I-Schisandra chinensis: Incazelo yezitshalo namathiphu wokunakekela

Kuze kube manje, i-lemongrass yaseChina ayivelakancane ezindaweni ezenziwa abalimi baseRussia. Abaningi bavele basabe ukutshala isiko elingaziwa langaphandle, belicabanga ukuthi alibalulekile futhi bafuna ukulinakekela. Kepha umdiliya wase-Chinese we-magnolia uyisitshalo esingenakulibaleka, akukho lutho olungaphezu kwendalo oluvela kumlimi oludingekayo. Ngokubheka imithetho elula yokunakekelwa, isiko lizobonga isivuno esiningi samajikijolo anempilo kakhulu.

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-lemongrass yaseChina?

I-Schisandra chinensis Chinese Schisandra luhlobo oluncane lwezitshalo oluqhamuka emndenini weSchisandra. Ngokwesimo, isatshalaliswa ikakhulu eChina, Japan, enyakatho yeNhlonhlo YaseKorea. Kutholakala futhi eRussia - e-Far East, Sakhalin, e-Kuril Islands. Ukuchazwa kwakhe kokuqala kwesayensi kwanikezwa ngonyaka we-1837 yi-botanist N.S. ITurchaninov.

I-Schisandra chinensis emvelweni yakha amathikithi aminyene

Indawo yokuhlala yalesi sitshalo yizigodi zemifula, imiphetho yamahlathi, imisebe yakudala, ukucaca nomlilo. Ngokufanelekile, ayimakhaza ngokwanele futhi inobekezelela umthunzi, okwenza ikulungele ukutshalwa ezindaweni eziningi zensimu yaseRussia.

Iphunga elilinganiswayo le-leel peel litholakala emaqabungeni nasezimpondweni, futhi yilokhu isitshalo esibizwa ngakho. Yize engenzi lutho ngezithelo zamawolintshi.

Emvelweni, i-lemongrass iyisitshalo jikelele. Ubude bomvini onesiqu esigobekile, uma kungagcini kunoma yini, bufika ku-12-15 m. Kulesi simo, isiqu sinciphile impela, singamasentimitha ayi-2,5,3 ubukhulu kuphela. Amahlumela okugoba ambozwe ngegxolo elinsundu. Emagatsheni amancanyana, ibushelelezi, i-elastic, icwebezela, iba mnyama ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iguqula umbala ube nsundu ngombala onsundu.

Ekwindla, i-lemongrass Chinese ibukeka kahle futhi inhle kakhulu

Amacembe aminyene, anesikhumba, i-ovoid noma ngesimo se-oval ebanzi. Imiphetho iqoshwe ngamazinyo acishe angabonakali. Ama-petioles amafushane impela, apendwe ngemithunzi ehlukahlukene ebomvana nebomvu. Ingxenye yangaphambili yepuleti yangaphambili icwebezelwe, iluhlaza okotshani, ingaphakathi lisonte ngombala ompunga, eduze kwemithambo kukhona isiqeshana se- “mulu” omfushane.

Ekwindla, lesi sitshalo sibukeka sihle kakhulu - amaqabunga adwetshwe ngemibala ehlukene ephuzi, kusukela golide onsomi.

Isitshalo esinezimbali naso sibukeka kahle. Izimbali zeSchisandra zifana nalezo ezenziwe nge-magnolia wax. Ama-petals amhlophe qhwa, ngaphambi kokuwa, zuza i-pink hule elimnandi le-pastel pink. Ama-Buds aqoqwa kuma-inflorescence ezingcezu ezi-3-5, atholakala kuma-axils amaqabunga. Ama-pedicels amade ngokwanele, acinene kancane ngaphansi kwesisindo sawo. Izimbali zenzeka engxenyeni yokuqala kaJulayi.

Izimbali zaseChinch Schisandra, zisakaza iphunga elimnandi, zidonsela izinambuzane ezivumbuluka ezingadini

Izithelo ze-lemongrass - amajikijolo amancane obomvu obuyindilinga, aqoqiwe izingcezu eziyi-15-25 kubhulashi obungu-8-12 cm, ofana namaqembu amagilebhisi noma ama-currants abomvu. Zibuye zibe ne-flavour yesitrasi enobuntu. Ngamunye uqukethe imbewu enkulu engu-1-2. Ukunambitheka ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-organic acid, i-tarry kanye nama-tannins, uwoyela obalulekile ucaciswe ngokweqile. I-peel isawoti-usawoti, i-astringent, ujusi umuncu kakhulu, unesiyezi, imbewu ibabile.

E-China, izithelo zibizwa nge- "berry of flavour abahlanu."

