Izinhlobonhlobo zobusika eziphumelele kahle, ezitholakala eMelika emuva ngo-1935, zisakazekile eYurophu. Kuyinto yezimboni, kepha kuyathakazelisa nokukhula ezingadini zasekhaya ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo okuhle, ukugcina ikhwalithi nokuhanjiswa kwezithelo. Kulula ukukhula njengegama - sizokutshela ukuthi ukwenze kanjani.
Incazelo yebanga
Izinhlobonhlobo ezivela e-United States sekwephuzile ebusika. Ekuhlolweni okwehlukahluka kombuso kusukela ngo-1973, kubhaliso Lombuso kusukela ngo-1986 esifundeni saseNyakatho Caucasus, Lower Volga naseNyakatho-Ntshonalanga. Ikhule yonke indawo e-Ukraine. Umkhawulo wokutshala izimboni eRussia yiKuban. Kuqondwe ukuthi kunesilinganiso esiphakathi - kuze kufinyelele ku-3.5 m - umuthi onomqhele obanzi we-pyramidal, omisiwe ngokulinganayo (kwesinye isikhathi ongaziwa). Umuthi ungakhula ube ngamamitha ayisithupha, uma lesi yisithombo sanyathelwa kuso isiphunzi sembewu enamandla. Amagatsha esiqu kanye namathambo anamandla, makhulu, aqondile. Izinhlobo zezithelo ezihlanganisiwe, ezibonwa kulo lonke ubude bamagatsha ngaphandle kokuchayeka. Imvamisa, kusele ama-aphula amabili noma amathathu ukukhethwa kumagilavu. Emagatsheni aneminyaka emibili nantathu ubudala, kwakhiwa garins yezithelo obukhulu eminyakeni yezithelo. Izinhlobonhlobo zokukhiqiza okuphezulu ngokufaka izithelo njalo. E-Krasnodar Territory, umkhiqizo wonyaka ubonwa ezingeni lika-300-400 c / ha, kwesinye isikhathi obufika ku-500 c / ha. Umuthi owodwa weminyaka eyisithupha - eyisikhombisa yeminyaka uvame ukunika ama-kilogramu ama-apula angama-30. Ngemuva kokufinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10-13, leli nani lenyuka laya kumakhilogremu angama-90-100. Ikhula izithelo kumasheya aphakathi nonyaka ngonyaka we-5-6. Izinhlobonhlobo azizethembi. E-Kuban, ama-pollinators ayizinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula Red Red Delive, Wagner ne Kuban spur. Ezimweni zaseningizimu inekuqina okuhle kobusika nokubekezelela isomiso. Ingangenwa amabala ansundu, athinteka maphakathi ne-Powdery hlobo futhi uqweqwe. Izinsuku zokuqala kwezimbali - ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kubangela ukufa kwezimbali eziqandeni ezibuya.
Amagatsha esiqu kanye namathambo esihlahla se-apula se-Idared anamandla, makhulu, aqondile
Izithelo zinesisindo esilinganiselwe sama-gramu ayi-140, esiphezulu - amagremu ayi-170. Isimo siyindilinga, sithambile, ingaphezulu bushelelezi, limbozwe ngentambo ye-wax. Isikhumba mncane, luhlaza okukhanyayo nge-carmine ekhanyayo noma i-raspberry blush solid. Inyama inombala okhilimu, omuncu futhi omnyama lapho ukhiwa, lapho sekupheleni kwempilo yeshalofu iba lukhuni kahle futhi lukhululwe. Ukunambitheka kuhle kakhulu, kumnandi futhi kumuncu, iphunga alinamandla. Ukuhlola ukunambitha kokunambitha ngomlando wezinhlobonhlobo kwehle kusuka kumaphoyinti angama-4,5 kuye kwayi-4,5.
Ama-apula abamba kahle emagatsheni ngaphandle kokuqhekeka. Izithelo zivame ukuvunwa ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba futhi zigcinwe esitolo esibandayo kuze kufike isivuno esisha. Babekezelela kahle izinto zokuhamba, umphumela wemikhiqizo ongathengiswa ngayo ungama-88-92%. Inhloso i-universal, kepha ikakhulukazi i-dessert.
Ukutshala isihlahla sama-apula esiziwayo
Ukutshala esizeni sesihlahla se-apula esingu-Idared, udinga ukwazi imithetho eyisisekelo yale nqubo.
