Lavrovishnya - okwelapha, i-shrub ehlala njalo, izithelo zazo ezithandwa kakhulu emithi yokwelapha, ukupheka, i-winemaking. It isetshenziswa njengendlela yokuhlobisa, ezobuchwepheshe, nezithelo isitshalo ukukhiqiza amajikijolo okumnandi, enempilo amajikijolo nokuphulukisa amafutha ezibalulekile. Yikuphi okunye okuwusizo we-cherry cherry, ake sibone.
Incazelo
Lavrovishnya - isitshalo esivame ukuluhlaza somndeni wakwaRozanov, izwe lakubo kubhekwa njengaseNtshonalanga Caucasus. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, itholakala emazweni amaningi aseYurophu nase-Asia, lapho isimo sezulu esifudumele nesesimo sezulu sihlala khona.
I-shrub ibizwa igama layo ngenxa yezithelo, ngaphandle kwe-cherry, nokuma kwamaqabunga, afana namagqabi ama-laurel.
U-Laurel cherry - okuhlala isikhathi eside, efinyelela ukuphakama kwemitha eyi-10. Inesimiso eside, esiqinile, amagatsha ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, abushelelezi, ama-pubescent amancane, lapho amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka aqinile, isakhiwo sesikhumba.
Uyazi? Isici salesi sihlahla yilungiselelo lamaqabunga emagatsheni, zihlanganisa uchungechunge oluthiwa ukuhlukahluka, uma amanye amaqabunga ehlelwa ngokuhlehla, kanti enye - ekukhuphukeni. Le ndawo emvelweni yinto engavamile kakhulu.
Ngomhla ka-Ephreli-Meyi i-shrub efinyelele eminyakeni emine yokuphila iqala ukuqhakaza. Izimbali ezigcobayo zivela kuso ngezintambo ezifinyelela ku-20 cm ubude, ezingaphandle zifana namakhandlela okuhlobisa. Imbali ngayinye, eyashicilela iphunga elimangalisayo, liqukethe i-calyx, i-corolla enezikhala ezinhlanu kanye nenani elikhulu lamagundane. Ngemuva kokuzimbali, umuthi uveza izithelo ezincane, izithelo ezinomzimba - izidakamizwa ezibomvu, ezimhlophe noma ezibomvu, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo. Izithelo zinomsoco omnandi, omnandi, othakazelisayo, kodwa amathambo, amaqabunga kanye namagxolo alo masiko anobuthi. Isivuno sesitshalo esisodwa singaba ngu-120 kg.
Izinhlobo
Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-400 ze-laurel cherry, kodwa phakathi kwazo ezintathu kuphela zivame kakhulu:
- IsiPutukezi - i-shrub eningi kakhulu noma isihlahla esincane, isici esithathwa njengento enhle kakhulu, esho, amaqabunga ama-petiole ane-red petioles. Isihlahla sikhula kancane, siphume sekwephuzile - ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi. Izithelo zalesi sitshalo amajikijolo amancane ombala obomvu obomvu, okwenziwa ngesikhatsi siphunga ukunikeza isiko ubuhle, ubukeka obucebile;
- lusitanian - i-shrub enamandla ekwazi ukufinyelela ubude obufinyelela ku-5 m. Izinhlobonhlobo zikhula kancane kakhulu, ikakhulukazi emhlabathini ongenamanzi, nakuba zingase zife ngokungaphezu kwamanzi. Lesi sitshalo singokwezinhlobo zokushisa, ngakho-ke ubusika kuphela uma kukhona indawo yokuhlala. Ukuzikhethela kwe-cherry laurel ukudlulisela phambili indlela yokuqothula ensimini kanye nasezikhungweni ze-tubing;
- imithi - izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezokwelapha zanamuhla nezendabuko. Kuyinto shrub encane noma isihlahla, hhayi ngaphezu 3 amamitha high. Ibonakala ngokumelana nokuqhwa kwamakhaza, ukubekezela komthunzi, ukukhula okusheshayo, isivuno. Unomusa emhlabathini, uthanda umhlabathi wokubala, i-humus-carbonate, loam. Lesi sitshalo sinomphumela wokuhlobisa ophezulu, ikakhulukazi phakathi nenkathi yezimbali. Ekulungiselela ngokuphelele ukwakha, evame ukusetshenziswa emasimini okukhangisa, amasimu, amapaki. Izithelo zamasiko zihlukaniswa nokubunjwa kwe-vitamin kanye nezamaminerali, ngenxa yokuthi zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlinzeka ngemithi.
Izindlela zokuzala
Lavrovishnya kulula ukusakazwa ngokusika, imbewu noma ukubeka. Indlela ngayinye inezici zayo, okufanele zijwayelane nabalimi be-novice.
