I-Jerusalem artichoke, noma uphondo lobumba: isivuno esicebile nesinempilo ngaphandle kwemali

I-Jerusalema artichoke ibizwa ngethanga lobumba, i-artichoke engaphansi komhlaba, impande yelanga, isibani, indawo yokudla, amazambane aseChinese kanye namarabha. Iqhathaniswa namazambane, ama-sunflower ngisho nama-turnips. Izici ezihlukile kanjena zingahlanganiswa kanjani esitshalweni esisodwa? Iyini i-artichoke ye-Jerusalem ngempela futhi ifanela ukunakwa abalimi?

Incazelo yezitshalo

I-Jerusalema artichoke (noma eliphakathi kwethanga) iyi-herbaceous perennial. Ngaphandle, kubukeka njengama-sunflower, hhayi ukuthi igama lawo elisemthethweni iTuberous sunflower. Kepha nezilimo eziyizigaxa ze-Jerusalema artichoke zidliwe. Banenyama ebabayo enoshukela, ekhumbuza ukunambitheka kweklabishi noma i-turnips. Ngaphansi kwesitshalo esisodwa kungaba nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezifika ku-30 zezisindo ezahlukene (ikakhulukazi kusuka ku-30 kuye ku-100 g). Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, zinombala ohlukile - ukusuka kokumhlophe kuya kokubomvu okububende.

Ukuphakama kwezitshalo nakho kungahluka - kusuka ku-0.6 kuya kumamitha ayi-4. Lokhu akuncike kuphela ezinhlotsheni, kepha futhi ezimeni ezikhulayo. Esidlekeni esisodwa, kwakhiwa ama-pubescent aqinile angama-pubescent anezinwele ezimfushane. Izimpande zeJerusalema artichoke zingena zingene emhlabathini, zikwazi ukubekezelela isithwathwa sasebusika kanye nesomiso. Endaweni eyodwa, ithanga lobumba lingakhula amashumi eminyaka ambalwa.

Igalari yezithombe: ukubonakala kwe-Jerusalema artichoke

: Izimbali ze-artichoke zaseJerusalema ziqoqwa kubhasikidi obukhulu obungama-2-10 cm

: I-Jerusalema artichoke ine-petiolate yamazinyo, amaqabunga e-pubescent

: I-artichoke yaseJerusalema ithambekele ekukhuleni okukhazimulayo, ngakho-ke, idinga ukutshala nokulawulwa okujwayelekile

: I-Jerusalema artichoke nezilimo eziyizigaxa zingagcinwa ngqo emhlabathini, zambe lapho kudingeka

Umlando kancane

I-artichoke yase-Jerusalem yaqala uhambo lwayo emhlabeni wonke ukusuka ezwekazini laseNyakatho Melika. Lapha akazange akhule endle kuphela, kodwa futhi wayelinywa ngamaNdiya endawo.

Kukholakala ukuthi lesi sitshalo sathola igama laso egameni lesizwe samaNdiya aseBrazil uTupinamba.

Ngekhulu le-XVII, imifino yafika eNgilandi, yabe isiya naseFrance. Lesi sitshalo sasakazeka ngokushesha kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngenxa yokukhiqiza kwayo kanye nokufinyeleleka kwayo, yayisetshenziswa kabanzi ekuphekeni nasekudleni kwemfuyo. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamazambane, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema yanikezela isikhundla sayo esiholayo, kepha ngekhulu le-19 lama-gourmets lanikeza igagasi elisha lodumo eliphakathi kwethanga.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-artichoke yaseJerusalema

Zonke izingxenye zesitshalo ziyasetshenziswa. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-artichoke zase-Jerusalem zithandwa ekuphekeni: zithosiwe, zomile, zenziwe emakhunjini, zibilisiwe, futhi zongezwa okuluhlaza kumasaladi.

Amafutha e-artichoke aseFrance athosiwe afana namazambane athosiwe

Ukusuka kwimifino enezimpande, amaqabunga nezimbali, ungenza itiye noma izithelo ezidliwayo, futhi eziqubeni zesitshalo unwebeke ujusi omnandi ofana nomswakama.

E-United States, kusetshenziswa iparele lobumba ukwenza isiphuzo sekhofi esifana ne-chicory.

Kwezokwelapha, izithelo zamapheya obumba zisetshenziswa njengendlela yokuqinisa ukungatheleleki, ukusiza ukuguqula amathumbu, kuvuselele ukujikeleza kwegazi, kususe izinto ezinobuthi nosawoti wezinsimbi ezisindayo emzimbeni. I-artichoke yaseJerusalema iyanconywa ngokudla okungenamsoco ezifweni ezifana ne-colitis, pancreatitis, enteritis, isifo sohudo, ukushisa kwenhliziyo.

