I-Saintpaulia ingabizwa ngesinye sezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu zokuqhakaza zokukhula egumbini. Elinye igama elijwayelekile kakhulu i-violet. Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane zalembali. Izinhlobo ezinezimbali ezinkulu ezinemibala ngokungajwayelekile zihlobisa ngokukhethekile. Amasentimitha weSenpolia Humako avelele kuleli qembu ngenxa yombala wokuqala kanye nesimo sama inflorescences. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokunakekelwa okufanele kanye nezimo ezifanele zokuboshwa, iqhuma kakhulu izinyanga eziyi-6-8.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-Saintpaulia Humako inches
Ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokuthenga lolu hlobo lwe-Saintpaulia bese uqala ukulukhula, akulimazi ukuthola umlando wemvelaphi yale mbali nezimpawu zokubukeka kwayo.
Izintandokazi zoThuako amayintshi
Incazelo
Lolu hlobo lwehlukaniswa ngosayizi omkhulu wamaqabunga nezimbali zombili. Amaqabunga anombala oluhlaza ocebile kanye ne-pubescence, isimilo sabo bonke abamele lolu hlobo.
Ukuhlobisa ikakhulukazi izimbali zalesi Saintpaulia. Zinombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ocebile, odlula kahle emaphethelweni amhlophe qhwa. Izimbali zinosayizi ofanayo, ngamunye ziyisentimitha eziyi-6,5. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, amaqabunga acishe angabonakali ngaphansi kwekhanda lama-inflorescence aqhakazile.
Izinhlobo zezinhlangano
I-Saintpaulia ingeyomndeni wakwaGesneriev. Le mbali yaqala ukutholakala ezintabeni zase-Uzambara e-East Africa, yingakho ibizwa nge-Uzambara violet.
Ezimweni zokukhula kwemvelo, lesi sitshalo sihlala sinjalo. Ukuphakama kwendawo okuphumayo kungafinyelela ku-30-40 cm, okudlula kakhulu usayizi wamakhophi angaphakathi.
Umlando womsuka
Igama le-senpolia lamukelwa ukuhlonipha umkhuzi wesifunda sase-Uzambara uSanta-Paul Iller owabathola ngo-1893. Nguyena owaqala ukuthola lesi sitshalo waqoqa imbewu. Ngemuva kwalokho, le mbewu yadluliselwa kwi-botan yaseJalimane i-Wendland, futhi wayesivele eyinikeze imbali futhi inquma ukuthi ingeyakhe emndenini wakwaGesneriev.
Okokubheka! Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Humako inches ziwumphumela womsebenzi wokuzalela owenziwa yinkampani yamaDashi uHusako, ogxile ekwakheni izinhlobo ezintsha ze-senpolia.
Izinhlobo ezihlobisa kakhulu ezifana nomlilo weHumako neHumako violet nazo ziyizimfanelo zale nkampani. Kuyafaneleka ukusho izinhlobonhlobo zeHumaco Isabella, izimbali zayo zinombala omangalisayo.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Izimo eziphambili ezidingekayo ekukhuleni okujwayelekile kanye nokukhula kwesitshalo ukukhanya, umoya, ukushisa, amanzi nezakhi emhlabathini. Okubaluleke kakhulu kwi-senpolia ukunamathela ku-teknoloji kanye nohlelo lokunisela, kanye nokukhethwa kwendawo efanele ukubekwa kwayo.
Uhlu oluphambili lwezidingo kanye nemibandela yokukhulisa lesi sitshalo kufaka amaphuzu amaningi.
| Imodi yokushisa | Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokukhula lingama-20-23 degrees. Bangakwazi ukubekezelela ukwehla okuncane kwama-degree ama-3-4. |
| Isibani | Ukukhanyisa kuyadingeka, amahora amade wemini, kepha ukukhanya okuqondile kufanele kugwenywe. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, i-senpolia ayikwazi ukuqhakaza, futhi amaqabunga athambekele phezulu. |
| Ukunisela | Ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe epanini, kepha amanzi akulo akufanele axege. Umehluko phakathi kokushisa kwamanzi kokunisela kanye nomoya ngaphezu kwama-degree ama-5 awemukeleki. Ngakho-ke, amanzi okunisela kufanele asetshenziswe kuphela emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. |
| Ukufafaza | Amahlamvu weSpapaulia awahlambi futhi awafafazi. Izinwele emgqeni wamaqabunga zinamandla okugcina umswakama - lokhu kuholela ekuthuthukisweni kokubola. |
| Umswakama | Ayinazidingo ezikhethekile zomswakama, kodwa izoba wusizo ukubeka izitshalo eziseduze nemikhumbi ngamanzi noma emathileyi enobumba olunwebekile olumanzi. |
| Inhlabathi | Ngokutshala, sebenzisa inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo eyenziwe nge-uzambar violets noma uhlanganyele ngokuzimele izingxenye ezi-4 zomhlaba onqenqemeni kanye nengxenye eyodwa yephasi nesihlabathi. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Kunconywa ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo-ihlobo ukwenza izithasiselo eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali ezinqunyelwe kaningi ngezinsuku eziyi-12-15. Kwamukelekile ukwengeza ubulongwe benkomo buhlanjululwe 1 kuya ku-10 ngamanzi, kepha ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze ugweme ukuthola umanyolo emaqabungeni. |
Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu kulinywe amasentimitha we-senpolia Humako ukukhethwa kwendawo yokubekwa kwayo. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayazi ukuthi yi-sill ekhethwe kahle yewindows edlala indima ekunqumeni ngokugcwele kwalesi sitshalo.
