Isithombo semifino evamile enezimpande ezinempilo nezimpande. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwalo ngokuvamile kunika isikhala emasimini. Kunezinhlobo eziyisishiyagalombili zezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezitshalo (uRaphanus sativus L.) womndeni wakwaCruciferous. Lezi zilwane zihlanganisa izitshalo zonyaka nonyaka.
Ifomu lesendle likhula eYurophu, eNtshonalanga ye-Asia naseNyakatho Afrika. Izinhlobo ze-Radish zihlukaniswe yi-European and Asian (Eastern). Ematafuleni nasezindadi zethu, abantu baseYurophu bavame ukuba khona, kuyilapho empumalanga, ehlanganisa amafomu amabili - isiJapane (daikon) nesiShayina (lobo), bambalwa. Kodwa ngeze. Bangcono ukunambitheka, babe nezimpande ezinkulu ngaphandle kokufutheka, futhi abadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngendlela yokukhulisa i-lobo isithombo.
Uyazi? Ekuqaleni, isithombo sasetshenziswa kuphela ngezinhloso zokwelapha: sasetshenziselwa ukukhwehlela nokuphazamiseka kwendlela yokugaya, ukulahlekelwa izinwele. Kusukela ekhulwini le-IV eGibithe lasendulo, laqala ukudliwa njengemifino.
Incazelo ye-radish lobo
Okokuqala, ake sibheke: I-Lobo isithombo - ukuthi siyini nokuthi siyidliwa ngani. Izitshalo zomsuka wezinhlobo zamaShayina zikhulu, zizungezile noma zihlangene. Bangakwazi ukufinyelela ubukhulu bamagremu ama-500 nangaphezulu (abanikazi berekhodi lamakhilogremu ambalwa bahleliwe). Umbala, ahlukile: ukukhanya okukhanyayo nobumnyama, obomvu, obomvu, obomvu, engxenyeni engenhla - njalo eluhlaza. 
Lobo izimpande imifino ukunambitheka okunembile, obucayi, buthakathaka, ngaphandle kokufutheka, okuyinto ejwayelekile zezinhlobo zaseYurophu aqukethe amafutha omunye lwesinaphi. Lapho kudliwa kufana nokudla kwesithombo.
Uyazi? Izitshalo zezimpande zase-Asian zingadliwa zisha, ziphekwe, ziphekwe, zifakwe usawoti, ziqoshiwe futhi zomisiwe.ULobo unenye inzuzo uma kuqhathaniswa namafomu aseYurophu - avuthwa ngaphambili: ezinsukwini ezingu-60-90. Kodwa kugcinwa kancane nakakhulu futhi hhayi isikhathi eside kangaka.
Ngokuphathelene nokwakhiwa kokudla, wonke ama-radishes asebenza ngokulinganayo. Kunconywa ukuba zisetshenziswe njalo ukuze zihlanzwe izinso nesibindi, ukususa i-cholesterol nokukhuphuka ngokweqile emzimbeni, ukuze udliwe nge-vitamin C. Izimpande zesikhumba zingasimisa ukugaya futhi zibe nomthelela we-bactericidal.
Imbewu ye-Lobo ithengiswa ezitolo ngaphansi kwamagama amaningana: "Isithombo sakwaMargilan", "isithombo seShayina", "Lobo isithombo". Ukuze sikhule ezimweni zethu zezulu, izinhlobo ezifanele kakhulu iTroyandova neLebidka.
I-Lebidka ehlukahlukene. Liye lahlukanisa izimpande ezimhlophe, lafinyelela isisindo esijwayelekile esingu-520-580 g, sinenyama enomsoco. Ukunambitha esikalini se-dessert kubhalwe ngamaphuzu amahlanu. Inkathi ekhulayo yizinsuku ezingu-86-91. Ukukhiqiza - 70-80 kg / 10 sq. m. Lesi sithombo singagcinwa isikhathi eside. 
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Troyandova. Inesitshalo se-oval sempande yombala obomvana, ngesisindo esilinganisiwe esingu-670-700 g, nesibindi esibucayi. Ukunambitha kumnandi, kuphawulwe ngamaphuzu angu-4,9. Isikhathi sezitshalo izinsuku ezingu-80-82. Ukukhiqiza - 64-67 kg / 10 sq. m. Kugcinwe isikhathi eside. 
Uma i-Lobo isithombo kanye nencazelo yaso ikuthandayo, ke sincoma ukuthi sifunde ngokulima nokunakekelwa kwayo. Ngokushesha, siyaqaphela ukuthi lesi sitshalo asizithobeki futhi siyancipha ngisho nezitshalo zensimu.
Yini ethanda isithombo se-lobo
Ngokuvamile, i-lobo ayiyona isiko esivuna kakhulu. Ayinayo izintandokazi ezithile zokubunjwa kwenhlabathi, ukukhanya, izinga lokushisa. Into kuphela ayithandayo kakhulu umquba omuhle womhlabathi nomoya.
