Ukukhiqiza ukukhiqiza

Imithetho eyisisekelo yezithombo ezikhulayo ze-pepper: ukuthi ungagcwalisa kanjani imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala

I-Pepper - enye yezitshalo zokuqala zemifino yiziphi izimila ezitshalwe izithombo. Lokhu kungenxa yesikhathi eside sokutshala kanye nesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo zalesi sitshalo eseningizimu.

Enye yemibuzo ehlala njalo ephathelene nezakhamuzi zasehlobo ingukuthi ingcolile imbewu ye-pepper ngaphambi kokutshala noma ukuyihlwanyela ngokushesha emhlabathini? Kusukela ekulungiseni okulungile ngaphambi kokuhluma kuncike ekupheleni komphumela - isivuno.

Ingabe imbewu ye-pepper kufanele ifakwe ngaphambi kokutshala, futhi kungani benza kanjalo?

Soak - inqubo ngokwayo iyakhethwa, inzalo iyohluma ngaphandle kwayo, futhi inganikeza isivuno esihle kakhulu. Lokhu kuvumela abalandeli bokuhlwanyela ngaphandle kokulungiselela ukufakazela ukuthi ukuthumba kuyingozi.

Ukuhlala ezimweni ezifudumala zezulu kwenza kube lula ukuhlwanyela i-pepper okungenani ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile, kusazoba nesikhathi esanele sokuvuthwa. Izakhamuzi zasezindaweni ezinomlilo zibiza nsuku zonke, futhi uma kunethuba lokusheshisa inqubo futhi zithole isikhathi ngaphambi kokuqeda, ziyayisebenzisa kalula, ngoba i-pepper evuthiwe ehlathini inempilo kakhulu futhi ibuhlungu kunokuba ifike kamuva. Ezimweni ezilinganiselwe, imbewu yepelepele kufanele ifakwe, ngaphandle kwalendlela, izithelo ngeke zithole isikhathi sokuvuthwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa.

Kodwa-ke, izakhamuzi zasehlobo - izakhamuzi ezifudumele, nazo, ngeke ziphazamise ukukhubazeka okunjalo: okokuqala, ukuvuna kuyanda kakhulu, futhi okwesibili, kuyamnandi lapho i-pepper isivuthiwe ngaphambi kwesimiso. Lokhu kusebenza ezinhlobonhlobo ezimnandi nezinyosi.

Uzoba nesithakazelo sokufunda mayelana nokutshala pepper elimnandi.

Izinzuzo zokufaka imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala:

  • ikuvumela ukuba unqobe izinsuku ezingu-7-10, njengoba amahlumela avela ezinkampanini eziphathekayo avela ngosuku lwama-5-7, ngenkathi lezohlwanyela zomelela kwamasonto amabili;
  • kwenza kube lula ukukhetha izitshalo eziqine kakhulu, ukuzinikela ngokuzivikela, ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane nokunikeza izimo ezinhle kakhulu ekuqaleni.
Kubalulekile! Qinisekisa ukuthi ugoqa imbewu yepelepele ngaphambi kokutshala, lapho kungekho ukuzethemba izinga lembewu. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuba ubone ngokushesha lokho okusebenzelana nakho, futhi ungabambeli ukucabanga.

Izigaba eziyinhloko zokulungiselela imbewu yepelepele

Ukulungiselela imbewu kuqala esiteji sokuthenga. Udinga ukucabangela ngokucophelela umenzi futhi uhlole ngokucophelela ulwazi olukhonjisiwe kuphakheji, ukhetha izici ezihlukahlukene ozidingayo. Umkhiqizi ozihloniphayo ubonisa ukuthi uphathwe kanjani. Ukuphathwa ngumkhiqizi kanye nembewu ehlanganisiwe akufanele ibe ngaphansi komthelela owengeziwe, ingahlwanyelwa kuphela emhlabathini. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi, nakuba bezokhuphuka amasonto ambalwa kamuva, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bayothola "izihlobo" zabo, bese bebafica, kuyilapho bezohlupheka ngaphansi kwezinambuzane nezifo.

