I-Cherry plum yisihlahla sezithelo esijwayelekile kuwo wonke umuntu. Izithelo zaso ezi-amber-aphuzi ziphansi ngokunambitheka kuma-plums asekhaya. Kepha iplamu idlozi, ifomu loqobo lwezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu nezinencasa zamaplamu. Ngo-ekwindla, isihlahla esihle esiqhakaza kahle silengiswa ngezithelo eziyindilinga. Amajikijolo egolide asetshenziswa kudala emithini yesintu, ngoba i-cherry plum inothile amavithamini we-B, kanye ne-C ne-PP. Futhi ekuphekeni, le berry isetshenziselwa izithelo ezidliwayo, isiraphu, i-marmalade, i-jelly, ujamu, ujamu, ama-marshmallows.
Ukwazi isitshalo
I-Cherry plum ivela eduze nase-Asia Ephakathi. Ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, kunezinhlobo zezitshalo zase-Iranian, Caspian, Ferghana nezaseSyria. I-Cherry plum yisihlahla esinezimbali eziningi noma isihlahlana, ukuphakama kwawo kusuka kumamitha amathathu kuya kwayi-10. Isikhathi sokuphila sesihlahla sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-50. Indawo yendawo yasendle ekhula kakhulu ipulazi ibanzi kakhulu. Kutholakala eTien Shan naseBalkan, eCaucasus nase-Ukraine, eMoldova naseNyakatho Caucasus. I-plum ekhulisiwe ye-Cherum nayo isabalele; itshalwa ezifundeni eziningi zaseRussia, eNtshonalanga Yurophu, e-Ukraine nase-Asia.
Intaba ye-cherry plum Tien Shan
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi
I-Cherry plum ayisebenzi kuphela. Ihlukaniswa ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, ukumelana nezifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, muhle nje. Iqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Isihlahla sentwasahlobo, esitshalwa izimbali ezimhlophe noma ezipinki, njengokungathi sintanta esibhakabhakeni esiluhlaza. Izimbali ezinephunga elimnene ziheha izinambuzane eziningi, futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, umuthi "ubhuza" njengesihlahla sezinyosi. Ngenxa yezimfanelo zokuhlobisa, i-cherry plum isetshenziswa ekwakhiweni komhlaba.
Akusiwo umuthi omnandi kangako phakathi kwesithelo. Amagatsha atheleleke ngezithelo eziningi. Iplamu elivuthiwe lingaba nemibala ehlukahlukene: ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani, opinki, onsomi, obomvu, ophuzi ngemigqomo ebomvu, ngisho namajikijolo amnyama. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, ukuvuthwa kwenzeka phakathi kukaJuni noSepthemba.
I-Cherum iplamu ayimnandi njengeplamu. Uma kuqhathaniswa neziningi, iqukethe i-calcium eningi noshukela omncane. Akazithobi, kepha wesaba ama-fract ezinzima. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezingamelana nesithwathwa ezikhuliswa abafuyi bezitshalo ziyakwazi ukukhulisa izitshalo ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esibuhlungu kakhulu.
Izici zesiko
I-Cherry plum yande kabanzi ngenxa yezimpawu eziningi ezikhangayo:
- umuthi unikeza amajikijolo okuqala osuvele unyaka ngemuva kokutshala, ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2 kuya kwengama-3 isivuno singafinyelela kumakhilogremu ayi-15 esihlahleni, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lesi sitshalo singakhiqiza ama-amajikijolo angama-40;
- isivuno asinciphisi ekwakhekeni kwenhlabathi;
- ukubekezelela kalula ukushisa nesomiso;
- ukumelana nazo zombili izifo nezinambuzane.
Noma kunjalo, ine-plum kanye neningi lokungathandeki. Okusemqoka yile:
- ukuzala kwezinhlobo eziningi;
- isikhathi esifushane sokuphumula kobusika;
- izimbali zakuqala.
Ngenxa yalezi zici, ukuthola isivuno esihle, izinhlobo eziningana kumele zitshalwe eduzane ukuze zingcoliswa. Isikhathi esifushane sokuqhuma kwezimbali kanye nokuqhakaza kwezimbali zakuqala kumenyezelwe ukulimala kwesihlahla ngamakhaza entwasahlobo. Futhi ebusika beqhwa ezifundeni lapho izinga lokushisa lihlehlela ku-300Ukusuka nangaphansi, lesi sitshalo kumele simbozwe.
