Utamatisi esakhiweni sawo uqobo, uma isimo sezulu sivumela, atshalwa cishe wonke umlimi. Kepha kuvame ukuthi kube nzima ukukhetha uhlobo noma i-hybrid ethile ngaphandle kokudideka ezinhlotsheni zezinhlobo ezifuywa abafuyi. Iningi lamatamatisi lisesigabeni se-indeterminate, okungukuthi, alilinganiselwe ekukhuleni. Zinezinzuzo ezithile, kepha azinazo izingqinamba. Kungakuhle ukuthi uzijwayeze ngalezi zimpawu kusengaphambili ukuze ukukhetha ukwazi.
Gxila utamatisi ezinhlobonhlobo - kuyini?
Isici esiyinhloko esihlukanisa utamatisi ongaphakathi kanye nakulokho okucashile ukukhula kwesiqu kuyo yonke inkathi yemifino esebenzayo. Uma kutshalwa esimweni sezulu esifanelekile isitshalo, ingakwazi ukukhuphuka kuze kube ku-4 m ukuphakama, ngaphansi kwezimo ezingaphansi kwesimo esifanele, ubude bayo bufika kumamitha ayi-2 futhi kubonakaliswa ngokuba khona kohlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe olunamandla nokwakhiwa okusebenzayo kwesisindo esiluhlaza. Ngaphezulu kwesiqu iphuzu lokukhula, hhayi ibhulashi lembali, Ngakho-ke, lapho ifinyelela ukuphakama okufisayo, ivame ukukhiwa, inciphise ukukhula okunye.
Isici esiyinhloko samatamatisi angenakuphela ukukhula kwesiqu okungenamkhawulo
Isikhathi eside sokwenza izithelo sibuye sivele kubo. Uma utshala izinhlobo ezinjalo ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ezifudumele, izitshalo ziletha izitshalo unyaka wonke nangaphezulu, zakha amabhulashi angama-40-50 ngalesi sikhathi (futhi lokhu akuyona umkhawulo!).
Utamatisi we-Indeterminate uvuthwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30- 35 kunalezo ezichazayo. Ngokufanelekile, izinhlobo ezinjalo zilungele kakhulu izifunda zaseningizimu ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo. Lapho zingatshalwa zombili emhlabathini ovulekile nasesivaliwe. Maphakathi neRussia, kungakuhle ukuhlakulela lezi zinhlobo ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, futhi ezifundeni lapho ihlobo lifushane kakhulu futhi lipholile, ungazitshaleli nhlobo.
Amabhulashi wezithelo kumatamatisi angenayo yonke indawo akhiwa kanye nobude besiqu, ngokulandelana, lokhu kunomthelela omuhle ekukhiqizeni
Ungahlukanisa utamatisi ongakuqhakaza nalawo anqunyelweyo kakade esiteji sokukhula kwesithombo:
- lapho izithombo zohlobo lwe-indeterminate "ziqonda ngqo", kubonakale idolo eliqhamukayo le-cotyledonous (indawo engezansi kwamaqabunga e-cotyledonous, kwesinye isikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi idolo elingaphansi) - ifinyelela ku-3-5 cm esikhundleni se-1-3 cm. Okulandelayo, lapho isitshalo sikhula, ifomu lokugcina lamabhulashi elisezingeni lika-9-12. Ishidi -thidi, isikhawu phakathi kwabo amashidi ama-3 noma ngaphezulu;
- ezinhlotsheni ezinqumayo, izithelo ziqala ukwakheka, ibanga phakathi kwazo lincane. Kwesinye isikhathi kwakhiwa imabhulashi eminingana ngasikhathi sinye ekwakhekeni kwesinye seqabunga.
Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo ethandwayo, akuwona wonke utamatisi angaphakathi amade, futhi utamatisi ocacile uyamangala. Ezimweni eziningi lokhu kuyiqiniso, kepha kukhona okuhlukile. Kukhona nzalo ekhanyayo enesiqu esifinyelela ekuphakameni okungamamitha ayi-2, kanye nezinhlobo ezisezingeni eliphansi ezingabekwa njengejwayelekile. Utamatisi ojwayelekile ubonakala ngokuvela kwesiqu esinamandla kakhulu. Zombili izinhlobo ezinqumayo nezingenayo zingaba nalesi sici. Kepha uma "isiqu" sokuqala singabekezelela ubunzima besilimo, esesibili sisadinga ukwesekwa.
Ividiyo: Izinhlobo ezinqabayo nezingafakwanga utamatisi - uyini umehluko?
Izinzuzo kanye nobubi bezinhlobonhlobo zangaphakathi
Njenganoma yisiphi isitshalo, utamatisi ophakathi nendawo unezinzuzo nezinzuzo.
Izinzuzo
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zivezwa isikhathi eside sokuzala futhi, ngenxa yalokho, umkhiqizo ophakeme (isilinganiso sezithelo zazo cishe silinganiselwa ku-14-17 kg / m²). Utamatisi endaweni evulekile uyaqhubeka uvuthwe kuze kube yilapho kuphela isithwathwa sokuqala, ezindlini zokugcina izithombo - kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba noma kuze kube ngu-Okthoba. Isipiliyoni sabalimi sibonisa ukuthi kusuka emahlaulwini ayi-10 ezinhlobonhlobo futhi inzalo ezingaphezulu kathathu kungasuswa kunezithelo ezingama-20 zamatamatisi achazayo.
Ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthena okunekhono, amabhushi athatha isikhala esincane. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nezinhlobo ezinqumayo, azilungele ukukhula esikhaleni noma ekhaya.