Ukudla amajikijolo amasha weSchisandra chinensis (ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zawo zasendle) cishe akunakwenzeka

Isilinganiso esiphakathi somvini we-Chinese magnolia singama-3-5 kg ​​amajikijolo avela kwisitshalo esidala. Kepha kanye eminyakeni engama-3-7 kukhona "ukuqhuma" lapho i-liana iletha izithelo eziphindwe izikhathi eziyi-1.5-2 kunokuba umlimi abelindele. Ukuvuna kuvuthwa ngo-Agasti noma ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba.

ISchisandra isitshalo esididekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi impova nokuqhakaza okwalandela kungenzeka kuphela ngokubakhona ngasikhathi sinye escebeni sezinhlobo zezimbali ezinezimbali "zowesilisa" nezesifazane ".

Isithelo somvini we-Chinese magnolia akumangazi, kepha izithelo zawo, kunalokho, akuyona indawo yokwelapha, kepha umuthi

Ukusebenza

Emithini yesintu, imbewu nezithelo ezomisiwe ze-lemongrass ziyasetshenziswa. Bahlukaniswa ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-vitamin C, kanye nezinto zokulandela umkhondo ezibalulekile emzimbeni (i-iron, i-zinc, yethusi, i-selenium, iodine, i-manganese). ISchisandra inamandla okudambisa ukukhathala okubangelwa ukucindezelwa okukhulu ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, ukucija umbono nokuzwa, iphinde idambise ukudangala. Kuyasiza kakhulu ekuqiniseni ukungatheleleki futhi kuvuselele ukuvuselelwa kwezicubu; kuyasiza ngokusweleka kwevithamini, izinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kanye nohlelo lokuphefumula.

Abazingeli baseMpumalanga Ekude idlanzana lamajikijolo omisiwe usuku lonke ukukhohlwa ngemizwa yokukhathala nendlala.

AmaShayina AmaSchisandra Omisiwe - Ithoni Eqinile

Kunohlu olude lwe-contraindication. ISchisandra chinensis ayenqunyelwe ukuyisebenzisela abesifazane abakhulelwe nezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala, kanye nalabo abahlushwa i-dystonia yemvelo-vascular, noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba, ukuqwasha okungamahlalakhona, umfutho ophakeme we-intracranial, kanye nezifo ezithathelanayo. Kulokhu, kutuswa ukuthi kwenziwe amalungiselelo kuwo ngaphambi kwasemini, ukuze ungavumeli ukuqwasha. Ukusetshenziswa kanyekanye kwanoma yimaphi amaphilisi okulala, ama-tranquilizer, ama-antipsychotic, izidakamizwa ezikhuthaza ngokwengqondo kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele. Ngokuvamile, i-lemongrass ayifaneleki "ukunquma" ngokwakho, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela kuqala.

Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile

Emvelweni, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, kunezinhlobo ezi-15 kuye kwezingu-23 zeSchisandra chinensis. Isiko futhi alikujabuli ukunakwa okukhethekile kusuka kubafuyi, ngakho-ke ukukhetha kwezinhlobo kulinganiselwe. Imvamisa, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zitholakala ezakhiweni zasengadini:

1. Ingadi eyodwa. I-hybrid yokuzilimaza engadingi impova. Kuboniswa ukumelana nokubanda okuphezulu, isivuno esihle, nezinga lokukhula kwesibhamu. Amajikijolo amuncu kakhulu, omuncu. Ububanzi obujwayelekile beshashi bungama-9-10 cm, ngalinye linamajikijolo angama-22-25. Isivuno esijwayelekile ngamakhilogremu ayi-6 ngesitshalo ngasinye esidala.
2. Izintaba. Izinhlobo ezivuthwa eziphakathi nendawo, ezifuywayo eMpumalanga Ekude, zithathwa njengenye yezinto ezethembisa kakhulu lapho. Ukuvuna kuvuthwe eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ka-Agasti. Kubonakala ngokuqina okuqinile kobusika nokuzivikela okuhle. Ubude obujwayelekile be-brashi buyi-8-9 cm, isisindo buyi-12-13 g. Siqukethe ama-amajikijolo abomvu amnyama abomvu anomunyu obonakalayo. I-pulp iminyene, kodwa inoshukela. Ukukhiqiza kuphansi, 1.5-2 kg ngesitshalo ngasinye.
3. Volgar Izinhlobonhlobo zimelana nokubanda kwasebusika nobusika ehlobo, kuyaqabukela kuhlushwa izifo kanye nezilokazane. Kwisitshalo esisodwa, njengomthetho, zombili izimbali "zowesilisa" kanye "nezowesifazane" ziyaqhakaza, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kunikezwa isizini lapho kuphela izimbali "zowesilisa". Ukuvuna kuvuthwa eminyakeni elishumi yokuqala kaSeptemba. Isisindo sebrashi yi-6-7,5 g, siqukethe amajikijolo angama-13-16. Izithelo zine-acidic kakhulu, nephunga elishiwoyo.
4. Izibulo. Enye yezimpumelelo zakamuva zabafuyi baseRussia, ezifuywe eMoscow. Izinhlobonhlobo zenani lokumelana nesithwathwa nokumelana nezifo. Amajikijolo mancane, amade, abomvu ngokunsomi, inyama ibomvu ngokugqamile. Ubude beshashi buba ngu-12 cm, isisindo - u-10-12 g. Isihlahla siphakathi nendawo, isitshalo sinembe. Ukubuyisa okuphambili ukumelana neqhwa okuphansi, ukungatheleleki kokuqina. Ubude bomvini bungaphezulu kuka-5 m.
5. Inganekwane I-hybrid emvelaphi yayo ayikwazanga ukusekelwa ngokuqinisekile. Amabhulashi awekho mude kakhulu, aze afike ku-7 cm, kepha amajikijolo awanawo ama-acidic, angadliwa ngisho nawasha. Esizalweni ngasinye kunama-15-18 awo.
6. U-Oltis. Izwe lezinhlobonhlobo yiMpumalanga Ekude. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola isivuno esihle (3-4 kg ngesitshalo ngasinye) kanye nokumelana nezifo ezijwayelekile zesiko. Amajikijolo abomvu obomvu, mancane. Ubude obuphakathi bokuxubha buyi-9-11 cm, isisindo singama-25-27 g, ngalinye linezithelo ezingama-25-30. Ukunambitheka kunomunyu.
7. Okuhlosiwe. Enye yezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu, eyabiwa ngo-1985 e-Far East. Ukuvunwa kokuvunwa kuyiminyaka eyishumi yokugcina ka-Agasti. Izithelo zokuqala zisuswa ngemuva kweminyaka engu-3-4 ngemuva kokutshala isithombo emhlabathini. Ukukhiqiza - ama-3-4 kg avela kwisitshalo esidala. Izinhlobonhlobo ziqinile ngokungafani nalutho, kepha zivame ukuhlushwa izifo. Amajikijolo mancane, amabhulashi ahlanganisiwe. Isikhumba sibomvu, ukunambitheka kuyabonakala kumuncu.