Isitshalo se-lobo sase-Chinese singezimila ezibandayo. Imbewu yayo iqala ukuhluma ekushiseni kwe + 2 ... +3 ° C. Ukushisa okukhulu kokubonakala kwamahlumela kungama-20-25 ° C. Nokho, ngisho amahlumela amancane akwazi ukudlulisa amaqhwa okukhanya kuya -3 ° -4 ° C. Isithombo sezinga elikhulile lima -5 ... -6 ° C, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside. Izitshalo zomsuka ngokuvamile zikhula ngo-5 ... +25 ° С. Noma kunjalo, zikhula kahle ngo-18 ... +20 ° С.
Kubalulekile! Uma izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ligcinwa isikhathi eside, isimo sezulu somile, izimpande zingakhula kanzima, ezomile nezibabayo ukunambitha.
Abandulela phambili be-radish lobo
Njengoba isithombo se-lobo sinesifo esifanayo futhi sitholakale kuzo izinambuzane ezifana nezinye izitshalo zomndeni wayo oqothulayo, akufanele itshalwe emva kweklabishi, ama-radishes, kanye ne-izaqathe, i-beet, i-horseradish. Izandulela phambili zizoba yi-garlic, anyanisi, ukhukhamba, i-legumes, i-dill, amazambane. Kungatshalwa ngokushesha emva kokuvuna izitshalo zakuqala noma etshalwe emigqeni phakathi kwamazambane, anyanisi, ukhukhamba, njll.
Endaweni efanayo lapho izitshalo zeLobo noma ezinye izihlahla ze-cruciferous zikhula khona, zingatshala emva kweminyaka emithathu noma emine.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isithombo sithinta ukukhanya
Isidakamizwa sithanda ukukhula ezindaweni ezikhanyisiwe, isitshalo sehora elide lokukhanya kwelanga. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusona isizathu esinqunyiwe sokukhula kwayo okuhle nokuphumelela kwe-fruiting.
Umhlabathi wokutshala isithombo se-lobo
Izinhlobo ze-Chinese zingakhula kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi, kodwa uzizwa zingcono kakhulu ezakhiweni ezicebile ezakhiwe nge-sandy noma zihamba nge-acidity neutral. 
Uyazi? I-Lobo isithombo isigugu ngenxa yokuqukethwe okunamandla kwezakhi (amavithamini, usawoti wamaminerali, ama-enzyme, ama-carbohydrate, amafutha abalulekile), izindawo zokuphulukisa, ikhono lokulondoloza ukunambitheka kwalo isikhathi eside futhi lingalimazi.
Ukutshala i-Lobo isithombo
Isayithi lokutshala isithombo Lobo kumele ihlanzwe ngokucophelela ukhula futhi ifakwe. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenhlabathi, i-humus (4-5 kg / 1 sq. M.), i-Ammonium nitrate ne-superphosphate (15-20 g / 1 sq. M.), i-potassium chloride (5-10 g / 1 sq. M.) Isetshenziswa. Emva kokufaka umanyolo, umhlabathi kufanele ugobe kahle namanzi.
Njengoba i-lobo iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene yamuva, kungcono ukuyitshala ngamagama amabili: eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaMeyi, eminyakeni eyishumi noma yesibili kaJulayi.
Kubalulekile! Lapho kusenesikhathi sokuhlwanyela kwentwasahlobo, lapho izinsuku zisesezincane, kunengozi yokuthi lesi sitshalo sizoya esiqwini futhi sibheke isigaba sokwakheka kwezitshalo zezimpande.
Okokuqala, yenza izindawo ezincane eziphuziswa kahle. Ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa kufanele libe ngu-45 cm. Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nesimiso se-45 x 10 cm.Izimbewu zijuliswe emhlabathini ngo-1.5-2.5 cm. Khona-ke zifafazwe umhlaba futhi zihlwithwe kancane ngesandla. Kuhlwanyelwe ngesilinganiso sika-3-5 g wezinhlamvu ngehora elilodwa. (m) Ukusheshisa ukuhluma kwezitshalo kungafakwa ifilimu.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezihle, amahlumela okuqala avela ezinsukwini ezinhlanu, ngaphezulu - ngesonto. Esikhathini esizayo, izithombo zizodinga ukunciphisa. Isikhathi sokuqala le nqubo isenziwa esigabeni samaqabunga amabili noma amathathu weqiniso, okwesibili - ngenyanga. Ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile, izitshalo kufanele zitholakale kude no-20 cm komunye nomunye.
Kusukela ngalesi sikhathi izitshalo ezincane zingakavikelwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwezinambuzane ezifana ne-cruciferous flea, kuyadingeka ukuwaphatha ngezinambuzane noma ukufafaza ngomlotha (noma ingxube yomlotha ogwayi, umlotha nge-lime isilinganiso se-1: 1). Ukugqothula ngemlotha kungase kuqale ngokushesha nje lapho ihlumela lokuqala livela. Kuzothatha izikhathi eziningana. Uma ukhetha amakhemikhali, ungasebenzisa i-Ridomil (10 g / 10 l amanzi), i-Decis (5 g / 10 l amanzi), i-Bi-58 (5 g / 10 l amanzi), njll. Ukusetshenziswa kwenhlanganisela yokusebenza: 3 l / 100 sq. m
Indlela yokunakekela isithombo se-lobo
Lobo emva kokutshala kuzodinga ukunakekelwa okuncane, futhi ukunakekelwa kuyoba ukuchelela, umanyolo, ukukhulula nokukhipha inhlabathi, kanye nokuvikelwa ezinambuzane. 
