I-Dill: ukutshala okunekhono kwe-greenery yakho yesintu oyithandayo

I-dill iyisitshalo sezipayisi esivame kakhulu. Kodwa ukuze imifino yakhe ijabulise iso, nokunambitheka nephunga lokujabulisa ukunambitheka, kudingeka okungenani isethi yolwazi lwe-agrotechnical. Futhi konke kuqala ngokutshala isitshalo.

Umsuka wegama lesitshalo

I-dill evela emndenini ohlanganayo uthole isigaba sayo sesayensi ngo-1753: I-Anethum (lat), okusho ukuthi inephunga, liyasha. Izichasizinda zakudala zaseRussia zegama elithi "Copra", "fafaza". Amagama amadala ahamba kudala, kepha igama elithi "dill" elikhiqizwe yibo liyahlala. Ngendlela, ngesi-Ukraine sibizwa nge- "krip", esondelene kakhulu nesabizwana sakudala saseRussia.

Kukhona enye inguqulo yegama: lapho isetshenziswa, dill isikwa kahle, inqunywe, bese ngaphambili yafafazwa, yingakho i- "dill". Umbhali uthanda uhlobo lokuqala.

Iningi labantu, uma libuzwa ukuthi “amanzi am-dill” enziwa luphi, unganqikazi ukuphendula lokho kusuka ezinhlanyelweni zedill. Kepha cha, - kusuka kusisombululo esingu-1% samafutha e-fennel, abukeka efana kakhulu nezitshalo ezi-dill ezivela emndenini wesambulela.

Isiza Esingaphandle Sokugcwala

Ukhumbula ukuthi izwe le-dill yiMedithera neNdiya, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlela imibhede ene-dill ezindaweni ezikhanyiselwe kakhulu engadini. Lesi sitshalo sithanda inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi noma ene-acidic kancane, ama-dill akhula enempilo kuwo futhi amahlamvu anombala oluhlaza ogcwele. UDill futhi uthanda umswakama.

Isiphithiphithi esinjalo sama-dill greens singatholakala kuphela endaweni enelanga kanye nenhlabathi enhle.

Ukulungiswa kwemibhede komhlaba ovulekile

I-dill ikhula enhlabathini emnyama, kepha isivuno esiphelele salesi sitshalo sitholakala emhlabathini ovundisiwe kahle. Kungcono ukulungiselela umhlabathi wokutshala kwentwasahlobo ka dill ekwindla. Ukuze benze lokhu, bayibumba ekujuleni kwefosholo lokwela, ngemuva kokusakaza i-humus noma umquba kumphezulu ngesilinganiso sebhakede eli-1 nge-1m². Uma kungekho ndaba ye-organic, ifakwa esikhundleni somanyolo wamaminerali: i-urea, usawoti we-potassium, i-superphosphate (20-30 g nge m²).

Kungcono ukulungiselela umbhede ngaphansi kwe-dill ekwindla

Ukuhluma kwezinhlobo zembewu dill

Imbewu yedill iqukethe uwoyela omningi obalulekile, othikameza inqubo yokuhluma kwawo, ngakho-ke, imbewu etshalwe emhlabathini ngaphandle kokulungiselela kokuqala izokhula emavikini angama-2-3, futhi imbewu ephathwe ngokukhethekile esikhathini esingadluli kwezinsuku ezingama-3-7.

Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwembewu akunzima kakhulu:

1. Imbewu ithululelwa esitsheni esinamanzi bese isuswa ikhethiwe.
2. Imbewu esele iyasatshalaliswa ngendwangu enamanzi kahle noma ifakwe esikhwameni se-gauze esimanzi bese ibekwa endaweni efudumele. Njengoba le ndaba isomile, iyamanziswa.
3. Lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, imbewu ibekwa kwisisombululo epinki se-potanganum permanganate amahora angu-2-3. Lokhu kukhipha amagciwane izinto zokutshala.
4. Imbewu ihlanzwa ngamanzi afudumele. Konke lokho.

Ilungiselela imbewu yokutshala - ividiyo

Kukholelwa ukuthi ngemuva kweminyaka engu-3-4 yokugcinwa kwembewu dill, ukuhluma kwabo kuncishiswa ngokubonakalayo. Kepha ngadabukela ngokulahla imbewu ebunjiwe, eyayibekwe isikhathi eside emigqonyeni yabazali bami ekhishini, wayisakaza entwasahlobo engadini eduze kwembewu entsha. Umphumela ngokusobala awuzange uthandwe yilaba bantu. Mhlawumbe iqiniso ukuthi uwoyela obalulekile waphunyuka embewini endala futhi lokhu kunxephezela ukwehla okungokwemvelo kokuhluma ngesikhathi sokugcina isikhathi eside.