Ungayikhetha kanjani indawo ongazihlala kuyo
Uma isiza sokutshala isihlahla sama-apula singakhethwanga kahle, khona-ke yonke imizamo eyengeziwe yokukhula ingaba yize. Umgcini wegadi kufanele azi ukuthi empilweni ekhiqizayo yesihlahla sama-apula kuyadingeka ukusitshala endaweni enokhanyayo nenomoya ophephile, evikelekile emimoyeni ebandayo yasenyakatho, enenhlabathi evulekile, edonswayo, engashisi nenhlabathi. Kulesi simo kuphela lapho umuntu angalindela khona (ngokunakekelwa okufanele) ukuthela okuphezulu kwezithelo ezisezingeni. Izinhlobonhlobo azithobeki ekuzalweni kwenhlabathi.
Kanjani, nini ukukha futhi ukutshala yisithombo
Isidingo sesibili sokutshala ngempumelelo izihlahla zama-apula ukutholakala kwezinto zokutshala ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Ungaqiniseka ukuthi izici ezihlukile ezikhonjisiwe ziyavumelana kuphela uma uthenga isithombo enkulisa ekhethekile noma kumthengisi othembekile. Ekwindla, lapho izithombo zenza ukumba okukhulu kwezithombo zithengiswa, kunokukhethwa okubanzi kwezitshalo ezisezingeni. Kufanele wazi ukuthi izihlahla ezingama-apula ezineminyaka emibili ubudala zinezimpande ezingcono. Abantu abadala asebekhulile bathola ukufakelwa okubi kakhulu. Futhi futhi udinga ukunaka isimo sohlelo lwezimpande - kufanele ube nezimpande ezakhiwe kahle ngaphandle kwama-thickenings, Izigaxa, ukukhula. Amagxolo esihlahla kufanele abe bushelelezi, ngaphandle kokuqhekeka nomonakalo.
Uhlelo lwempande yesithombo luyothuthukiswa kahle
Kuyaziwa ukuthi isikhathi esihle sokutshala noma yiziphi izitshalo zezithelo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Lapho ukutshala, izithombo kufanele ziphumule - zizovuka sezivele endaweni entsha. Gcina kuze kube yilapho zitshale zembiwe emhlabathini noma egumbini elingaphansi lokushisa lika + 1-5 ° C. Kuzona zozimbili lezi zinhlaka, izimpande zifakwa ngaphambi kokufakwa kucezu lobumba no-mullein ukuvimbela ukoma ukuphuma.
Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokutshala umuthi we-apula
Inqubo yokutshala ayiqukethe noma yikuphi ukusebenza okungaziwa ngumlimi onolwazi. Okokuqala, sinikeza imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
- Ekwindla, udinga ukulungiselela umgodi wokufika. Benza kanjena:
- Bemba umgodi wevolumu eyanele. Imvamisa, ububanzi bayo kufanele bube ku-0,8-1.0 m, kanye nobude obungamamitha ayi-0.7 Lapho ukutshala esihlabathini nasenhlabathini enesihlabathi esimanzi ampofu ku-humus, umthamo womgodi wokufika ukhuphuka ufike ku-1-1,5 m3 nokuningi.
Imvamisa, ububanzi bomgodi wokufika kufanele bube phakathi kuka-0.8-1.0 m kanye nokujula okungaba ngu-0.7 m
- Lungiselela ingxube yezakhi zesitshalo esizayo bese usigcwalisa ngomgodi phezulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlanganisa ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo ze-chernozem, i-peat, humus nesihlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuthelwa i-0.5 kg ye-superphosphate ne-1 litre yomlotha wokhuni.
- Bemba umgodi wevolumu eyanele. Imvamisa, ububanzi bayo kufanele bube ku-0,8-1.0 m, kanye nobude obungamamitha ayi-0.7 Lapho ukutshala esihlabathini nasenhlabathini enesihlabathi esimanzi ampofu ku-humus, umthamo womgodi wokufika ukhuphuka ufike ku-1-1,5 m3 nokuningi.
- Entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokutshala, izimpande zesithombo zithwelwe kwisisombululo se-ukukhula (Heteroauxin, Epin, Kornevin, njll.) Amahora amaningi.
