Emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, i-hawthorn ibhekwa njengesitshalo sasendle nakho konke ukungathandeki "zasendle" - ukukhiqiza okuphansi, ukunambitheka okuphansi. Kepha lokhu kuyisitshalo esiwusizo kakhulu, izithelo zazo ezidliwayo, ezihlwabusayo, ezisetshenziselwa izinto ezintsha nanjengezinto ezingavuthiwe zikajamu, ujamu nama-compotes. Amaqabunga nezimbali kubhekwa njengokuphilisa. Sebenza ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi ye-hawthorn engokwemvelo ekhula isikhathi eside iqhubeka isikhathi eside, futhi namuhla izinhlobo ezingabhekwa njengezithuthuke kakhulu zakhiwe.
Indaba
Izinkomba zokuqala ezisindile zokuthi isintu sazi i-hawthorn njengesitshalo esinamandla sokwelapha esingesikhathi seGrisi yasendulo. AbaseYurophu babona isiko lokwelapha ekuqaleni kweNkathi Ephakathi. E-Russia, i-hawthorn inegama elidumile - inkosikazi, unkosikazi omuhle, isihlahla esihle, futhi iphathwa ngenhlonipho nenhlonipho.
Izakhiwo ezijwayelekile zazo zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-hawthorn
Sekukonke, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-200 zalesi sitshalo ziyaziwa emhlabeni umahluko omkhulu kakhulu ngokubukeka nosayizi - kusuka emabhasini aphansi kuya ezihlahleni ezinde. Eziningi zazo izitshalo ezingafani nathi. Izinhlobo ezingama-47 zikhula eRussia. Okuvame kakhulu kuzo yi-hawthorn evamile prickly, punctate hawthorn ne-hawthorn ebomvu egazini.
IHawthorn - isitshalo sokuhlobisa esinamajikijolo anempilo
IHawthorn isitshalo esiqinile esinezimpande ezinamandla ezimboza le ndawo ngaphansi komqhele ngobubanzi obungafika kumamitha amane kuya ekujuleni okukhulu. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi unikeze isihlahla izakhi ezidingekayo nomswakama enhlabathini encane kakhulu nangeminyaka eyomile. Akubandakanyi noma kubusika obubanda kakhulu, ngakho-ke indawo esatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezisenyakatho idlula kakhulu kunezinye izihlahla zezithelo.
IHawthorn ayikuthandi ukwethuka
Melana nazo zonke izifo nezinambuzane. Akakuthandi ukubopha, ikakhulukazi ukusuka eningizimu, ngoba awukwazi ukutshala i-hawthorn ezindongeni ezisenyakatho zezakhiwo, ikakhulukazi eziphakeme. Amathafa asendaweni emanzi, nenhlabathi enezithelo eziningi nayo i-contraindication.
Izinhlobo
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-hawthorn zingahlukaniswa ngemibandela ngezinhlobo ezintathu - izithelo, umhlobiso wezithelo nokuhlobisa. Yize kunjalo, izinhlobo zezithelo zinenani lazo lokuhlobisa. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi kungani isihlahla sitshaliwe - ukuvuna noma ubuhle.
Half-pan
Izinhlobonhlobo zezithelo, ezikhethiwe ngokukhethwa kwezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ezizitholelayo kusuka ku-hawthorn semi-soft. Okuvelele kakhulu ngokuya ngekhwalithi yezithelo nezithelo. Amajikijolo makhulu, abomvu, amnandi kakhulu. Ezimweni ezinhle ikhiqiza izithelo ezingekho ngaphansi kwama-cherries, ama-cherries kanye nama-plums, adlangile ngezihlahla zezithelo. Isihlahla sinamahlwili kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo, okwenza kube nzima ukuvuna. Ivuthwa sekwedlule isikhathi, amajikijolo angathathwa kumafrimu anamandla.
Toba
Ibanga elihle lokuhlobisa lokukhethwa kweCanada. I-hardness yasebusika ayiphansi kunezinhlobo zasendaweni. Isetjentiswa ekumeni emasimini nasetivini, kepha njengesihlahla lesime sodwa, ngobe ayitsandzi kutfutfuka futhi ikhula kahle etindzaweni levulekele lilanga ngokuphelele. Ingakhula ibe ngu-6-7 m ukuphakama. Kubukeka kumangalisa kakhulu ngendlela evamile. Inomqhele osasazekayo, imvamisa yakha isihlahla esinamandla, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ingakhula ngesiqu esisodwa. Izithelo zibomvu, ziyindilinga ngesimo, zikhulu, kepha zimbalwa kakhulu.