Imboni yamakhemikhali ikhiqiza izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa i-artichoke e-Jerusalem

I-artichoke yaseJerusalema ihlale niche yayo ku-cosmetology futhi. Inokugcotshwa okuphezulu kwamavithamini, ama-acid anenzuzo kanye nezinto zokulandela umkhondo, yingakho kusetshenziswa njengomkhiqizo wemvelo ophumelelayo wesikhumba nowokunakekela izinwele.

I-shampoo ye-Conditioner ene-Jerusalema artichoke ihlanza izinwele kahle futhi ithuthukise ukubukeka kwayo

Abafuyi bezinyosi bayalazisa leli siko ngenxa yezimbali zabo ezinde. Izilimo eziyizigaxa kanye namakhambi ase-artichoke aseJerusalema angasetjenziswa njengokondla impahla eluhlaza. Isisindo esiluhlaza sesitshalo sakhiwe, ukudla okuhlanganisiwe kwenziwa ngesisekelo saso, futhi sisetshenziselwa ukondla izilwane zasendle emapulazini okuzingela.

Zonke izilwane ezingamhloniphi zidla ngokuzithandela iziqu, amaqabunga, i-artichoke silage, imishanelo eyomile noma eyomile

I-artichoke yaseJerusalema isetshenziswa kakhulu njengento ethandekayo yokwakheka komhlaba. Usebenzisa uthango oluvela kulesi sitshalo, ungagcina isiza esingahloniphi, udale umdwebo ohlotshiswe kahle, omfushane, omude ozovuselela isiza sakho kuze kube yilapho kuneqhwa, uvikele emimoyeni ebandayo yasenyakatho futhi isebenze njengosizo lokutshala izitshalo.

I-art artoke heedge izosiza ekuhlobiseni kahle indawo engabizi futhi engabizi

Izinzuzo kanye nokulimala kwe Jerusalema artichoke

Ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kwe-artichoke yaseJerusalem kuhlotshaniswa nokwakhiwa kwawo kwamakhemikhali abalulekile. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zalesi sihlahla ziqukethe izinto ezahlukahlukene: amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, i-fiber enempilo, isitashi, amavithamini, ama-macro- nama-microelements, inani elincane lamafutha nezinto zomlotha.

Izimpande zezingcambu zingalimaza abantu ngokungabekezeleli komuntu ngamunye, futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwesilonda se-peptic, ngokuvinjwa kwamathumbu kanye ne-flatulence. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi namuhla izakhiwo eziwusizo nezilimazayo zemifino aziqondakali ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke, umphumela omkhulu ungatholakala ngokusebenzisa iparele lobumba endaweni yokudla eyondlayo.

Ividiyo: izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-Jerusalema artichoke

Izinhlobo nezinhlobo

Emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-300 kanye nzalo ka pearl yobumba. Zinezimpawu eziningi zemvelo ezifanayo, kepha ziyehlukahluka kulezi zikhundla ezilandelayo:

umkhiqizo;
isisindo semvelo eluhlaza;
ukuhlobisa;
umbala nokunambitheka kwezilimo eziyizigaxa.

Izinhlobonhlobo maqondana nenqwaba yezilimo eziyizigaxa enanini lesisindo esiluhlaza zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu ama-3:

i-tuberous, lapho isisindo sezitshalo zezimpande cishe singama-45% wezitshalo zonke;
isalage. Ziphethwe yisisindo sokutshala, okucishe kube ngama-70%;
i-tuber-silage, nesivuno esihle sezilimo zezimpande nosizi oluhlaza.

Inkinga enkulu abafuyi abazama ukuyixazulula kungukutshala izinhlobo ngezinhlobo zezitshalo eziyimpande ezingachitheli ekujuleni nasekubangeni futhi zingaphenduki i-artichoke yaseJewuda ibe ukhula olungapheli. Ngokusebenza ngezinhlobonhlobo zokuphakelayo, bazama ukufinyelela ubukhulu obukhulu besiqu futhi, ngenxa yalokho, bakhulisa isivuno sosizi oluhlaza lwesitshalo.

Ososayensi bawela i-artichoke yaseJerusson ngojongilanga futhi bakha isitshalo esisha, esasibizwa ngokuthi yi-topis sunflower.

Izici zokudla eziphakeme kakhulu, ukukhiqizwa okuhle nokungabekezeleleki kwenza ubhekilanga ungaphindeki ekwakhekeni kwesisekelo sokuphakelwa emapulazini ase-amateur

Irejista Yombuso Yenzalo Evunyiweyo Yenzelwe Ukusetshenziswa eRussia ifaka izinhlobo ezi-5 zalesi sitshalo.