Uyazi? Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVI, leli pepper lafika eRussia, noma kunalokho - endaweni yesimanje se-Astrakhan. Umthombo wokungena, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, yiTurkey ne-Iran.

Kungcono ukhethe lokho kwalabo abakhiqizi abahambisana ne-GOST kuboniswa emaphaketheni - kunokwethenjelwa kakhulu.

Iphakheji akufanele ibe yimuphi umonakalo owenziwe ngomshini. Kubalulekile ukulalela unyaka wokuqoqwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nesikhathi sokugcina sokuhlwanyela - lolu lwazi kufanele lube khona nakanjani.

Imbewu ye pepper, etshalwe ngonyaka wesibili emva kokuvuna, ilahlekelwa ukuhluma nokukhiqizwa kwayo ngesigamu.

Uma ufuna ukukhulisa isivuno esicebile, funda futhi uma kungcono ukuhlwanyela i-pepper ezitshalweni.

Ukulinganisa

Ukulinganisa ukuhlolwa kwembewu yokuhluma. Lapho ufaka isisombululo saline, izilinganiso ezingenalutho zihamba, futhi labo abakwazi ukuhluma bayazama phansi.

Uyazi? Kukhona i-nuance eyodwa: Izinto ezivela kubakhiqizi abakhulu zihlale zomile, ngakho ukucwiliswa kwisisombululo sikasawoti sembewu enjalo kuzobonisa ukuthi bonke abafanelekile, kodwa lokhu akulona iqiniso.

Ngaphambi kokuzifaka esixazululweni, kubalulekile ukuhlolisisa izinto ezivezwe ephepheni, bese ulahla masinyane ama-specimens angabonakala engafanelekile, futhi omncane kakhulu noma amakhulu kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, engilazini yamanzi udinga ukuqothula isipuni sikasawoti (noma ilitha lamanzi - 40 g usawoti) bese unciphisa imbewu lapho amahora angu-3-4. Abanye balimi banqunyelwe emaminithini ambalwa. Izitshalo ezikhukhulayo kufanele zilahlwe, kanti imbewu enomhlabathi kumele yomiswe ukuze kusetshenziswe noma kuhlwanyele ngokushesha.

Uma uthenge isikhwama esinezinhlamvu eziyishumi ezinhlobonhlobo ze-pepper, mhlawumbe akufanele uzilinganise - ukuhluma nokukhombisa ngokucacile. Kodwa imbewu eqoqwe ngabanye, etholakalayo kuwe ngemali ehloniphekile, kufanele ihlolwe ngendlela efanayo ukuze ilahlwe ngokushesha i-ballast engasebenzi.

I-Pickling

Ukuqubuka, noma ukucwiliswa kwe-disinfection, kwenziwa ukuze kusindiswe izinto zokusetshenziswa ezilungiselelwe kusuka ekungcoleni ngamagciwane okungalimaza isitshalo esizayo. Emgodleni walo, lokhu kungukungasebenzi nge-disinfection.

Kubalulekile! Ukwamukela ukugqoka kungenye yezinto eziyinhloko ekulungiseleleni ukuhlwanyela, zonke ezinye izinyathelo ezenziwa emva kwalo.

Ukucubungula okunjalo konke okufanelekile, okungekho okuthembekile emthonjeni wezinto zokusetshenziswa. Izinto ezivela enkampanini enkulu enedumela kungenzeka ukuthi azigqoke, ikakhulukazi uma iphakheji liqukethe ulwazi olwenzile kakade. Kodwa ziqoqwe ngabanye, zithola kubangani ngokushintshanisa, futhi ngisho nangaphezulu imbewu ethengwe emakethe kufanele ngokuqinisekile ihlelwe.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izidakamizwa ezahlukene: i-potassium permanganate (i-potassium permanganate), i-hydrogen peroxide, iviniga, i-boric acid kanye ne-formalin; Kukhona futhi amalungiselelo akhethekile angathengwa esitolo. Ngayinye yalezi zindlela kunezinzuzo zombili nezimo eziyingozi, futhi umgadi wensimu ukhetha ukuthi ubani ongayithanda.