Funda indlela yokutshala izitshalo ezifana: umjunipha, i-lavender, i-rosemary, i-savory, i-fern Asplenium, igumbi thuja, isihlahla sekhofi, i-azalea, i-kalanchoe, i-humansrium, i-geranium, i-orchid, i-spathiphyllum, i-violet, i-begonia ekhaya.
Imbewu
Lapho uzalisa izitshalo ngembewu, udinga ukucabangela ukuthi kufanelekile ukukhiqiza ngokushesha emva kokuvuna. Lapho kugcina imbewu, ukuhluma kwabo kunciphisa kabili. Ungakwazi ukwandisa ukusebenza kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ngokufaka endaweni enomanzi.
- Masinyane emva kokuvuna, imbewu izitshalwe esitsheni esinomhlabathi omanzi ojulile 1 cm ejulile.
- Isitsha sigcwele ifilimu ye-PVC futhi ifakwe esiqandisini izinyanga ezingu-2-3.
- Emva kwesikhathi esabelwe, amahlumela afinyelele futhi ashiye ekamelweni lokushisa ukuze aqhubeke nokuhluma.
- Entwasahlobo kukhona amahlumela amancane atshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo, futhi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. I-smallest uhlelo lwempande yesitshalo, kulula futhi ngokushesha kuzothatha izimpande.
Cuttings
Ukusabalalisa amasiko nge-cuttings kubhekwa isikhathi esiningi sokudla futhi kunzima. Lenziwa kanje:
- ekupheleni kukaJune, amahlumela angenayo i-lignified ahlukaniswa futhi ahlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana zika-10-12 cm;
- amahlumela aphethwe, ahlanjululwe ngokuphelele amaqabunga, atshalwe enhlabathini elungiselelwe ngokukhethekile: enye ingxenye ye-peat noma i-humus kanye nengxenye eyodwa yomhlabathi wesihlabathi, ejulisa ngamunye emhlabathini ngo-3 cm. Ngaphansi kwesitsha sokutshala ama-cuttings ukwakha ungqimba lwamanzi obunwetshiwe noma itshe elichotshoziwe;
- isiqukathi esine-cuttings sifakwa ku-greenhouse. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlinzeka ngezicucu zokuchelela okuhle, okwenziwa ngesikhathi esithile. Ngenkathi eshisayo, amahlumela kufanele agonywe njalo amahora amabili;
- ngemuva kokwakheka kohlelo lwempande, ama-cuttings atshalwe emabhodwe ahlukene, lapho "ahlala khona" cishe unyaka owodwa;
- Ukuwa okulandelayo, izithombo zifakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Uyazi? I-sapling eyakhulile kusukela esihlahleni somuthi we-laurel igcina yonke imisebenzi "yomzali", okungeyona indaba yesitshalo esitholakala emzalweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uzalisa izihlahla ezinyakazayo nje kuphela, ungakhula isiko elihlukile, eligcwele.
Ukubeka
Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa ngezingxenye, izinhlobo ezintathu zokusetshenziswa okusetshenziswayo ziyasetshenziswa: ukuhlehlisa, izingoko eziqondile noma ezingezansi.
Uma usebenzisa i-arcuate cuttings, igatsha lesitshalo liphonswa phansi futhi lifafazwe nenhlabathi encane. Ngaphambi kokuba izimpande zivele, ziqapha ngokucophelela umhlabathi omanzi futhi ukuchelela okufika ngesikhathi. Ngokushesha nje lapho uhlelo lwempande lwakhiwa phezu kwendwangu, luyonqunywa futhi lufakwa endaweni ehlukile.
Izakhiwo zokubala zokukhiqiza zenziwa kanje:
- ekwindla noma ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, isihlahla sinqunywe ngokuphelele, sishiya i-hemp encane kuphela kufika ku-3 cm;
- entwasahlobo, amahlumela amancane akhiwa ngezimpukane, ezincane futhi zishiya ezinamandla kakhulu;
- ngemuva kokuphakama kwamahlumela kufinyelela ku-20 cm, bayaphonsa inhlabathi bese behamba kuphela kakhulu. Nikeza ukutshala okwanele esitshalweni;
- ekwindla, lapho amahlumela enika izimpande, ahlukaniswa nesitshalo somama futhi ashintshwe endaweni entsha.
