Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lezi zinhlobo zasendulo ze-ficus, zenziwe ngaphezulu Eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-41 edluleikhula enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Australia iphinde ifinyelele ubukhulu obukhulu kakhulu - kuze kube ngamamitha angu-60 phezulu.
Isetshenziselwa ukuhlelwa kwezwe nokuhamba kwepaki e-Australia, eNew Zealand, eCalifornia, e-Italy nasePortugal, futhi kudinga izindawo ezinkulu, ngoba izimpande zawo (emoyeni nangaphansi komhlaba) zihlanganisa izindawo eziningi.
Ekamelweni lesikhungo ficus enkulu-leaved kunesizotha futhi ukunakekelwa ekhaya akubonisi ubunzima obuthile, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuvame ukuvimbela ukukhula njalo.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Ukukhanyisa
Ukukhanya okukhanyayo kuyadingeka. Okungcono kakhulu kuyoba ukukhanya, okunikeza amafasitela abheke eningizimu-mpumalanga, eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga.
Ewusizo "amaholidi ehlobo" e-balcony evulekile noma endaweni enokuvikelwa okuphoqelekile kusukela ekushiseni kwelanga emini.
Ukushisa
Uhlobo lokushisa oluhle kakhulu ehlobo - kusuka ku-20 kuya ku-25 degrees; lokushisa ebusika akufanele kube ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-15.
UKUKHONA: Okushicilelwe kukhonjisiwe, kanye nezinguquko ezivamile.
Ground
I-substrate enhle kakhulu yenhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-acidic noma ingathathi hlangothi, ivulekile futhi iyondlobala.
Ungasebenzisa umhlabathi olungiselelwe ama-ficus, noma uhlanganise izingxenye ezimbili ze-sod nenhlabathi enamagatsha ngenxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi esihlabayo.
Ncoma futhi lokhu kuhlanganiswa:
- i-turfy, amaqabunga, umhlaba we-peaty nesihlabathi;
- zonke izithako ngobuningi obulinganayo.
Ukutshala nokufakelwa kabusha
Isiqukathi sokutshala singaba sefomu elijwayelekile: (ubukhulu obuqondile buphakathi kwekota nesithathu kokuphakama kwesitshalo), ngenhloso yokungena emanzini.
Njengoba ukuqhuma kwamanzi kuyingozi kakhulu, okuholela ekubolekeni kwezimpande, kungcono ukhethe izinto ezibucayi zesitsha - i-ceramics ngaphandle koqweqwe oluqhubekayo lwe-glaze.
Ngaphansi kwe-container kunomcabango wamanzi wamatshe amancane noma udaka olwandisiwe.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala, njengoba inhlabathi igcwala, lapho ugcwalisa izimpande phakathi kwezimpande, kufanele uthathe ukunakekelwa ukuze ungagcini intamo yentamo yesitshalo: kufanele kube yizinga nomhlabathi.
Uma lesi sitshalo side, kudingeka ukuba anakekele ukwesekwa kwesiqu sakhe.
Emva kokutshala i-ficus kufanele iphuze.
Izitshalo ezincane zifakelwa njalo ngonyaka entwasahlobo. noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo kanye nezibonelo ezivuthiwe njalo eminyakeni embalwa., futhi isibonakaliso sokufakelwa isisindo esiphelele se-coma yomhlaba nezimpande zawo. Khona-ke lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa ebhodweni elisha, sigcine igumbi lobumba.
UKUKHONA: Ukuze unciphise ukukhula kwalesi sihlahla esikhulu, singasetshenziselwa izimbiza ezingenasidingo: amakhiwane amancane, ububanzi bebhodlela elisha kumele libe ngu-2 cm kuphela kunezikhathi zangaphambili, futhi abavuthiwe - 6 cm.
Izitshalo ezinkulu ezindala azifakelwa kabusha, zikhawulelwe ukufaka isendlalelo esiphezulu somhlaba esitsheni.
Ngemuva kokuthenga, noma kunjalo, lesi sitshalo asifakelwa ngokushesha, sinikeza isikhathi (kusukela emavikini amabili) ukuze kube nemibandela emisha.