- Maphakathi nomgodi wokufika, yenza umgodi ngevolumu eyanele ukuhlalisa isistimu yezimpande yesithombo se-apula kuyo. Ebangeni elingamasentimitha ayi-10-15 ukusuka enkabeni, kuqhutshwa ugodo lwamapulangwe oluyi-1-1.3 m ukuphakama.
- Indunduma yobumba yakhiwa emgodini, ngaphezulu kwayo kubekwe khona intambo yezimpande, futhi izimpande zayo zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo emithambekeni.
- Bazalisa umgodi ngomhlaba, bazigingqume ezingqekweni. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi intambo yomsuka yesitshalo ekugcineni isezingeni lomhlabathi.
Izimpande zimbozwe ngumhlaba, zinyakazisa izingqimba
- Ngemuva kwalokho, lesi yisithombo sihlanganiswe nesikhonkwane ngezinto ezithambile neziyindilinga, kugwema ukuchobozwa kwegxolo.
- Ububanzi bomgodi wokufika usebenzisa i-chopper noma i-ploskorez benza umbuthano wesiqu.
- Inisele kakhulu inhlabathi, iqinisekisa ukulungela kwayo izimpande kanye nokuqedwa kwezono zomoya.
Ngemuva kokutshala isithombo, nisela inhlabathi kakhulu
- Umsunguli ophakathi kwesitshalo unqunywa waba ngu-0,8-1.0 m, futhi amagatsha ancishiswa abe amasentimitha angama-20-30.
Izici zokutshala nobuqili bezokunakekelwa
Kukholelwa ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo Ezifanisiwe azikhathalelwa ekunakekelweni, ngakho-ke kulula ukuzikhulisa.
Ungawunisela kanjani futhi uwondle umuthi we-apula
Ngenxa yokubekezelela isomiso, izinhlobo zokunisela ngeke zithathe isikhathi esiningi. Ezine zivame ukwanela isizini. Isikhathi sokuqala isihlahla sama-apula siniselwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, okwesibili ngemuva kokuqhakaza, okwesithathu ngo-Agasti. Ekupheleni kwekwindla, kwenziwa inkambiso yokulayisha amanzi engaphambi kobusika. Lo mthetho usebenza esihlahleni sabadala esinohlelo lwezimpande olwakhiwe kahle. Eminyakeni yokuqala engama-5-6 kuzodingeka ukunisela kaningi - kuze kube izikhathi ezingama-8-10 ngesizini. Ngonyaka we-3-4 ngemuva kokutshala, isihlahla sizodinga umsoco owengeziwe.
Ithebhulethi: Isheduli yomanyolo we-apula
| Ithemu | Umanyolo | Umthamo, imvamisa | Indlela Yokusebenzisa |
| Ukuwa | I-Superphosphate | 30-40 g / m2njalo ngonyaka | Ngaphansi kokumba |
| Ntwasahlobo | I-Urea, i-ammonium nitrate | ||
| Humus, umquba | 5-7 kg / m2njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4 | ||
| Isikhathi sezimbali | I-Boric acid | 2 amagremu ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi | Ukufafaza ngezimbali |
| Ukuqala kwehlobo | I-potassium monophosphate | 10-20 g / m2, Ukugqoka okungu-3 okunqunyelwe kwezinsuku eziyi-10 | Ukufafaza iLeaf |
| Julayi-Agasti | Ukufakwa kwamalitha amabili ama-mullein kumalitha ayishumi amanzi. Esikhundleni se-mullein, ungasebenzisa amaconsi ezinyoni noma utshani obusha, ukhula. Faka emanzini lapho unisela ngesilinganiso seelitha elilodwa lokugxila ku-1 m2 indilinga yesiqu. Ingabe ukondla ngo-3-4 ngokuphumula kwezinsuku eziyi-10-14. | ||
Ukufaka umquba we-apula, ungasebenzisa ukumiliswa kotshani obusha emanzini afudumele
Ukunquma ukugoqa nokubumba
Kubalulekile ukwakha umqhele wesihlahla eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila kwawo. Lo msebenzi wenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kwe-sap. Isihlahla njengamanje kufanele sisaphumula, ama-buds awavuvukalanga. Kufanele ukhethe indlela umgcini wegadi azoyinikeza umqhele. Uma umuthi usezimpandeni ezinde, kunconywa ukuwunika ifomu lendabuko le-sparse-tier.