Ithebula: Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-artichoke zaseJerusalema

Igama lebanga	Isimo se-Bush	Isimo seTuber	Isikhathi sokuvula	Isivuno esiluhlaza	Isivuno seTuber
Isithakazelo	Inamandla, iqondile, ihlumela eliphakathi nendawo, linobisi obufushane.	Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezimhlophe ezinesikhumba esibushelelezi namehlo ajwayelekile aphakathi nendawo.	Ukuvuthwa sekwephuzile	cishe 430 kg / ha	ezingaphezu kwama-260 kg / ha
Omhlophe omhlophe	Isiqu esikhulu sinobude obuphakathi (1.9-2.3 m) nobukhulu obulinganiselekile, asibuyi kahle ngohlobo lwezinwele eziqinile, futhi sinezimpawu eziphakathi nendawo.	Okumhlophe, okuyindilinga, okuphakathi ngosayizi, okunesisindo esingama-50 g.	Isizini ephakathi	n / a	cishe ama-430 kg / ha; cishe i-1,2 kg / isihlahla
Pasko	Usayizi ophakathi nendawo (0.9-1.5 m), unesihlahla esikhulu kakhulu.	Okumhlophe, okusaqanda, okunesisindo kufika ku-80 g.	Ukuvuthwa sekwephuzile	I-350 c / ha	300 c / ha
Ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi	Isiqu sakhiwe kahle, siluhlaza ngokufafaza nge-anthocyanin.	Mhlophe, uzungezwe yisikhumba esibushelelezi.	Ekuseni	268 kg / ha	250 c / ha
Ilanga	Isiqu esinamagatsha anamandla afinyelela ku-2 m.	Okumhlophe okusaqanda okusaqanda, okunesisindo kufika ku-60 g.	Isizini ephakathi	315 kg / ha	408 kg / ha

Igalari yezithombe: Izinhlobo ze-artichoke zaseJerusalema zikhule eRussia

: I-Jerusalema artichoke Inzalo iyanconywa ukuthi itshalwe ezindaweni eziseningizimu yezwe

: Izinhlobo ezimhlophe ze-Omsk zilungele ukutshalwa kabanzi

: UPasko ubhekisela ezinhlotsheni ezinamashubhu amaningi

: Izinhlobonhlobo zeSkorospelka zilungele ukucubungula ngomakhenikha futhi zinconyelwe ukutshala ezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo

: I-Jerusalema artichoke inesivuno esikhulu - ngaphezu kwama-400 kg / ha

Kunzima ukuthola izinto ezihlukile ze-articoke zaseJerusalem, ngakho-ke, abalimi bavame ukuhlanganyela ngezinto zokutshala komunye nomunye, ngakho-ke, basabalalisa izitshalo ze-bessorti zasendaweni.

Ukuzalelwa kwe-artichoke kweJerusalema

I-art artoke ingasakazeka ngezindlela eziningi. Eyokuqala i-vegetative, okusho ukuthi, ukusakazwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa noma izingxenye zazo. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle futhi esiningi, kufanele usebenzise izinto zokutshala ezinempilo eziphakathi nendawo.

Ngokutshala, kukhethwe nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane ngisho nezilingana nobukhulu beqanda lezinkukhu

Uma kunesidingo, ukwahlukaniswa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kusikwa ukuze esigabeni ngasinye kwakukhona okungenani amaphuzu amabili okukhula. Ukuhlukaniswa kweTuber kungenzeka kuphela lapho utshala isitshalo entwasahlobo. Lapho ukutshala ekwindla, ukusika izinto zokutshala akunconywa.

Ngokuntuleka kokutshala, ungasebenzisa amehlo wesitshalo, kusuka lapho izithombo zikhule ngaphambilini.

Indlela yembewu yokuzala nayo iyasetshenziswa, noma kunjalo inenkimbinkimbi futhi ithatha izinhlungu, idinga ulwazi oluthile nokulungiswa, ngakho-ke akuvamile ukusetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho utshala imbewu ngesitshalo, kufanele ulinde isikhathi eside. Ngonyaka wokuqala, isitshalo esiphansi sizokhiqiza izimbotshana ezincane, ezimbalwa kuphela, ngonyaka wesibili kuphela lapho zizokhula ziqine futhi zizokwazi ukujabulisa isivuno.

Enkabeni yeRussia kanye nezindawo ezisenyakatho, imbewu yaseJalimane i-artichoke ayivuthi

Imbewu yaseJapan artichoke itshalwe kahle ezimbizeni futhi ikhule ngonyaka wokuqala, njengezithombo. Entwasahlobo, kubekwa izimbotshana ezincane bese zidluliselwa emhlabathini.

I-Amateur imbewu ekusakazeni isiko isetshenziswa ekutshaleni izinhlobo ezintsha, imbewu yazo engathengwa online

Ukufika kwangaphandle

I-artichoke yaseJerusalema ayilandeleki, inamandla amakhulu okukhula. Lesi yisiko lesikhathi eside, kodwa ukuthola izitshalo ezisezingeni eliphakeme lezimpande, kungcono ukuzikhulisa njengonyaka.