Izitshalo ezingagcwele kakhulu emabhulashini wezithelo zinokungavikeleki okungcono kune-utamatisi ocacayo, zivame ukuhlaselwa izifo zokukhunta, ngaphandle kokuthi zivikela izakhi zofuzo. Futhi futhi azinandaba kangako nezimo ezikhulayo - azinaki kakhulu ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa, isomiso noma ubuningi bezulu, ukushisa.
Okubi
Utamatisi we-Indeterminate nawo unezinkinga. Umgcini wegadi onekhono uzodingeka kusuka kumgcini wegadi kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula, ikakhulukazi maqondana nokwakheka kwezitshalo. Amabhishi amade kufanele aboshwe kulo lonke ubude besiqu. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, kuzodingeka i-trellis noma olunye uhlobo lokusekelwa. Izitshalo zidinga ukuhlinzeka ngokukhanyayo nokukhanya okuhle.
Uma izihlahla zikatamatisi zangaphakathi zingaboshelwe kusekela, awukwazi ukubheka isivuno esikhulu - izithelo azinakho ukushisa okukhanyayo nokukhanya
Ukuvunwa kuvuthwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunezinhlobo ezinqumayo, inyanga noma ngaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ukunquma ukutshala izinhlobo ezinjalo noma nzalo endaweni evulekile, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka isimo sezulu esifundeni bese ukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zangaphakathi kungaphawulwa:
- I-Alcor F1 - ivuthwa ngosuku lwe-106 kusuka ekuhlolweni;
- U-Andrei F1 - uvuthwa ngosuku lwe-95 kusuka ekuhlolweni;
- UDiana F1 - uvuthwa ngosuku lwe-90-100th kusuka ekuhlolweni.
I-Andryushka evuthiwe engaphakathi enyangeni, evuthwa ngosuku lwe-95 kusuka ekuhlumeni, ilungele izifunda ezinehlobo elifushane
Uma ihlobo ngokuya ngesimo sezulu lingaphumeleli, awukwazi ukulinda ukuvuna nakancane.
Ama-nuances wokunakekela isivuno
Utamatisi we-Indeterminate udinga indlela ethile yokubekwa ku-greenhouse nokunakekelwa okungapheli.
Indawo endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma engadini
Ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu kumatamatisi angaphakathi ngeke kwenzeke uma ungakheki isihlahla phakathi nenkathi yonke. Uma unaka kakhulu izihlahla, ungonga kakhulu isikhala ku-greenhouse ngokutshala isitshalo esisodwa ngisho ne-30 cm². Kodwa-ke, kunconywa ukuthi ama-bush ahlinzekwe indawo enkulu yokudla.
Kulula kakhulu ukuzibeka ephethini le-Checkerboard, emigqeni emibili. Ibanga elifanele phakathi kwamatamatisi lingu-45-50 cm, ukuhlukaniswa komugqa kungama-65-75 cm. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinezihlahla ezinamandla ikakhulukazi - izihlahla okuthiwa zamatamatisi, noma utamatisi ojwayelekile. Kulokhu, isikhathi esiphakathi kwezitshalo okungenani singama-80-90 cm, naphakathi kwemigqa - 1-1.2 m.
Lapho utshala utamatisi ojwayelekile, isikhathi esiphakathi kwezitshalo okungenani singama-80-90 cm
Ukuphakama kohlaza okushisa lapho amahlahla atshalwe khona kufanele okungenani kube ngamamitha ayi-2. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izitshalo zizoba zigcwala nje ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokukhula, zona, ezizophazamisa umkhiqizo.
Lapho efika kubude obungu-45-50 cm, izihlahla ziqala ukubopha. Ukusekelwa kufanele kube namandla ngokwanele futhi kulungiswe ngokuphephile, ngoba isisindo sesilimo sibaluleke impela. Akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa ucingo oluncanyana noma i-twine uma ubopha - iziqu zinqunywa noma zigxunyekwe.
Ukususa izingane zokutholwa
Kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula, utamatisi ohlala njalo, njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-12, amahlumela akhula kuma-axils amaqabunga - ama-stepons ayasuswa. Uma bengakafinyeleli kubude obuyi-5-7 cm, bangavele baphulwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, zisikwa ngesikhafu esicijile eduze kwephuzu lokukhula ngangokunokwenzeka. Le yinqubo ebophekile, uma kungenjalo, abamba ukushisa kuzoba ngokushesha okuthile okufana nokungena emahlathini, futhi izithelo ezimbalwa kakhulu zizokhula ezihlahleni "ezilayishwe" ngenqwaba eluhlaza - zimane nje zingabi nokudla okwenele.
Utamatisi wokutholwa - ihlumela elalakheka esakhiweni seqabunga
Ukwakhiwa kwe-Bush
Ukuqalwa kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- esihlangeni esisodwa;
- izinyathelo.
Indlela elula yokwenza isihlahla ikulesiqu esisodwa. Kunje:
- susa njalo zonke izitebhisi ezivelayo kanye namahlumela aseceleni, kusale kuphela “isiqu” esiphakathi namabhulashi ezithelo;
- nquma wonke amaqabunga akhiwe ngaphansi kweqembu lokuqala lamatamatisi. Kepha akufanele ube nentshiseko ngalokhu - okungenani amashidi amathathu akhishwa ngasikhathi;
- lapho ikhule endaweni evulekile ekugcineni kukaJulayi noma engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Agasti (kuye ngesimo sezulu esifundeni), nciza isiqu ukuze utamatisi osuvele usakhekile unesikhathi sokuvuthwa kube yiqhwa.