Igalari yezithombe: izinhlobo zeSchisandra chinensis

Inqubo Yokutshala Nokudlulisa

ISchisandra chinensis itshalwa emasimini engadi hhayi kuphela yokwenza izithelo, kodwa futhi nangomhlobiso. I-Liana isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni komhlaba. Okumangalisa kakhulu ukuthi imigwaqo eyenziwe ngamacembe enziwe ngamaqabunga, ojantshi, amabanga kanye “nezindonga eziluhlaza”.

I-Schisandra chinensis ayisebenzi kuphela, kodwa futhi isitshalo sokuhlobisa kakhulu

Isikhathi sokutshala sincike esifundeni sokutshala. Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo (i-Ukraine, eningizimu yeRussia) kungahlelelwa uSepthemba ngisho nengxenye yokuqala ka-Okthoba. Isikhathi esanele ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, isitshalo siba nesikhathi sokujwayela izimo ezintsha zokuphila. Ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo (i-Ural, iSiberia), inketho kuphela intwasahlobo. Enkabeni yeRussia, ama-schisandra aseChina atshalwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli noma eshumini lokuqala likaMeyi (inhlabathi bekufanele ifudumezwe okungenani okungenani yi-10 ° C ngalesi sikhathi, kepha idinga ukuthi ibe sesikhathini ngaphambi kokuvuthwa "kokuvuka"). Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo sizokwakha uhlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe futhi sibe nesikhathi sokulungiselela kahle ubusika.

Abalimi abanolwazi bancoma kanyekanye ukutshala okungenani izithombo ezintathu ze-schisandra (ngokufanele, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene), kusale phakathi kwazo isikhathi esingaba imitha eli-1, naphakathi kwemigqa - 2-2,5 m. Uma i-liana ibekwe eduze kodonga, kuyadingeka ukuthi uphambuke kuyo cishe inani lokuthi amaconsi amanzi angaweli ophahleni angena kwisitshalo (lokhu kuyizimpande). Qiniseka ukuthi unikeza indawo ukubeka i-trellis. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isitshalo simane senqabe ukuthela izithelo. Inketho elula kunazo zonke izikhala zamamitha ayi-2-3 ahlelwe ngokulandelana ngocingo olulelwe phezu kwawo ngemigqa eminingana ezindaweni eziphakeme ezahlukene. Njengoba i-creeper ikhula, amahlumela ayo aboshwe kuyo, enza isakhiwo esinjenge-fan. Lapho ukhule esimweni sezulu esifudumele, amahlumela weSchisandra chinensis awasuswa ku-trellis ngisho nasebusika.

Izithombo zikhethwa ngokuya ngesimo sohlelo lwezimpande. Kumele ithuthukiswe. Qiniseka ukuthi okungenani unezimpande ezintathu cishe ubude obungu-20 cm. Ukuphakama okuphakathi kwesitshalo esineminyaka engu-2 kuya ku-12-15 cm.