Naphezu kokuthi i-potassium permanganate ayitholakali kalula ekuthengisweni, le nqubo isalokhu ethandwa kakhulu: inempilo yasemkhalofini elingenamkhawulo, futhi ithengwe eminyakeni eminingi edlule noma ngesikhathi se-bubble ihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Ezinye izindlela zokugqoka imbewu:

  • I-potassium permanganate Esikhathini esincane somnyama i-1%, imbewu isetshenziswe emanzini afudumele amahora angu-2-4, okuyinto, ukuze kube lula, ingafakwa esikhwameni se-gauze bese ishiywa imizuzu engu-15, bese igeza ngokushesha ngaphansi kwamanzi agijima bese ihlwanyelwa noma ihlelwe ngokushesha ephepheni ukuze umile.

Kubalulekile! Imbewu ingathola ukushiswa kwamakhemikhali uma kungenakunyakaziswa ngaphambi kwenqubo futhi ingahlanjululwanga emva kwayo.

  • I-hydrogen peroxide. Isixazululo sokukhipha ukungcola sidinga u-2-3%, kanti kufanele sishiswe ku-38-40 ° C. Gcina imbewu engaphezu kwemizuzu engu-7, hlambulula kahle.
  • I-boric acid. Isidakamizwa sihlanjululwa ngesilinganiso sehafu yesipuni se-asidi egumbini lamanzi. Ukushisa kwekhambi yi-25-30 ° C, isikhathi sokucubungula amahora angu-2-3.

Kubalulekile! Uma uphatha imbewu nganoma yiliphi i-asidi, gcina engqondweni ukuthi uma kune-crack encane kule mbewu, i-asidi izobangela kuye ukulimaza

  • Phytosporin. Umkhiqizo wezohwebo oqukethe amabhaktheriya emvelo nokulwa nezifo ezifuywayo. Ihlanjululwe ngesilinganiso samaconsi angu-4 ukusuka ehlathini elibhekene nesilazi samanzi.

Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingenakulondolozwa zingakwazi ukugcinwa isikhathi eside kunosuku, kuyinto efiselekayo ukutshala noma ukuqala ukuhluma.

Ukucubungula nge-microelements nokukhuthaza ukukhula

Ukucubungula nge-micronutrients kanye nokulawulwa kokukhula kuyadingeka ukuze kube nomthelela omuhle ngekhwalithi yezithombo nokuhluma, ukwandise ukumelana nemiphumela emibi nokumelana nezinguquko zokushisa okusheshayo, kanye nokwandisa isivuno.

Ukuze ucebise inzalo usebenzisa ukumnika umlotha, ijusi le-aloe, kanye nokuthengwa kwezidakamizwa "Epin", "Zircon", "Ivin" nabanye.

  • Le nqubo isetshenziselwa kuphela emva kokucwiliswa kwe-disinfection, kodwa akukho nhlobo ngaphambi kwayo.
  • Hlanganisa izakhi ezilandelanayo emanzini ashisayo 40-45 ° C, futhi imbewu kumele ifakwe esixazululweni sehlile esimweni esifudumele.
  • Kungenzeka ukubeka izinto eziwusizo ukucubungula ngabagqugquzeli bokukhula kanye kanye nokulungiselela okulodwa kuphela.
  • Kubalulekile ukugcina ngokucophelela imithetho yokulungisa ikhambi kanye nesikhathi sokuguga kuyo, ukuze kungabangeli ukulimala.
Uma imbewu igonywa emanzini afudumele amahora angu-2-3 ngaphambi kwenkambiso, iyoba namandla kakhulu emiphumeleni kanye nokungena kwezinto ngaphansi kwegobolondo labo.

Izinguquko eziningana zezixazululo zokucebisa imbewu nge-microelements:

  1. Izinkuni zokhuni. Iqukethe izakhi ezingaba ngu-30 ezizosiza isitshalo. Kubalulekile ukuvuna umlotha ekwindla, ukuhlunga ngokucophelela bese ugoqa ube imbiza eyomile, evaliwe. Emalitha ayisishiyagalolunye amanzi ashisayo achithe izipuni ezimbili zomlotha futhi, evuselela, agcizelela usuku. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kunconywa ukugqugquzela isixazululo esinye izikhathi izikhathi ezingu-2-3. Imbewu efakwe esikhwameni se-gauze igxiliwe esixazululweni futhi igcinwe amahora amathathu.