Izihlahla ezinde zivame ukunikezwa ukwakheka komqhele we-sparse-tier
Endabeni yesiphunzi esibuthakathaka, kungcono ukhethe ukwakheka okwenziwe inkomishi okunikeza ukukhanya okuhle, ukufakwa komoya komqhele kanye nokuthola lula ukunakekela isihlahla nokukha izithelo. Ukuze uzuze leli fomu, entwasahlobo yonyaka wesibili udinga ukukhetha amagatsha angama-3-4 esitshalweni esincane esikhula ngezindlela ezihlukile bese usika sibe ngamasentimitha angama-30 kuya kwayi-40. Lezi zingatsha zamathambo zesikhathi esizayo. Zonke ezinye amahlumela zisikwa "zibe yindandatho." Futhi usike umqhubi osenkabeni ngenhla kwesisekelo sehlumela eliphezulu. Ngemuva konyaka owodwa noma emibili, amagatsha ama-1-2 e-oda lesibili akhiwa kumagatsha anamathambo, awanciphisa ngamasentimitha angama-20-30. Zonke ezinye amahlumela ezakhiwe emagatsheni amathambo ziyasikwa.
Ukwakheka komqhele okwenziwe nge-Cup kusetshenziselwa izihlahla ezingama-apula ze-Idared emitokisini ethwele kanzima
Njalo ngonyaka entwasahlobo, ukusikwa okulawulwayo kwenziwa ukunciphisa umqhele uma kunesidingo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngesimo esenziwe inkomishi, ngoba kuvusa ukukhula kweziqongo. Ekwindla sekwephuzile, ngemuva kokumisa ukugeleza kwe-sap, ukunqunywa okune-sanitary komqhele kuyenziwa - amahlumela omile, anesifo futhi alimala ayasuswa.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ukugwema izifo kanye nezinambuzane ezingaba khona, kuthathwa izinyathelo ezijwayelekile zokuvikela nokuhlanzeka.
Ithebula: izindlela zokuthibela esivandeni se-apula
| Isikhathi | Yini | Kanjani | Kungani |
| Ukuwa | Amahlamvu awile, ukhula, amagatsha omile, njll., Ayaqoqwa futhi ashiswe. | Ngokubhujiswa kwezinambuzane zobusika, izinhlamvu zesikhunta | |
| Ukuhlolwa, ukuhlanza, ukwelashwa (uma kunesidingo) kwamagxolo esihlahla | Igxolo elidala elihlanzwe lihlanza ngebrashi yensimbi, kuqhekeka imifino kanye nomonakalo kuhlanzwe ngommese obukhali, kusike izingcezu ezilimele zegxolo, kuthathwe ngesixazululo esingu-1% se-sulfate yethusi noma i-Bordeaux liquid, kufakwa ungqimba lwevarnish engadini noma ngopende engadini. | Ukuze uvikele izifo ze-cortical - gammosis, umdlavuza omnyama, i-bacteriosis | |
| Isiqu esimhlophe kanye namagatsha wamathambo | Dissolve lime lime emanzini, engeza i-1% yethusi i-sulfate ne-PVA glue | Ukuvikela izifo, ukushiswa yilanga, ukubhujiswa kwezinambuzane zobusika ebusika | |
| Ukuwa kwesikhathi | Ukumba ngokujulile kwenhlabathi yeziqu | Khuphukela phezulu izinambuzane ebusika enhlabathini, bese zibulawa amakhaza | |
| Ukucutshungulwa komqhele kanye nenhlabathi ngesixazululo se-3% se-sulfate yethusi | Ukuvimbela izifo fungal kanye izinambuzane | ||
| Intwasahlobo yokuqala | |||
| Ukwelashwa komqhele | Faka isicelo se-DNOC - kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu, uNitrafen - kweminye iminyaka | ||
| Ukufakwa kwamabhande okuzingela | Bopha amabhande kusuka ezintweni ezithuthukisiwe esiqwini sesihlahla 30 cm amasentimitha kusuka emhlabathini | Ukuvikela izintuthwane, amacimbi, izimbungulu ukuthi zingangeni emqheleni | |
| Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ngemuva kokuqhakaza | Ukwelashwa komqhele ngama-insecticides | Faka isicelo seDecis, iFufanon, iFitoverm, iSarkark kathathu ngokuphumula kwamasonto amabili | Ngokubhujiswa kwa-mabhungane wezimbali, izimvemvane, izimpukane zamaqabunga |
| Ngemuva kwezimbali | Ukwelashwa kokuhlaselwa komqhele | Faka i-Chorus, i-Quadrice, i-Skor, i-Strobi - izindlela ezintathu zokwelashwa ezinesikhathi esingamaviki ama-2 ngesimo sezulu esomile, ngokuphumula kwesonto eli-1 kwisimo sezulu esinethayo. I-Fitosporin ingasetshenziswa isizini yonke. | Ukuvimbela Izifo Zokukhubazeka |
Ama-insecticides izidakamizwa ukulawula izinambuzane eziyingozi.
