Ekupheleni kwekhulu lokugcina, i-plum yase-Belarusian ye-plum uNayden yeqa imingcele futhi isakazekela ngempumelelo ezifundeni zeRussia Ephakathi. Yiziphi izimfanelo ezaba nomthelela kulokhu, ukwedlula kokuthola ukuqashelwa. Ngabe kufanelekile ukuba umlimi akhethe lokhu okunhlobonhlobo, ahlela ukubeka ingadi.
Incazelo yebanga
Izithelo zemizamo ehlanganyelwe yeBelarusian Research Institute of Horticulture kanye neCrimean Testingental Breeding Station (Krymsk, Krasnodar Territory) ye-All-Russian Institute Institute of Planting Plant. Yahlotshaniswa ngonyaka we-1986 futhi yafakwa kurejista Yombuso ngonyaka we-1993. Iboniswe esifundeni seCentral Black Earth kanye neLower Volga.
Lesihlahla siphakathi nendawo ngomqhele oyindilinga. Amagatsha aqondile, awugqinsi (3.5-4 cm), abuthakathaka amagatsha. I-hardness yasebusika isezingeni eliphakeme, ukuvikelwa kwezifo nezinambuzane kuphakathi, ukubekezelela isomiso kuphakathi.
Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo zakuqala - eminyakeni eyishumi kaJulayi. Ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi kulungile - iminyaka engu-2-3 kusukela esikhathini sokugoma. Ukukhiqiza kuphakeme, kuvamile. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zingahlala emagatsheni isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuqhekeka futhi hhayi ukuqhekeka.
Amajikijolo yi-ovoid, enesisindo esivamile sama-26-27 amagremu. Ngokusho kweVNIISPK (Isikhungo Sokucwaninga Sezinto Zonke SaseRussia) - i-31 amagremu. Umbala wesikhumba u-burgundy, ngokusho kweVNIISPK - i-red-violet. I-peel is mncane, iphakathi nendawo, itholakala kalula. Uginindela uphuzi, uju, uneminyene. Ngokusho kweVNIISPK - i-orange, i-fibrous, i-medium-dense, fat-fat. Ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kumuncu, kuhle. Itshe lincane, lingeneka kancane. Inhloso yezithelo yonke.
Umbala wesikhumba we-cherry plum Nayden - burgundy
Izinhlobo zabathutha impova
Izinhlobonhlobo ziyazazisa, ziyaqhakaza ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Ukusetha izithelo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kube nokuvumbulula ngasikhathi sinye okuqhakaza njengezinhlobo ze-cherry iplamu komakhelwane:
- Mara
- INesmeyana;
- Isipho eSt.
- Vitba;
- Isihambi nabanye.
Ividiyo: isibuyekezo esifushane se-cherry plum Nayden
Ukutshala izinhlobo ze-cherry iplamu uNayden
I-Alycha Nayden iyazikhukhumeza ekwakhekeni komhlaba nasekugcinweni kwayo, kepha ayinakukhula ndawo. Ngeke ikhule endaweni enamanzi futhi enezikhukhula. I-Acidic, usawoti, nenhlabathi esindayo nayo akuyona eyakhe. Umoya obandayo wasenyakatho uyingozi kwi-cherry plum. Futhi ngeke iqhume emthunzini obukhulu.
Kungcono ukutshala iNaydenu eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga, lapho kukhona khona izihlahla eziwugqinsi, udonga lwesakhiwo noma uthango olusenyakatho noma empumalanga esenyakatho. Uma kungekho ukuvikeleka okunjalo - kufanelekile ukuthi unakekele ukwenziwa kwamabhodi akhethekile apendwe mhlophe ngodaka luk lime. Ukuvikelwa okunjalo kuzovikela umuthi omncane emoyeni obandayo. Ingaphezulu elimhlophe lesivikelo libonisa imisebe yelanga, engeza futhi ifudumele futhi ikhanyise iplamu le-cherry.
Izithombo ezithengiwe ngohlelo lwezimpande ezivaliwe zingatshalwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba. Uma izithombo ezinezimpande ezivulekile, kufanele zitshalwe kuphela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu.