Futhi, izingqimba ziyasakazwa: izintaba ze-ash ash obomvu nezithelo ezimnyama, ezihlukahlukene eziphakathi kwe-Avgustovskaya dew, yoshty, i-Potentilla shrub, i-clematis, i-cornel, i-magnolia, i-viola, i-shefleru, i-kumquat, i-currant ebomvu, umjunipha
Ukufika
Ukutshala i-laurel cherry akunzima kakhulu kubalimi. Uma ukhetha indawo yokuhlala isiko, umuntu kufanele akhethe izindawo ezikhanyisiwe, ngaphandle kwemidwebo. Ungaqala ukutshala izihlahla ezinhlotsheni zendlu noma ukushisa okushisa, usebenzisa iziqukathi, bese ufakwa endaweni evulekile.
Ukutshala izihlahla ezenziwe ngokulandela lemithetho elandelayo:
- Ukukhethwa kwendawo. U-Laurel Cherry uthanda izindawo ezikhanyayo, noma kunjalo, ingahamba kahle emthunzini. Ukudala izimo ezilula kakhulu zokulima, kungcono ukuhlinzeka isiko ngokukhanya, ukukhanya okungafani, ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile kanye nokuba khona kwemidwebo.
- Imodi yokushisa. Lesi sitshalo sikhula kahle emazingeni okushisa ukusuka ku-+20 kuya ku-24 degrees. Ehlobo, kunconywa ukuthatha isiko emgwaqweni, ibhaluni noma loggia, kodwa hhayi ukuyibeka ekukhanyeni kwelanga;
- Umhlaba. Inhlabathi evuthayo, evundile kakhulu, engeyona embi kakhulu ehambisana nezihlahla ze-cherry. Ingxube yomhlaba ingalungiswa ngokuzimela, ithatha izingxenye ezilinganayo zomhlaba ohlaza, ama-humus, i-peat ne-mullein. Kusuka esitolo esinconywa ukusebenzisa inhlabathi yezitshalo zezimbali. Okudingekayo kuqala ukwakheka koqweqwe lwamanzi.
- Ukunisela. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo, i-shrub kumele iphuze njalo, ivimbele inhlabathi ukuthi ingabe isomile futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo amanzi anesimo esitokisini. Umswakama owedlulele ungabangela ukubola kwesistimu kanye nokubonakala kwe-powdery isikhutha emaqabunga. Ebusika, umuthi uphuziswa kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Ehlobo, ngaphandle kokuchelela, kunconywa ukuba ufefa lesi sitshalo ekuseni nakusihlwa.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSeptemba, i-cherry laurel iyondliwa kanye ngenyanga ngamalungiselelo amaminerali nama-organic, nge-1 sq. M. M isanele 5-8 kg umquba.
Isikhathi sokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile - ukuqala kwentwasahlobo noma ekupheleni kwekwindla. Ukwenza lokhu, ngaphambi kokulungisa inhlabathi: khipha, yenza umquba wokuhlobisa izihlahla zemihlobiso yezimbali. I-shrub iyanconywa emgodini we-80 x 80 cm usayizi, ngaphandle kokufaka ngokugcwele i-collar yezimpande zibe phansi. Inhlabathi ezungeze lesi sitshalo ihlelwe kahle futhi iphuze kakhulu.
Ukuze ulungiselele kahle indawo engadini, udinga ukubhekana kahle nezindaba zokuhlela: yenza imibhede, izicingo, uhlele kahle imibhede yembali.
Ukunakekela
U-Laurel cherry - akadingi emkhakheni wokunakekelwa nokugcinwa. Uyaphila kahle ezindaweni ezipholile, uthanda ukukhanya okuhle, kodwa angakhula emthunzini.
I-shrub idinga ukusika izihlahla njalo nokubunjwa. Zibanjelwe ekupheleni kwebusika. Uma lesi sitshalo sisetshenziselwa ukugoqa, ukusika izihlahla kwenziwa kabili ngonyaka: entwasahlobo nasekupheleni kwehlobo. Ngo-Meyi noSeptemba, izihlahla ezihlanzekile zenziwa: amahlumela asuswe abangela ukuthi i-asymmetry yamahlathi, amagatsha abuthakathaka nobuhlungu. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise i-pruner ngokusika izihlahla, ngoba emva kwekhasi kukhona izindawo ezilimele eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo (kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba) isiko sikholwa njalo ngenyanga nesilungiselelo esiyinkimbinkimbi esenzelwe izimbali. Kwanele 5 kg ngesikwele esingu-1. Amaminerali amaminerali omunye we-shrub esayiziphakathi.
Kubalulekile! Udinga ukwazi ukuthi ngenxa yemali engaphezulu ngokweqile ye-nitrogen fertilizer eyethulwa ikakhulukazi ekuwa kwekwephuzile, ikhono le-shrub lokumelana nesimo sezulu esibandayo nesithwathwa liyanciphisa kakhulu, kuze kube yilapho lingase life.
Ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa, kubalulekile ukunamathela ekulinganiseni ukuchelela. Ehlobo sasehlobo, kwanele ukuphuza i-laurel kanye nezinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Ebusika, lapho isitshalo siphumule, nciphisa ukuchelela kanye kanye namasonto amabili. Umswakama owengeziwe odingekile wenziwa ngesomiso esinamandla noma ukufika endaweni evulekile.
Ungavumeli ukuqhuma kwamanzi endaweni yesimiso somuthi, ngoba kungabangela ukubola kwezimpande futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukufa kwesitshalo. Lapho ukhula izitshalo ezinkomeni noma izithombo zokugcina izithombo, inhlabathi isetshenziselwa izingxenye ezilinganayo ze-peat kanye nezwe elivundile.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Njengoba amaqabunga kanye namagxolo alo masiko enobuthi, cishe akubonakalwanga izifo kanye nemiphumela eyingozi yezinambuzane. Into eyingozi kunazo zonke ye-laurel cherry yi-powdery isikhutha, ebonakala njengamabala amhlophe emaqabunga. Ukwelashwa kwezindawo ezilimele nge-fungicides ekhethekile noma imikhiqizo esekelwe ngesulfure kubhekwa njengendlela ephumelela kakhulu yokubhekana namazolo. Isizathu sokubonakala kwamaphaphu ama-poddery singaphezu kokuswakama emhlabathini, ngakho kufanele ulungise ukutshala kwesitshalo.
Phakathi kwezinambuzane ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu kwi-shrub singaphila i-scovitka noma i-mealybug. Ukulwa nabo yi-fungicides nezinambuzane.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo
I-Lavrovishnya, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezizwe zaseCaucasus, sekuyisikhathi eside ibiwa ngokuba yizindawo zokuphulukisa. Amaqabunga asitshalo acebile ngamafutha abalulekile, ama-tannins, amafutha, ama-flavonoids, anesifo sokuhlaselwa, ukulwa nokuvuvukala, umphumela wokwehlisa umzimba. Zisetshenziswa yi:
- yokwelapha izifo eziningi zesimiso sezinzwa, ngokucindezeleka, ukucindezeleka, ukucasula;
- njengendlela yokwelashwa eyengeziwe kwezinye izinhlobo zesifo sofuba;
- ukwelashwa kokukhwehlela nezifo zokuphefumula;
- ezifweni zesimiso senhliziyo, ikakhulukazi, ama-arrhythmias, aneurysm;
- njengesidakamizwa esengeziwe ekwelapheni umdlavuza wesibeletho, izicubu ze-ovarian;
- ekwelapheni ama-hemorrhoids, ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba somlenze.
Ngaphandle kwezihlahla ze-cherry cherry, i-oregano (oregano), i-chervil, i-caraway, i-rocambol, i-melon, i-sucker, i-hops, i-oxalis, i-calendula ne-buttercups nayo inomthelela omuhle ohlelweni lwesimo senhliziyo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwesitshalo akunakuphikwa, futhi imithi yendabuko inikeza izindlela zokupheka eziningana ezizokwenza ngcono impilo nokuphulukisa ezinye izifo:
- Ukuthuthukisa indlela yokugaya nokulala. Izimbiza zezithelo zichotshoziwe, zixutshwe ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1 noshukela. Ithuluzi lithathwa emva kokudla okungu-1 tsp. Izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku.
- Ngezizwa ezibuhlungu esiswini nasemathunjini. 2 tbsp. l amaqabunga ochotshoziwe aphuza ama-250 ml wamanzi afudumele, anikeze imizuzu engu-15-20, isihlungi. Thatha umhluzi ngokuqinile ku-2 tbsp. l ngobuhlungu.
- With ikhanda. Ama-cherry we-Bone achotshoziwe futhi adliwe yi-1 tsp., Ukuhlanzwa ngobisi obuhlaza.
Kubalulekile! Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungenzi umuthi lo muthi, ngoba uqukethe izinto ezinamandla, ezinobuthi ezingabangela ukusabela, ukuhlanza, ukuhlanza, ikhanda, ukucindezeleka kwegazi. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngokusekelwe ku-cherry laurel, kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho ngaso sonke isikhathi.
I-cherry laurel yi-shrub enesithakazelisayo, enhle futhi ewusizo engeke ibe yinto yokuhlobisa kuphela engadini yakho, kodwa futhi "umngane" oyigugu wokwelashwa kwezifo eziningi. Amasiko asetshenziswe ngempumelelo emithini yesimanje ekwakheni izidakamizwa, ama-tinctures, extracts. Kodwa kumelwe sikhumbule ukuthi lesi sitshalo sinobuthi, asivunyelwe ukuyisebenzisa ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela.
Ukubuyekeza okuvela kwinethiwekhi.