Isikhathi sokufika

Emhlabathini ovulekile, isiko lingatshalwa ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Ukufika ngaphambi kobusika kwenziwa emavikini ambalwa ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwesimo sezulu esibandayo esibandayo, kodwa kungakapheli iminyaka eyishumi yokugcina ka-Okthoba. Ngokutshala kwentwasahlobo, udinga ukulinda ukufudumala okwanele kwenhlabathi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.

Uma kunamagundane amaningi noma imvukuzane esizeni ethanda ukudla i-Jerusalema artichoke, khona-ke kungcono ukutshala entwasahlobo ukuze izinambuzane zingalimazi ama-tubers phakathi nobusika.

Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi nokutshala izinto

Isitshalo asikhethi mayelana nokubunjwa nenani lomsoco lomhlabathi. Izwa imnandi cishe kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi ngaphandle kwesisindo esiningi kakhulu nosawoti omningi. Izimo ezingathandeki zesiko ziyindawo enezikhukhula. Lapha izimpande zingabola.

Isakhiwo silungiselelwe kusengaphambili. Kufanele kuthengwe ogwini lwefosholo, kuvalwe ngezinto eziphilayo (okungenani amabhakede ayi-0,5 m²) I-art artoke iyanconywa ukuthi itshalwe ngemuva kwamakhambi waminyaka yonke, amazambane, ukhukhamba, iklabishi, okusanhlamvu nemidumba. Izandulelo ezimbi azikherothi nojongilanga. Banazo izilokazane nezifo ezifanayo ngethanga lobumba.

Lapho uhlela isiza, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele ubude besitshalo hhayi ukusibeka eduze kwezinye izilimo zasengadini. Umakhelwane onjalo ungathinta kabi ezinye izitshalo: I-artichoke yaseJerusalema izobasibekela. Kude nebanga elanele ukusuka emasimini aseJerusalema artichoke, ungatshala imifino, u-anyanisi, isitshalo seqanda, isithombo, iklabishi. Umakhelwane namatamatisi, amazambane, i-parsley kanye no-celery akunasidingo. Isitshalo sikhula kahle ekukhanyeni okuhle, kuvame ukubekezelela ukutshala komthunzi okuyingxenye.

Indawo enhle yokukhulisa ubhekeni lobumba kusethangeni, ngasohlangothini lwamanzi.

Isitshalo eside esiqhakaza izimbali ngeke sigcine nje ukuvala uthango olubabazekayo, kepha sizonikeza isivuno esiwusizo, ngeke sisithele ezinye izilimo zasensimini, kuzoba lula ukusibopha ezintabeni kocingo

Izinto zembewu nazo kufanele zilungiselelwe kusengaphambili.

Khetha nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinempilo. Kufanele zibe maphakathi ngosayizi, kungabikho zimpawu zomonakalo noma izifo.
Ama-tubers anamaqanda amancane enkukhu akhethwa ukuthi atshalwe
Uma ama-tubers egobile kancanyana noma omisiwe, athululelwa ngamanzi afudumele futhi afakwe emanzini isikhashana (cishe imizuzu eyi-10).
Ukuqeda isibulala magciwane, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zithathwa kwisisombululo esinsundu esimnyama se-potanganum permanganate.
2 amahora ngaphambi kokutshala, kunconywa ukufafaza izilimo eziyizigaxa ngesisombululo se-biostimulator yokukhula (ngokwesibonelo, i-Epin-extra) noma ukutholele amahora amaningi kusisombululo seZircon. Ukuphathwa okunjalo kusebenze imisebenzi yokuvikela yesitshalo, kwandisa ukungagcineki kwayo nokulungela ukusebenzisana nendawo enolaka, kusheshisa ukukhula kwamahlumela.

Ungatshala kanjani i-artichoke yaseJerusalema

Ukufakelwa okwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

Imisele enobunzulu obungu-15 cm yenziwa egandeni elilungiselelwe. Isikhala somugqa kufanele okungenani sibe ngu-70 cm.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa zibekwa ezitolo ezicijile ibanga elingama-40 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye.
Lapho utshala, kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo, ngoba i-topinambyp isengozini enkulu yokulimala nokhula kwayo.
Inhlabathi ixubene nokudla kwamathambo kanti ama-grooves ambozwe ngale ngxube, akha umgodi omncane wokufika ngaphezulu kwawo.
Amabhuloho aniselwa kakhulu.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-artichoke kwaseJerusalema