Ukufika kwe-Cherry plum
Ukuze isitshalo sithathe izimpande futhi sinikeze ukuvuna okuningana, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake konke okuthandayo lapho utshala. Ukutshala, ikakhulukazi emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, kungcono entwasahlobo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufika emhlabeni ngaphambi kokuvela kwamaqabunga okuqala. Lokhu kuzofushanisa isikhathi futhi kusize isikhathi sokuvumelana nesitshalo. Ngasikhathi sinye, kunconywa ukuthenga izithombo ekwindla. Esikhathini sebusika bokwembiwa endaweni ethambekele futhi yembozwe. Izithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande evaliwe zingatshalwa ehlobo.
Ukulungiswa Kwesiza Nokwakha Izindawo
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukukhetha indawo efanelekile. UCherry iplamu uthanda ilanga, livikelekile ezindaweni zomoya. Uma kutshalwe kahle, isivuno sizovela ngaphambili futhi sizokuba sikhulu kunesezitshalo ezibekwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle. I-Cherry plum iyayithanda inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi, ngakho-ke kuyalulekwa ukwelapha inhlabathi ene-acid ngefulawa ye-dolomite, nenhlabathi ye-alkaline nge-gypsum.
Uhlelo lwezimpande lwe-cherry plum luthuthukiswa kakhulu, kepha alujulile. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi "uyixazulule" lapho amanzi aphansi aphezulu. Kungcono ukulungiselela umgodi wokufika ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ubukhulu bayo kufanele bube ngu-60x60x60cm. Kuyadingeka ukulungiselela umgodi ekwindla, ugcwalise ngenhlabathi enhle ne-humus, engeza umlotha. Umanyolo kaPotash ne-phosphoric nawo ulethwa lapho, ukuthambisa okuningi kuyenziwa.
Entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokutshala, inqwaba yomhlaba iyakhipha, indunduma yenziwa enkabeni, lapho izimpande zesithombo kufanele zisatshalaliswe khona. Uma ezinye izimpande zigula noma zifile, kufanele zisuswe kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elihlanzekile nelicocekile. Izimpande ezomile zingaqale zifakwe amahora amaningi emanzini.
Isikhonkwane okungenani esingu-1 m ukuphakama siqhutshwa eduze kwesithombo. Izimpande zesitshalo zimbozwe ngomhlaba, zishiya ikhefu lokunisela emaphethelweni omgodi. Ezitshalweni ezinesistimu yezimpande evaliwe, izimpande, kuhlangene nesigaxa, zifakwa emgodini futhi zimbozwe inhlabathi eyembiwe ihlanganiswe ne-humus kanye nomanyolo. Akudingeki. Ngaphambi kokutshala isihlahla ngohlelo lwezimpande oluvaliwe, umhlaba ozungeze izimpande kufanele ugcotshwe ukuze ungabibikho ngesikhathi sokutshala. Kulezo zimo lapho inhlansi enezimpande ikugridi, ayisuswanga. Igridi izobola ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ngeke iphazamise ukwenziwa kohlelo lwezimpande. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokubekwa emhlabathini, kungcono ukuvula inetha. Noma iyiphi indlela yokutshala, intamo yezimpande kufanele ihlale ngaphezulu. Uma isithombo sihlwanyelwe, lapho-ke indawo yokuxhunyelelwa nakho kufanele ibe ngaphezulu kwenqanaba lomhlabathi.
Ukutshala i-cherry plum yisithombo
Isithombo siboshwe esikhonkwaneni ukuze silungiswe. Inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla ichotshoziwe, ukuthambisa kwenziwa ngesilinganiso samalitha ayi-15 amanzi ngesitshalo ngasinye. Ngemuva kokutshala, umuthi kufanele unqunywe ube ngu-20 - 30 cm. Uma izithombo eziningana zitshalwa ngasikhathi sinye, ibanga phakathi kwazo kufanele libe yi-2,5 - 3 m. Izinhlobo ezinde zibekwa ebangeni eli-6 m ukusuka esihlahleni esisodwa kwesinye. Iziqu zezitshalo ezisencane kufanele zivalwe ebusika ngenethi ukuze zivikeleke kumagundane. Ngemuva kokutshala, kunconyelwa ukufaka umiyingi isiyingi eduze kwesiqu ngotshani noma ngesihlahla somugqa we-sawc cm kuya ku-5 cm.