Lapho yakheka kahle kusiqu esisodwa, utamatisi athatha isikhala esincane
Abalimi abanolwazi baphinde balule uma ususa ama-inflorescence okuqala ukuze ususe amabhulashi amabili aphansi kakhulu. Ukuzilolonga kukhombisa ukuthi utamatisi wezinhlobo eziningi uvuthwa kubo isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngokuwasusa ngesikhathi, ungangezelela inani lamaqanda esithelo bese usheshise inqubo yokuvuthwa kwamatamatisi akhiwe ngaphezu kwesiqu.
Ukwakheka kwesinyathelo okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Kwenziwa ngale ndlela:
- Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, ihlumela eliyinhloko lishintshwa kaningi yindodana eseceleni. Isikhathi sokuqala ukuthi indodana yokutholwa ishiywe esifubeni seqabunga lesine noma lesihlanu, ikhetha eyodwa ekhule kakhulu.
- Lapho nje izithelo ziboshelwe ohlangothini oluyimpuphu, cindezela isiqu esikhulu, ushiye amaqabunga angama-2-3 ngaphezulu kwebhulashi lokugcina.
- Ngemuva kwalokhu, indodana yokutholwa iqala ukuhola njengokuphunyuka okuyiyona.
- Uma efika ophahleni lohlaza abamba ukushisa, endaweni ethile engxenyeni yesithathu yesisekelo sakhe, ungonga omunye umzali ngokunamathisela ihlumela “lomama” elisha futhi.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwakha utamatisi ongangenisi ngaphakathi: esiqwini esisodwa naseziqu ezimbili
Ukwakha utamatisi sibe isiqu esisodwa kulula kakhulu, kepha ukuthenwa kwesinyathelo kungakhuphula kakhulu umkhiqizo futhi kwandise isikhathi sokuzala.
Ividiyo: Ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla samatamatisi angaphakathi
Noma yikuphi ukulimala kwemishini "yisango" lazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo. Ukunciphisa ubungozi bokutheleleka, kungakuhle ukuthi wenze inqubo ekuseni kakhulu futhi ushiye “izinqu” ezincane ezingama-2-3 mm ukuphakama, ezinesikhathi sokomisa ngosuku. Onke amathuluzi asetshenzisiwe kanye "namanxeba" kumele agezwe nge-1% potanganum permanganate solution noma esinye isibulala magciwane. Uma amaqabunga nama-stepons ephuke izandla, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze kungalimazi isikhumba esiqwini. Amahlumela aseceleni aqonde kakhulu eceleni, amapuleti amaqabunga - phansi.
Faka izinhlobo zamatamatisi
Izinhlobonhlobo kanye nzalo ka utamatisi ongenayo imvelo zikhona eziningi. Ezinye zazo sezivele zivivinyiwe yisikhathi nangezizukulwane eziningana zabalimi. Njalo ekuvuleleni okuvulekile kukhona futhi izinhlobo ezintsha. Onke anezinzuzo ezithile, kepha awekho ngaphandle kwezingqinamba. Ngokunjalo-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi uzijwayeze nencazelo kusengaphambili ukuze kungabikhona isimanga ngesikhathi sokutshala.
Okomhlaba ovaliwe
Ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, utamatisi ophakathi nendawo uvame ukutshalwa enkabeni yeRussia, kanye nase-Urals, eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi unikeze izimo zokushisa ezidingekayo. Akumele sikhohlwe ukuthi igumbi kuzofanele lingene lomoya, umoya omswakama oswakeme kakhulu yi-microclimate efanelekayo ekuthuthukiseni izifo eziningi.
Ingelosi F1
Enye yez nzalo ezifuywayo ezintsha. Akukho mingcele esifundeni esikhulayo kubhaliso Lombuso Lokuzala Lokufezekisa kweRussia Federation. Ngokuvuthwa kokuvuthwa, okuvuthiwe, ngokuqokwa kwezithelo - isaladi. Ukuvuna kuvuthwa ngezinsuku ezingama-95- 60.
Izithelo cishe ziyindilinga, zihlala zijamo. Isisindo esijwayelekile singama-150-170 g. I-peel ibomvu ngokufana; akukho ngisho nebala eliphuzi eliwolintshi elijwayelekile kwezinye izinhlobo zesigaxa. I-pulp iminyene, kodwa inoshukela. Ukukhiqiza muhle kakhulu - kuze kufike ku-19.9 kg / m².
Utamatisi i-Angel F1 - izithelo ezinhle kakhulu, ezihlukaniswa ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu
I-hybrid ibonakala ngokuba khona kokungazeleleki kwe-fusarium ne-verticillosis, kepha kuvame ukuthinteka ekubunjweni kwe-vertex.
Diana F1
Enye i-Russian hybrid ekubhalisweni kweMibuso Yezwe Yenzalo Yezwe laseRussia - kusukela ngo-2010. Kufanelekile ukulinyelwa kunoma yisiphi isifunda lapho ingadi ingenzeka khona. Ukuvuna kuvuthwa kusenesikhathi, ngezinsuku ezingama-90-100. Amabhasi anamandla impela, kepha awakwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi ngamaqabunga angenamahloni.
Izithelo ziyindilinga noma zithambile kancane, zinezimbambo ezimbalwa ezivele ziveze esiqwini, zobukhulu obuphakathi, zinesisindo esingama-g. Lokhu kuholela ekuthwalekeni okuhle kakhulu. Ukunambitheka kuhle kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokuhamba kahle, utamatisi Diana F1 akafunwa kuphela abalimi abangama-amateur, kodwa nabalimi abangochwepheshe
Umkhiqizo awukwazi ukubizwa ngerekhodi eliphezulu - yi-17.9 kg / m².