Ama-fungicides abizwa ngezidakamizwa ukulwa nezifo zokukhunta.
Ama-pesticides ahlanganisa amaqembu womabili wezidakamizwa, futhi afaka ama-acaricides (izidakamizwa zokulawula umkhaza).
Izifo ezingaba khona zezinhlobonhlobo
Abalimi kuzibuyekezo bakhuluma ngokunqotshwa njalo kwesihlahla se-apula Kuqhathaniswa ne-scab ne-powdery hlobo.
Isikali
Lesi sifo se-fungal sibonakala entwasahlobo ezimweni zomswakama ophezulu kanye nesimo sezulu esipholile. Ehlobo elinethayo, ukunqotshwa kungafinyelela ku-100%. Izindawo ezincane zombala onsundu-omnqumo wombala emaqabungeni, khona-ke uqweqwe lwedlulela ezithelo. Izinhlobo zezindawo ezifiphekayo kuzo, imifantu engaphezulu. Ekwelashweni okuphuthumayo, isetshenziswa i-fungobi yeStrobi, engagcini ngokubhekana nezimpawu zesifo ngokushesha, kepha futhi ivimbele ukusabalala kwesikhunta, ibulale nezinhlamvu zayo.
Scab on izithelo amafomu izindawo putrefactive kanye imifantu
I-Powdery hlobo
Ama-fungal spores afa ebusika ngesithwathwa esingezansi kuka-20 ° C. Ngakho-ke, i-Powdery isikhutha ihlala ithinta izitshalo ezindaweni eziseningizimu, lapho ubusika obubandayo bungajwayelekile. Okokuqala, izinhlamvu ziqhuma emaqabungeni amancane nasezimpondweni, zizimboze ngentambo enamathelayo yombala omhlophe. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, leli thafa limnyama, liba nsundu, libe namachashazi. Ehlobo, liyaqina, liphenduke libe yimizimba enezithelo zekhowe elimnyama. Amaqabunga athintekile namahlumela ancipha, awohloka, ayeke ukukhula bese omile. Izindlela zokuvimbela nokulawula ziyafana nasesibazi.
I-Powderyypew spores imila emaqabunga amancanyana nasezimpondweni, izimboze ngengubo emnyama, emhlophe nenamathele
Ividiyo: i-powdery isikhutha esihlahleni se-apula
I-Moniliosis
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo. Owokuqala ukushiswa kwezimali. Entwasahlobo, kuphakama izimbali, amaqabunga amancanyana kanye namahlumela, okuthi, ngenxa yalokho, anciphe, abe nsundu. Uhlobo lwesibili lwalesi sifo luthinta izihlahla ezingama-apula ehlobo ngokubola kwezithelo. Futhi ukuvela kwayo ngesikhathi sokulondolozwa kwama-apula kungenzeka. Zonke izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo kufanele zisuswe futhi zichithwe; amahlumela asikwa ngengxenye yokhuni olunempilo. Ama-fungicides anamuhla abhekana ngempumelelo nenkinga.
Ehlobo, i-moniliosis ithinta izithelo ngokubola okungwevu
Cishe Izinambuzane
Izinambuzane izinambuzane kufanele zilwe ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale izimpawu zokuhlasela.
I-Apple moth
Ama-apula ama-Wormy awumphumela wokunqotshwa kwesihlahla ibhabhathane elinsundu (1-2 cm) elinsundu ebusuku. Indiza yakhe yenzeka ngo-Ephreli - ngoMeyi. Isikhathi sale nkathi siyizinyanga eziyi-1-1,5. Uvemvane lubeka amaqanda emqheleni wesihlahla se-apula ohlangothini olungaphezulu lweqabunga. Lokhu kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10 ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali. Ukuqhamukela emaqandeni, amacimbi angena ezithelweni, imbewu ye-gnaw. Kuzophumelela ukwelapha izinambuzane ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kanti uvemvane lungakabi nesikhathi sokubeka amaqanda. Ukwelashwa kuphindaphindwa ezinye izikhathi ezimbili ngesikhawu samasonto ama-1-2.