Uma kunesidingo sokusheshisa ukuhluma kwezinhlamvu zedonsi, khona-ke ukulungiswa kwendabuko kwembewu yokutshala kuxhaswa ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• ukufaka imbewu emanzini ashisayo (isandla siyahlupheka), amanzi avela lapho kupholile futhi ngezikhathi ezingama-2-3,
• ukusetshenziswa kwezixazululo ezifashisayo zezinto ezilandelwayo noma izithasiselo zokukhula, kanye nokufakwa komlotha,
• sebenzisa lapho kufakwa amanzi ancibilikayo,
• i-aeration yamanzi enezinhlamvu dill (ipompo evela ku-aquarium ilungile),
• ukwelashwa kwembewu nge-vodka isikhathi esingekho ngaphezulu kwemizuzu eyi-10-15, i-vodka enamafutha abalulekile ngemuva kokukhipha imbewu kuyo isetshenziselwa injongo yayo ebekiwe.

Ukuze kube lula, imbewu ibekwa esikhwameni sezicubu ngaphambi kokusebenza nazo.

Nini, kanjani futhi yiziphi izinhlobonhlobo dill ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile

Ngokuya ngezinhloso lapho isivuno sikhuliselwe khona, kanti izinhlobo zama dill kanye nesikhathi sokutshala kwayo zikhethiwe.

Izinhlobonhlobo dill

• Izinhlobo zokuqala zedayi zinika imifino yokuqala ngenyanga emva kokuyitshala okuncane, kodwa hhayi okuningi. Amasokisi asetshenziselwa usawoti wokuqala. Uma ushiya ezinye zezitolo ezihlahleni, khona-ke awukwazi ukukhathazeka ngemifino yokuqala yonyaka olandelayo: dill iphindaphindeka kahle ngokuzitshala. Izinhlobo ezinjalo zifaka iGribovsky (iphunga elimnandi kakhulu), isambulela, kude, iRedut, iGrenadier (enesambulela esikhulu).
  

  Izinhlobo ze-Gribovsky ziyaziswa ngephunga lawo

• Izinhlobo zaphakathi nesizini i-Richelieu, i-Umbrella, i-Amazon, i-Hoarfrost ivuthwe emavikini ama-2 kamuva kunasekuqaleni, kepha isivele ine-greenery, izambulela ezikhudlwana futhi imvamisa imnandi ukwedlula eyokuqala. Izinhlobonhlobo zeRichelieu zaziswa kakhulu ngephunga lazo, futhi uma wonke amaqabunga ethathwa kuwo, isiqu sizoba senqubekweni ye-lateral enamabhokisi amakhulu.
  

  Uma dill Richelieu acosha wonke amaqabunga, khona-ke izinqubo eziseceleni ezinezambulela zizokhula kusukela kumacala weziqu

• Izinhlobo ezivuthwa maduzane i-Bouquet, i-Salute, i-Alligator, i-Hanok, i-Dill iya ekukhuleni kwesiqu cishe ezinyangeni eziyi-2,5 ngemuva kokutshala, ngenkathi lesi sitshalo sifana nesihlahla esincane. Zinamaqabunga amaningi, kepha ama-rosette lapho atshala emhlabathini ovulekile kungenzeka angabi nesikhathi sokwenza. Qopha ukuphatha usayizi wezinhlobonhlobo ze-Isambulela: ububanzi be-cap bufinyelela ku-25 cm ngesisindo esicishe sibe ngu-100 g, kepha lokhu kuhluka akunambitheki. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukutshala dill endaweni evulekile futhi uyinakekela ngeke kube nzima.
  

  Khonza - omele ejwayelekile we-dill bush

Isikhathi sokufika

Ukutshala i-dill-ehlobo e-dill emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya kuJulayi, ukutshala ehlobo kufanelekile kuphela ekukhetheni imifino. Amagama anjalo abangelwa yizimo ezimbili:

• Izithombo ze-dill akufanele ziwele ngaphansi kwesithwathwa esibuhlungu kakhulu sentwasahlobo, amazinga okushisa ngaphansi kuka-5⁰ kungabhubhisa isitshalo.
• Usayizi ofanele wemini yokwenza ukwakhiwa kwama-greenery okungenani amahora angu-9, kanye nezisekelo - 14.
  

  Igrafu yezikhathi zemini enkabeni yeRussia ilibonisa kahle ibanga lesikhathi lapho dill ingahlwanyelwa

Ukuthola i-greenery zakuqala, nazo zizijwayeza ukutshala ekwindla sekwephuzile, kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, ngendlela yokuthi imbewu ayinaso isikhathi sokukhula ngaphambi kokuqala kwamaqabunga azinzile.

Kukhona futhi umbono ongaphandle wobusika wokutshala dill, okunikeza nokuvuna kwangaphambili.