Izithombo zamaShayina Schisandra ziphansi, lokhu kuyinto evamile ngokwesiko

I-lemongrass yaseChina ithanda inhlabathi evundile, kepha evulekile futhi ilula, itholakala kalula emoyeni nasemanzini. I-substrate esindayo lapho umswakama ugwinyeka khona isikhathi eside - usilika, ubumba, u-peat, ngeke ulunge.

Lesi sitshalo siyakubekezelela bobabili umthunzi nasithunzi, kepha isivuno esikhulu kakhulu singavuthwa lapho sikhule endaweni evulekile yelanga. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ivikelwe ezinsikithini zomoya obandayo yisithiyo esithile semvelo noma sokufakelwa esikude kude nomvini.

Ezindaweni ezifudumele, i-lemongrass imvamisa itholakala ohlangothini olusentshonalanga lwezakhiwo nezakhiwo, ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwempumalanga - empumalanga. Esimweni sokuqala, lokhu kubekwa kunikeza ilanga ngama-liana anele, okwesibili - kuvikela ekushiseni okuqinile kwemini.

Isivuno esikhulu kunazo zonke zilethwa umvini we-Chinese magnolia, otshalwe endaweni evulekile yelanga

Noma kunjalo, isiko alithandi inhlabathi emanzi kakhulu ezimpandeni. Uma amanzi asemhlabeni esondela ngaphezulu kune-1.5-2 m, udinga enye indawo ye-lemongrass.

Umgodi wokufakelwa uhlala ulungiswa kusengaphambili. Uma inqubo ihlelwe ekwindla - amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kwayo, futhi ngokutshala kwentwasahlobo - ngesizini edlule. Ukujula okuphakathi kungamasentimitha angama-40-50, ubukhulu bungama-65-70 cm. Ungqimba lwamanzi olungamasentimitha angama-8-10 luyaphoqeka ngaphansi phansi.Itshe elichotshoziwe, ubumba olwandisiwe, ushaka wobumba, ama-ceramic chips lungasetshenziswa. Turf evundile ekhishwe emgodini ixubene ne-humus noma umquba (20-30 l), umlotha wezinkuni osikiwe (0.5 l), i-superphosphate elula (120-150 g) ne-potassium sulfate (70-90 g) bese iphonswa emuva, indunduma engezansi. Ngemuva kwalokho umgodi umbozwe ngokuthile okungangeneki kwamanzi, ukuze izimvula zingashabalali inhlabathi, bese uhambe kuze kube sekutshaleni.

Funda kabanzi ngokutshala kumbhalo wethu: Tshala umvini we-Chinese Magnolia ngezimbewu nangezinye izindlela.

Isendlalelo sokudonsa amanzi siyadingeka ezansi komgodi wokufika olungiselelwe iSchisandra chinensis

Inqubo yokufaka:

1. Izimpande zesithombo ziyahlolwa, zinqunywe konke okubolile futhi zomile, konke kufinyezwa kufinyelele ku-20-25 cm. Ngemuva kwalokho zifakwa emanzini kosuku, zifudumele ekushiseni okungama-27-30ºС. Ukhipha amagciwane futhi uvikele ukukhula kwezifo zokukhunta, ungangeza amakristalu amaningana we-potassium permanganate kuwo, ukwenza kusebenze ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwezimpande futhi kunciphise ukucindezelwa okuhambisana nokufakelwa, noma ikuphi i-biostimulant (i-potassium humate, i-Epin, i-Zircon, i-presinic acid, i-aloe juice).
2. Izimpande zihlanganiswa ngokuqinile nobumba lwe-powder nodongwe lwenkomo entsha, bese yomiswa elangeni amahora angama-2-3. Isisindo esilungile ngokuhambisana nesimo sifana no-ayisikhilimu obukhulu.
3. Isitshalo sibekwa emgodini wobumba phansi komgodi wokufika. Izimpande ziqondile ukuze zibukeke phansi, hhayi phezulu noma ezinhlangothini. Lapho-ke umgodi uqala ukulala ezingxenyeni ezincane zenhlabathi, ngezikhathi ezithile uzibeka ezintanjeni zezandla zakho. Ngenqubo, udinga ukubhekisisa njalo indawo yentamo yezimpande - kufanele ibe ngu-2-3 cm ngaphezu komhlaba.
4. Inhlabathi ekwindilinga eseduze-isiqu iniselwa kakhulu, ichitha amalitha amanzi angama-20. Lapho imunwa, le ndawo ifakwe ngaphakathi nge-peat crumb noma i-humus. Isithombo sizokhula ngokushesha okukhulu, kepha emavikini amathathu okuqala kungakuhle ukuvikela elangeni eliqondile ngokwakha i-canopy kunoma iyiphi impahla embozekayo emhlophe.
5. Amahlumela afushaniswa, kusale ama-buds angama-3-4 wokukhula. Onke amaqabunga, uma ekhona, ayadatshulwa.