Itreyi lobumba elinwetshiwe likhulisa umswakama
Ukunaka! Kubo bonke abangcwele, ubukhulu bokhanyo kanye nesikhathi sokukhanya kwemini kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya kwemvelo, kufanele kufakwe izibani ezingezelelwe zokufakelwa.
Iqhuma kanjani futhi nini
I-intshi ye-Uzambar violet Humako inesikhathi eside sezimbali. Njengomthetho, kuqala ngoMashi futhi kuqhubeke kuze kube sekupheleni kukaNovemba. Ezimweni ezingavamile, izinhlamvu zokuqhakaza ziyabonakala ngisho nasebusika.
Iqiniso elihehayo ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili zalesi sitshalo, ezintsha nezintsha, ezinomehluko ekwakhekeni kwama-petals ezimbalini. Ummeleli weqiniso wezinhlobonhlobo uthathwa njenge-senpolia enamaphilisi amakhulu alula, futhi ukuba khona kokukhanya kokukhanya eceleni komngcele kufakwa njengendawo yokuhlola yokuhlola. Zombili lezi zinhlobonhlobo azitholwa kuphela kumaqoqo ayimfihlo abathandi be-Uzambara violets, kodwa futhi ngokuthengiswa kwamahhala.
Isici sezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlola - amacembe we-wavy
Izici zokunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali
Umzuzu ocatshangelwe kakhulu kulinywe kwe-senpolia isikhathi sezimbali. Ukuyandisa nokunikeza imbali ngalesi sikhathi izimo ezifanele, kufanelekile ukubheka amaphuzu athile abalulekile:
- awukwazi ukuhlela kabusha imbiza nesitshalo kwenye indawo;
- ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, kugwenywe umswakama wezimbali;
- izithako zokumbiwa phansi kufanele zisetshenziswe njalo ngezikhathi ezithile zezinsuku eziyi-10-14;
- izimbali ezigugile kufanele zisuswe ngokucophelela.
Elinye iphuzu likhuluma ngezitshalo ezincane. Imvamisa, ukuqhakaza kwe-uzambara violet kwenzeka eneminyaka eyi-8 izinyanga. Uma ama-buds eqala ukwakha ekuqaleni, kungcono ukuzisusa. Lokhu kuzovumela isitshalo esincane ukuba sikhule ngokugcwele isisindo semifino futhi sithuthukise uhlelo lwezimpande.
Ukuzala
I-senpolia isakazeka kaningi ngokusikwa kwamahlamvu. Ungafaka futhi ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla kube ama-rosette nokukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ukuzala kabusha imbewu yikhona okunzima kakhulu, ngoba inqubo ende futhi ebuhlungu.
ISenpolia ingasakazwa ngokuhlukanisa ama-rosette
Kubalulekile! Thola imbewu ye-Saintpaulia ekhaya kungenziwa kuphela nge-impova yokufakelwa.
Ukusakazwa kwemifino
Ukuthola ikhophi entsha yeHumako violet ngokususa izingcembe ezinamaqabunga kulula kakhulu. Yonke inqubo iqukethe izigaba eziningana:
- Kwisitshalo esidala, amaqabunga amaningi akhule kahle, hhayi amancane kakhulu asikwa ngommese obukhali noma i-blade, eshiya ama-petioles 3-4 cm ubude.
- Amanzi ahleliwe athululelwa esitsheni sengilazi bese isiqu silungiswa kuso ukuze kuphela ingxenye engezansi ye-petiole isemanzini futhi ishidi lingaphezulu kwesitsha.
- Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, izimpande zizoqala ukuvela.
- Lapho zifika ku-2-3 cm, amaqabunga adluliselwa esitsheni esigcwalisiwe ngengxube ye-peat nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso 2/1, sijulise ukusika emhlabathini ngokungadluli kuka-2 cm. Ngokulandelayo, abeka indawo yokukhosela.