Ukunakekela i-artichoke yaseJerusalema kuyinto ejwayelekile ngokuphelele:

izithombo ziyahlolwa futhi zinciphile, njengoba nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane zikhula emasimini agqinsiwe;
ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokukhula, ukhula luyasuswa eduze kwezitshalo futhi inhlabathi ithukululwe;
lapho izithombo zikhuphuka ngo-25-30 cm, kunconywa ukuzikhafulela futhi uqhubeke ukukwenza lokhu ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukutshala kusiza ukwanisa izimpande nge-oxygen, ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni yezitshalo nasekuvuneni okuhle esikhathini esizayo;
I-Hooke yase-Jerusalem artichoke inikeza isivuno esingcono
ukuze uthole nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezengeziwe futhi wandise isisindo sazo ngo-Agasti, kunconywa ukunciphisa eminye imifino nezimbali. Ungazikhawulela ngokususa ama-buds. Kulokhu, isihlahla siyoyeka ukuchitha izakhi zomzimba ngezimbali futhi sizonikeza wonke amandla aso ekwakhekeni kwama-rhizomes amakhulu futhi anempilo.

Ukunisela

I-Jerusalem artichoke isho izitshalo ezinesistimu enamandla yezimpande futhi incike kancane ekushintshashintsheni nasekuvuleni kwemvula. Ikhula kahle futhi ithela izithelo ngaphandle kokunisela okwengeziwe futhi inganelisa kuphela ngomswakama wemvula. Uma kutholakala, ukuthambisa kungahlelwa kuphela ngezikhathi zesomiso esinzima. Kulokhu, kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-10, amabhakede wamanzi ayi-1.5 athululelwa ngaphansi kwesitshalo esidala. Emazingeni okushisa komoya angaphansi kuka-15^mayelanaNgokunisela i-artichoke yaseJerusalema akunconywa.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

I-art artoke yaseJerusalem ayinasidingo esikhulu sokugqoka okuphezulu kokungeziwe. Kodwa ukuze uthole isivuno esihle sama-rhizomes noma amadwala amahle okufika, sicebise inhlabathi futhi unikeze izitshalo okunomsoco owengeziwe.

Ithebula: kunconywa ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-artichoke yaseJerusalema

Isikhathi	Umanyolo	Isimo nendlela yokusebenzisa
Lapho ulungiselela isiza	Umquba ngaphezulu noma i-humus	5 kg / 1 m²
Ngemuva kokuhluma	Umlotha wezinkuni	Zalisa uthuli
Isikhathi sokulanda	Ukufakwa okuluhlaza kwe-nettle noma i-dandelion	Okungenani amalitha ama-5 ngesitshalo esidala
Ngokukhula kahle kwesiko	I-Nitrogen-phosphorus mineral complex (Ammophos)	Ngokusho kwemiyalo
Uma isiko belilokhu likhula endaweni eyodwa iminyaka eminingana	I-Peat, umlotha wezinkuni nomquba obolile	Ukutshala okuxubile ngenhlanganisela yentwasahlobo nokwindla

Amabheji garter

Izitshalo ze-artichoke zase-Adult, ezifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1 noma ngaphezulu, zivame ukuboshelwa ukuze iziqu zesitshalo zingahlushwa umoya, zazibukeka zihle kakhulu futhi zibumbene esizeni. Uma unezihlahla eziningana ze-artichoke ezikhulayo zaseJerusalema, ungazibopha ngokwahlukana. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isigxobo esime mpo siboshwe eduze kwesitshalo ngasinye futhi iziqu ziboshwe kuso ngocingo noma ngentambo ethambile, okungcono ezindaweni eziningana.

Ngokufika okukhulu, kungenzeka ukuhlela ukwesekwa kokuthunyelwe okuthe mpo ngocingo, insimbi noma umgwaqo owenziwe ngokhuni.

Ukuze uhlunge i-artichoke yaseJerusalema, ungasebenzisa izisekelo ezenzelwe ukulungele izihlahla zezithelo

Khula i-artichoke esekhaya

Uma ufisa noma kunesidingo, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema ingatshalwa ekhaya. Faka ebhokisini elikhulu noma ebhodweni. Ngokutshala isitshalo esisodwa, kuyadingeka ukwengeza ithangi elinobubanzi obungu-40 cm kanye nobubanzi obufanayo. Ukuhamba ngezinyawo kungokulandelayo:

Ngaphansi kwebhokisi kwakubekwe udaka lwezitini ezaphukile, amatshe ayigugu. Ungasebenzisa isihlabathi.
Ukuntuleka kwamanzi okuhlanganiswe nokunisela okungafanele kuyimbangela evame kakhulu yezifo ze-artichoke yaseJerusalema ezitshalwe ekhaya
Ingqimba (cishe 10 cm) yomhlaba ovundile ithululelwa ngaphezulu kwephayiphu. Uma uthatha inhlabathi engadini, engeza i-humus nesihlabathi kuyo. Ungathenga enhlabathini ekhethekile yesitolo sezithombo ezikhulayo noma imbali.
Ibhusha lifakwa emhlabathini futhi liniselwa ngamanzi.
Ngemuva kwalokho, ishubhu embozwe ungqimba lomhlaba amasentimitha ayi-10.
Ibhokisi libekwa endaweni efudumele, inhlabathi iniselwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Lapho nje kuvela izithombo, ziqala ukufafaza inhlabathi ethangini ukuze cishe u-10 cm wesitshalo ube ngaphezu kobuso. Ukugcwaliswa kwenziwa kuze kube yilapho ithangi ligcwele ngokuphelele.

