Amakamelo okudlela izinhlobo zamagilebhisi Iminyaka eminingi, idume ngabathengi.
Kodwa-ke, amagilebhisi, njengoba uyazi, asuke ehlathini, futhi akakwazi ukukhula lapho isimo sezulu esingamukeleki.
Lokhu kwenza abakwa-winegrowers emhlabeni jikelele, abakhulu nabancane, ukuba bahlanganyele ekukhethweni okujulile kwezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha, ukuze amagilebhisi angahluma lapho kwakukhona khona ubunzima nalokhu.
Izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo ngamagilebhisi asePervozvanny, kanye nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo nezithombe zelitshe, zinikezwa esihlokweni esingezansi. Umphumela walo msebenzi wokuzalanisa umlimi we-amateur waseRussia kwakuyizinto ezihlukahlukene uPervozvanny.
Amagilebhisi Okuqala Abizwa - Lokhu kuyinhlobonhlobo yamagilebhisi omhlophe amhlophe okuzalisa amateur, aphethwe eRussia. I-Ataman, i-Alpha ne-Bogatyanovsky yizo izinhlobo zetafula ezimhlophe.
Umlando wokuzala
Ezihlukahlukene zamagilebhisi "Pervozvanny" yasungulwa eRussia, edolobheni laseNovocherkassk, esifundeni saseRostov. Ukukhethwa kwalezi zinhlobo ze-hybrid kubanjwe Krainov V.N.
Njengezinye eziningi zezinhlobonhlobo zayo, i- "Okokuqala-okuthiwa" yenziwa yi-VN Krainov. ngokuwela amagilebhisi I-Talisman neKishmish iduma. Ngaphezu kweNovocherkassk, ibuye ihlolwe eningizimu yeBelarus.
Isandla somfuyi ofanayo noBlagovest, uVictor no-Angelica.
Ukubukeka
Isihlahla salezi zihlukahlukene singokwezizwe ezinamandla, unamandla izinhlobo zamagilebhisi. Uhlobo lwezimbali luyi-oboepoly. I-Montepulciano, uJulian noTason nabo banezimbali ezithintekayo.
Izinhlobo amajikijolo Pervozvanny amber-white. Elanga, amajikijolo athola umthunzi we-tan. Ngosayizi, enkulu noma enkulu kakhulu, cishe ngo-27 kuya ku-24 mm. Isisindo sebheyili eyodwa singafinyelela ku-10g.
Ifomu Amagilebhisi avuthiwe, embozwe nge-wax bloom eningi-i-pruino. Isikhumba, njengokusho komfuyi, sincane futhi siyadliwa, inyama iyinyama futhi iyamanzi.
Nakuba abanye abalimi bebika ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi i-First Called ayifinyelele ezindaweni ezibekiwe. Amajikijolo awakhuleki ku-10 g, isikhumba sinyene, ukuthi i-wasp ngeke ithathe.
Amaqoqo kulezi zinhlobonhlobo akhule kakhulu: 500-700 g ngamunye. Bathola isimo se-cylindrical noma cylindrical-conical. Ihambisa ukuphakama komphakathi. Azikho ngaphansi kokutshala. Umvini, njengoba kubikwa yi-winegrowers, ukhula kahle, cishe ubude behlumela. I-cuttings emihle kakhulu.
Ushiya Ekuqaleni Okubiziwe isilinganiso. Ngokuyisisekelo sinokuma kwenhliziyo. Kusuka maphakathi kuya emahlathini amahlanu. Izinga lokuhlukanisa amaqabunga lihlukile. Engxenyeni engenhla yamaqabunga aphikisiwe ngokucophelela, ingxenye engezansi ingenalutho.
Isithombe
Izici ebangeni
Ukuhlukahluka kwePervozvanny ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zokuvuthwa kokuqala. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa esiphakathi sivela ezinsukwini ezingu-105 kuya kwezingu-115. Ezingxenyeni zeNovocherkassk, unikeza isivuno ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi - ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. I-Pavulsky ayut, uLia noKrasny Delight nazo zihlukaniswa nokuvuthwa kokuqala.
Ukukhiqiza kunika phezulu. Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kuvumelana. Okuqukethwe ushukela amajikijolo kunendawo ye-18-21%, i-acidity ezingeni lika-6-8 g / l. Iphesenti lamahlumela athelayo kulezi ezihlukahlukene zifinyelela kumaphesenti angama-60, enesilinganiso esiphezulu se-1.0-1.3. Umthwalo osehlathini ungama-35-45 amehlo.
Ngemuva kwe-wreckage, inani lamahlumela aluhlaza akufanele lidlule 30-35. I-optimum ibhekwa njengomthwalo wama-25-20. Imicibisholo yezithelo iyanqunywa amehlo angu-6-10. I-Pervozvanny ikwazi ukubhekana nokushisa okubandayo kuze kube yizi--23 degrees.
Ngokuvamile, i-Pervozvanny ibhekwa njengenhlobo ehlukahlukene yokumelana nezifo, okungeke ibe nezifo.