Ithiphu: Uma "ikhaya lakho elisha" selifikile ebhodini lekhamera lokuthutha kanye nenhlabathi ekhethekile yokuthutha, kufanele nakanjani uyifake esitsheni esifanele nesinhlanganisela somhlabathi.
Ukunisela
Kuthiwa ehlobo, njengomthetho kanye noma kabili ngesonto I-Well settled, soft, hhayi amanzi abandayo, ukugwema umswakama omile.
Amanzi amaningi okunisela anqwabelene epanini, ngokushesha agonywe.
Ukuvama kokubanda kwasebusika kuvela masonto onke kuya kabili ngenyanga: ipholile ebusika, ukuphuza okuncane kakhulu.
Umswakama womoya
Kubalulekile ukugcina umswakama ophezulu emoyeni, okufana nezimo lapho le ficus ikhula khona emvelweni.
Ehlobo, ukupomfa nsuku zonke ngamanzi athambile ekamelweni lokushisa kuyimpoqo.
Amaqabunga onke masonto onke asulwa ngeponsi elincane elincane.
Ebusika, uma umoya ungomile kakhulu, ukupuniza kungashintshwa ngokusula okumanzi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, kabili ngenyanga, ukufaka umanyolo kwenziwa ngezinye izindlela ngezinsimbi zamaminerali nezomzimba, kuyilapho kunika okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen.
Kubalulekile: Izixazululo zomanyolo akufanele ziwele emaqabunga nasefihlekile.
Uma ubusika bufudumele, ukudla akukabi.
Ngokuqukethwe okupholile nokuqhakazile ekudleni kwasebusika kaningi kangako.
Ukukhula nokusika
I-leaf-big ficus ikhula ngokushesha futhi, uma ungagcini ukukhula kwayo ukusika izihlahla, ungase uzame ngokushesha ukuphumula.
Izihlahla ezidingekayo zonyaka, ngaphezu kokunciphisa ukuphakama kwesitshalo, zivuselela ukuhlanganisa nokubunjwa komqhele omkhulu.
Yenza lo msebenzi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukuze uhlume amahlumela amancane, izigaba eziqondile zisetshenziselwa ngaphezu kwehlumela, futhi zinyama, oblique.
Kuzo ficus, ezisezindaweni ezinomsoco, izimpande zomoya ziyakha.
Azisuswanga, kodwa, njengoba zikhula, ziqondiswa emhlabathini.
Ngenxa yokukhula okusheshayo nokuhlanganiswa okusebenzayo ngemva kokudubula, lesi siqhwaga siyisici esihle kakhulu sokudala izihlahla ezihlabayo ze-bonsai - hhayi kuphela ubukhulu obukhulu, hhayi ngaphansi kwemitha.
Kulokhu, kokubili amafrimu amafrimu angashintshashintshayo, ama-target trimming, nama-support support systems asetshenziswa.
Njengoba uneminyaka yobudala, igxolo le-ficus elikhulu elivulekile liba mnyama kakhulu.
Ungasakaza kanjani i-ficus ekhululekile?
UFicus ukwandisa izithelo zemifino nokusika.
Ukukhiqizwa yi-cuttings
Sebenzisa ama-cuttings entwasahlobo nasehlobo: ubude be-apical 10-15cmfuthi uhlume ngamaqabunga amaningana.
Hlanza ijusi elimnandi eliphuma emathini.
Amaqabunga aphansi asusiwe, kanti amanye ahlanganiswe kwipayipi elingaqinile kakhulu futhi elungiswe kulo mhlaba ukuze anciphise ukufudumala ebusweni beqabunga leqabunga.
Ungasebenzisa ama-cuttings ngaphambi kokuqothula emanzini noma ngokushesha uwafake enhlanganisela yenhlabathi elula.
Izimila ezitshalwe zihlwanyelwe emhlabathini we-substrate wezindleko ezilinganayo ze-perlite, noma isihlabathi esinamaqabunga kanye ne-peat, esembozwe nge-plastiki.
Iqukethe ukushisa kwama-degrees angu-22-24umoya nokuphucula.