I-Icarus F1
I-Hybrid yokuvuthwa okuphakathi. Ukuvunwa kungasuswa ezinsukwini ezingama-98-110 ngemuva kwezithombo zokuqala. Irejista Yezwe Yenzalo Yokuzala Yezwe laseRussia ibonwa njengefanele ukulinyelwa kulo lonke elaseRussia Federation. Ine-immune engaphakathi ku-fusarium kanye negciwane lika-ugwayi. Kwezinye izifo ezijwayelekile zesiko, akuvamile ukuba kuhlupheke. Futhi i-hybrid ibekezelela i-vagaries yesimo sezulu - isomiso, ukugcwala kwamanzi, amazinga okushisa aphansi. Azikho izinyathelo eziningi kakhulu esihlahleni.
Izithelo zithotshwe kalula kamuva, zifana nezinqwaba, ngesikhumba esiminyene. Noma utamatisi ovuthwe ngokuphelele, ibala eliluhlaza okotshani okhanyayo lihlala ngaphansi kwesiqu. Isisindo sezithelo - i-130-150 g. I-pulp inempilo kakhulu, imbewu embalwa.
Izinyathelo ezisebhusheni yezinhlobo zamatamatisi I-Icarus F1 ayakhiwe kakhulu
Inhloso yendawo yonke - utamatisi ulungele ukusetshenziswa okusha, kanye nokuwafaka kwasekhaya, kufaka phakathi izithelo zonke. Isivuno sezinhlobonhlobo ezisezingeni eliphansi impela siphansi - i-10-12 kg / m², kepha ukunambitheka kuhamba kahle kakhulu.
Belfast F1
I-hybrid ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke evela eNetherlands. Ungene kwiRegistry Yombuso Wokuzala Yezwe laseRussia ngo-2014. Ngokuvuthwa kokuvuthwa: ukuvuthwa kokuqala: isivuno sivunwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-90-100 ngemuva kokukhula noma izinsuku ezingama-55-60 ngemuva kokudlulisela izithombo endaweni engapheli.
Isitshalo sinamandla, kepha isilinganiso sinamaqabunga. Ukuphakama kwawo kukhawulelwe ezingeni le-1.5-2 m. Izithelo zokuqala ezisezandleni eziphansi zivuthwa ngokushesha okukhulu, okungajwayelekile ezinhlotsheni ezingafakwanga. Amakati awavikelekile ku-cladosporiosis, fusarium, verticillosis, igciwane le-mosaic kagwayi, kepha i-hybrid, zonke izinhlobo zamathumbu zinothando olukhethekile.
Utamatisi ekwakhekeni kwesitsha esijwayelekile. Izimbambo zesithungo zicishe zingabonakali. I-pulp ayiyona iminyene ikakhulukazi, kepha sibonga isikhumba esinolaka, i-hybrid iyaphawuleka ngekhwalithi enhle yokugcina, ibekezelela ukuthutha kahle. Izithelo azivamile ukuqhekeka. Ukuba khona kwamakhamera amaningi kuyisici. Isisindo esijwayelekile se-fetus singama-208 g, izinhlobonhlobo ezithile zifinyelela ku-300 g.
Utamatisi i-Belfast F1, ithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, ngokushesha yathandana nabalimi baseRussia
Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu - 26.2 kg / m². Le nkomba inethonya elincane esimweni sezulu, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa eliphansi nokuntuleka kokukhanya.
Ishadi le-F1
Enye yezinto ezintsha zokukhetha, i-hybrid efuthwe eNetherlands. Ngezinsuku zokuvuthwa kubhekiswa ekuvuthweni kokuqala: izithelo zisuswa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-100- 105. Ukukhiqiza - kuze kufike ku-4.5 kg ngesitshalo ngasinye.
Izithelo zesakhiwo esifanelekile esiyindilinga, izimbambo azihlali zivela, noma kunjalo zingabonakala kuphela esiqwini. Utamatisi owodwa unesisindo esingama-180-230 g. Ukunambitheka kuhle kakhulu, kune-acidity evuselelayo kancane. Isici ukungabikhona ngokuphelele kwezithelo ezingezona ezentengiso, izinga lokwenqatshwa liyi-0.5% kuphela.
Umdwebo we-Tom1 F1 cishe ubukeka ubukeka kakhulu, iphesenti lezithelo "eziphansi" lincane
Amabhasi angabonakala ngamaqabunga amade ngokuhlaza aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izinhlobonhlobo azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi zinamandla; i-internode for utetermrate utamatisi imfushane ngokungajwayelekile.Ukusuka kwabadali, lezi zitshalo zathola ukungatheleleki egciwane lika-ugwayi, ukhunta obangela amabala ansundu. Kakhulu kuyaqabukela, bathinteka yi-verticillosis, fusarium, ukubola kwezimpande.
Ividiyo: yini utamatisi obukeka njengoMdwebo F1
I-Pink Paradise F1
I-hybrid isuka eFrance; yafakwa kwiRegional State of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation ngonyaka we-2007. Ngezinsuku zokuvuthwa kubhekisele maphakathi nesizini. Izithelo ngezinsuku eziyi-110-120 ngemuva kokuhluma noma ezinsukwini ezingama-70-75 emva kokufakelwa. Ungathembela ku-3.9 kg wezithelo ezihlahleni. Kuboniswa ukuba khona kokungavikeleki kwe-verticillosis, fusarium, igciwane le-mosaic kagwayi.