Ukuzinza kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene ngokuphathelene ne-downy isikhutha kanye nokubola okungcolile kulinganiselwa kumaphuzu angu-3.5-4. Izinga lomonakalo oidium lilinganiswa ngamaphuzu angu-3.5-4.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ukuhlukahluka kwePervozvanny, njengoba kubhaliwe ngenhla, inokuphikisa kahle isikhutha, i-oidium ne-gray gray. Kodwa lokhu akukwenqabeli ukuthi umlimi akudingeki avikele amagilebhisi. Izinkinga ezinjalo njenge-anthracnose, i-bacteriosis, i-chlorosis, i-rubella noma umdlavuza we-bacterial ngokuvamile uba izivakashi zezivini.
Yenza amalungiselelo eziphilayo namakhemikhali.. Izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezifana ne-Trichodermine, i-Gaupsin, i-Actophyte zisebenza kahle, kepha ukusetshenziswa kwazo kubiza kakhulu. Amakhemikhali asebenza isikhathi eside, kodwa futhi adala umonakalo omkhulu.
Amakhemikhali akufanele abe ngaphezu kwezinga lesibili lesingozi.
Ngokuvamile, ukulwa nezinambuzane nezifo kuqala esigabeni sokuqhakaza semivini. Khona-ke ukwelashwa kokuqeda isisombululo se-3% se-ferrous sulfate kwenziwa. Ukuze kulawulwe ama-fungal pathogens (isikhutha, i-oidium, i-gray mold), ama-fungicides e-systic or action action asetshenziswa.
Kuhlelo lungabizwa I-Topaz, i-Kvadris, i-By-leton - zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela.
Ukuxhumana uma isifo sifika. Okokuqala udinga ukususa indawo ethintekile, bese uphatha izidakamizwa zasemahlathini.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, amathuluzi afanelekile afana neRovral, iBlue-Bordeaux (i-Bordeaux fluid).
Ukulwa nama-thrips, ama-mites, ama-leafworms, izidakamizwa, i-Aktara, i-Decis-Profi, i-BI-58 ifanelekile. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kungenzeka ngaphambi kokusila futhi njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela. Kudingekile ukusebenzisa lezi zindlela ngendlela enhle kakhulu, lapho isimo sezulu esinezinkanyezi, lapho ungakhohlwa izindlela zokuzivikela.
Ngaphandle kwezifo zendabuko ezithinta amagilebhisi, umlimi uyinezitha ezimbili: izinambuzane nezinyoni. Phakathi kwezinambuzane kungase kube yizinambuzane ezihlukile. Bathanda kakhulu ushukela, futhi lapho kungatholakala khona, uma kungekhona esivinini.
Ama-straps awayingozi njengoba ezinye izinambuzane - azibhubhisi lezihlahla, kepha zilimaza kakhulu amajikijolo. Ngokuvamile, badla uphondo futhi bazame ukuphuza ijusi kusuka amajikijolo. Ngesinye isikhathi, lapho bephule ibhisi elilodwa, babashaya ngomusa abanye ukuze ukuvuthwa kuqale kuzo. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa babuyela kule "bodyag".
Izindlela zokubhekana nazo zingase zihluke. Ngokuvamile kaningi abavinini bewayini basebenzisa ukubhujiswa kwangempela kwamawashi. Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu ukubhubhisa isidleke. Uma engatholakali, ama-baits afakwa eceleni kwemivini.
Ngaphambi kokuba amagilebhisi aqhakaze, ama-wasps adla ukudla okunamaprotheni. Ngakho-ke, abalimi abanolwazi bayelulekwa ukuba baxube izingcezu zezinhlanzi noma inyama ezazingeniswa ngaphambili kwi-Imidacloprid. Lapho amagilebhisi eqala ukuqhakaza, ama-wasps angaphazanyiswa kuwo ngosizo lwezicupho ngekhambi elimnandi. Ungafaka uju noma ushukela, kanye nezidakamizwa Aktara noma Regent.
Izidakamizwa zingashintshwa ngesisombululo se-boric acid. Lapha kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi ama-wasps awawa ngaphansi kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukwengeza insipho encane yamanzi kusixazululo. Kunezindlela eziningi zobuntu. Ukuqoqa amaqoqo kungafakwa ezikhwama ze-tulle noma ze-agrofiber.
Isivikelo sokuvikela sivikela amajikijolo kusuka ku-wasps. Kulokhu, izikhwama ze-gauze kungcono ukuthi zingaboni, ngoba, zigijima zimanzi, zibambe amajikijolo. Izikhwama ezifanele kakhulu ze-caprone. Ezivela ezinyoni njengesivikelo zingasebenza njengegridi ezihlahleni noma i-ratchet, ezosabisa abahlaseli bezimpi ngezwi.
Izinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi ePervozvanny zingakhula kahle emaphethelweni aseNingizimu Russia. Ikhula ngokushesha, inikeza isivuno esikhulu. Iphikisana kahle "nezivini" zamagilebhisi, kodwa, njenganoma yiliphi elinye amagilebhisi, lidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela.