Indawo ye-lemongrass ikhethwe ngamabomu, isitshalo asikubekezeleli ukufakelwa

Kungcono ukukhetha indawo yomvini we-Chinese magnolia ngokushesha naphakade. Izithombo ezincane zibekezelela inqubo kalula, zijwayelane ngokushesha nezimo ezintsha zokuphila, kepha lokhu akunakushiwo ngezitshalo zabantu abadala.

Ividiyo: ungatshala kanjani i-lemongrass

Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo kanye nama-nuances wokutshala ezifundeni ezahlukene

Ukunakekela i-lemongrass akunzima ikakhulukazi eChina, zonke izinqubo ezidingekayo ngeke zithathe isikhathi esiningi kusuka kumgcini wegadi.

Ukunisela

ISchisandra isitshalo esithanda umswakama. Emvelweni, kuvame ukukhula kakhulu ngasogwini lwemifula. Ngakho-ke, iyaniselwa kaningi futhi kaningi. Isimo se-liana esikhulile ngamalitha angama-60-70 amanzi njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3. Vele, uma isimo sezulu sipholile futhi simanzi, izikhala eziphakathi kwezinqubo ziyanda - isitshalo asithandi amanzi avele ezimpandeni. Indlela ekhethiwe ukufafaza.

Ekushiseni okwedlulele, kuyalule futhi ukufafaza amaqabunga nsuku zonke kusihlwa. Le nqubo ilusizo olukhulu kwizitshalo ezincane ezitshalwe engadini kulo nyaka.

Uma kungenzeka ngobuchwepheshe, i-schisandra yaseChina iniselwa ngokufafaza, kulingise imvula yemvelo

Usuku ngemuva kokunisela, inhlabathi embuthanweni osondelene nesidinga idinga ukudedelwa ekujuleni kuka-2-3 cm, uma kunesidingo, ukhula. Ukonga isikhathi sokulusa ukhula Igcina umswakama enhlabathini.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Uma umgodi wokufika ubulungiswe kahle, kuzoba nezakhi ezanele enhlabathini yomvini we-Chinese magnolia eminyakeni emibili ezayo. Baqala ukondla isitshalo kusuka isizini yesithathu yokuba semhlabathini ovulekile.

Ukusuka kumanyolo, isiko likhetha izinto zemvelo. I-lemongrass yaseChinese ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ngakho-ke phakathi nehlobo njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-15 ukuya kwezi-20 iniselwa nge-infusion yomquba wezinkomo, imidwebo yenyoni, amaqabunga ama-nettle noma i-dandelion. Ngokuyinhloko, noma yiluphi ukhula lungasetshenziswa. Izinto zokusetshenziswa zigcotshwa izinsuku ezingama-3-4, ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, zixutshwe namanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 10 (udoti - 1: 15). Ungasebenzisa futhi umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi nge-nitrogen, potassium ne-phosphorus - Nitrofosku, Azofosku, Diammofosku. Njalo ngeminyaka engama-2-3 ekuqaleni kwesizini yezitshalo ezisebenzayo embuthanweni osusondele, kusatshalaliswa ama-25-30 l we-humus noma umquba obolile.

Ukumiliselwa kweNettle - umthombo wemvelo we-nitrogen, potassium ne phosphorus

Ngemuva kokuvunwa, isitshalo sidinga i-potassium ne-phosphorus. I-40-50 g ye-superphosphate elula ne-potassium sulfate ihlanjululwe ngo-10 l wamanzi noma isatshalaliswe ngaphezulu kombuthano osondelene nefomu lapho usokhula. Indlela engokwemvelo imayelana namalitha angu-0,5-0.7 we-ash ash.

Prop for creeper

ISchisandra ikhule kwi-trellis, ngoba ngaphandle kwalokhu akunakwenzeka ukuthola isivuno. Ukuphakama okuphakathi kwezinsizi kungu-2-2,5 m, ibanga eliphakathi kwazo lilingamamitha ayi-3. Kungcono ukuthi anciphise uLiana ekukhuleni ukuphakama, lokhu kwenza lula ukunakekelwa kwakhe. Phakathi kokuthunyelwe badonsa ngocingo ngokuqondile emigqeni eminingana - eyokuqala ebangeni lama-50 cm ukusuka emhlabathini, bese kuthi njalo ngama-70-80 cm.

ISchisandra chinensis ku-trellis ibukeka icocekile kakhulu futhi ithela izithelo kakhulu

Shelter ebusika

ISchisandra chinensis ikhule ngempumelelo hhayi ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele (i-Ukraine, eningizimu yeRussia). Ukumelana ne-Frost kuze kufike ku-35ºС kuvumela ukuwuhlakulela esifundeni saseNyakatho-Ntshonalanga, e-Urals, eSiberia. Maphakathi neRussia, lesi sitshalo asidingi indawo yokuhlala ebusika, umvini awususwa ngisho naku-trellis. Kepha lapho iqhwa elinzima futhi lide isikhathi eside lingajwayelekile, kungcono ukubopha yize kunjalo. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi ingozi eyinhloko kusiko akuyona ukubanda kobusika, kodwa ama-frost entwasahlobo abuyela entwasahlobo. Ngakho-ke, ungajahi ukuthola imfihlo.