Isinyathelo-by-sinyathelo sokufika
Njengokujwayelekile, inqubo iqala ngokutholwa kwesithombo. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ekwindla - ngalesi sikhathi ukukhethwa okubanzi kwezinga eliphakeme lokutshala. Khetha isitshalo sonyaka owodwa noma emibili enohlelo oluhle lwezimpande, amagxolo anempilo, lapho kungekho khona imifantu nomonakalo. Kuze kube sentwasahlobo, lesi yisithombo sigcinwa simbelwa emhlabathini noma ngaphansi esilinganisweni esingu-0-5 ° C. Izimpande kufanele zibe sesimweni somswakama. Okulandelayo, qhubekisela phambili ekusebenzeni kwemisebenzi yokutshala.
Uhlelo lwezimpande lwe-cherry plum yisithombo kufanele lukhule kahle
- Lungiselela umgodi wokufika. Ukuze wenze lokhu:
- Bamba umgodi ngokujula kwamasentimitha angama-70-80 nobubanzi obufanayo.
- Esimweni lapho inhlabathi inesisindo, ubumba - ungqimba lwamanzi amasentimitha ayi-12-15 lubekwe phansi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa isitini esaphukile, ubumba olwandisiwe, amatshe amatshe, njll.
- Ingxube yezilinganiso ezilinganayo ze-chernozem, isihlabathi, i-peat ne-humus ithululelwa phezulu.
- Faka amagremu angama-300-400 we-superphosphate, amalitha ama-3-4 womlotha wokhuni uhlanganise kahle nefosholo noma i-pitchfork.
- Bayimboza ngezinto ezingavikeleki amanzi kuze kube sentwasahlobo (isaladi, izinto zokuphahla, njll.) Ukuze amanzi ancibilike angahlambi izakhi.
- Entwasahlobo bakhipha isithombo endaweni yokukhosela. Ngemuva kokuqikelela ukuthi ushintshe ubusika ngokuphepha, izimpande emanzini zifakwe emanzini ngokufakwa kweKornevin, Epin, Heteroauxin noma esinye isivuseleli sezimpande.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, izimpande zesithombo se-cherry iplamu zifakwe emanzini amahora angama-2-3
- Ngemuva kwamahora angama-2-3, ingxenye yenhlabathi iyasuswa emgodini wokutshala ukuze uhlelo lwempande lukhule.
- Indunduma encane yenziwa emgodini, ongaphezulu kwayo kufanele ube sezingeni lomhlabathi.
- Isithombo sibekwa phezu kwe knoll ukuze intambo yezimpande iphumule phezulu, futhi izimpande zisatshalaliswa nxazonke.
- Gcwalisa umgodi ngomhlaba ngamaqhinga ambalwa, isikhathi ngasinye sicwila kahle. Njengoba indunduma yayikhululekile, ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa inhlabathi izohlala futhi intamo yezimpande ibe sezingeni lomhlabathi - yilokhu okudingekayo.
Umsuka wempande yesithombo kufanele ube sezingeni lomhlabathi
- Eduze kwesihlahla, kwakhiwa isiyingi sesqubhu eceleni kobubanzi bomgodi. Lokhu kulula ukwenza nge-chopper noma umsiki wendiza.
- Nisela ukuze yonke inhlabathi esegodini ikanyiswe kahle. Umhlaba omanzi unamathela kahle ezimpandeni futhi akukho zono okufanele zihlale zizungezile.
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-2-3, inhlabathi kumele idedelwe futhi imbozwe ungqimba lwe-mulch ngobukhulu obungamasentimitha angama-5-7.
- Isithombo sisikwa sibe ngamasentimitha angama-60-80. Uma kunamagatsha - anciphise ngo-40-50%.
Izici zokutshala nobuqili bezokunakekelwa
Akukho lutho olukhethekile nolungajwayelekile emithethweni yokutshala i-cherry plum Nayden, kanye nokumnakekela, cha. Isethi ejwayelekile yemisebenzi yezolimo ejwayelekile, emifushane.
Ukunisela
I-Cherry iplamu iniselwa njalo - cishe kanye ngenyanga. Ngenkathi umuthi usemncane futhi izimpande zingakakhuli, kudingeka ukuthambisa okuthe xaxa. Ukugeleza kwamanzi kufanele kunikeze umswakama wenhlabathi ukujula kwamasentimitha angama-25-30. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-1-2, umbuthano wesiqu udedelwe futhi wahlanganiswa.