Uma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuvela ukuthi lesi sihlahla besingakasebenzi, singatshalwa. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Umgomo oyisisekelo ukuthi uhlelo lwezimpande kufanele luvikelwe yinqwaba enkulu yomhlaba. Bemba isihlahla ngaphesheya kobubanzi bomqhele, bese besizungeza ngomsele ngamabhagi amabili efosholo elijulile bese besimba ngokucophelela kusuka ngezansi. Kungcono ukuhambisa isigaxa ephepheni lensimbi noma i-linoleum. Umuthi omkhulu kuzodingeka ukuthi uhanjiswe ngosizo lwamadivayisi angeziwe, isibonelo, ukuwina. Ngemuva kokufakelwa ngonyaka wokuqala, kuyinto efiselekayo ukunciphisa umkhawulo we-fruiting ngokususa ingxenye yezithelo.
Ukukhetha komakhelwane
Njengoba inqwaba yezinhlobonhlobo zepulamu iyakwazi ukuzala, kubalulekile ukuthi utshale izinhlobo zempova eduze kwaso. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-cherry plum ehamba ngayo, ibhola le-plum elibomvu, iSkoroplodnaya. Ungakhetha ezinye izinhlobo zama-plums, eziqhakaza ngasikhathi sinye nezinhlobonhlobo ezitshaliwe ze-cherry plum. Ngezinhlobo eziphakathi nendawo sekwephuzile izinhlobo ezifanele ze-cherry plum Asaloda, Vitba, Mara. Ezinye izinhlobo zipolishwe kahle iplamu yesiShayina.
I-Cherry plum ibhola elibomvu - pollinator omuhle
Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo eziningi zokuzala, izinhlobo zokuzimela nazo ziyatholakala. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-Kuban comet, iCleopatra - ngokwayo izenzakalele impova. Yize lezi zinhlobonhlobo zikwazi ukukhiqiza amajikijolo ngaphandle kwama-pollinators angezelelekile, ukutshala ezinye izinhlobo zeklamu yeclum eceleni kwezinye izinhlobo kuzokhulisa kakhulu isivuno.
Inhlanganisela yokuzenzela ebanga evundile ebangeni
Emasimini, izitshalo zezithelo nezokuhlobisa ukhula eduze. Kepha akuzona zonke izitshalo ezihlangana kahle nenye. Ukusabela okungekuhle kwenzeka lapho izinhlelo zezimpande zisezingeni elifanayo futhi zincintisana emzabalazweni wezakhi, kanye nalapho esinye sezitshalo sikhipha izinto eziyingozi kwesinye. Eduze kwesihlahla se-cherry ipulamu akudingekile ukutshala eliphakathi kwethanga, nati, i-cherry, i-cherry nesihlahla se-apula. Kodwa-ke, abanye ochwepheshe bathi eduze nesihlahla se-apula esidala se-iplamu kuzizwa kukuhle.
ICleopatra nayo ingathela izithelo ngaphandle komakhelwane
Ungahlanganisi isitshalo nomakhelwane abathile abahlobisa. Isibonelo, i-birch engadini kufanele ibekwe kude nebanga ukusuka ezihlahleni zezithelo, njengoba uhlelo lwayo olunamandla lokucindezela omakhelwane.
U-Alycha Vitba ungumakhelwane omuhle kwezinye izinhlobo
Ukuthengwa kwezithombo nezindlela zokusakazeka
Ukuze ukhule isitshalo esiphilile nesisebenzayo, kubalulekile ukuba nezinto zokutshala ezinhle. Ingathengwa, futhi kulula ukuthola izithombo ngokwazo ngendlela yokusika noma kusuka imbewu.
Ukuthenga izithombo
Lapho ukhetha isihlahla esinohlelo lwezimpande oluvaliwe, kufanele uqaphele ngosayizi wekhozo. Lapho isitshalo sikhula kakhulu, izimpande zaso ziningi, futhi inkungu enkulu kufanele ibe sikhulu. Umhlaba akufanele udakwe ngokweqile futhi ukhululeke, ngaphandle kwalokho kungaqhekeka ngesikhathi sokuhamba nokutshala. Izimpande kufanele zinamathele kusuka phansi kwesitsha. Lesi isiqinisekiso sokuthi lesi sitshalo besingafakwa kuso ngaphambi kokuthengisa. Kufanele futhi uhlole ngokucophelela amagxolo. Akumele ibe nokuqhekeka nemikhuhli, akufanele ibenwe.