Amahlumela awavinjelwa ngokucophelela kusuka kuxhaso, abekwe phansi embozwe ungqimba lwesigxobo esingama-10 cm obukhulu, embozwe ngotshani, ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi noma ngesihlahla sephepha sikaphayini, amahlamvu ngaphezulu futhi ambozwe nge-burlap, noma iyiphi enye impahla esemboza umoya. Kuqala, ukunisela okushaja amanzi kuyenziwa, kusetshenziswa amalitha angama-80 amanzi esitshalweni esidala.

Ukuvuna

Isilimo sokuqala sivunwa eminyakeni engama-4-6 ngemuva kokuba umvini we-Chinese magnolia utjalwe emhlabathini. Izithelo zisuswa ngamabhulashi wonke. Bheka ukuthi avuthiwe, alula. Udinga ukudonsa ihlumela bese uthinta kancane kulo. Amajikijolo avuthiwe Banempilo emfishane kakhulu yeshelufu. Izithelo ezintsha zidinga ukucutshungulwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-2-3 ezizayo ukuze zingaboli futhi ungaqali ukubola. Imvamisa, ayomiswa, kwesinye isikhathi iqandisiwe, igcotshwe noshukela.

Izihlahla zeSchisandra

Isikhathi sokuqala sokuthenwa lemongrass senziwa lapho kutshalwa, khona-ke kwesizini yesithathu yokuba semhlabathini ovulekile. Njengomthetho, ngalesi sikhathi lesi sitshalo siyakwazi ukwakha uhlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe futhi "ukushintshwa" ukuze kuphume. I-5-7 yeziqu eziqinile nezithuthuke kakhulu zishiywe emvinini, ezinye zisuswa ziye endaweni yokukhula. Esikhathini esizayo, izihlahla zenziwa njalo, entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Akunakwenzeka ukungayinaki inqubo - kukhula izimbali ezimbalwa emathangeni aminyene, impova yazo ayinakwenzeka, futhi ngenxa yalokho, umkhiqizo nawo uyancishiswa.

Ukusika kwenziwa kuphela ngethuluzi elibukhali nelibulawe magciwane

Benza inqubo ekuqaleni kukaMashi: basusa wonke amagatsha aqandisiwe, omile noma ophukile ngaphansi kwesisindo seqhwa. Uma ungenaso isikhathi ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza okusebenzayo kwe-sap, ungasibhubhisa lesi sitshalo.

Ekwindla, ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga ewile, amahlumela ayahlobana, ahlangane, angatholakali kahle, abuthaka, okhubazekile, athinteka yizifo nezinambuzane, "i-bald". Sika futhi leyongxenye yomvini, ethela izithelo eminyakeni emi-3 edlule. Lokhu kuyadingeka ekuthuthukisweni okufanele kwamahlumela amasha nokuvuselela izitshalo.

Inhloso yokuthena ama-schisandra aseChina ukwakha isihlahla esikhanye ngokufana nelanga

Uma ama-liana enza amahlumela amaningi kakhulu, okuthena kwenziwa ehlobo. Ngayinye yazo ifushaniswe, ishiya amahlamvu wokukhula ayi-10-12. Futhi, ungakhohlwa mayelana nokulwa ne-basal amahlumela. Ukugalwa okuqinile kuphela akusikwa, ukuze kuthi kamuva bahle bahlume amagatsha amadala.

Ngemuva kokuba lesi sitshalo sifinyelela eminyakeni engu-15-18 ubudala, kwenziwa izihlahla zokulwa nokuguga ezinamandla. Kushiywe amahlumela we-4-5 wokuqina onezithelo ezinhle kulo nyaka, okusele kunqunyelwa kuze kube sezingeni lokukhula.

Izindlela zokuzala

Abalimi be-Amateur bavame ukusakazisa umvini we-Chinese magnolia ngezindlela zemifino. Ungazama futhi ukukhulisa umvini kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, kodwa kulokhu, ukulondolozwa kwezimpawu zokuhlukahluka komzali akuqinisekisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nqubo ichitha isikhathi.

Ukusakazwa kwemifino

Ekusakazweni kokutshala imifino, kusetshenziswa amahlumela asisekelo, ukusikwa kanye nokubekwa kwezakhi.

1. Njengomthetho, iChinese Schisandra ngobuningi inika amahlumela ase-basal. Le ndlela yokuzala inikezwa yimvelo uqobo. Udinga nje kuphela ukukhipha inhlabathi ngokucophelela, uhlukanise "inzalo" kwisitshalo esidala bese uyitshala ngokushesha endaweni ekhethiwe. Ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, inqubo yenziwa kokubili ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nangemva kokukhula izithelo. Lapho kungafani khona ukuthambile, ukuphela kwesikhathi esifaneleyo ukuqala kuka-Mashi.
   