Utamatisi uthotshisiwe, ubunjiwe kancane. Isikhumba sicwebezelayo, sipinki esikhanyayo. I-pulp iminyene kakhulu, inokuqukethwe okunoshukela omningi, imbewu ekuyo icishe ingabonakali. Isisindo esijwayelekile sezithelo singama-125-140 g, amasampula ngamanye afinyelela ku-200 g. Ukunambitheka kuhle kakhulu - ukuhlukahluka kusuka esigabeni sokumnandi. Kodwa-ke, cishe wonke utamatisi wepinki uhlukaniswa izimfanelo zokunambitheka eziphawuleka.
Utamatisi Pink Paradise F1, njengawo wonke utamatisi opinki, unambitheka omuhle kakhulu
Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kucishe kube yi-2 m, kunamaqabunga anamahlamvu, kufanele unake njalo ukuthungwa. Kwesinye isikhathi kwakheka iziqu ezimbili - izithelo zokuqala kuleli cala kuzodingeka zilinde izinsuku eziyi-12-16, kepha isivuno sizokhula. I-hybrid ibekezelela ukwehla kwesikhashana kwesikhashana kokushisa nokuhluka kwayo kahle. Izithelo zibonakaliswa yi-transportability enhle kakhulu kanye nekhwalithi yokugcina, cishe aziqhekeki, yize isikhumba sinciphile, sibuthaka. Kufanelekile ukwenza ijusi namazambane acubuziwe - kuphuma umthunzi omnyama kakhulu, ongejwayelekile.
Ividiyo: Pink Paradise F1 Utamatisi weHybrid Incazelo
Shannon F1
Enye i-hybrid edumile yaseDashi. Abalimi baseRussia bahlangana naye ngo-2003. Irejista Yezwe Yenzalo Yokuzala Yezwe laseRussia ayinikeli izincomo mayelana nesifunda okulinywayo, kodwa ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi isebenza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni ezifudumele zaseningizimu. I-Hybrid yokuvuthwa okuphakathi. Ukuvuna kuvuthwa ngezinsuku ezingama-98-110.
Izithelo zincane impela, zinesisindo esingu-107 g, amasampula ngamanye - i-160-180 g, ezandleni zazo izingcezu ezi-6 - 8. Ukwakheka kujwayelekile, kuyindilinga. Izimbambo zicishe zingabonakali. Izici zokunambitha utamatisi ezivuthiwe zihamba phambili. Impilo yeshelf nayo ibuye ibe mihle kakhulu, ngisho nasezingeni lokushisa lasekamelweni izithelo zilele okungenani amasonto amathathu.
Utamatisi we-Shannon F1 eRussia atshalwe kangcono ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele sezulu esishisayo
Izinhlobonhlobo zingokwesigaba se-indeterminate, kepha ibhulashi lesithelo sokuqala lakhiwa liphansi, kakade ngaphezulu kweqabunga lesikhombisa. I-hybrid ibekezelela ukushisa nesomiso kahle, ingavikeleki ku-verticillosis, fusarium, amabala ansundu, igciwane le-mosaic.
UCherokee
Izinhlobonhlobo zivela e-United States, ekhaya - enye evame kakhulu. Wazalwa emuva ngekhulu le-19. Kuyaziswa ngesivuno sakhona esiphakeme, ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuba khona kokungavikeleki okuhle kakhulu (kepha kungenakuphelele) ezifweni ezijwayelekile zesiko. Ngokusho kwezinsuku zokuvuthwa, kungokwabephakathi ekuqaleni kwezinsuku; kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-110 kuya kwezingu-15 ukuvuna isivuno. Ungathembela ku-4 kg ukusuka esihlahleni.
Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kuvame ukukhawulelwa ku-1,2-2 m, kukwenze kaningi kuzinga ezi-2-3. Kwisitjalo ngasinye, kufinyelela ku-8 amabhulashi ezithelo avuthiwe, kuzo isilinganiso samatamatisi ayi-10, esesimweni esifana nenhliziyo. Umbala wazo awujwayelekile kakhulu: ngaphezu kombala ojwayelekile obomvu okhanyayo, ukuba khona kwe-subton - ophuzi, onsomi, i-violet, noshokholethi - kubuye kube nesimilo. Kwesinye isikhathi ayiveli kuwo wonke umhlaba we-fetus, kepha njengezindawo ezihlukile zesimo esingajwayelekile.
Izithelo zingamakamelo amaningi, isisindo esijwayelekile singama-250 g, kepha ngokuya ngezimo ezikhulayo zingahluka kusuka ku-150 g kuya ku-500 g. Ipulpiti elinamanzi kakhulu, elinomhluzi, elimnandi, elinephunga elingajwayelekile le "smoky". I-peel icishe ingaqhekeki.
Utamatisi weCherokee ubukeka ungajwayelekile, kepha lokhu akuzange kusabise izizukulwane eziningana zal abalimi
Ngomhlaba ovulekile
Lapho ukhula emhlabathini ovulekile utamatisi ongenamakhaza nakanjani uzodinga ukuxhaswa - i-trellis noma i-mesh. Iziqu kuzofanele zihlanganiswe kuyo kulo lonke ubude. Endaweni evulekile, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingatshalwa kuphela lapho isimo sezulu sokutshala ingadi singaphezulu noma singafaneleki, okusho ukuthi, ezindaweni ezinehlobo impela nelifudumele.
I-Watermelon
Ukufezekiswa kwabafuyi bezindawo baseRussia kuRejista Yombuso Yokuzala Ukufezekiswa KweRussian Federation - kusukela ngo-2004. Izinhlobonhlobo ezivela esigabeni esiphakathi ekuqaleni: isivuno sivuthwa ngezinsuku ezingama-107-113. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla ngaphandle kokuncipha kudlula amamitha ayi-2. Izitshalo zivame ukuthintwa yi-blight sekwephuzile.
