Iphunga elimnandi, ubuhle besithelo nokunambitheka kwamanzi - konke lokhu kuyizihlahla ze-apula ze-Fuji

Namuhla kukhona kakade izinhlobo eziningi zama-apula, kanti enye ye-Fuji edume kakhulu futhi enhle kakhulu ibonakala eRussia nasemhlabeni jikelele.

Iphunga lezinyosi, inyama enhle e-crispy, isikhumba esihlanzekile, umgogodla ophakathi nendawo - konke lokhu kufanelwe uthando lwabalimi. Izinhlobonhlobo zisakazwa kakhulu eChina, eU.SA nase-Austria, nakuba kwakhiwa ezweni laseJapane elikude. Kodwa emashumini eminyaka edlule, uFuji uye wahlula njalo izimakethe zaseRussia nase-Ukraine.

Uhlobo luni?

Fuji - ebusika apula ezihlukahlukene, wadalwa ngqo ekuvuneni kamuva ngonyaka kanye nokugcina emakhazeni.

Izithelo zebanga zingagcinwa okungenani kuze kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, kanye nokuvunwa okulandelayo. Ukuze silondoloze ukubukeka nokunambitheka kwama-apula, kufanele kufakwe efrijini noma nge-cellar epholile.

Kulula ukugcina ama-apula, afanele ukuhamba ibanga elide ngisho nesikhathi sasebusika. Kodwa ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, udinga ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezifanele impova ye-Fuji.

Ukuvotela kwe-apula

Umuthi awuzibopheli impova, udinga ezinye izinhlobo. Kuhle kakhulu njengeGala, i-Grani Smith, i-Ligol, i-Golden, i-Everest, i-Red Delishes.

Kodwa i-Fuji ngokwayo i-diploid eyodwa, okusho ukuthi ingavotela ezinye izihlahla ze-apula.

Ukuthandwa kwezihlukahlukene akudalwanga kusukela ekuqaleni. Futhi kungani, wadala ezweni elikude kakhulu neRussia, wamukeleka kithi? Futhi hhayi kuphela ukuqashelwa, kodwa futhi izimpande ezifana "engavamile" futhi "ehlanjululwe".

Incazelo ye-Fuji

Isithombe sithatha isihlahla se-apula seFuji, futhi ngezansi incazelo egcwele yomuthi.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Fuji zibukeka njengomuthi omude, oqinile, onomqhele omuhle ngamagatsha aqinile.

Ngasekupheleni kwekwindla, zigcotshwe ngama-apple amancane, angenayo amabala amnyama noma umbala ongalingani.

1. Isitfombe sihlanganiswa nomuthi omude ogcwele ukuvuthwa kwesigqi somkhathi. Ukuvimbela lokhu, ingxenye ye-ovary ingahlungwa.
2. Umuthi we-apula unamandla amakhulu okukhula. Amamitha angu-4-6 afinyelela kalula ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle.
3. Umqhele wenziwa ngokushesha, kalula, kunalokho omkhulu, kodwa ngokungaqondakali, njengoba amagatsha ekhula ngezindlela ezahlukene. Lokhu kungalungiswa ngokubunjwa kwamasipha omqhele - bese kuthiwa kube yinkimbinkimbi noma i-oval-round, kahle kahle. Ekupheleni kwekwindla, iFuji iyisigatsha esingenalutho enezithelo ezinkulu ezikhanyayo kuzo.
4. Bark ukukhanya obomvu, nge-tints encane encane, hhayi ngokuqhakaziza kakhulu. Amahlumela amancane alula, alula, anenani elincane lamalenti.
5. Amaqabunga angama-lanceolate-oval noma alula, ephethe ukuphela okucacile. I-Pubescence ibonakala kuphela lapho ipuleti ikhula. Izimbali ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile, ama-stalk kufanele abaleke ngeso lengqondo.

Izithelo zibhekwa njengezikhangisa kakhulu emakethe.. Sizobona ukuthi kungani.

1. Ifomu elifanele, ubuso obushelelezi bomzimba.
2. I-pink ebomvu noma umbala obomvu oheha ukunakwa.
3. Inyama imhlophe, umbala wesikhilimu. Okumnandi, okumnandi noma okumuncu-okumnandi, okune-crispy, okunephunga elimnandi.
4. Umgogodla ulinganiselwe, amakamelo embewu ayomzimba, alula.
5. Isisindo esikhulu (200-250 g).

Ezihlukahlukene ezigqamile, ezivelele kahle kokubili ukubukeka nokunambitheka, kwakungelula ukukhipha. Kodwa kuze kube manje, abakhiqizi bahlala phezu kwawo, kakade esikhathini esizayo, izihlahla ezintsha ze-apula.

Isithombe

Umlando wokuzala

Ibanga litholwe eJapane ngo-1920. Abanini bezandla bawela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze Red Red and Rolls Janet. Kubo kwakubalulekile ukudala umuthi onjalo we-apula ukuthi uzosinda kalula kokushisa kwama-frosty nezinyanga ezomile zasehlobo.

Umphumela umkhiqizo omnandi, omusha osakhonsa abalandeli abasha phakathi kokubili abaqeqeshiwe nabathengi. E-United States kwalethwa kuphela kuma-80slapho athola khona ukuthandwa. Waqala ukucabangela okungajwayelekile, okungavamile ukunambitheka kwakhe.

