinambuzane zobusika emhlabathini ziphakanyiselwa phezulu futhi iningi lazo zibulawa umkhuhlane. Ngasikhathi sinye nalokhu kusebenza, ungenza umanyolo ofanele. | ||
| Ukucutshungulwa komqhele kanye nenhlabathi ngesixazululo se-3% se-sulfate yethusi | Ithuthukisa umphumela womcimbi owedlule | ||
| Intwasahlobo yokuqala | Ukwelapha Ukuqeda Umuthi | Kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezinamandla: i-DNOC (kanye emva kweminyaka emithathu) neNitrafen (eminye iminyaka) | Ukuvimbela zonke izinambuzane nezifo zokukhunta ezaziwayo |
| Ntwasahlobo | Ukwelashwa kwesikhunta okuhleliwe | Faka isicelo Chorus, Scor, Strobes. Chitha izifutho ezintathu zomqhele:
| Ukuvimbela izifo fungal kubandakanya:
|
| Ukwelashwa kwezinambuzane | Chitha izindlela ezimbili zokwelapha - ngaphambi kokuqhakaza futhi emva kwawo. Faka isicelo sokulungiselela iSpark-Bio, iFufanon. | Ukuvimbela ukulinyazwa izinambuzane eziyingozi, kufaka phakathi i-cherry fly ne-cherry sawfly | |
Izifo ama-cherries athinteka kuzo uValery Chkalov
Izinhlobonhlobo zivame ukutheleleka ezifweni zokukhunta, ukuvimbela nokwelashwa kwazo okuluhlobo olufanayo.
I-Coccomycosis
Isifo se-fungus, sisabalele eMelika naseYurophu. Lesi sifo safika eRussia muva nje sivela emazweni aseBaltic nase-Ukraine. I-fungus ngesimo se-spores hibernates ngamaqabunga awile. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle (umswakama owandayo, izinga lokushisa komoya + 18-20 ° C), ikhula ngamaqabunga amancanyana, lapho kuvela khona amabala amancane abomvu, athi kamuva akhule futhi ahlangane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuhlulwa okunamandla, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, aphenduke ansundu futhi omile, awele ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Umuthi uyaba buthaka kanti nobusika buqina buyehla bube bumphumela.
Nge-lesion enzima ye-coccomycosis, amaqabunga e-cherry aphuzi, aphendukele ansundu futhi omile, awele ngaphambi kwesikhathi
Njengomthetho, lesi sifo sithinta izihlahla okwakwenziwa ngazo izindlela zokuvimbela nezindlela zokuzihlanzela. Uma kwenzeka kuba nezimpawu zokulimala, kufanele wenze ngokushesha ukufafazwa kabili noma kathathu ngomuthi weStrobi ngokuphumula kwezinsuku eziyi-7.
I-Kleasterosporiosis (indawo ebonakalayo)
Lesi sifo sifana nezibonakaliso kanye nokulimaza esedlule. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi i-pathogen yesikhunta ithanda amazinga okushisa aphezulu (20-25 ° C) futhi iqhubeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Kusukela ekubonweni kwamachashazi amnyama amnyama emaqabungeni ekukhuleni kwawo abe ngamabala amakhulu ayisiyingi (3-5 mm) wombala obomvu-burgundy, kudlula amasonto amabili kuphela. Ipuleti leqabunga ngaphakathi kwezindawo liyoma bese liwela ngaphandle, kwakheke izimbobo. Umphumela ufana ne-coccomycosis - amaqabunga awela ngaphambi kwesikhathi, isitshalo siba buthaka. Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa kuyafana nesifo esedlule.