Uma inhlabathi ivundiswe kahle, khona-ke akukho okugqokayo okuphezulu okudingekayo. Kuzoba nesidingo sokunisela ngezikhathi ezithile amanzi futhi ukhulule umhlaba kancane. Manje kusale kuphela ukulinda ukuvuthwa kwesilimo.

Ngokunjalo, ungatshala i-artichoke i-Jerusalem emgqonyeni noma kwesinye isitsha bese uyibeka obala. Kulokhu, akudingeki ukhathazeke ngeqiniso lokuthi isitshalo sizonqoba insimu enkulu.

Izifo kanye nezinambuzane esibonakaliswa i-Jerusalema artichoke

Umhlaba weparele - isitshalo esinamandla, esibonakaliswa ukumelana ngokuphelele nezifo. Kepha ngaphansi kwezimo zesimo sezulu esibi kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwenqwaba ye-pathogen, i-artichoke yaseJalimane ingagula ngokubola okumhlophe, i-powdery hlobo kanye ne-alternariosis. Izinambuzane eziyingozi zesiko ngama-slugs, ibhere, kanye nezibungu ze-May mabhungane kanye nama-nutcrackers.

Ithebula: Izifo ze-artichoke zaseJerusalema

Igama lesifo	Izimpawu	Izimbangela kanye nemibandela yokwakhiwa kwalesi sifo	Izindlela zokuvimbela nokwelashwa
Ukubola okumhlophe	isikhunta, wezwa enamathela esiqwini; ukufa kwesithombo; iziqu zezitshalo zabantu abadala ziyaqhekeka.	Ukushisa okuphansi okunomswakama ophezulu.	shabalalisa izitshalo ezinesifo; bhekisisa ubuchwepheshe bezolimo; Musa ukutshala i-Jerusalem artichoke ngemuva kokugcotshwa kwelanga.
I-Alternariosis	amabala asondele emithanjeni yeqabunga; yomisa i-petioles kanye namaqabunga.	Isimo sezulu esishisayo nemvula enkulu namazolo.	Ukwelashwa ngeBravo, Abiga-peak (ngokwemiyalo).
I-Powdery hlobo	I-plaque emhlophe ngaphezulu kwepuleti leshidi.	ushintsho olungazelelwe lokushisa kanye nomswakama; nitrogen eyeqile.	Ukwelashwa nge-fungicides Topaz, Kepha, iTopsin (ngokwemiyalo).

Igalari yezithombe: Izifo ze-artichoke zaseJerusalema

: I-Alternariosis ingathinta zonke izingxenye zomhlaba zesitshalo

: I-Powdery mildew ivame ukuthinta isitshalo engxenyeni yesibili yokukhula

: Ngokubola okumhlophe, iziqu ezinesifo zimbozwa ngeziqalo ezivela ngaphakathi bese ziqhekeka

Ithebula: Izinambuzane zaseJerusalem artichoke nezindlela zokubhekana nazo

Inambuzane	Ubungozi obunjani	Izindlela Zokulawula Nokuvimbela
Slug	Ukubhubhisa amaqabunga, amahlumela, ukuqhakaza kwesitshalo.	ukhula okufika ngesikhathi kanye nokuncipha kokwehla; ukuheha kwezinyoni ngokulawulwa kwezinambuzane zemvelo; ukufakwa kwezingqinamba ezisebenza ngomshini wezinambuzane (izindlela zamatshe amancane, ama-egghells, izingcezu zamagobolondo) nezicupho ezikhethekile; uma ungahlaselwa ngobuningi - ukwelashwa ngeThunder (ngokwemiyalo).
I-Medvedka	Ukubhubhisa izithombo, kulimaze imbewu.	ukumba okujulile kwenhlabathi; ukuthulula ngamanzi ajwayelekile (i-10 g yensipho yokuwasha kanye no-50 g wefulawa yokuwasha ngo-10 l wamanzi) noma ngenhlanganisela yamanzi neparafini (100 g nge-10 l lamanzi); ukubeka izicupho: amathini wamanzi oju noma amazambane aluhlaza; kuhlwanyelwa endaweni yezitshalo ukuthi ibhere ayikubekezeleli: ama-marigolds, coriander.
Chafer	izibungu zilimaza izimpande zesitshalo, ngemuva kwalokho i-artichoke iqala ukubuna ngaphandle kwesizathu; ibhungane elidala lidla amaqabunga kanye namahlumela amancane.	ukulima ngokuphelele; ukuqoqwa kwemibhalo yezandla; ukuheha indawo yezitha zemvelo zezinyoni: izinyoni nezinye izinyoni ezingavikeleki; ukucutshungulwa komqhele kanye nezihlahla zomqhele ngamalungiselelo wamakhemikhali we-Aktara, Decis, Profi (ngokwemiyalo).
I-Wireworm (Nutcracker Beetle Larva)	Ukulimaza Iziqu ezincane kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa ze-Jerusalema artichoke. Izitshalo ezithintekile zisele ngemuva ekukhuleni, umkhiqizo wazo uyancipha. Ngeminyakazo eyenziwe, amagciwane angena esithelweni sezimpande, abangele ukutheleleka ngegciwane kanye namagciwane.	ukuhambisana kokujikeleza kwezitshalo; ukumba okujulile kwenhlabathi; ukususwa kwezinsalela zezitshalo endaweni; Ukhula ngesikhathi lapho utshala, engeza i-anyanisi ikhasi noma i-mustard powder emithonjeni; ukuchelela ngesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate ngaphansi kwempande (2 g nge-10 l lamanzi); ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nge-Decis, Karate, Actellik, Fastak (ngokwemiyalo).