Izithelo zithambile, isikhumba isicwebezelisiwe, sibushelelezi. Utamatisi cishe unombala owodwa. Ijamo liyindilinga, kube nokugqabhuka okukhulunywayo e-peduncle. Ukukhiqiza akukubi - 4.2-5.6 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye. Isisindo esijwayelekile sikatamatisi singama-98-104 g, ngobuchwepheshe obusezingeni elifanele kwezolimo sifinyelela ku-550 g. Isikhumba sincanyana kakhulu, izithelo zivame ukuqhekeka. Impilo yeshalofu nokutholakala kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene kuphansi.
Utamatisi ongavuthiwe ufana nekhabe
Igama lezinhlobonhlobo libangelwa uhlobo lwezithelo inqubo yokuvuthwa. Ngaphezu kwendawo evamile emnyama eluhlaza esikhungweni sombala wesaladi, imicu emide emfushane yomthunzi ofanayo nayo ibonakala kahle. Kumatamatisi avuthiwe, aguqula umbala abe ngezitini noma obomvu ngombala obomvu, ukumiswa kwephimbo elifanayo kuyabonakala kucezwana epulpiti.
Ikhadinali
Izinhlobonhlobo zibhalwe kuRegista Yombuso Yokuzala Yezwe laseRussia iminyaka engama-20. Ngezinsuku zokuvuthwa, kungokwesikhathi esiphakathi nendawo: isivuno sivunwa ezinsukwini ezingama-120 ngemuva kokuqhuma. Izinhlobonhlobo zenani lazo ngenxa yokumelana kwazo kakhulu nokulimaza sekwephuzile nokukhiqiza okuphezulu, okuthinteka kancanyana ekufakweni kwesimo sezulu. A tUkuhluma kwembewu enhle kakhulu, kufaka phakathi nembewu yokuzitholela, nayo iyaphawulwa.
Izithelo zenzelwe ukwakheka kwenhliziyo, izimbambo zibonakala ngokucacile ku-peduncle, i-5-7 esandleni ngasinye. Phezulu - "ekhaleni" eliyisimilo. Isikhumba siphuzi futhi siyipele, i-matte. Isisindo esiphakathi utamatisi singama-440 g, izithelo zokuqala kakhulu zithola isisindo esifinyelela ku-850 g.I pulp inoshukela omningi kakhulu, imnandi, ine-acidity encane. Isikhumba simanzi, kepha asiqinisi. Ukukhiqiza - 7.2-8.4 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye futhi cishe yi-16 kg / m².
Utamatisi Cardinal uvuna kahle izilimo noma ngabe umnikazi wegadi unenhlanhla kangakanani nesimo sezulu ehlobo
Kungokwesigaba se-semi-determinant, kepha kuyahlukahluka ekukhuleni kwe-stem okungenamkhawulo. Ibhulashi lezithelo zokuqala lakhiwa ngaphezu kwesiqalo sesishiyagalombili kuya kwesishiyagalolunye, okulandelayo ngokuphumula kwamaqabunga ama-1-2. Isihlahla asizimisele ngokukhethekile ukugatsha, amahlamvu abuthakathaka. Kunconywa ukumisa ukukhula kwawo lapho kufinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-2.
Ividiyo: Utamatisi wekhadinali
Uju lusindisiwe
Izinhlobonhlobo ezidumile phakathi kwabalimi baseRussia. Kwirejista yoMbuso yokufeza okufuywayo kweRussian Federation kusukela ngo-2006. Kwenziwe ngaphandle kwemikhawulo mayelana nesifunda sokutshala. Ngezinsuku zokuvuthwa, zingezokuvuthwa okuphakathi: izithelo zokuqala zisuswa ezinsukwini eziyi-110 kuya kwezingu-15 ngemuva kokuvela. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyanambitheka ngokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu nangokungazinikeli kwayo ezimweni ezikhulayo. Amabhasi abekezelela kahle ukushisa nesomiso. Ukuphakama kwabo, njengomthetho, kukhawulelwe ezingeni le-1.5-1.8 m. Ukuba khona kokumelana okuphezulu kokulimala sekwephuzile, ukubola grey, kanye negciwane le-mosaic kuyinto ehlukile.
Isimo sezithelo siyehluka kusuka esivamile futhi siyindilinga size sakhiwe ngezinso futhi sakhiwe ngenhliziyo, isikhumba sibushelelezi, sicwebezelayo. Utamatisi ovuthiwe upendiwe ngombala omuhle we-orange noma we-amber-uju. Kwesinye isikhathi, lapho ilanga lehlele phezu kwabo, kuvela umbala opinki. Inyama inoshukela, inomusa omkhulu, inoshukela, inephunga elicashile nephunga loju oluncane. Ukulondolozwa, lezi zithelo azifanele. Imbewu imbalwa kakhulu. Isisindo esijwayelekile se-fetus yi-160-220 g.
Utamatisi Uju usindisiwe - enye yezinhlobo zezithelo eziphuzi ezithandwa kakhulu eRussia
Ukukhiqiza kufinyelela ku-5.6 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye, kepha kuphela uma utshala enhlabathini evundile efanelekile. Izithelo aziqhekeki, zinenkani enhle kakhulu nokuthwala.
Njengamanye utamatisi ophuzi, lokhu kuhluka kubalwa ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-beta-carotene ne-lycopene, kubangela ukungalwi kakhulu kaningi kune-“classic” utamatisi obomvu. Izithelo ezinjalo zingangeniswa ekudleni kwezingane.