Indlela yokuphuza isithombo
Isidakamizwa sizwela ngokuntuleka komswakama, ngakho kuyodingeka ukuthi amanzi atheleke njalo. Ukunisela okuphoqelekile kuzoba ngezikhathi ezomile nezishisayo.
Khipha inhlabathi mhlawumbe ngesonto kuya ku-8-10 cm. Ungayeki ukunqotshwa kwe-weeding nokususwa kokhula.
Izici zesitshalo somanyolo waseChina
Ngaphansi kokutshala umsila we-lobo umanyolo usetshenziswe izikhathi eziningana ngesizini ngasinye - mhlawumbe izikhathi ezintathu noma ezine ngezikhathi ezinsukwini ezingu-10-15. Sebenzisa izigqoko eziqukethe i-nitrogen. Umthamo wabo wokuqala (ngesikhathi samaqabunga amathathu noma amane weqiniso) yi-15-20 g / 10 l amanzi.
Uma uqhuba inqubo yesibili nesikwesithathu, kufanele wengeze umanyolo nge potassium ekubunjweni. Ungenza futhi i-superphosphate (10 g). 
Kubalulekile! Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kuhambisane nokuchelela okuphoqelekile.
Ukulawulwa kwezidakamizwa isilayidi lobo
I-Radish Lobo ngokulimala kahle kwezolimo kanye nokuphalaza okuvimbelayo okungeke kuthinteke izifo nezinambuzane. Nokho, lokhu kwenzeka. Izinkinga ezifanayo nazo zonke izithandwa. Ngakho-ke, angakwazi ukubhekana nezifo ezinjenge-each, fusarium, i-bacteriosis.
Kusukela kuma-parasites ukuhlasela uthando lwakhe i-cruciferous flea beetle, i-rapeseed flower beetle, iklabishi namahlumela ehlumela, iklabishi nokudlwengula, njll.
I-Cruciferous flea - enye yezinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu, ngoba zingabhubhisa ngokuphelele izitshalo ezincane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Hibernate ngaphansi kwezinsalela zezitshalo nasemhlabathini. Phuma ukuphahlazeka ngo-Ephreli. Yidla amaqabunga, uhlanganise izimbobo.
Sesivele sibhaliwe mayelana nokufafaza kokuvimbela izithombo. Kanti futhi ngenhloso yokuvimbela, kubalulekile ukuthi ukhulule njalo inhlabathi bese ulwela ukhula. Uma lesi sifo sisahlasela isithombo, ungayesabisa, ukufafaza ngokuphindaphindiwe izitshalo nge-infusions yomhlonyane, ugwayi, nothuli ngomlotha. Izinqubo ezinjalo zizothatha okungenani ezintathu, ngezikhathi ezinsukwini ezingu-4-5. 
Ngokunqotshwa okukhulu ngaphandle kwezinambuzane ezivumelekile abakwazi ukuzenza. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali kumele kumiswe okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokuvuna.
Izindlela ezifanayo zokulawula kufanele zisetshenziswe lapho zihlaselwa ezinye izinambuzane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo zama ukuqala ngezindlela ezinesizotha: ukuphalaza i-decoction kanye ne-infusions yezitshalo zokubulala izinambuzane, ukuthuthumela ngomlotha, uthuli ugwayi, i-lime, njll.
Isidakamizwa Lobo: Ukuvuna
Izitshalo zomsuka we-radish Lobo kumele zisuswe ngaphambi kweqhwa lokuqala - ukuvunwa kwenziwa eminyakeni eyishumi noma yesithathu ka-Okthoba. Uma amaqhwa athola uLobo enhlabathini, angalimaza kakhulu izithelo. Izimpande zesikhumba zikhishwa emhlabathini ukuze zifinyelele eziqongweni zezimbali noma zisebenzise ukusebenzisa amafosholo. Amaqabunga e-radish avuthiwe afaneleka ukudla izilwane zasepulazini. Esihlahleni, esilungiselelwe ukugcinwa kwasebusika, kungcono ukuthi ungagcini iziqongo, kodwa ukuguqula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isiqu se-2 cm kufanele sihlale
Ukuze uLobo agcine ukunambitheka kwakhe nokubukeka okunempilo isikhathi eside, kufanele kugcinwe esiteji ngaphansi kokushisa kwe + 2 ... +3 ° С nomswakama we-80-90%. Ngaphansi kwamabhokisi okusebenzisa isitoreji, isanti, noma uwathulule isilayidi. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukugcoba imifino. Ngesitoreji esifanele, isithombo se-lobo singagcina kuze kube semuva.