Ngemva kokwakhiwa kwezimpande nokuvela kwamahlumela amasha (cishe ngenyanga), ama-cuttings atshalwe ezitsheni ezihlukene ngenhlanganisela evamile yenhlabathi ye-ficus.
Ukukhiqizwa yizinhlelo zomoya
Ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi ekhulayo, ekupheleni kwebusika, emgqeni we-semi-woody noma ngokugcwele owenza ukuchotshozwa, ukumboza le ndawo nge-sphagnum emanzi, uyimboze ngefilimu yeplastiki bese uyilungisa.
I-Moss kufanele ihlale imanzi.
Ngenyanga, njengombuso, izimpande zihluma nge-sphagnum zivela.
Ngemva kwalokho, ukuhlukanisa phezulu kwehlumela, kanye ne-sphagnum kanye nesistimu yezimpande eziwumphumela, bayitshala ebhodweni ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi evamile.
Izimpawu zenkathazo
Amahlamvu awela - Umphumela wokukhanyisa okwanele, izinguquko, izinguquko ezivamile, kanye nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa nokushisa okukhulu.
Kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngokucophelela.
Okufanayo kungabonwa embonini esanda kuthenga ithola ukucindezeleka ngenxa yokushintsha okubukhali ezimweni zokuboshwa.
Amasu amaqabunga aphendukile futhi amile - umoya ekamelweni unomile kakhulu.
Ukuphalala kuyadingeka.
Amaqabunga aphuzi - lokhu kungenxa yezizathu eziningana:
- ngaphezu kokukhulelwa. Iqedwa ngamanzi amaningi, emva kwalokho ukugqoka akusetshenzisiwe izinyanga ezimbili;
- ukuguguleka kwesamba esikhulu sikasawoti ngenxa yokunisela ngamanzi aqinile. Kule ndaba, ukufakelwa kabusha ngokufaka indawo enhlabathini kuyadingeka;
- ivolumu enkulu ebhodweni elikhulu. Kudinga ukudluliselwa kwisitsha encane;
- ukubola kwempande.
Susa izindawo ezonakaliswe ohlelweni lwempande bese uphahla isitshalo enhlabathini entsha.
Uma inqubo isude kakhulu, ungazama ukusika nokusika izicuttings, futhi uqede yonke isitshalo.
Ukukhula kancane - kubangelwa ukungabi nokukhanya, ukudla, noma isitsha esincane kakhulu.
Kubalulekile ukwandisa izimo zokuboshwa, ukunikeza amandla amaningi.
Isithombe
Ku-photo ficus enkulu-evuliwe:
Izifo nezinambuzane
Amaphutha okusondeza, ngaphezu kwakho konke, amanzi aqhubekayo kanye nomoya omanzi oqhumayo, kuhlangene nokushisa okuphansi, okuholela ekutheni amandla okwehliswayo abe buthakathaka futhi kunqotshwe ukutheleleka kwefungal.
Kulesi simo, udinga ukwandisa ukuchelela, ukuphalaza, izinga lokushisa nokucubungula i-ficus fungicides.
I-ficus ingahlasela i-mealybug, isi-spider mite, ne-scalefish.
Ukuvimbela "izivakashi" ezinjalo ukuhlanza njalo amaqabunga, kodwa uma izinambuzane zivela, njengendlela yokuqala yokukhipha izinambuzane besebenzisa ukotini oluswakanyiswe utshwala noma ukwelashwa ngesisombululo sesepha.
Zuza kanye nokulimala
Lesi sitshalo sikwazi ukuthatha i-formaldehyde, i-ammonia, i-benzene nezinye izinto ezingcolile ezivela emoyeni.
UKUKHONA: Abantu abaphikisana ne-latex bane-drop of sap emhlophe esikhumbeni sabo esibangela ukucasuka.
I-ficus ekhululekile ekamelweni lesikhungo, kudinga amakamelo amancane, akhanyayo, ngaphandle kwalokho angenakuzithoba futhi ahlobisa kakhulu ingaphakathi - ikakhulukazi uma unomqhele owenziwe kahle.