Izimbali zeToba hawthorn ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kokushintsha kombala kusuka kokumhlophe kuye ko pinki
Daursky
Uthela izithelo kahle, kepha futhi unenani lokuhlobisa. Ifomu, njenge-Toba growar, lingaba yi-bushy futhi lifane nesihlahla ngesiqu esisodwa, kepha iDaursky imfushane kuneToba, ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1-2 m. Inameva afinyelela ku-2,5 cm ubude. Blooms izimbali ezimhlophe maphakathi no-Meyi. Izithelo uvuthwe ngo-Septhemba. Zisimo se-ellipse, ezingaba ngu-1 cm ubukhulu, zingahluka ngombala - ophuzi, owolintshi nobomvu.
Izinhlobo ze-Daursky zisatshalaliswa kabanzi ngale kwe-Urals, eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude, kanye nangaphandle kweRussia, eMongolia naseChina.
Amaqabunga eDaursky ane-lilac hue ethile
Paul Scarlett
Kubonakala phakathi kwabafowethu futhi kuqokonyiswe njengokwehlukahluka emuva ngekhulu le-19. Ikhula kungaba ngesihlahla noma ngesihlahla ngesiqu esisodwa. Hhayi okude kakhulu. Umqhele o-oval, obukhulu kakhulu, ungakhula ube ngamamitha ayi-3. Uqhakaza ngesikhathi esijwayelekile kuzo zonke izinhlobo, maphakathi noMeyi nokuqala kukaJuni, kepha isikhathi sokuqhakaza sinde, cishe amasonto ayi-2. Izimbali zombala we-hawthorn onqabile, obukhali we-hawthorn. Ihluka kwezinye izinhlobo futhi ukuthi ayikhethanga kangako ngelanga, iyakubekezelela ukubopha. UPaul Scarlett unikeza izithelo ezimbalwa, ngakho-ke ungazibheka njengezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa.
Izimbali ze-hawthorn uPaul Scarlett zihlala cishe amasonto ama-2
I-Volzhsky
Ihluke kwezinye izinhlobo ngesimo nosayizi womqhele namaqabunga. Mfushane, ongadluli kuma-3 m, akakhuli isihlahla, kepha muthi kuphela. I-Crohn noma ngaphandle kokunquma kanye nokwakheka kwesakhiwo sokuhlobisa esiyindilinga.
Izinhlobonhlobo zeVolzhsky zihlukaniswa ngamaqabunga aqoshiwe anjenge-maple.
Igama libonisa indawo evela kuyo. Kusatshalaliswe esifundeni seVolga. Ibaluleke ngokuqina, igcina izimfanelo zokuhlobisa kuze kube yiminyaka engama-40. Ngaphezulu kokunye okumelana nezifo nezinambuzane.
Ungatshala kanjani i-hawthorn
Kusakazwa izithombo ze-hawthorn, ukusika, ukusika, imbewu nokuxhunyelelwa.
Indlela elula nethembekile kunazo zonke ukuthola nokukhipha isithombo esisodwa sezinhlanyelo noma ihlumela elineminyaka emibili ubudala. Kulula ngisho nokuthenga isithombo esinezinhlamvu ezihlukile esikhulele enkulisa. Izingane ezineminyaka emibili zithathwa kahle kakhulu izimpande.
Izimbumbulu
Ukusakazwa kwe-hawthorn ngemisiko kunemvume kuphela uma udinga ukugcina uhlobo oluthile lokuqothuka noma olungandile, okunzima ukuthola izithombo. Izimbumbulu ze-hawthorn zinezimpande ezimbi kakhulu, kuhlala kunamaphesenti amakhulu okuhoxiswa. Kusukela ekuqaleni kokusika ekutholeni izithombo ezigcwele, kudlula iminyaka eyi-4. Futhi akekho noyedwa ongakuqinisekisa umphumela ophumelelayo wale minyaka eminingi yokusebenza, noma ngabe izinqubo ezinde futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-agronomic zilandelwa ngokuqinile.
Ukubekwa
Ukuzala kabusha ngokugoba kulula kakhulu futhi kuyabonga kakhulu.
- Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo, amahlumela aneminyaka engu-1-2 ubudala atholakala esihlahleni esidala se-hawthorn.