Igalari yezithombe: Izinambuzane zaseJerusalem artichoke

: Ukuqhekeka kusuka kwesinye isitshalo kuye kwesinye, ama-slugs anegalelo ekusakazweni kwezifo ezahlukahlukene zokukhunta kanye namagciwane phakathi kwezilimo

: Izibungu zeMaybug zihlala phansi emhlabathini, futhi ungazibona kuphela ngokumba inhlabathi

: IMedvedka ithanda izindawo lapho umhlabathi umswakama impela futhi ucebile ngezinto eziphilayo.

: Ama-Wireworms alimaza izimpande, amahlumela amasha, isiqu

Ukuvuna nokugcina

Ukuvuthwa ama-tubers we-artichoke aseJerusalema kudinga isikhathi esiningi - izinyanga ezi-4. Ukuhlanza ngaphambi kweshedyuli akunangqondo: bayoba bancane, banganambitha. Engxenyeni yokuqala yekwindla kuphela isigaba esibalulekile esivela empilweni yesitshalo: ama-juices aqala ukufuduka esuka esiqwini esiya empandeni, isitshalo sezimpande sithola i-juiciness nobumnandi. Isikhathi sokuvuna esifanelekile yingxenye yesibili ka-Okthoba. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungakwazi ukumba hhayi wonke isivuno, kepha okuningi njengoba udla ebusika.

Iqiniso ngukuthi nezilimo eziyizigaxa zisinda ngokuphelele esikhathini esibandayo emhlabathini. Ngisho nesithwathwa kuya ku-40^mayelanaUnaye akukubi. Isilinganiso esidingeka kakhulu isitshalo ukuze kube nobusika obuphumelelayo ukusika kweziqu nesembozo esincanyana sendawo eneqhwa noma ungqimba olungeziwe lomhlaba.

Kunzima ukugcina isitshalo se-artichoke saseJerusalema isikhathi eside ngenxa yesikhumba esincanyana sama-tubers

Entwasahlobo, lapho nje inhlabathi ibuna, ungaqala isigaba sesibili sokuvuna. Esikhathini sokuntuleka kwamavithamini entwasahlobo, izimpande ezilusizo nezinempilo zizosiza kakhulu. I-artichoke yaseJerusalema, ebusika engadini, ithamba, ithambile futhi imnandi ngaphezu komlingani wayo wasekwindla.

Inkinga enkulu lapho ushiya i-Jerusalema artichoke ebusika emhlabathini amagundane namagundane ahlala emhlabathini. Zingadala umonakalo omkhulu kuma-nezilimo eziyizigaxa futhi zikushiye ngaphandle kwengxenye yentwasahlobo yesilimo.

I-Jerusalema artichoke nezilimo eziyizigaxa zimba njengamazambane: ngefosholo noma i-pitchfork

Bemba izimbila ezomile bese zihlanganiswa. Ezinkulu kakhulu futhi ezinoshukela kakhulu ziyabekwa, kanti ezincane ziyomiswa, zisetshenziselwa ukuqandisa kanye nokwenza umsebenzi owenziwe ekhaya.

