Iphayinaphu ingesinye sezithelo ezithandekayo nezibalulekile hhayi ezweni lethu kuphela. Inkosi eyaziwayo yezithelo ezishisayo inika abantu ubusha babo emazweni ashisayo, futhi abasenyakatho bakhunjuzwa ehlobo ngemibala yayo yelanga nephunga eliseningizimu.
Amaphayinaphu akhuli ezihlahleni zesundu
Iphayinaphu isitshalo se-herbaceous esishisayo somndeni we-bromeliad. Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo eziningi zalokhu zisetshenziswa, kepha zonke izinhlobo ezibalulekile zitholakala kwiPayinapen, noma ku-Ananas comosus.
Amaqabunga ephayinaphu aqine impela, anemiphetho enezinwele ezinhle ukwenza irosette eliminyene elingama-60 cm ukuphakama kwawo. Amandla abo okuqongelela nokugcina umswakama anikeza isitshalo impahla ethandekayo nokuvumelana okuhle nesimo sezulu esomile nesishisayo.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kusuka rosette wamaqabunga, a peduncle avele nge inflorescence ngesimo izindlebe. Izimbali zikaphayinaphu zihlala ngamehlo, zihlanganiswa ndawonye. Izimbali zihlala kusuka ezinsukwini eziyi-10 kuye kwezingama-20, emva kwalokho izithelo ziboshwe - sama-globules ngesimo sezigaxa ezinamapheshana ezitshalo ezengeziwe emqheleni ezikhula ngama-tufts, yingakho igama - lakhiwe noma laba likhulu.
I-Pineapple Inflorescence → izimbali ezinsomi ngombala omfushane obomvu
Iphayinaphu ivuthwa lapho isigaxa sifinyelela isisindo esingama-2 kg, kanti ingaphezulu lithola umbala omnandi wegolide. Izithombo ziqukethe i-axis eqinile enezithelo ezinamathiselwe ezinamanzi ezihlanganiswe komunye nomunye, eziqongweni zazo kukhona izingxenye ezihlanganisiwe zembali kanye nephepha lokumboza. Imbewu yezinhlobo zikaphayini ezitshaliwe azvuthi, kodwa zihlala zisencane.
Isikhumba sosana oluvuthiwe sithola umbala ophuzi wegolide
Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo
Izithelo zikaphayinaphu sekukade zibalulelwa ukunambitheka kwazo okumnandi nokunoshukela kakhulu. E-China, lesi sithelo singumhlobiso oyinhloko wetafula loNyaka oMusha, njengophawu lwempumelelo nokuchuma komndeni.
Iphayinaphu elihlotshiswe kwasekuqaleni - umhlobiso wethebula lemikhosi
ENingizimu Melika, uphayinaphu uthathwa njengesitshalo sokwelapha. Izingcindezi ezenziwe nge-pulp nemicu ye-fetal coarse isetshenziselwa ukuvula amanxeba ukudambisa ukuvuvukala. EPhilippines, kusuka emaqabunga alukhuni wophayinaphu wafunda ukwenza i-fiber isetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza indwangu yemvelo.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ikhasi lesithelo esishisayo libhekwa njengelingenakuphikwa, eMexico kwenziwa isiphuzo kuwo, esifana ne-kvass yethu - tepeche. Ushukela unezelwa ku-peel uphayinaphu othosiwe futhi uvuthiwe. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-2-3, isiphuzo esiqabulayo isilungile. Yikhonze ngengilazi ezinde zeglasi, engeza iqhwa elichotshoziwe.
Izici eziwusizo
I-pulpineapple emnandi futhi emuncu equkethe ushukela omningi kanye nama-organic acid. Okuqukethwe okucebile kwamavithamini wamaqembu B, A no-PP, kanye nokuba khona kwamaminerali abalulekile - i-potassium, i-magnesium, i-iron, i-zinc, i-iodine nabanye banikeza inani lomkhiqizo walo.
Kusetshenziswa ujusi wepayinapula noginindela:
- nge-thrombosis, njengesicucu segazi;
- ngokukhuluphala - okuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhalori kanye nokuba khona kosawoti we-potassium, okususa uketshezi ngokweqile emzimbeni, kusiza ukunciphisa isisindo;
- ngezinkinga zokugaya - kuthuthukisa umsebenzi we-Fermentation wejusi esiswini;
- ngokusweleka kwamavithamini - ujusi njengomthombo wezinto ezilandelwayo zomkhondo namavithamini;
- ku-cosmetology, imaski kanye ne-lotions ngokufakwa kwe-pineapple juice pores emincane nesikhumba esinamafutha esomile.
USophia Loren owaziwayo, onesibalo samantombazane lapho esemdala, udla amaphayinaphu amabili nsuku zonke. Kukulesi sithelo ukuthi umlingisi athi unekhono "lokushisa" amafutha nokugcina impilo enhle.