Ezitshalweni ezinezimpande ezivulekile, qiniseka ukuthi izimpande ziyaphila. Umuthi kufanele ube okungenani nezimpande ezi-4 - 5. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awomile, kufanele ucele umthengisi ukuthi asike. Uginindela wesipikili osikiwe akufanele ube nsundu, kepha umhlophe. Ezimpandeni akufanele kube khona ukuvuvukala okwenzeka ngomdlavuza. Isithombo esineminyaka emibili sinamagatsha amabili kuya kwayi-3.
Ukusakazwa ngokusika
Ukusakazwa okusikwa okuluhlaza kulungele zonke izinhlobo ze-cherry plum. Zima kahle futhi zikhula ngokushesha. Izinhlobo eziningi zingabuye zisatshalaliswe ngemisiko enezimbali, kodwa le ndlela ayilungele wonke umuntu.
Ama-cuttings aluhlaza
Ama-cuttings aluhlaza anqunywa emashumini amabili amathathu kuya kwayi-3 kaJuni. Ngokwesivuno sabo, amahlumela wonyaka wamanje asetshenziswa. Ama-cutways aluhlaza kumele atshalwe endaweni abamba ukushisa kuyo, okuzodingeka alungiselelwe kusengaphambili. Esikhundleni se-greenhouse, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa i-greenhouse yefilimu enenhlabathi elungiselelwe ukusakazeka kwezitshalo. Umbhede wembiwa ngokujula okungaba ngu-40 cm, kubekwa ungqimba lwamatshe acwebezelayo noma amatshe amatshe angama-15 cm.Ngaphezulu, amanzi akhona ambozwe ngenhlabathi evundile engu-15 cm futhi ambozwe ungqimba wamasentimitha ayi-10 wengxube ye-peat nesihlabathi. Ikhekhe lonke limbozwe ngo-3 cm wesihlabathi esimsulwa. Umbhede kufanele uhlanganiswe ukuze ngokuzayo kube lula ukuwuthambisa ngokulinganayo.
Ukusika kusikwa lapho izisekelo zamacembe amancane ziphenduka zibe bomvu futhi ziqinise. Ukuze ukhiqizwe kabusha, kukhethwa amahlumela angama-25-30 cm ubude. Sika amahlumela kusihlwa noma lapho lingekho ilanga ukuze unciphise ukulahleka komswakama. Izinto ezilungiselelwe zibekwa ngokushesha emanzini.
Kungcono ukutshala izingcezu eziluhlaza endaweni ebamba ukushisa
Ngemuva kwalokho, ngethuluzi elihlanzekile, ama-cuttings akhiwa enamashidi ama-2 kuye kwangama-3 nengxenye engezansi ka-3 cm. Kwenzelwe ukusikwa, kuthathwe maphakathi nesondo. Ingaphezulu ligawulwa ngaphezulu kwezinso ibanga le-0.5 cm perpendicular kuya ihlumela, phansi kungaphansi kwinso, cut angle 450. Ama-cuttings aselungele ukugxiliswa agxiliswa izisekelo kwizixazululo ze-rooting amahora angama-18 kuye kwangama-20.
Emva kwalokho, ukusikwa okuphathisiwe kufakwa embhedeni oswakiswe kahle ibanga elingama-5 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye kuya ekujuleni kuka-2,5 kuya ku-3 cm.Ungawahlela ngemigqa, ibanga phakathi kwalo okufanele libe yi-5 cm. Thuthukisa ukutshala izikhathi ezi-2 kuye kwezi-3 ngosuku usebenzisa isifutho sesandla noma ukuthambisa ikani.
I-Rooting yenzeka emazingeni okushisa angama-25- 300C. Isivuno singama-50-60%, kuyilapho ukwakheka kwezimpande kuthatha kusuka kumaviki ama-2 kuye enyangeni nesigamu, kuya ngezinhlobo.