Nge-clasterosporiosis, izimbobo zakha amaqabunga
I-Moniliosis (ukubola kwezithelo okumpunga)
Ngokuvamile, ama-cherries atheleleka nge-moniliosis ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, lapho izinhlamvu ze-pathogen zingena imbali zilethwe emilenzeni yezinyosi lapho ziqoqa umpe. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimbali, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela amancane kuyathinteka, omile bese kubuna. Njengoba izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo zibonakala zishisiwe, lesi sifo kule nkathi sibizwa ngokuthi ukushiswa kwe-monilial. Uma kutholakala izimpawu, amahlumela athintekile kufanele anqunywe ngesiqeshana sokhuni olunempilo futhi abhujiswe. Umqhele ufafazwa amahlandla ama-2-3 no-Horus ngokuphumula kwesonto elilodwa. Ukucutshungulwa kufanele kuyekwe ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10 ngaphambi kokuvunwa. Ehlobo, i-moniliosis ithinta amajikijolo nge-grey bola, ngenxa yalokho iba ngabangafaneleki ukusetshenziswa. Ngemuva kokuvuna, amajikijolo athintekile ayasuswa futhi abhujiswe futhi ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokulungiselela kweStrobi.
I-Moniliosis ivame ukuthinta amajikijolo ama-cherries nama-cherries ane-grey bola
Cishe izinambuzane ezingama-cherry
Ama-cherries nama-cherries yizilokazane ezivame kakhulu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-cherry uValery Chkalov akuvamile ukuthi ahlaselwe yizinambuzane, ikakhulukazi lapho kubhekwa i-prophylaxis. Ngakho-ke, sizokwethula kafushane abamele abaphambili.
Cherry Weevil
Isinambuzane esincane (esingaba ngamamilimitha amathathu) ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zenhlabathi. Ngokuqala kokushisa, i-weevil ikhuphukela emqheleni, lapho ingadla khona ama-buds, amaqabunga amancane, amahlumela. Ibhungane lensikazi lisika esihlahleni bese lifaka iqanda kulo. Kuqhamuka izibungu eqandeni, esidla imbali ngaphakathi futhi ngeke siqhume. Kepha ngokuya ngesigaba sokuthuthuka, insikazi ingabeka amaqanda kumajikijolo asivele akhekile. Izibungu ezizalwe amajikijolo zidla emathanjeni amathambo. Ama-cherries anjalo anokubukeka okhubazekile futhi awakufanele ukudla.
Izibungu ze-cherry weevil zidla izihlakala zetshe
Uma amabhungane atholakala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, angaqoqwa ngokomshini. Ukwazi ubunyoninco bazo bokuba esimweni esibandayo esimweni sezulu esibandayo (emazingeni okushisa komoya angaphansi kuka-5,5 C), amabhungane amane nje anyakaziswe emagatsheni ngendwangu eyelulwe ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukwelapha umqhele kabili nenhlabathi engaphansi kwawo nge-Decis noma i-Spark-Double effect kabili ngokunqunyelwa kwesonto elilodwa.
Cherry slimy sawfly
Izibungu zeSawfly zibukeka njenge-slug nesibungu ngasikhathi sinye. Umzimba ofinyelela kumamilimitha ayishumi ubude umbozwe umnyama omnyama. Zidla engxenyeni ethambile yepuleti leqabunga, zishiya imithambo iqinile. Ngenxa yokungabi nalutho komonakalo, bavame ukuhlasela nge-sawfly ngezindlela ezingezona zamakhemikhali - baqoqa izibungu ngesandla, bazigeze ngomfudlana wamanzi ovela kwi-hose, bambe inhlabathi ekwindla, njll. Kusetshenziswa ama-insecticides ezimweni ezingandile ngomonakalo omkhulu.
Izibungu ze-cherry mucous sawfly zidla engxenyeni ethambile yepuleti leqabunga, zishiya imithambo ingasebenzi
UCherry fly
Ukulimala kubangelwa izibungu ezindizayo ezingena amajikijolo bese zidla inyama yazo. Njengoba uValery Chkalov avuthwa kusenesikhathi, izibungu azihlali zinesikhathi sokuphuma amaqanda okwamanje. Kepha abanye abalimi kuzibuyekezo babika izilonda ezivamile zalawa ma-cherries ngalezi zinhlobo ngama-cherry fly izibungu. Ngokuvikela, izindlela ezimbili zokwelapha ngama-insecticides, ezazishiwo ngaphambili, zanele.