Uginindela wophayinaphu ongavuthiwe awushisi nje ulwelwesi lomlomo kuphela, kodwa futhi ubangela nesisu esinamandla esidabukisayo. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zilahlekelwa yimpahla yazo e-laxative, yokuthola ama-enzyme athuthukisa ukugaya.
Zonke izinhlobo zezimbiza namjamu zilungiswa kusuka kukaphayinaphu, ezisetshenziselwa ukosa lapho kubhakwa amakhekhe namakhekhe. Izithelo ezihlanganisiwe kushukela wazo zisetshenziswa ekudleni okunempilo futhi njengengxenye yazo zonke izinhlobo zamasaladi.
Sikhuliswa kuphi lesi sithelo?
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo uphayinaphu yithafa lomhlaba laseBrazil. Ukusuka lapho lapho izithelo ezixakile zaqala uhambo lwazo emhlabeni jikelele. Ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha, amatilosi amaPutukezi aletha uphayinaphu eNdiya nase-Afrika, kwathi ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa iYurophu nayo yahlangana naye. Kuliqiniso, izimo zezulu zaseYurophu azivumeli ukukhulisa lesi sithelo emoyeni, ngakho-ke kwaxazululwa lapha ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Ngendlela efanayo, isikhathi eside kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale izithelo zalesi sitshalo eSt. Petersburg ngisho naseSolovetsky Islands. Kepha ngekhulu le-XIX, ngentuthuko yenkampani yokuthumela, kwaba okungenamsebenzi ukubhekana namaphayinaphu, ngoba alethwa ngamanani amakhulu avela emasimini, futhi ama-greenhouse enqaba ukukhulisa izithelo zangaphandle.
Ngenxa yesikhathi eside sokukhula, amaphayinaphu akhula ngaphakathi awasizi ngalutho
Namuhla, amasimu amakhulu amakhulu anikezela ngophayinaphu emhlabeni wonke atholakala eBrazil, Philippines, Thailand naseTaiwan. E-Russia, lesi sithelo sitshalwa kuphela ngabalimi be-amateur ekhaya, emabhodweni noma ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ezivuthayo kanye nezindawo zokugcina izithombo.
Ku-Valaam eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ama-novice azame ukusiphula uphayinaphu endaweni eluhlaza yezindela, phakathi kwemifino namakhambi ajwayelekile. Ukuvivinya kube yimpumelelo, futhi namuhla izithelo ezimbalwa zangaphandle zilungele ukuguqula imenyu yama-ascetics.
Amaphayinaphu waseColombia ahlangana kahle namakhukhamba
Ukusatshalaliswa kwephiniga endle
Amaphayinaphu asendle asatholakala ekhaya - eBrazil, ahlala phakathi kwesihlahla sotshani noma emaphethelweni amahlathi. Izithelo zabo zincane kakhulu kunokuhlukahluka futhi hhayi okumnandi kangako, kepha, ngokungafani nezihlobo zamasiko, babegcina amandla okuzala kabusha ngenzalo. Kumaphayinaphu asekhulile, imbewu ayiveli noma ayivuthiwe, ngakho-ke, ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka ngokubeka kanye nokubamba kwezimpawu zethala.
Izithelo zikaphayini wasendle zincane kakhulu kunalezo ezihlanganisiwe
Okuncane kobuchwepheshe bezolimo
Ngesizathu esithile, abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi uphayinaphu, njengamadethi, ukhula esihlahleni sesundu. Lutho neze - zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zalesi sitshalo zingama-perennials e-herbaceous. Ukutshala uphayinaphu - insimu enezihlahlana eziphansi, lapho kwakhiwa khona lezi zithelo ezinhle kakhulu. Ukunakekelwa kahle kaphayinaphu, njenganoma yisiphi esinye isivuno, kuzohlinzeka ngesivuno esicebile. Izitshalo zitshalwe ngemigqa, ebangeni lamamitha ayi-1.5-2 ukusuka komunye nomunye. Futhi-ke konke kunjengokuhlala kunjalo - Ukhula, ukuchelela ngesomiso, ukufaka umanyolo, ukulwa nezifo nezilokazane. Uma konke kwenziwa kahle, kuzokwazi ukuthola izitshalo ezi-2-3 ngonyaka.
Ukutshala kwamahlathi eTropiki kukuvumela ukuthi ufike ekuvuneni okufika kathathu kwezithelo ezinamanzi ngonyaka
I-rosette entsha etshaliwe iyakhula futhi izuze isisindo ngonyaka wokuqala. Iqhakaza kuphela emva kweminyaka eyi-1-1,5 emva kokutshala. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza nokuvuthwa kwesibeletho kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo zesitshalo futhi kungathatha izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha. Izithombo ezinamanzi ziyahlanzwa, bese kufakwa izisekelo ezintsha endaweni yazo.