- Lungiselela i-groove enobubanzi obuyi-10-12 cm.
- Bagoba ihlumela kulo bese belinamathisela emhlabathini ngenqolobane yensimbi, baligcwalise ngomhlaba, beshiya kuphela umqhele onamahlamvu ayi-5-8 ebusweni.
- Ngaphambi kokuba ugcwalise ihlumela, lidonswa phansi ngocingo olunwebekile ukuze kunciphise ukuphuma kwezakhi zomzimba ezivela kumama. Lokhu kuzosheshisa ukwakheka kwezendlalelo zezimpande zabo.
- Ehlobo elomile, ukubekwa kwezimila ngezikhathi ezithile kuniselwa.
- Ukuze ihlumela lingabi nalutho, udinga ukufafaza umhlaba, ngaphezulu ungathela umalabala - humus, Peat, sawdust rotted, izinaliti.
- Njengomphumela, ekwindla uzokwamukela ukubekwa kwezisekelo, okungakudluliselwa ngokushesha endaweni eyiyo.
Kwezinye izimo, ukubekwa kwezimpawu kwenziwe hhayi okukodwa, kodwa izinkathi ezimbili. Isibonelo, uma ezinye izingqimba zinesistimu yezimpande ebuthakathaka.
Ngokuwa, ihlumela lizodedela izimpande zalo ezizimele
Ukusakazwa izimpande izimpande
Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti - ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba, kutholakala amahlumela amasha akhula eduze nesiqu esikhulu. Bamba ngezimpande ezincane, uzama ukungalimazi impande endala yesitshalo somama. Kutshalwe endaweni yesikhashana. Ngentwasahlobo elandelayo, ukusebenza kwesithombo kuzobonakala. Uma ephila futhi eqhubeka nokukhula, kuzokwazi ukumhambisa endaweni eyiyo ngokushesha, ngenqwaba enkulu yomhlaba, ukuze ungalimazi uhlelo oluncane lwezimpande. Ingatfakelwa kokubili ekwindla nasentwasahlobo elandelayo, ngonyaka.
Ukugoma
Kufana nemithetho ejwayelekile yokuxhunyelelwa i-hawthorn ngokuxhunyelelwa noma yisiphi izihlahla zezithelo. Kepha kunezimo ezithile ezingajwayelekile.
- isiphunzi esihle kunazo zonke kungaba esinye isihlahla se-hawthorn, esingahambelani nokuthile, noma umlotha obomvu wentaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emlotheni osentabeni, izinga lokusinda liphezulu kakhulu, futhi kungenzeka ukukhulisa isitoko somlotha wasentabeni kalula ngokudubula izimpande;
- zingene ekushiseni kokuqala, kepha ngaphambi kokuba kuqhume amaqabunga;
- Sebenzisa amahlumela aneminyaka engu-2 ubudala awugqinsi olungaba ngu-1 cm, kanti namagatsha aseceleni avela ku-scion, njengoba kwenziwa lapho kuxhunyelelwa ezinye izihlahla, angeke kususwe.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Imbewu ye-hawthorn ine "soothers" eminingi engakwazi ukuhluma. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukutshala imbewu eminingana ngebanga le-10-15 cm komunye nomunye.
Imbewu ye-hawthorn kumele icutshungulwe ngaphambi kokutshala
Imbewu ilungiselelwe ukutshala ngenye yezindlela ezilandelayo:
- thatha izitsha ngamanzi abilayo namanzi eqhwa. Imbewu ifakwa esikhwameni esenziwe ngendwangu yemvelo futhi igxishwe emanzini ashisayo nabandayo imizuzu engu-0,5 ukuze ivuvukale imbewu, ikhule ngosayizi - lokhu kuzobonakala;
- imbewu ibekwa esitsheni esinamanzi afudumele futhi igcinwe endaweni efudumele izinsuku eziningana.
Umuthi wembewu ukhula isikhathi eside kakhulu. Izinkathi zokuqala ezimbili ihlumela lenyuka ngo-10 cm kuphela ngonyaka. Kepha kusukela onyakeni wesithathu kuqala ukukhula ngokushesha.