Ungatshala kanjani dill: izindlela

Ukufakwa emalayini kungenziwa ngemifino, noma ukusakazeka. Kunoma ikuphi, kucatshangwa ukuthi umhlaba uvundiswa ngaphambi kokuvundiswa. Lapho ukutshala kuma-grooves, inhlabathi iyagcotshiswa kuqala, futhi ngemuva kokubeka imbewu, ifafazwa ngomhlaba futhi ihlanganiswe kancane. Lapho ukutshala ngezikhathi, kuba lula ukunisela umbhede ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphothula umsebenzi.

Ithebula: izindlela zokutshala dill ngezikhathi ezihlukile

Abalimi abaningi abahlwanyeli dill, kodwa baneliswa yilokho self-seeding enikeza.

I-dill yokuzitshala - ividiyo

Ukunakekelwa Kwedili Kwangaphandle

I-dill enganakile akusho ukuthi awukhathaleli. Nawa amaphuzu aphambili okufanele unake.

• Ukunisela nokukhulula. UDill uthanda inhlabathi ekhanyayo nenomswakama. Ngakho-ke, ukuchelela ngokulingana, ngaphandle kokuntengantenga kwamanzi, nokukhulula kuzokuvuza kahle.
• Ukhula. Ungavumeli ukuvela "kwama-parasites" for dill ngendlela yokhula, kuyadingeka ukuyikhipha ngesikhathi.
  

  Ngokufanelekile, umbhede we-dill kufanele ugcinwe kulesi simo.

• Ukucwilisa. Lokhu kunjalo ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho dill isikhulile ngemuva kokutshala ukusabalalisa noma ukuhlwanyelwa ngokwakho. Ihlathi eliminyene le-dill liqukethe izitshalo ezibuthakathaka ezinobumba obunambitheka kabi. Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo kumele okungenani libe ngu-5 cm.
• Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Imvamisa, embhedeni wengadi oqeqeshwe kahle, udaka awudingekile. Kepha okufanele ukwenze uma dill ingenayo i-nitrogen, engakhombisa ukupenda kwamahlamvu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, i-dill inamandla okuqongelela ama-nitrate ngenkuthalo lapho usebenzisa umanyolo we-nitrogen, ikakhulukazi i-ammonia ne-sodium nitrate. Ukumiliselwa kweNettle kuzosiza lapha, okuthi, ngaphezu kokondla, okuzoqinisekisa ukungabikho kwama-aphid e-dill.
  

  Izigaba zokwenza umanyolo oluhlaza okotshani
• Ukuhambisana dill nezinye izitshalo. I-dill inobungane ngokwanele eningi lezitshalo zasengadini. Into esemqoka ukuthi akakhuli eduze kwabo, futhi akenzi ukuncintisana kokudla. Okuhlukile kungenye into emele umndeni wesambulela - u-fennel. Ngokusondela kwalezi zitshalo, ukungcolisa umoya kanye nokwakheka kwama-nzalo kungenzeka. Futhi, abanye abalimi abatshali dill eduze kwama-izaqathe kanye nembewu ye-caraway.

Ukwenza ukufakwa kwe-nettle kulula. Isiqu se-nettle entsha sinqunywa ezingxenyeni eziningana futhi sigcwaliswa ngamanzi. Kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi, 1 kg we-nettle. Ukuqanjwa kubekwe endaweni efudumele yelanga kanti inqubo isiqalile! Isisindo siqala ukuvuvukala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa bese sikhipha iphunga elibonakalayo. Yihlanze njalo. Ngemuva kwamasonto angu-1-2, inqubo yokuvutshelwa iyeka, ukwakheka sekumi ngomumo ukuze kusetshenziswe. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, ihlungiwe futhi ihlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 10.

Ngenxa yalomanyolo oluhlaza, umlobi isikhathi eside wonakalise ubudlelwano nomakhelwane esakhiweni. Ngivale umanyolo emgqonyeni wamalitha ayi-100 ngawubeka eduze kocingo ngasohlangothini lwelanga lwesakhiwo. Umgqomo wawusebangeni elihle ukusuka kwakhe nasezindlini zami, kodwa wonke umuntu wezwa iphunga elibi lehleko, yize isigaxa esihle senezelwe emgqonyeni. Njengesinxephezelo ngomonakalo ongeyona eye-pecuniary, ngithululela umakhelwane uhhafu wokufaka okulungiselelwe, kodwa angizange ngithole intethelelo ngokushesha.

Ukutshala dill ku greenhouse

Ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kwe-polycarbonate yamaselula ekuhlomiseni izithombo zokugcina izithombo zezindlu zasehlobo kuvumela abalimi ukuba bavune dill cishe unyaka wonke. Lokhu, kepha-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubanikeze ukufudumeza okwengeziwe nokukhanya. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, khona-ke ukudla kokuqala kwama-imifino kungatholakala vele ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, ezinyangeni ezimbili ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni evulekile.