Ukulima okufakwe umhlobiso
Iphayinaphu ivame ukusakazwa ngokususa izingqimba zeziqongo ze-fetus noma izingqimba. Ngokuvamile, imbewu isetshenziselwa lezi zinhloso, ngoba imbewu evuthiwe ayikho ezithelo ezithengiwe, futhi ayiveliseki kakhulu lapho iyithengiswa. Izendlalelo ziyasatshalaliswa uma sekukhona isitshalo esidala lapho ungathatha khona izinto zokutshala.
Lapho ukhetha uphayinaphu wokutshala, okokuqala, unaka isimo se-fetus. I-peanapple ikhasi kufanele libe bushelelezi, ngaphandle kwamazinyo noma ukulimala, amaqabunga alukhuni, ngaphandle kokuwohloka. Kepha okubaluleke - uphayinaphu kufanele ube nephuzu lokukhula. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukubheka ngokucophelela isikhungo sokuphuma - amaqabunga kufanele aphile, aluhlaza, futhi ngaphandle kokulimala.
Ukuze kube nezimpande zokubamba, kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa umqhele esibelethweni. Uma uphayinaphu uvuthiwe ngokwanele, ungasuswa kalula ngokujikeleza ngokuhamba kwewashi, noma unqunywe ngommese, ubambe 2-3 cm kusuka esithelweni. Ukusula phezulu okunqunyiwe kusuka emaqabunga aphansi nezinsalela zepulpiti. I-Rooting yenziwa kangcono embizeni yamanzi, ukugwema ukucwiliswa emacembe. Ngemuva cishe kwenyanga, izimpande zokuqala zizovela, futhi ngemuva kwesonto, uphayinaphu ungatshalwa ebhodweni.
Izigaba zokususa ukhula esitolo - ukwahlukaniswa komqhele, ukususwa kwamaqabunga aphansi kanye ne-pulp, ukugxilisa amanzi nokutshala ebhodweni
Isitshalo esisunguliwe sizodinga cishe unyaka ukulungiselela izimbali. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuphuma kuzokhula ngokubonakalayo bese kuthi isiqu sokuqala sezimbali sivele entwasahlobo noma ehlobo. Indlebe enobude obungu-10 kuya ku-15 cm iqukethe izimbali eziningi zepinki ephuzi noma onsomi. Izimbali zivuleka kancane kancane kusukela ezisekelweni ziye komqhele, futhi emva kwenyanga, izithelo ziqala ukusetha. Ikhula ngokushesha, ihlangana, iphenduka isithelo esisodwa se-namanzi. Ukuvuthwa kuzophela ezinyangeni ezingama-4-5.
Ukuvula kabusha uphayinaphu ezihlahleni zezimbali ezinhle kwengeza ilanga nokufudumala kunoma yiliphi ikhaya
Kuyiqiniso, njengoba ukhule ebhodweni, izithelo zophayinaphu ngeke zikhulu njengoba izithelo zaso zivuthwa ezindaweni ezishisayo, kepha ukunambitheka nephunga ngeke kusaba kubi.
Kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi uphayinaphu wangaphakathi ukhula kahle, kepha izimbali aziveli. Isizathu singaba ukukhanyisa okunganele. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlele kabusha isitshalo ewindini eliseningizimu noma usebenzise isibani nge-phytolamp. Ungasebenzisa futhi izithasiselo zezimbali nezithelo.
Ividiyo: Izimbali zikaphayini ezikhulayo nezikhulayo ekhaya
Ngemuva kokuvuthwa, izithelo zinqunywa, futhi isitshalo ngokwaso, uma zingekho ezinye izithako kuso, siyabuyekezwa. Kulula ukusho - bathi ukuvalelisa kuye, njengoba esefikile endaweni yakhe enye yezinqubo ezavela. Ukwenza i-fruiting ephindaphindwe ezimweni zasendlini akuvamile kakhulu, futhi irosette ngaphandle kokuzala ayimeleli inani lokuhlobisa, noma ithatha isikhala esiningi.
Ngenxa yokuthekelisa, uphayinaphu usesendaweni yesine ukulethwa ngemuva kokubhanana, amagilebhisi nezithelo zikawolintshi, namuhla lesi sithelo esishisayo siyatholakala kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba. Ukunambitheka nephunga elicwengekile, kanye nokuba khona kwe-fiber, amavithamini nezinto ezidingekayo empilweni epulpiti, kwenza lesi sithelo singagcini nje ukunambitha, kepha futhi nesiphuzo esinempilo.