   Ukusakazwa amahlumela ase-basal - indlela elula yokuthola umvini omusha we-Chinese magnolia

2. Ungasebenzisa ukusikwa kwezimpande. Izimpande zigawulwa zibe yizicucu ubude obungu-10 cm. Ukutshala isitoko kugcinwa izinsuku ezingama-2-3, kusongelwe ngesigaxana esisongwe ngesisombululo sanoma iyiphi i-biostimulant, khona-ke kutshalwe endaweni evulekile noma endaweni ebamba ukushisa ngokuqondile, kugcina ibanga elingaba ngu-10 cm cm phakathi kokusikeka. Umquba obukhulu obuyi-2-3 cm. Ukunakekela ama-cuttings kungokunisela ejwayelekile. Labo labo abazodubula bazodluliselwa endaweni unomphela entwasahlobo elandelayo.
3. Ekusakazeni ngokwendlaleleni, kusetshenziswa kuphela amahlumela aluhlaza angalungisiwe aneminyaka yobudala engama-2-3. Inqubo yenziwa ekwindla. Igatsha likhotheme emhlabathini, lilungiswe ebangeni elingama-20-30 cm ukusuka phezulu, le ndawo imbozwe ngenhlabathi noma inhlabathi evundile, eniselwa kakhulu. Entwasahlobo, kufanele kubekwe indawo entsha. Ngokuwa, izoqina ngokwanele, ingahlukaniswa isitshalo sikamama futhi sidluliselwe endaweni engapheli. Ungaguqa phansi ugcwalise ihlumela lonke ngenhlabathi. Ngemuva kwalokho ngeke anikeze eyodwa, kepha izithombo ezintsha ezingama-5-7. Kepha ngeke babe namandla amakhulu futhi bakhule.
   

   Ukuphinda ukhiqizwe ngezindlela zokwakha - indlela esetshenziselwa hhayi kuphela umvini we-magnolia waseChina, kodwa futhi nezihlahla eziningi zamajikijolo

Ukuhluma kwembewu

Imbewu ye-lemongrass yaseChinese igcina ukukhula kwayo isikhathi esifushane kakhulu, ngokwempela izinyanga ezingama-2-3. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuhlwanyela ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuna. Ekhaya, izithombo azitshalwa, izinto zokutshala zitshalelwe embhedeni ngaphansi kobusika. Zijule ngobukhulu obungu-1.5 cm, kufanele zifafazwe ngeqhwa ngaphezulu, ngokushesha nje lapho ziwela ngokwanele.

Imbewu yeChinese Schisandra ngaphambi kokutshala kumele ihlanzwe kahle nge-pulp futhi yomiswe ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kokubola

Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukuxuba imbewu ye-lemongrass ne-dill. Lesi sakamuva siphakama ngaphambili. Leli qhinga likuvumela ukuthi ungalahlekelwa yindawo yokutshala, futhi kamuva ezitshalweni zakha uhlobo lwe "canopy" lwendalo, olunikeza izithombo ngomthunzi oyingxenye odingekayo kubo.

Ungagcina imbewu kuze kube sentwasahlobo, kepha i-stratification iyimpoqo - ukulingisa kwenkathi ebandayo. Ebusika, imbewu zigcinwa esiqandisini esitsheni esincane esigcwaliswe ngengxube yezikhuhlu nesihlabathi, zigcinwa njalo esimweni esimanzi futhi zihlanzwe kuqala.

Kunenye indlela ethokozisayo yokulungiselela ukufika. Kuze kube maphakathi nobusika, imbewu ayikhishwa ezithelweni. Ngemuva kwalokho bahlanza kahle uginindela, bafakwa esikhwameni selineni noma bhaqwe ngoshizi futhi izinsuku ezingama-3-4 ezibekwe ngaphansi kwamanzi apholile (isitsha sendlu yangasese siyokwenza). Ngemuva kwalokho imbewu esesikhwameni ingcwatshwa esitsheni enesihlabathi esimanzi futhi sigcinwe emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni inyanga yonke. Ngemuva kwalokho, bangcwatshwa cishe inani elifanayo eqhweni.

Ngemuva kokuduka, isikhumba sembewu siqala ukuqhekeka. Ngale ndlela, batshalwe emabhodweni we-peat ngamanye agcwele ingxube ye-humus nesihlabathi esihlanganayo. Izithombo zokuqala kufanele zivele ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-12-15, kepha uma imbewu ibingekho endaweni enomswakama njalo, inqubo ingelula izinyanga ezi-2-2,5. Izithombo azifani ngesilinganiso sokukhula, elula kuphela ama-cm cm angama-7 ngonyaka.