Amacembe we-apple codling moth adla imbewu yezithelo
I-Apple Blossom
Ubhungane omncane onemibala emnyama. Ubusika enhlabathini yemibuthano eseduze, futhi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kukhuphuka umqhele. Owesifazane ubeka iqanda elilodwa ngasikhathi esehlathini lezimbali, isibungu esibonakalayo sidla i-inflorescence kusuka ngaphakathi, bese siyifaka ngoshukela ngobukhulu. Ukuvimbela okusebenzayo ukusetshenziswa kwamabhande okuzingela, ukushukumisa amabhungane udoti ngamazinga okushisa aphansi afinyelela ku-5 kuya ku-C.
Izibungu zephungane imbali ye-apula igaya imsuka we-inflorescence kusuka ngaphakathi
Ama-aphid
Lezi zinambuzane ezincane zijwayelene nanoma yimuphi umlimi nensimu. Imvamisa bawela esihlahleni ngosizo lwezintuthwane, abathanda ukudla izidlozi ezimnandi ze-aphid. Ibhande lokuzingela ne-calcareous whitewash lizovikela kulolu bhubhane. Uma i-aphid ihlala emaqabungeni nasezitshalweni zesihlahla se-apula, khona-ke ukwelashwa ngezinambuzane kuzosiza ukuqeda. Ishintshiwe ibe yishubhu, amaqabunga kufanele anqunywe futhi abhujiswe ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa, ngoba isixazululo ngeke size sifike lapho kuhlanganiswa.
I-aphid itholakala ngaphakathi kwamaqabunga
Ukubuyekezwa Kwebanga
Re: Yaziwa. Ekhiqizweni kwezimboni, izinhlobonhlobo ziyenyanyeka ... Ishaywe kakhulu yi-scab kanye ne-powdery mildew ... Kudinga inani elikhulu lokwelashwa ... Futhi lezi zinto sezivele zanele ... Ezivandeni ezindala zasala ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezimpawu ezinhle ...
i-sleg, e-Ukraine
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9718
Re: Yaziwa ukuthi ngibiza lokhu okuhlukahlukene ngokuthi "ukukhubazeka" ngoba kukuzithoba okukhulu kokuqukethwe.Okokuqala nokutshala izimboni kungcono ukungakutholi. Ukungazithobi, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo akuguli, kwakhiwa kalula, ubuncane bokuncipha. Ukunambitha, kunjalo, okuphansi, kepha lowo otshalile uyohlala enama-apula!
I-Sphinx, isifunda saseLugansk, e-Ukraine
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9718
Re: Yaziwa. Ngenxa yokuvunyelwa, minyaka yonke ngama-apula. Idinga ukulinganisa, nezindlela eziningana zokwelapha ezivela ku-scab. Mhlawumbe ngoba ngaphambi kokuba kube nepulazi elihlanganyelwe ngaphesheya komgwaqo, bathi lanqunyelwa phansi ngenxa yokugula. Angiqaphelanga i-powdery hlobo, noma lokhu kuyinhlekelele yangempela njalo ngonyaka kuma-gooseberries kanye nama-currants. Ngonyaka ophelile, walala kahle kuze kube uMeyi. Kulokhu ngichofoze ngama-fungicides, asevele ebolile. Yidla uphuthume. Ukunambitheka akukuphakeme, kodwa akukubi kune-apula epulasitiki ye-ATB-shnyh ngokuqinisekile.
i-ser_128, e-Ukraine
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9718
Ama-apula angaziwa kumele athengwe okungenani wonke umuntu. Njengamanje, izinhlobonhlobo zilahlekelwa ngumhlaba ezimakethe zaseYurophu ngenxa yokuvela kokufana okuningi ngezakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe. Kepha, ngenxa yokungacabangeli kokushiya, umkhiqizo oqinisekisiwe ophezulu kanye nemigomo emide yokusetshenziswa kwezithelo, kunganconyelwa ukulinyelwa ezweni nasezindaweni ezizimele.