  2. Ijusi le-Aloe Ukucubungula indaba ngalezi zinto, awugcini nje ngokucebisa, ukuthuthukisa ukuhluma nokuqinisa izithombo, kodwa futhi ukhethe. Ngakho-ke, le nqubo ihlanganisa ukuhlaziywa. Isitshalo se-aloe, esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-3 ubudala, sidinga ukusika amaqabunga ambalwa angaphansi, ukusifaka ephepheni, sibeke esiqandisini okungenani ngesonto. Khona-ke amaqabunga kudingeka adume, athole ijusi kuwo futhi, awenze ngokulinganayo ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa, abeke imbewu emasakeni. Ukusekela kuncike emahoreni angu-6 kuya kwangu-18.

  3. Thenga amalungiselelo. Ukuwasebenzisa, udinga ukulandela izincomo zeziyalezo.
Kubalulekile! Qaphela: ijusi le-aloe linomunyu kakhulu, ngaphandle kokushiya amabala, ngakho-ke kuphakanyiswa ukumboza indawo yokusebenzela ne-cellophane uma uyixhaphaza.

Soak

Indlela yokucwilisa imbewu ye-pepper ukuze unike ama-germs okuhle kunazo zonke esikhathini esizayo sokukhula okunamandla nokukhula okusebenzayo? Ukwandisa amathuba okuhluma, kufanele agcwaliswe ngomswakama, uvuthe.

Imbewu elandelwa ngaphambili ifakwa endaweni egciniwe futhi igcwele ngamanzi ukuze ifihlwe. Ukugcina i-pepper eluhlaza kumele ibe yizinsuku ezimbili endaweni efudumele, ngalesi sikhathi kufanele kube izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ukushintsha amanzi. Ngemuva kokuvuvukala - zihlume noma zihlwanyele.

Kubalulekile! Ngendwangu efudumele, umcengezi omncane wamanzi uphuthuma masinyane, ngakho-ke kudingeka uqaphele ngokucophelela ukuthi izinga lakhe alihlehli, kodwa awukwazi ukuthulula amanzi amaningi noma, ukuze imbewu ingagcini. Ungakwazi ukumboza isitsha ngefilimu ebonakalayo ukuze uvimbele ukugeleza kwamanzi.

Abalimi abaningi bayazi ukuthi bangaphila kanjani imbewu yepelepele futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo bahlume ngaphambi kokutshala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka imbewu emvilophini, eyenziwe ngesigcawu sendwangu yemvelo ephukile, eswakanyiswe ngamanzi futhi ifakwe kolunye uhlobo lwesitsha. Amanzi angaphezu kwamanzi athalwa noma agonywa futhi agcwele ifilimu, efakwa endaweni efudumele.

Amanzi kule njongo kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi ase-thawed noma entwasahlobo. Uma kungenakho ukufinyelela entwasahlobo, iqhwa alizange liwile, nakho konke onakho ngamanzi okupompoza, kufanele uwaphendule ngamanzi ancibilikile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amanzi azinzile afakwa efrijini amahora ambalwa, phakathi, okungakaqhwa, kuthululwa, futhi iqhwa elenziwe ezindongeni livumelekile ukuba licibilike. Ngemuva kwalokho, amanzi asuswa ngokucophelela, eshiya isilwane emathangeni. Amanzi ahlanganisiwe ahlanganisiwe asetshenziselwa ukuhluma.

Emathonjeni, lapho kutholakala khona izimvilophu ezinambithekile ezinamakhadi, akufanele kube khona amanzi amaningi, kodwa uma isitsha sikhulu, ungabeka "ithangi" ngendlela efana ne-rabivu ye-foam noma ama-disk amaningana ekotini.

Ayikho impendulo eqondile yokuthi imbewu ye-pepper kufanele ifakwe isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokutshala. Nsuku zonke kufanele ubheke ngaphansi kwefilimu, ufafaze izimvilophu ngamanzi aqhakazile bese uhlola uma seziqalile ukuchithwa.