Izinsuku ezifakwayo ezifundeni ezihlukile
Noma yiziphi izithombo - kusuka ku-cuttings, ukusika, amahlumela ezimpande, kusuka embewu engxenyeni eseYurophu eseRussia atshalwe womabili entwasahlobo (maphakathi no-Ephreli) nasekwindla (maphakathi no-Okthoba). Esifundeni SaseMoscow, la magama kufanele aguqulwe izinsuku ezingama-5-7, esifundeni saseNyakatho-Ntshonalanga - izinsuku ezingama-7–7 kuya esikhathini esishisayo - entwasahlobo esondele ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, ekwindla esondele ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. ENingizimu yesifunda iBlack Earth, la madethi aguqulwe aya ngaphesheya. Eningizimu esekude, okwakufika ekuqaleni kwenziwa entwasahlobo futhi kamuva ekwindla.
Ubuchwepheshe bonke bezolimo bokunakekelwa kwe-hawthorn buyafana kuzo zonke izifunda zaseRussia, lapho i-hawthorn izizwa kahle, kufaka phakathi iSiberia kanye neMpumalanga Ekude.
Izici Zokunakekela
Naphezu kokukhuthazela nokungathobeki, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele i-hawthorn ikhula kangcono.
- Lapho utshala emhlabathini onqabile osobala, kubalulekile ukufaka i-humus esezingeni eliphakeme nenkuni emgodini wokutshala ngesilinganiso se-0,5 l ku-10 l wenhlabathi.
- IHawthorn izodinga usizo lwakho ezimeni ezingejwayelekile - ehlobo lapho kunesomiso esibi khona isikhathi eside, kuyadingeka ukuthambisa umhlaba ngokusho kwengqophamlando yomqhele. Ebusika, iqhwa ngaphansi -40mayelanaC, ikakhulukazi ezinde, udinga ukulahla isiqu ngeqhwa phezulu ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Uma ehlobo isitshalo sesihlaselwa izinambuzane, okungajwayelekile, kuzofanela usebenzise izindlela ezinconyelwe ngokuqondile uhlobo ngalunye lwezinambuzane. Kepha kubaqalayo, ungazama ukuxazulula inkinga ngendlela elula - ukufafaza umqhele ngenhlanganisela yothuli lwentuthu kanye nomlotha wezinkuni ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1.
Izihlahla
Esibhakabhakeni esikhanyisiwe, i-hawthorn, njengomthetho, yakha umqhele ofanele uqobo. Ngakho-ke, kuphela eminyakeni edinga ukuthathwa kokuhlanzeka nokulwa nokuguga. Ngokuthenwa kwenhlanzeko, wonke amagatsha omile, aphukile futhi alimele ayasuswa.
Ukuthena okudala ukuguga kuyadingeka kumabhasi aneminyaka ehloniphekile. Amagatsha amadala angu-1-2 ayasuswa. Esikhundleni salokho, okusha kuyokhula futhi kuthele izithelo.
Kwesinye isikhathi, uma isihlahla sikhula sikhulu kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukususa amagatsha angaphakathi akhula kakhulu ukuze kukhanyise ukukhanya ngaphakathi kwesitshalo futhi kukhule ukwenziwa kube nezithelo.
Ukunquma izinhlobo zokuhlobisa
Ukuhlahlisa izihlahla zokuhlobisa kwenziwa ngezinhloso ezihluke ngokuphelele - udinga ukunikeza umqhele ukwakheka okufunayo. IHawthorn idlulisa noma ikuphi ukuthena kalula futhi ngokushesha kwakheka amahlumela amasha. Ukunikeza isihlahla noma yisiphi isimo kulula kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo. Ungathola umqhele ngesimo sebhola noma ngisho nesikwele, kepha lokhu kuzodinga hhayi kuphela izihlahla, kodwa nokusikwa kwamahlamvu kanye namahlumela, futhi kaningana ngesizini.
Ngokwami, i-hawthorn ingakhula zombili ngesimo sesihlahla, nangesimo somuthi.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-hawthorn ngesimo somuthi, kusukela ekuqaleni ukukhula kwesithombo, bamane banquma wonke amagatsha aqhamuka ngaphansi, ngaphandle kwelilodwa, eliphakathi nendawo, elinamandla kakhulu futhi eliqondile. Ungaqala ukuguqula isihlahla sibe yisihlahla kamuva, kepha ngokwenza njalo uzokwehlisa umqhele wesitshalo amahlandla amaningi. Ngemuva kwalokho isiqu esisodwa sizokwakha amagatsha amasha, kepha kuzothatha iminyaka.