Lapho unisela i-cherry iplamu, udinga ukuthambisa inhlabathi ube ngamasentimitha angama-25-30
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Inani elanele lokudla komzimba libekwa emgodini wokufika eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila kwesitshalo. Njengomthetho, ukugqokwa okuphezulu kokuqala kuqala ukusetshenziselwa ngemuva kokuqala kokuzala, lapho izakhi zomzimba zidliwa ngobuningi.
Ithebula: Izinhlobo zokugqoka eziphezulu, isikhathi nezindlela zokusebenzisa
| Umanyolo | Amanani wokusebenzisa nezindlela zokusebenzisa | Izinsuku, imvamisa |
| Okuphilayo | ||
| Umquba, humus, utshani Peat | Ibhakede elilodwa kumamitha amabili skwele lifakwe emhlabathini | Entwasahlobo noma ekwindla ngokunqunyelwa kweminyaka engama-2-3 |
| I-Liquid | Faka amalitha amabili e-mullein (ungafaka ilitha elilodwa lezinto zokuphonsa inyoni noma isigamu sebhakede lootshani obusikiwe) ebhakedeni lamanzi izinsuku ezingama-5-7. Ngemuva kwalokho ihlanjululwe ngamanzi u-1: 10 futhi wanisela. | Isikhathi sokuqala lapho kwakhiwa amaqanda, khona-ke ezinye izikhathi ezimbili njalo emavikini angama-2-3 |
| Amaminerali | ||
| I-nitrogen (urea, ammonium nitrate, nitroammofosk) | Vala emhlabathini lapho ugaya, into ejwayelekile ingama-20-30 amagremu ngemitha skwele ngalinye | Minyaka yonke entwasahlobo |
| I-Potash (potassium sulfate, potophasium monophosphate) | Dissolve gramu eziyi-10-20 ebhakedeni lamanzi - lokhu kuyinto ejwayelekile ngesikwele ngasinye | Minyaka yonke ekuqaleni kwehlobo |
| Kuhlanganisiwe | Faka isicelo ngokwemiyalo | |
Akufanele "ukhulule" i-cherry plum. Umanyolo owedlulele ulimaza isihlahla ngaphezu kokushoda kwazo.
Ukuncipha
Abanye abalimi abanaki ngenxa yokusikeka kwe-cherry plum futhi ngeze. Ngokufanele nangesikhathi, ukuncipha kuqalile kukuvumela ukuthi uthole isivuno esiphakeme.
Ithebula: izinhlobo zokusikeka, imigomo nezindlela zokusebenzisa
| Igama Trim | Uma uchithe isikhathi | Ngayiphi indlela |
| Okuhlelekile | Ukuqala kukaMashi. Isikhathi sokuqala emva kokutshala bese kuba iminyaka engama-4-5. | Nikeza umqhele ukwakheka "kwesitsha" esiphakeme |
| Ezokulawula | Minyaka yonke, ekuqaleni kukaMashi | Ezimweni lapho umqhele uqinisiwe, izihloko namahlumela akhula ngaphakathi komqhele anqunywa |
| Ukusekela | Minyaka yonke ngoJuni | Amahlumela amancane ancishiswa ngamasentimitha ayi-10–12 (le ndlela ibizwa ngokujaha). Ngenxa yalokhu, amahlumela aqala ukugatsha, kubekwa ezinye izithelo ezifihlekile. |
| Inhlanzeko | Minyaka yonke, ukuphela kuka-Okthoba nokuqala kuka-Mashi | Amagatsha omile, aphukile futhi anesifo asikwa "kwindandatho" |
Nge-cherry plum Naiden, ukwakheka komqhele kohlobo "lwesitsha" oluthuthukisiwe kufanelekile
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ngokuya ngezinyathelo zokuqapha, i-cherry plum, njengomthetho, ayithinteki kakhulu ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni.
Ukuvimbela
Umlimi owenza umsebenzi wokuhlanzeka nokuvimbela angabeka isivuno esiphakeme nesisezingeni eliphakeme.