Ividiyo: ukubuyekezwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezidumile zamatamatisi Uju olusindisiwe
Crab yaseJapan
Yize igama lelo, izinhlobonhlobo zazibhunyelwe eSiberia futhi zihambisana nezimo zezulu zalesi sifunda, yize irejista Yezwe Yokungenelwa Kokukhethwa KweRussian Federation inganikeli eminye imikhawulo kulokhu. Ngezinsuku zokuvuthwa kubhekisele maphakathi nesizini. ESiberia uyakwazi ukuphatha isivuno noma ngabe utshala imbewu endaweni evulekile. Izinhlobonhlobo zinokungavikeleki kwe "innate" ezimpandeni nasezenzakalweni zokubola, igciwane le-mosaic kagwayi. Kunconywa ukwakha amahlahla esiqu esisodwa noma ezimbili, uzikhwebule lapho ufinyelela ukuphakama okuyi-1.5 m. Indodana yabo yokutholwa isebenza kakhulu.
Izithelo zithotshiswe kahle, ngezimbambo ezikhulunywayo. Isikhumba siminyene, kepha asixineki, sibomvu-bomvu noma sasingatha, isiqu sihlala siyindawo emnyama. I-pulp iminyene, inamanzi kakhulu, icishe ayinawo ujusi, nephunga elishiwoyo. Izithelo zilungele ukwenza i-ketchup noma unamathisele, ngoba isikhathi eside zigcina ukubukeka okukhangayo kumasaladi. Isisindo esijwayelekile sotamatisi owodwa singama-250-350 g, amakhophi ngamanye afinyelela isisindo sama-900 g.
Utamatisi Crab waseJapan uhlelwe ngokukhethekile ukuthi ulinywe eSiberia
Ukukhiqiza - kuze kufike ku-15 kg / m² kanye ne-5-6 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye.
I-De barao
Izinhlobonhlobo ezifuywayo eBrazil. Ungene kwiRussian Rejista Yezinto Ezivunayo zase-Russian ngonyaka we-2000. Ingatshalwa kunoma yisiphi isifunda esifanele ingadi. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla ngaphandle kokuncipha kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-4. Ngezinsuku zokuvuthwa kubhekisele ekuvuthweni sekwephuzile. Isikhathi sokukhiqiza izithelo sithatha izinyanga ezintathu, siqala izinsuku ezingama-115 kuya ku-55 ngemuva kokuvela. Ngokufanelekile, kunconyelwa ukutshala la matamatisi ngesonto nesigamu ngaphambili kunezinye izinhlobo.
Utamatisi "we-classic" uDe Barao waba "ngumzali" weqembu lonke lezinhlobonhlobo
Izitshalo azinawo amandla okulimaza sekwephuzile emazingeni ezakhi zofuzo; azivamile ukuhlaselwa ezinye izifo. Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu kakhulu noma ngabe kukhule endaweni evulekile (25 kg / m² noma ngaphezulu), futhi ku-greenhouse lesi sikhombisi sikhuphukela kuma-40 kg / m². Ngasikhathi sinye, abalimi abanolwazi babona ukuthi lapho betshala ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zamatamatisi, kuncipha kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zibekezelela ukushisa nokubanda, kanye nokuswela ukukhanya.
Ngokusekelwe kutamatisi obomvu we- "classic" uDe Barao, uchungechunge lonke lwezinhlobo lwalunikwa. Manje eRussia ungathola igolide likaDe Barao (elithela kakhulu - lifinyelela ku-7 kg wezithelo esihlahleni), i-orange (enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-carotenoids), opinki (ongatheli kakhulu izithelo, kepha okumnandi kakhulu), omnyama (onepulangwe eliminyene kakhulu, cishe ukungabi bikho ngokuphelele kwembewu futhi ujusi) nobukhosi. Lesi sakamuva siyindaba entsha yokuzalanisa; muva nje kufakwe kwiRegista Yombuso Yokuzala Yezwe laseRussia. Ihlukaniswa ngokuthuthuka okuthuthukile, kuthela izithelo kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile.
Izithelo zandisiwe, zinjenge-plum-like, ezandleni zazo u-8-9 izingcezu. I-pulp iminyene kakhulu, inomzimba. Isisindo siyahluka kusuka ku-30- 40 kuye ku-100 g. Utamatisi ulungele ukuwafaka ekhaya. Amabhange awapheki, gcina ukuma nokugqama kombala. Kepha ukuconsela ujusi kubo ngeke kusebenze.
Ividiyo: Utamatisi kaDe Barao
Isimangaliso somhlaba
Kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Wonder of the World." Wafakwa Kwirejista Yombuso Yokuzala Yezwekazi laseRussia ngonyaka we-2006, akukho mingcele maqondana nendawo yokutshala ekhonjisiwe. Ukuvuthwa kokuvuthwa kuphakathi. Ukukhiqiza akukubi - 13.9 kg / m². Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamamitha ayi-2 noma ngaphezulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zibonisa "i-plastiki" ethile, ukuzivumelanisa ngempumelelo nezimo zezimo zezulu ezifanele. Lawa matamatisi aqhekeka kakhulu.
Izithelo ziyindilinga noma zilawulwa, ngezimbambo ezikhulunywe kancane. Isikhumba i-crimson hue ejulile. Amaphesenti aphansi kakhulu wezithelo ezingezona ezingathengiseki zinobuntu - akukho ngaphezu kwe-2%. Isisindo esijwayelekile sikatamatisi ngama-380 g, amakhophi ngamanye - aze afike ku-700 g. Izingcezu ezi-5-6 zakhiwa ngebhulashi, isihlahla esisodwa sinikeza amaqoqo angama-8-10. Uginindela ubumbene, unothambile impela, unyibilika ngokoqobo emlonyeni, u-grainy usikiwe, ufana nekhabe.