Ukuthenwa kwamagatsha amakhulu kwenziwa ngenkathi ebandayo, lapho kungekho ukugeleza kwesiqu. Izinwele, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngesikhathi efudumele sokukhula.
Ukwenza i-hawthorn esiqwini, ukuthena kufanele kuqale ekuqaleni.
Izidingo Zokukhanyisa Nokubiyelwa Ebukhoma
Ungazama ukusebenzisa izihlaxana ze-hawthorn njenge uthango lwemvelo, olungenakunqotshwa ngenxa yameva. Kodwa-ke, isitshalo sithanda ukukhanyisa okuhle, kanti uthango ludinga ukutshala obukhulu, obukhulu. Emthunzini, uyaqhakaza futhi uthele izithelo zimbi kakhulu. Uhlelo olunzulu lwezimpande ludinga indawo nephethini yokufika okungenani engu-3-4 m ukusuka komunye nomunye, futhi cishe ngamamitha ayi-5.
Vele, ungatshala i-hawthorn ngodonga oluqinile, kepha ekugcineni uzothola amathikithi asendle ezitshalo ezicindezelwe, ancintisana nokukhanya okukhanyayo kuzo zonke izinkomba, kubandakanya nangaphandle kwendawo. Amahlathi kuzofanele afakelwe njalo, athenwe, abambe ukukhula kwezimpande kuzo zonke izindlela, asikwe kaningi ngesikhathi sehlobo. Futhi lokhu kungumsebenzi omningi nesikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma ucabanga ukuthi kufanele usebenze namagatsha angama-prickly okulula ukulimala kuwo.
I-hawthorn hedge idinga ukunakekelwa nokunakwa
Ividiyo: izici ezikhulayo ze-hawthorn
Ukubuyekezwa kulinywe kwe-hawthorn
Izinhlobo ezihlwabusayo kakhulu futhi ezinkulu ze-Arnoll, ezine-cherry ehloniphekile - kukhona eyodwa. Emcimbini, banikeze ukusika okuningana, manje ngibagcina egumbini elingaphansi egalaji futhi ngihlela ukubatshala entwasahlobo ezitshalweni ezitshalwe ngaphambilini endaweni yami. Ngamangazwa ngosayizi wamajikijolo, futhi angizange ngivumele ukunambitheka phansi - kodwa cishe azikho mbewu!
matchevik //www.forumhouse.ru/threads/133285/
Ungasakaza imbewu ye-hawthorn. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele ulinde isikhathi eside ukuthi izithelo ziqale futhi akekho oqinisekisa ukuthi izithombo zizophinda isitshalo sikamama ngezimpawu zazo. Ukugoma kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuze kulinganiselwa isikhathi sokwenza izithelo nokusabalalisa izinhlobonhlobo ozithandayo.
Andy //forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=4161&start=15
Lapho umakhelwane wethu ehlwanyele i-hawthorn, indodana yakhe yathi ngeke ilinde umphumela. Futhi bakwazile ukufinyelela kumamitha angama-4. Ubunzima bunye - bahluma ngonyaka wesibili. Ngigonyiwe, kulula kakhulu ukuthi sigonywe. Ngatshala obomvu ngezinhlayiya ezinkulu ezimnyama nasemlotheni osentabeni.
I-Raven //www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=366300
IHawthorn isitshalo esihle! Ayigcini nje ngokwakha uthango oluqhakaza kahle olungenakungeneka, futhi ibekezelela cishe noma yiziphi izimo nanoma yimuphi umhlabathi, idinga kuphela ukuthi impande. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibekezelela ukumiswa (ilanga, umthunzi okhethiweyo). Izinhlobo ze-hawthorns zinezinhlobonhlobo kanye no-nzalo, ngemibala ehlukene yezimbali, enemibala yasekwindla ekhanyayo yamahlamvu. Kukhona ama-terry hybrids hybrids.
IGoldfish //www.catalogdesign.ru/forum/thread257.html
IHawthorn ifanelwe inhlonipho. Uma isihlahla salesi sitshalo sikhula engadini yakho, khumbula ukuthi lesi yisipho sangempela semvelo, ingcebo yezithelo ezimnandi, ezinempilo esivame ukungaziboni futhi esingazisi. Futhi bangaqinisa amandla nempilo yabo. Akunzima ukukhulisa i-hawthorn, ngisho nengadi ye-novice izobhekana nemithetho elula yokunakekelwa.