Ukulungiselela ithanga kanye ne-Jerusalema artichoke imizuzu emihlanu udinga ukuthatha i-1 kg ithanga, 1 kg ye-artichoke yaseJerusalema, 1 ulamula kanye nenkomishi eyodwa kashukela

I-articoke yaseNew York ingagcinwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

emahlombe omhlabathi;
emseleni wobumba owakhiwe ngamagatsha wefir. I-Jerusalema artichoke ibekwe ezitsheni ezincane, ezibekwe phansi komsele olungiselelwe. Ngemuva kwalokho zimbozwe ngomhlaba futhi zimbozwe ngamagatsha e-fir spruce, hay noma ngezinto zokuphahla;
egumbini elingaphansi noma esisele. Ama-artichok ase-Jerusalema abekwa emabhokisini enkuni, afafazwe ngesihlabathi noma abekwe nge-moss. Uma izimo zokushisa zibonwa (1-4^mayelanaC) nomswakama womoya (hhayi ophakeme kunama-90%), nezilimo eziyizigaxa zizovikeleka ekumeni nasekubeni;
kuvulandi noma kwi-loggia. Lapha nezilimo eziyizigaxa nazo zigcinwa ezitsheni ngesihlabathi. Izitshalo ezenziwa impande azesabi ukuqanda okuncane futhi zizokwazi ukugcina izimfanelo zazo ezinomsoco nezentengiso ezinyangeni ezi-2;
ebhokisini lemifino esiqandisini. Izilimo eziyizimpande ezihlanziwe futhi zisatshalaliswa ezikhwameni ezifakwe uphawu zingagcinwa esiqandisini amaviki ayi-2.

Ividiyo: ungayikhulisa kanjani i-artichoke ye-Jerusalem nokuthi isebenza kanjani

Ukubuyekezwa kwabatshali bemifino

Ngithanda i-artichoke yaseJerusalema. Tshala umhlobiso nokudla. Njengasemaceleni ezicijile - ngoJulayi udonga luphakama, futhi uma luvundiswa - ihlathi!
gorlov
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/99554/

I-artichoke yami yaseJerusalema ikhula eceleni komngcele. Ama-3 ku-1: uthango, amashubhu odliwayo nezibumba ngenqwaba yomquba. Ingqwele engazihluphi.
I-Zyf76
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/99554/page-3

Ngempela, i-artikoke (noma iparele lobumba) kungcono ukungafaki konke. Ibekezelela iqhwa kahle. Akuwona wonke umuntu owazi izakhiwo zalo ezizuzisayo. Futhi ungumsizi wokuqala kwabanesifo sikashukela, ususa ushukela emzimbeni. Kwi-grater nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezimbalwa ezincane nesaladi nsuku zonke umuthi omuhle kakhulu!
Albertik01
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/99554/page-4

I-artichoke yaseJerusalema isitshalo esiyingqayizivele. Ingasetshenziswa ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokuchitha. Izimbali zisetshenziselwa ukwenza itiye. Utshani bungabhulwa futhi buthathwe buthwe; busiza nge-osteochondrosis nokubekwa kukasawoti. Ama-tubers aphansi amazinga kashukela kushukela. Into embi ukuthi nezilimo eziyizigaxa azigcinwa kahle, zilahlekelwe umswakama ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, ingxenye yezilimo eziyizigaxa kumele yimbiwe ekwindla, futhi ingxenye yentwasahlobo. Entwasahlobo avele acole kakhulu. Ukuze i-artichoke yaseJerusalema ingakhuli, udinga ukuyitshala njengamazambane entwasahlobo, yambe noma uyithele ekwindla. Ngoba isitshalo mude, ungasitshala njengethango, kangcono ohlangothini olusenyakatho. Ngiyazi ukuthi ikhofi yenziwa i-artichoke yaseJerusalema, kepha angizange ngiyizame, siyidla ngamasaladi, siyifaka emalungiselelweni, kanye ne-stew ngeminye imifino.
ptat2007
//indasad.ru/forum/62-ogorod/1485-topinambur-na-ogorode?start=10

Futhi ngithanda ukunambitheka kwakhe impela. Okusha nokunoshukela. Kuliqiniso, kungakhathalekile ukuthi kuzwakala kuyinqaba kanjani, ngincamela ukuyithenga futhi angifuni ukuyitshala. Lapho nje sesisilimile, saqeda lesi simila ngobunzima obukhulu. Ngibhekane naye iminyaka eminingana. Akuzange kusebenze ukuzimba ngokuphelele. Kubonakala sengathi ekwindla wonke umuntu wayegubha futhi ekhetha, futhi ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema yaqala ukungena ezweni ngenkani.

irin_z
//indasad.ru/forum/62-ogorod/1485-topinambur-na-ogorode?start=10

I-artichoke ye-Delicoke nenempilo ingatshalwa ngaphandle kwezindleko eziningi kanye nomzamo. Tshala i-artichoke ye-Jerusalem futhi ungakwazi ukujabulela ukunambitheka okuthokozisayo, uqinise ukungatheleleki kwakho, sicela abathandekayo bakho ngama-chip kanye nama-dessert alesi sitshalo esimangalisayo.