Izibungu ze-cherry fly zidla uginindela wamajikijolo
Ukufingqa, ngizoveza umbono wami ngezinhlobonhlobo. I-sweet Cherry uValery Chkalov ayizethembi ngokuhamba, empeleni ayidingi zikhala (ngaphandle kokuzakhela nokuhlanzeka). Engadini yami, ayiguli futhi ayithinteki izinambuzane ngenxa yokuvimbela njalo. Amajikijolo amnandi futhi asekuqaleni - lokhu inzuzo enhle kakhulu kithi.
Ukubuyekezwa Kwebanga
UValery Chkalov - inhlobo yokuqala yokuvuthwa, ishumi leminyaka lokuqala likaJuni. Izithelo zikhulu, 8-10g, zibunjiwe ngenhliziyo (Inhliziyo ye-Cowskin!), Ezinesikhumba esimnyama, esinomzimba, obukhulu, inyama ebomvu, inambitha kakhulu, ukunambitheka okumnandi kwewayini, ihlukaniswe ngokukhululekile ithambo, ithambo elincanyana, ukwahlukana okwomile. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa okusha nokucutshungulwa. Ubusika obungaqinile, buvimbela isomiso, buthikame ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni. ECrimea kudlangile futhi kunesidingo esikhulu. Ungumvikeli wempande ngokuhlukahluka okunezithelo ezinkulu zezinhlobo zokuqala zamakhherubi. Kubaluleke kakhulu engadini, bonke abanakho - bangatholi okwenele!
OkweRoma, eCrimea//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=13481
Re: UValery Chkalov
I -backback enkulu ukuthi i-cherry fly iyamthanda.
NatalyaS, iKrasnodar Territory//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=13481
Re: UValery Chkalov
Iminyaka engama-20 yokwenza izithelo ezimeni zesifunda saseKharkiv, izithelo azizange nakanye zibanjwe ihlosi le-cherry. Sine-a cherry fly sithinta izithelo zezinhlobonhlobo zamakhherubi okuvuthwa okuphakathi noku sekwephuzile.
Umhlwanyeli wegadi-mvini, iKharkov//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=13481
Re: UValery Chkalov
Le nhlobonhlobo ayinaso isikhathi sokubona i-cherry iyindiza futhi ezimweni zaseCrimea angikaze ngiyibone le nhlobonhlobo.
Hunter 1, Bakhchisaray, eCrimea//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=13481
I-Coccomycosis kuChkalov ihlukunyeziwe! Ngaphandle kokunambitheka nokubukeka kwamajikijolo, kunemicabango mayelana nokususa lesi sihlahla.
ILada77, iRivne, i-Ukraine//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=13481
Re: UValery Chkalov
Ezimweni zami, kukhona ukunqotshwa okuqinile kwe-moniliosis, i-chemistry ayithathi okuthile ...
i-olegkhm, iKhmelnitsky, e-Ukraine//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=13481
Yize kunamaphutha abalulekile, izinhlobonhlobo azizange zilahlekelwe umhlaba amashumi eminyaka. Idumile ikakhulukazi emizini yangasese ezifundeni eziseningizimu, lapho, ngenxa yokuvuthwa kokuqala, amajikijolo angathengiswa ngokunenzuzo ezimakethe ngosuku lokuqoqa kwawo. I-berry ithola ukuthengiswa okubalulekile ezindaweni zokuhlala zaseCrimea kanye nogu Olwandle Olumnyama lweKrasnodar Territory. Ngokuqinisekile, u-cherry Valery Chkalov uzothola abathandayo nabathengi bakhe isikhathi eside esizayo.