Ithebula: ukulondolozwa kwendle nokuvikela izifo
| Ububanzi bomsebenzi | Izihloko |
| Ukuqoqwa nokulahlwa kwamaqabunga awileyo | Okthoba |
| Izihlahla zokuhlanzeka | Okthoba, Mashi |
| Ukumhlophe kwamabheshi namagatsha wamathambo ngesisombululo se-lime esisitshekile ngokufakwa kwe-1% yethusi sulfate noma ye-Bordeaux | Ukuphela kuka-Okthoba |
| Ukumba ngokujulile iziqu zemithi ngokuguqula izingqimba zomhlaba | Ukuphela kuka-Okthoba |
| Ukufafaza inhlabathi kanye nomqhele ngesisombululo se-3% se-zethusi sulfate noma nge-Bordeaux | Ukuphela kuka-Okthoba, ukuqala kukaMashi |
| Ukufafaza umqhele kanye nesiqu nge-DNOC (kanye njalo emva kweminyaka emithathu) neNitrafen (ngonyaka) | Ukuhamba masishane |
| Ukufakwa kwamabhande okuzingela | Ukuhamba masishane |
| Ukufafaza umqhele nge-fungicides ehlelekile (Skor, Chorus, Quadris, njll.) | Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, bese kuthi njalo emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu |
Cishe izifo
Umlimi kufanele azi izimpawu zesifo se-plum esikhulu. Njengomthetho, lezi yizifo fungal futhi ziphathwa nge fungicides.
I-Moniliosis
Entwasahlobo, lapho ama-cherry plum aqhakaza nezinyosi ziqoqa umpe, zona kanye nempova, zisabalalisa izinhlamvu zomenzeli walesi sifo emilenzeni. Ukhunta lufaka imbali yesitshalo, ngokusebenzisa ukungena kwephalamende kungena ihlumela bese lingena emaqabunga. Izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo ziyabuna, bese ziba mnyama. Ngaphandle, kubukeka njenge-frostbite noma ukushiswa ngelangabi. Kungakho igama lesibili lalesi sifo - ukushiswa kwezilwane. Ngemuva kokuthola izimpawu zalesi sifo, manqume ngokushesha amahlumela athintekile. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi uthwebu amasentimitha angama-20-30 enkuni ezinempilo, ngoba ukhunta kungenzeka ukuthi seludlulile kunezindawo ezithintekile. Ngemuva kwalokho yenza ukwelashwa nge-fungicides. Ehlobo, i-moniliosis ithinta amajikijolo e-cherry plum nge-grey bola - izithelo ezinjalo zidinga ukuqoqwa futhi zichithwe.
Ehlobo, i-moniliosis ithinta amajikijolo e-cherry plum nge-grey bola
Polystigmosis
Isibonakaliso se-polystigmosis ukwakheka kwezindawo ezibomvu emaqabungeni e-cherry plum. Le nto yanikeza igama lesibili lesi sifo - ibala elibomvu. Ngokuthuthuka okuthe xaxa kwesikhunta, amaqabunga ayoma futhi ayiwe, izithelo ziba nenala futhi zingabi nakuthela.
Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokutheleleka kwe-cherry plum nge-polystigmosis ukuvela kwezindawo ezibomvu emaqabungeni
Kleasterosporiosis
Lesi sifo sifana nesokuqala. Umehluko ukuthi amabala ansundu abonakala emaqabungeni ngesikhathi sokutheleleka ngefungus ayakhula bese ephenduka izimbobo. Ngakho igama lesibili lalesi sifo - umgodi obonakalayo.
Nge kleasterosporiosis izimbobo ziyavela amaqabunga
Izinambuzane ezingaba khona
Izinambuzane eziphambili ze-cherry iplamu yizimvemvane amabhungane abeka amaqanda emaqabungeni nasezimbali zezitshalo, lapho kuvela khona amacimbi. Izilokazane ezilandelayo zivame kakhulu:
- I-Thorax. Izibungu zaleli bhungane zingena ngaphakathi emathanjeni zidle umnyombo. Ngenxa yalokhu, amajikijolo ayabuna ngaphambi kokuba avuthwe.
- I-Plum moth. Izibungu zakhe zivame ukudla amajikijolo avuthiwe. Phezu kwesithelo esithintekile, izimbotshana ezinamaconsi ezinsini zivame ukubonwa.
- Plum sawfly. Izibungu zalesi sinambuzane zidla imbewu yamajikijolo aluhlaza ngesikhathi lapho igobolondo elinzima lingakakhiwa. Kuyacaca ukuthi amajikijolo athintekile ngeke avuthwe.
Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kufanele kwenziwe entwasahlobo. Kuqukethe ukufafaza umqhele wesihlahla ngama-insecticides ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ngemuva kokuqhakaza nezinye izikhathi ezimbili ngokuphumula kweviki elilodwa. Faka isicelo seDecis, iFufanon, i-Iskra-Bio, njll.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, noma yikuphi ukucubungula akuvunyelwe. Izinyosi zingahlupheka ngalokhu.
Igalari yezithombe: izinambuzane ezingama-cherry plum
- I-centipede ivame ukuthukuthelisa umlimi
- Izibungu ezikhulu izibiliboco zidla izikhwebu zamakhemikhali
- I-butterfly plum moth inokubukeka kwe-nondescript
- Uphemba wethimu weplamu udla i-berry kusuka ngaphakathi
- IPlum sawfly yisinambuzane esihle esihle
- Ngaphakathi kwalesi berry kukhona i-larum sawfly larva
Ukubuyekezwa Kwebanga
Eminyakeni emibili edlule, watshala i-cherry plum Nayden, ayikhipha e-nursery evela eSmolensk. Akazange ayithathe, bekumele ngiyikhiphe. Namuhla ngibone izinhlobonhlobo ezifanayo esitolo, zithengiwe, zatshalwa, ngasika phezulu komqhele. Sizoyilinda ukuthi ikhule ...
Kuzmin Igor Evgenievich, Isifunda saseMoscow, iPavlovsky Posad
//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=1411.40
U-Elena Sergeevna wabhala (a): Ake ungitshele. I-Cherry plum yatholakala, itshalwe ngonyaka we-2005, inyuka ngo-2008. Kwavela ukuthi ayikulungeleli ukubekezela. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuyisici sezinhlobonhlobo noma izimo zami? Angizange ngilubumbe futhi lukhula esihlahleni. Lapho ngithenga ku-TSHA, bagcizelela ukuthi ayigonywanga, kodwa izimpande. Mhlawumbe kungcono ukushiya isiqu esisodwa? U-Elena Sergeevna, i-cherry iplamu yayo uNayden ayixineki ebusika. Engqulweni yakho (impande), ifomu lesihlahla lithembekile ngokwengeziwe. Kulindelwe ukuthi iqhwa elinamandla lingabi bikho qhwa ebusika, kungakuhle ukucubungula umbuthano wesiqu (cm15-20). Ngokufa kwengxenye yendiza, nokugcina impande, konke kuzobuyiselwa. Umkhiqizo ungakhula uma kunama-pollinators amahle (futhi ne-plum ye-cherry noma i-plums ye-whale) eduzane, kanye nokudla okufanele (ukukhipha umhlabathi). Qhathanisa ukubukeka nokwami (ku-albhamu, k. 3). Kukhona ukungabaza, kuhlangane: ophuzi, ngine-t / red.
i-toliam1, iSt. Petersburg
//forum.tvoysad.ru/viewtopic.php?t=114&start=320
Anatoly, ngithole ubomvu omnyama, ovuthiwe ngisho nokugqekeza, njengokwakho. Kubukeka ngathi okwakho. Ngicabanga ukuthi ngezeluleko zakho udinga ukukhulisa inhlabathi. Ngibonga u-Anatoly no Chamomile ngeseluleko.
Elena Sergeevna, eMoscow, eVeshnyaki
//forum.tvoysad.ru/viewtopic.php?t=114&start=320
Lena, kuvela ukuthi awunawo. Ithambo lami alihlukani, kepha inyama ayiphuzi, kodwa icishe ibomvu. Yebo, lo jester naye, usamnandi, mkhulu futhi akagodoli okwamanje, ngakho-ke ngizoqhubeka nokutshala. Ukuphela kwento ehlekisayo ukuthi akekho umuntu esithangamini ongazazi ngempela izinhlobo ze-red plum ebomvu. Izithelo zabo bonke zehlukile futhi zithengwe kakhulu eRostock.
vildanka, Bashkortostan
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=430&start=2400
Izinzuzo eziphambili zezinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry plum Nayden - ukuvuthwa kwangaphambi kokukhiqiza, ukukhiqiza ubusika kanye nekhwalithi yezithelo. Ukushiyeka okuhlobene akuvimbeli lokhu kuhluka ekusebenziseni ngokuzethemba ubuciko obusha nobusha eCentral Russia. Umlimi otshala uNaiden esizeni akakwazi ukuzisola ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