- Isitsha sibekwa endaweni enokhanyayo kahle, ishibilizisa izithombo kusuka elangeni eliqondile, sigcina umswakama womhlabathi oqhubekayo kanye nokushisa kwama-degree angama-21- 24.
- Lapho kuvela amaqabunga amancane futhi afinyelela ubude obungu-2-3 cm, izithombo zisuswa emhlabathini futhi zitshaleke ezimbizeni ezihlukile.
Ukusakazeka kwe-senpolia ngokusikwa kwamaqabunga kuyindlela enhle kunazo zonke. Izinga lokusinda kwezitshalo ezincane liphakeme kakhulu futhi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-8-10 ungalindela ukuqhakaza.
Ama-cutizer angama-leafy akha ngokushesha izimpande
Ukufakelwa ngemuva kokuthenga nangesikhathi sokuzala
Enye yezimo eziphambili zokukhula okugcwele kwe-senpolia kanye nokuqhakaza kwazo konyaka, ukutshala okuyikho. Kusho ukugcwaliseka kwezimo ezithile:
- ungqimba lwamanzi kufanele luhlale okungenani ikota yomthamo;
- kungcono ukusebenzisa inhlabathi elungele i-senpolia, noma uhlanganise inhlabathi yengadi, i-peat nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso 2/1/1, ngokulandelana;
- ingaphezulu lomhlabathi ngemuva kokutshala lingafafazwa ngomlotha wokhuni ukubulala amagciwane futhi kuvikele ukubola kwengxenye engezansi yamaqabunga.
Ngokulandela le mithetho elula, ungathembela ekucandeni imbala kwembali nokukhula kwayo okusebenzayo esikhathini esizayo.
Into esemqoka ukulandela yonke imithetho yokufakelwa
Izinkinga ezikhulayo
Njengomthetho, lapho ubheka imithetho yokunakekela ama-uzambar violets, azikho izinkinga ngokulima kwazo. Ukwehla kwamaqabunga, ukubukeka okujwayelekile noma ukuntuleka kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kungabangelwa ukunakekelwa okungafanele. Kwesinye isikhathi izinkinga zivela ngenxa yokwehlulwa yizilokazane nezifo.
Isimo seLeaf
Inkinga evame kakhulu kwe-senpolia ukonakala kwamaqabunga. Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokhu:
- Ukubekwa kakhulu kwezimbiza (amaqabunga ezimbali ezingomakhelwane kuyathinta);
- ukuthambisa ngokweqile;
- ukungafanele;
- ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane
- izifo zesistimu yezimpande;
- ukuntuleka kokukhanya.
Zonke lezi zinto zingadala ukuvela kwamabala emaqabungeni noma ukuthuthukiswa kokubola kwezihlahla zokusika.
Ukushintsha kwesimo seqabunga kuwuphawu lokugula
Kubalulekile! Izitshalo kufanele zihlolwe njalo futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifanele ekuqaleni konakala.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Zonke izinhlobonhlobo ze-senpolia, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlukahluka ezinjenge-Humako inches, zitholakala kulezi zifo ezilandelayo: fusarium, blight sekwephuzile, i-powdery hlobo, ukubola okuhlukahlukene. Imbangela yalesi sifo kungaba ukunakekelwa okungafanele, noma ukutheleleka okuvela kwesinye isitshalo esingumakhelwane. Ama-cyclamen izimbuzane nama-aphid nazo ziyingozi.
Ngezimpawu zokuqala zesifo, izinyathelo kufanele zithathwe futhi kufanele kwenziwe ukwelashwa okufanele. Kuyadingeka futhi ukwahlukanisa imbali enezifo kwezinye izitshalo kuze kululame ngokuphelele. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kunconywa ukufakelwa kwelinye ibhodwe ngokubuyiselwa komhlaba ngokuphelele.
Ngokulwa nezinambuzane, kusetshenziswa ama-insecticides e-systemic, atholakala kalula esitolo sezimbali.
Ukunakekelwa okungafanele
Ukukhula kwe-senpolia kudinga ukubambelela ngokuqinile emithethweni yokunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwalezi zimbali. Bazwela kakhulu ushintsho lokushisa, okusalungiswa, ukungahambelani nohlelo lokunisela.
Noma yikuphi ukuphambuka kuhlelo lokunakekelwa kwezimbali kuzoholela hhayi ekuwohlokeni ekubukekeni kwayo nasekuntuleni kwezimbali, kodwa nasekufeni kwesitshalo.
I-Saintpaulia, i-violet ejwayelekile, amayintshi weHumako - ummeleli omangalisayo womndeni wakwaGesneriev. Le mbali ayikhukhumali. Ngokulandela imithetho elula yokunakekela nokuhlinzeka ngezimo ezifanele zokuboshwa, ungathokozela ukuqhakaza kwalesi sihlahla esihle sase-Saintpaulia izinyanga eziyi-8 ngonyaka.