Abalimi bahlukana nezinye izinhlobo ezifana nomunye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo balimi bafuna ukulondoloza izindawo zomuthi kanye nokuthakazelisa kwesithelo.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezivela eJapane zaqala ukukhula kuwo wonke amazwe, zinezici zayo ezifundeni ezihlukene. Ababelethi baye badala ama-clones adumile eRussia nakwamanye amazwe.

Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo

Ekuqaleni, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zakhula eJapane, kodwa manje sezikhulile emhlabeni jikelele, ngisho nasezindaweni ezibandayo ezibandayo.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezibandayo ezibandayo, ezifanele eRussia central, zingabamba izithelo emagatsheni kuze kufike amakhaza.

Ngisho noma kungekho amaqabunga asele esihlahleni, ukuvuna kuhle kakhulu ukuvuna ngokuqondile esikhathini esinjalo. Kubalulekile ukukhetha i-clone efanele yokulima - kuyoxhomeka esikhathini sokuvuthwa, ukumelana kwezinkuni nezithelo ezingeni lezendalo.

Manje kukhona ama-clone amaningana we-apula. Thina (e-Krasnodar Territory) sikhula ezihlukahlukene ezibomvu i-Fujik, e-Italy - i-Kiku.

Nakuba noma yisiphi isitshalo esithintekile esifundeni lapho sikhula khona, isivuno sonke singatholakala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi baseFuji bafuna ukwenza izithelo ngendlela enokwenzeka.

Ukuthela

Abalimi beBakala Fuji bayakwazisa isivuno esikhulu. Ngokuvamile, iqoqo lingase liqale ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba, uma selivele libalale kakhulu. Umuthi ukhula njalo ngonyaka wesibili ngendlela elula, ukuze isivuno sisuswe cishe njalo ekwindla sekwephuzile.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Ukunakekelwa akufani kakhulu nokukhathalela ezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula, kunezici ezimbalwa ezihambisana nokukhethwa okuthile.

1. Ukutshala uFuji kungcono ngakwesokunxele, lapho umuthi uzothola ilanga elanele ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukufinyelela komoya mahhala kuyadingeka.
2. Inhlabathi kufanele ihanjiswe izakhi kanye nokugqoka, yakha imvelo enomsoco.
3. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, kunconywa ukuba unqume ingxenye yama-ovari esithatha amandla amakhulu kakhulu esihlahleni se-apula. Khona-ke umuthi ngeke ukhululeke ngezithelo, ikhwalithi yesitshalo iyokhula, okusho kokubili ukunambitheka nosayizi.
4. Kodwa ukunakekelwa akugcini kuphela ekudleni nasekunqeni i-ovary. I-Fuji nakuba ibanga elingavumelani, kodwa libhekene nezifo zabo.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-Fuji, nakuba imelana nokubandayo, ingaqedwa ngamabhaktheriya nama-aphid. Okokuqala kuyingozi ngoba isihlahla asikwazi ukusindiswa, kuphela ukuvimbela ukusiza.

1. Umkhuhlane we-powdery kanye nokutheleleka kwama-bacteria kungalimaza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, ngakho ukuvikelwa kwezilokazane ezinjalo kubalulekile. Ukusuka kubhaktheriya bashise nje ukulondoloza imisebe yelanga, ethanda kakhulu isihlahla. Kusuka ezidakamizweni ezifanelekayo eziqukethe ithusi.
2. Uma lesi sihlahla sesithintekile kakade ngamabhaktheriya, kuyoba okuphephile ukuyisusa, ngoba ukutheleleka kuzosakazeka kwamanye ama-apula.
3. Isikhumba singabangela umonakalo omkhulu kumuthi we-apula uma lesi sifo singasebenzi. Izihlahla ezincane zithandwa kakhulu. Ukuvimbela - Ukuphalaza nge-1% ye-Bordeaux liquid. Uma i-Fuji isuvele igciwane, sebenzisa ama-fungicides.
4. Eminyakeni eshisayo, uFuji angahlala e-aphid ebangela ukulimala okukhulu. Baqala ukulwa nabo entwasahlobo, besebenzisa i-peritroids, ehlobo - amalungiselelo e-phospho-organic.
5. Ukuvikela isitshalo ngaphambi kokutshala, unciphise uhlelo lwempande kwisisombululo se-1% se-copper sulfate for 3-4 imizuzu bese ugeza ngamanzi.

Izihlahla zidinga izihlahla ezihlanzekile, zenziwa njalo, ziphuza futhi zondla.

Ngokuvamile, ukuvikelwa nokupuniza kuzosindisa uFuji ekulahlekelweni kwezithelo uma kwenziwa kusengaphambili ngosizo lwezindlela ezikhethekile. Ungabathenga kuzo zonke izitolo zensimu.

I-Fuji iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene yesimo sezulu lapho izinsuku ezishisayo zasehlobo azihlali khona njalo. Ama-apula azibonakalise emazweni ahlukene ngenxa yokunambitheka nokucebile.

Ziqoqwe ekupheleni kwekwindla, futhi ungazigcina zipholile kuze kufike isivuno esilandelayo.. Ukuphikelela kwezithelo kwenza kube lula ukuthutha, ukuze abathandi be-apula bevela emazweni ahlukene sebevele behlangene noFuji.