Ukuhlanzeka kuthinta kahle ukuhluma kwembewu

Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa elangeni eliqondile, kugcina inhlabathi isesimweni esimanzi futhi inisela ngezikhathi ezithile ngesisombululo esimpunga se-potanganum permanganate ukuvikela izifo zomkhuhlane.

Amahlumela we-lemongrass waseChinese angalindelwa isikhathi eside ngokwanele, awahluki ngezinga lokukhula

Ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala zikaJuni, izithombo zidluliselwa embhedeni, zishiya okungenani amasentimitha ayi-10 phakathi kwazo. Ehlobo zivikelekile elangeni elishisayo, kanti ebusika zakha indawo yokuhlala ebandayo. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-2-3, izitshalo ezinamandla zingadluliselwa endaweni engapheli.

Izifo ezejwayelekile, izilokazane nokulawula kwazo

ISchisandra chinensis ngokwemvelo ingavikelekile. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-tannins ezicutshini, cishe zonke izinambuzane ziyakudlula. Izithelo zezinyoni nazo azikho ekunambithekeni kwazo. Abafuyi bafundile ukuvikela izitshalo ekubumbeni nokubola. Zonke izinhlobo zesimanje azivame ukuthintwa yilezi zifo. Kodwa-ke, uhlu lwesikhunta luyingozi emasikweni alunqunyelwe kubo. ISchisandra chinensis ingahlaselwa yilezi zifo ezilandelayo:

• I-Fusarium Imvamisa, izitshalo ezincane zingenwa yile fungus. Bayayeka ekukhuleni, amahlumela abe mnyama futhi acothule ngaphandle, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi bese ewa. Izimpande ziba mnyama, ziba mnyama lapho uthinta. Nge-prophylaxis, imbewu itshalwa kusisombululo seTrichodermin imizuzu engu-15 ukuya kwengama-20 ngaphambi kokutshala, bese inhlabathi ithululelwa embhedeni wengadi. Isitshalo esinesifo kufanele sisuswe ngokushesha engadini bese sishiswa, siqede umthombo wokutheleleka. Inhlabathi ekule ndawo iyabulala amagciwane ngokuthela isisombululo esikhanyayo se-pink se-potanganum permanganate;
• i-powdery isikhutha. Amaqabunga, amaqabunga kanye neziqu kumbozwe amachaphaza amhlophe, afana nefulawa efafaziwe. Kancane kancane, iyabonakala futhi ibe nsundu. Izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo zomile futhi ziyafa. Nge-prophylaxis, umvini kanye nenhlabathi engadini kuthulwe ngoshishi ochotshoziwe, umlotha wezinkuni osikiwe, kanye nesibabule se-colloidal kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15. Ukulwa nalesi sifo ekuqaleni, sebenzisa isixazululo somlotha wesoda (i-10-15 g ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi), ezimweni ezinzima, i-fungicides (HOM, Topaz, Skor, Kuprozan);
• indawo yamaqabunga (ascochitosis, ramulariosis). Izindawo ezi-brownish-beige ezinomngcele onsundu onsundu ziyavela emaqabungeni wesimo esingajwayelekile. Kancane kancane, izicubu kulezi zindawo ezivela ngaphakathi zimbozwa amachashazi amnyama amnyama, omile, amafomu ezimbobo. Ukuvimbela, imbewu ifakwe amahora ama-2-3 kusisombululo esikhanyayo se-pink se-potanganum permanganate, i-Alirina-B. Ngemuva kokuthola izimpawu ezethusayo, ngisho namaqabunga athintekile kancane asikwa futhi ashiswe, lesi sitshalo sifafazwa izikhathi ezi-2-2 nge-discval yezinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kwezi-1 nesisombululo se-1% soketshezi lwe-Bordeaux noma i-sulphate yethusi. Kusetshenziswe futhi ama-fungicides emvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo.

Igalari yezithombe: izimpawu zezifo zomvini zase-Chinese magnolia

Kuyadingeka kuphela ukusebenzisa noma yimaphi amakhemikhali ukulwa nezifo njengezinyathelo sokugcina, ngoba zinempahla yokuqongelela kwezicubu zezitshalo. Ukuvikela okungcono ukunakekelwa kwekhono, futhi yilokhu okudingeka sigxile kukho. Izingxenye ezithelelekile zishiswa ngokushesha okukhulu, kunokuba zigcinwe endaweni ethile ekhoneni lesayithi.

Umdiliya we-Chinese magnolia yisitshalo esingagcini ngokuhlobisa ingadi, kodwa futhi sisebenza kakhulu. Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ekutholeni isitshalo samajikijolo amaningi anamavithamini, ama-microelements nama-organic acid. Isitshalo asenzi zidingo ezingejwayelekile zobuchwepheshe bezolimo, siguqula ngempumelelo futhi sithele izithelo ezimeni zezulu zezulu ezahlukahlukene.