Ukutshala dill endaweni ebamba ukushisa efudumele ngokukhanyisa

Ukugcina ukushisa okunjalo kuvame ukubekelwa ukusetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano: izindleko zemishini nokusebenza kwayo kuzodlula kakhulu izindleko zokuluhlaza ngezidingo zomndeni ozowuthenga esitolo.

Amandla we-hhostela nendawo akuyo kufanele alondoloze izinga lokushisa ku-greenhouse okungenani 15-20 ebusika⁰C, kanye nezibani zokukhanyisa zidinga ukuhlinzeka amahora okukhanya kosuku okungenani amahora ayi-10.

Njengendlela yokukhetha - Ukushisa ngama-heater infrared

Uma lezi zimo zihlangabezana, khona-ke dill ekhulayo ngeke ibe nzima. Ngokutshala, sithola izinhlobo ezingathathaleli ukushoda kokukhanya, okufana neGrenadier, Sevastopol, Kutuzovsky, IDayimane, i-Amazon, i-Kibray. Ukulungiselela imbewu yokutshala akufani nokulungiselela ukutshala endaweni evulekile.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abamba ukushisa kuyafuthelana, ukwenza imibhede emhlabathini akukufanele: ingaphezulu komhlaba liyindawo ebanda kunazo zonke ku greenhouse. Ngakho-ke, ukufaka amashalofu amabhokisi enhlabathi kuhlelwe endaweni ephakeme efanelekayo ukunakekela isitshalo.

Emashalofini anjalo kuzoba lula ukunakekela i-dill

I-dill inezimpande ezinde, ngakho-ke ukuphakama kwamabhokisi kufanele okungenani kube ngu-30 cm futhi izimbobo zokudonsa ziyimpoqo.

• Inhlabathi, inhlanganisela yenhlabathi evundile kanye ne-peat ngokwesilinganiso se-3: 1 ilungiselelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kuvuthwe ngomanyolo wezimbiwa. Inani labo lincike ngosayizi wamabhokisi okufika: nge-1m² I-15-20 g ye-urea ne-potassium usawoti ne-20-30 g ye-superphosphate kufanele ingezwe.
• Masinyane ngaphambi kokwehla, ama-grooves enziwa emidonseni angango-1.5-2 cm, futhi ibanga phakathi kwama-grooves liyi-15-20 cm.
• Inhlabathi iyanyiswa bese imbewu itshalwe kuma-grooves ngesinyathelo esingu-2-3 cm futhi embozwe ngenhlabathi evela phezulu.

Lokhu kuqeda inqubo yokufika. Okulandelayo, udinga ukubheka amazinga okushisa nokukhanya futhi ugcine inhlabathi inomswakama. Lapho i-dill ikhula ibe ngu-3-5 cm, kufanele inwetshwe ngaphandle, ishiye ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-10 cm, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo dill.

Ukutshala i-dill endaweni ebamba ukushisa engashisi

Le nketho ayidingi izindleko ezinkulu zezezimali (ngaphandle kokuthi ithengwe yi-greenhouse uqobo). Ukutshala kwe-Autumn yembewu dill ku-greenhouse enjalo ngenxa yokudalwa kwezimo zesimo sezulu ezintofontofo kuyo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuzokwenza ukuthi kutholakale imifino emisha ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli-Meyi.

Okubalulekile, ungazihluphi ngamathuluzi ongeziwe wegreenhouse, futhi imbewu itshalwe ngqo emhlabathini, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla (bheka ithebula). Uma ubusika bebuneqhwa, khona-ke ukugcwala kwenhlabathi kwenhlabathi kuzonikeza lesi sitshalo umswakama odingekayo esikhathini sokuqala sokukhula lapho iqhwa liyancibilika noma lungekho kulo abamba ukushisa. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke kungakuhle ukuphonsa iqhwa ku-greenhouse.

I-dill yasentwasahlobo ihlumela endaweni ebamba ukushisa engashisiwe - ividiyo

Lapho kukhula dill ku-greenhouse enjalo, kuyadingeka ukuqapha ngokucophelela umswakama wenhlabathi ngezinsuku ezinelanga futhi uvikele ukoma kwawo ukuphuma.

Ukutshala dill ekhaya

Ukuthola imifino yensiza ekhaya unyaka wonke udinga kancane:

• sill yamahhala ohlangothini elangeni elifile,
• ikhabethe elide
• inhlabathi elungiselelwe kahle
• imbewu ekhethwe kahle,
• ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe ngesikhathi esifushane sasemini samahora.

Zihlabe nge-dill entsha, uma kunendawo encane yomhlaba okhululekileyo, akunzima. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha kahle imbewu, uyitshale ngesikhathi futhi ngenyanga noma ezimbili kuze kube ekwindla sekwephuzile ujabulele imifino enephunga.