Kubalulekile! Ukuze inqubo yokuhluma, kufanele uqaphele ngokucophelela izinga lokushisa, kufanele libe ngu-25-30 ° C Uma ephansi, ukuhluma kuzolinda, futhi ekushiseni okungaphansi kwe-18 °C imbewu izobola.

Ngemuva kokulinda ukupaka, imbewu ngayinye ephilayo ifakwa ebhokisini lembewu enezikhwama. Usuku olwedlule, enye inguquko iyenziwa, i-animates ikhethiwe iphinde ihambe. Imbewu engahlwanyelwe ayisetshenzisiwe - iyoba yinto edidekile.

Ukubhoboza

Imvelo ikhulelwe ukuze inzalo ingangeni emathonyeni angaphandle futhi ayihloli isikhathi eside. Lokhu kubangelwa ungqimba oluvikelayo olusendaweni yabo. Kodwa ungqimba olufanayo luvimbela ukuhluma okusheshayo.

Enye yobuchwepheshe obunciphisa isikhathi sokuvela - ukuqhuma. Lona umphumela we-oksijini embewu yezinhlobo ezithile ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela kukuvumela ukuba uthole amahlumela ngesonto ngaphambili.

Ukufeza inqubo yokuqhuma ekhaya, udinga ukuba nomthamo we-litre kanye ne-aquarium compressor.

I-can ingagcwaliswa ngamanzi ekushiseni kwe-20 ° C, kancane ngaphezu kwengxenye, i-compressor kanye nembewu ibekwa lapho, okungaphezu kwamanzi amaningi.

I-compressor ivukela, indaba iyacutshungulwa. Imbewu yepelepele iyodingeka kulolu suku.

Ngemuva kwenqubo, imbewu iyomile esimweni esithukuthelayo futhi, uma kungenakwenzeka ukuyihlwanyela ngokushesha, ekugcineni yomile, ibekwe emgqeni owodwa ephepheni egumbini elingaphansi kwemisebe yelanga.

Imbewu ingahle isakaze imifino enjalo: amaqabunga, i-zucchini, iklabishi, amazambane, ummbila, izaqathe, ukhukhamba, ama-radishes, utamatisi, amathanga, u-squash, ama-beet, anyanisi, i-peas, ama-vetoni, amakhabe, ama-parsnips, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kanye nesipinashi.

Izinto ezilimazayo zokutshala

Kunengqondo ukuqinisa imbewu, uma kunenhloso yokuyihlwanyela ngaphansi kwefilimu ngesonto ngaphambi kwesimiso. Uma ukucima ukusetshenziselwa imbewu kulezi zithombo, izithombo ngokwazo kuzodingeka zikhuni isikhathi eside.

Uyazi? Kunendlela ekhuni, lapho imbewu, ehlanganiswe esikhwameni, ifakwa izinsuku ezintathu kwi-snowdrift, kodwa lokhu kungenzeka kuphela uma izinga lokushisa langaphandle lizungeze ama-zero degrees.

Izithelo ezinzima futhi ezifuthekile ziyacinywa. Zifakwe ngaphambi kokuvuvukala emanzini afudumele, zixubene nesihlabathi noma i-sawdust emanzi futhi zigcinwe izinsuku ezintathu ekushiseni kwama-20-25 ° C, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi akaqhumeki ngokuphelele futhi izinto azimeli. Ngemva kwalokho, zifakwa efrijini noma zithathwe emgwaqweni zigcinwe izinsuku ezintathu ezisezingeni lokushisa cishe ngezinga.

I-Sawdust esetshenziselwa inqubo yokuqina kufanele ibiliswe ngamaminithi angu-2-3, isihlabathi somfula kufanele sibalwe kuhhavini.

Ukulungiswa ngokucophelela kwezinto zembewu kuzokhokhwa ngokugcwele ngamahlumela okuqala aqinile futhi ayenokuthula aphikisana nomthelela omubi, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, isivuno esikhulu esitholakala ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.