Utamatisi Isimangaliso somhlaba sivumelanisa ngempumelelo nezimo zezulu zezulu
"Umgcini wamarekhodi" ubhaliswe ngokusemthethweni - i-Tomato Miracle of the Earth enesisindo esingu-1200 g. Ukukhulisa isithelo esinjalo, ebhulashi eliphansi kakhulu udinga ukususa zonke izimbali, kusale eyodwa kuphela. Zonke izinhlamvu ezakha izimbali ziyasuswa, isitshalo siniselwa kahle, futhi umanyolo senziwa ngesikhathi. Ibhulashi elilodwa kufanele liboshwe ngokusekelwa.
Izinhlobonhlobo zilungele ukusetshenziswa okusha, ukugcina ikhwalithi ephansi kakhulu. Lamatamatisi nawo alungile emalungiselelweni, alungele ukulungiswa kokunameka kwetamatisi, amajusi.
Ividiyo: utamatisi ongenakubekelwa phansi osimangaliso wosumhlaba
Isivunguvungu
Izinhlobonhlobo zibhalwe kuRejista Yombuso Yokuzalela Okufezekisiwe kweRussian Federation kusukela ngonyaka we-1997; kunconywa ukulinywa esifundeni iBlack Sea. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izindawo, isebenza kahle, ikakhulukazi enkabeni yeRussia. Ukuvuna kuvuthwa ngezinsuku ezingama-99-117 ngemuva kokuqubuka - lo utamatisi ubhekwa kusenesikhathi. Ine-immune "immune" ku-cladosporiosis, alternariosis, kanye negciwane lika-ugwayi. Akuphoqeleli izidingo ezikhulayo kukhwalithi yensiza engaphansi komhlaba.
Izithelo zefomu elifanele, cishe ziyindilinga noma zithambile kancane. Isisindo esijwayelekile singama-34-57 g. Utamatisi wokuqala kubhulashi ophansi kakhulu ungafinyelela isisindo esingama-80-100 g. Ukunambitheka kuhle kakhulu, kumnandi. Benza ujusi omuhle. Izithelo azikwazi ukuziqhayisa ngokuphila isikhathi eside nokuhambisa. Uginindela uvulekile, ngakho-ke lapho uthosiwe, utamatisi uvame ukuphenduka ube yi-gruel engathandeki.
Utamatisi wesivunguvungu unezithelo ezivamile, ezicishe ziyindilinga noma ezicwecisiwe
Lesi sitshalo esinesiqu esinamandla kakhulu, esivamile. Amandla okugatsha namaqabunga aphakathi nendawo. Lapho wakheka ngeziqu eziningana, kuyadingeka ukubopha amahlumela aseceleni - athambile impela. Ukuphakama kwesiqu, njengomthetho, kukhawulelwe ezingeni le-1.8-2.2 m. Ibhrashi lezithelo zokuqala lakhiwa liphansi, ngaphezulu kweqabunga le-6-7th. Isivuno esiphelele singama-16-18 kg / m² noma ama-4-6 kg esihlahleni ngasinye.
Cio Cio San
Isebenza kahle ngokulinganayo lapho ukutshala konke emhlabathini ovulekile nakuma greenhouse. Irejista Yezwe Yenzalo Yokuzala Yezwe laseRussia (lapho kubhaliswe khona kusukela ngo-1999) ayinikezi izincomo mayelana nesifunda esilinywayo. Ngokusho kwezinsuku zokuvuthwa, kungokwabaphakathi ekuqaleni: isivuno sesivuthiwe ngezinsuku eziyi-110-120 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvela kwezithombo. Ungaqiniseka cishe ngama-4-6 kg esihlahleni ngasinye.
Izithelo zi-ovoid noma zibunjiwe iplamu, zibushelelezi, ngaphandle kokugqabuka. I-pulp iminyene, kodwa inoshukela. Isikhumba sibomvu obomvu. Isisindo esiphakathi utamatisi singama-35- 40 g. Ukwakheka kwebhulashi kuhlukile - yinde kakhulu futhi inamahlamvu, kuze kufinyelele izithelo ezingama-50 ezinobukhulu obunye egatsheni ngalinye. Ukunambitheka kuhamba kahle kakhulu ngendlela entsha futhi ekheniwe.
Utamatisi Chio-Cio-San ngesikhathi sezithelo kulula ukukhomba ngokubukeka okuxubekile ngebhulashi
Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kuyelulekwa ukuthi kubekwe umkhawulo ezingeni lamamitha ayi-2. Izitshalo azifani ngokuqondile ekuqineni okukhulu kwamahlamvu kanye namahlamvu aminyene, noma kunjalo, umuntu ngeke akhohlwe ngokusekelwa. Utamatisi awahluphi ngokulimala sekwephuzile, abadali baphinde balivikela negciwane lika-ugwayi.
Iqembu elingangeneki lifaka izinhlobo ezimbalwa kanye nzalo yamatamatisi. Lezi zombili lezi zinhlobo zakudala ezivivinywe isikhathi nobunzima bokukhethwa. Izinzuzo ezingenakuvela kanye nokubi okuthile kuhambisana nalokhu ngakunye. Isici sabo esiyinhloko ukukhula kwe-stem okungenamkhawulo, okudinga i-garter yesitshalo kanye nokwakheka kwayo kahle kuyo yonke inkathi. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibonakala ngokukhiqiza okuphezulu, isikhathi esichithwa kuzo sikhokhelwa ngokuphelele.