Izinhlobo ezisikiwe
Ukwenza izingcezu ezisikiwe, kusetshenziswa amagatsha aqinile wonyaka avuthiwe. Zingavunwa kusuka ekwindla ngemuva kokuwa kweqabunga, futhi kuze kube sentwasahlobo, kuze kube yilapho eqala ukuvuvukala. Ukudubula okuyimpande, okusamele kususwe, kukufanelekele kakhulu ukusikwa okunjalo. Ukusikwa kwakhiwa kusuka ezingxenyeni eziphakathi nezingaphansi zamahlumela ukuze ukushuba kwawo kube kuhla kusuka ku-7 kuye ku-12 mm, futhi ubude bube ngama-20-30 cm. Uma uhlela ukuwatshala endaweni ebamba ukushisa, ungathatha izintambo zomsebenzi ngo-4-10 cm.
Ukuvuna ama-cutter lignified
Izithombo ezisikiwe kahle ezitshalwe emibhedeni evulekile ngokushesha nje ukundiza amaqabunga. Eziswini ezinjalo, ukusika okungenhla kufanele kube okucashile ukuze umswakama ungangeni kuyo. Izisiki ziphathwa nge-ejenti ye-rooting, bese ibekwa embhedeni eziseleni ezijule ngamasentimitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-20. Izisiko zigxiliswa egreyini ngo-2/3. Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlanganisela yesihlabathi ne-peat ithululelwa ku-groove. Isibambo kufanele siphumule sibheke phansi nangaphansi. Phezulu inhlabathi ngezendlalelo, uhlanganisa ngokucophelela. Lapho izinga laso seliba lomhlaba nenhlabathi, kwakhiwa isigaxa sokunisela ngaso sonke isibambo. Ngemuva kokunisela, engeza umhlaba ku-recess eyakhiwe. Ngemuva kwesithwathwa sasebusika, inhlabathi ezungeze ukusikeka kufanele iphinde ihlanganiswe ngokucophelela. Ngonyaka owodwa ngemuva kokutshala, izihlahla ezisikiwe zingadluliselwa endaweni engapheli.
Ithambo liyakhula
Ukukhula kwe-cherry iplamu kusuka kuthambo kuyinqubo ehamba kancane, kepha ayinzima, etholakala kuwo wonke umuntu. Okokuqala udinga ukulungiselela ingadi. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, umhlaba wemba kuze kufike ekujuleni kogobolondo lwefosholo, i-humus kufanele ifakwe enhlabathini ebunjiwe ngesilinganiso esingamakhilogremu ayi-8 ngemitha yesikwele nengilazi yomlotha wokhuni. Sebenzisa umanyolo wezimbiwa kanye nomquba ukwenza ngcono inhlabathi yenhlabathi akunconywa.
Ngokutshala okuzayo, amajikijolo avuthiwe akhethwa, amathambo asuswa ku-pulp futhi agezwe kahle. Amathambo omile ngethawula noma ephepheni elithambile, ayoma kungakapheli amahora ambalwa.
Amathambo alungiselelwe abekwa phezu kombhede ngesikhawu esingamasentimitha angama-70 ohlangothini ngalunye, awavale aze afinyelele ku-5 cm. Umbhede uhlangene.
Ngonyaka wokutshala, izithombo aziveli. Ngonyaka olandelayo, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kuvela izithombo ezincane engadini. Ngayinye inamapheshana ama-2 aqondiswe macala. Ngezansi kwentamo yezimpande iyabonakala ngaphansi kwazo, ilula kunesiqu esikhulu. Ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwenzeka phakathi kwamaqabunga, kuqhuma ihlumela elisebenza ngaphezulu lapho kwakheka khona izihluma ezintsha.
Ezindaweni ezinelanga, amahlumela akhula ngokushesha, kepha ekuqaleni kwehlobo ukukhula kwawo kuyayeka. Emaphethelweni amahlumela, kwakheka ama-buds, okuvela kuzo amahlumela amasha ngonyaka olandelayo. UCrohn uqala ukwakheka ngonyaka wesibili. Izithombo ezineminyaka emibili ubudala zingadluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Isibonakaliso sezilimo ezinhle zesikhathi esizayo ukukhula. Lezo zihlahla ezinokukhula okukhulu zizothela izithelo kahle. Amajikijolo okuqala avela eminyakeni eyi-3 ngemuva kokufakelwa. Le ndlela yokuzala ikuvumela ukuba uthole izitshalo ezingasabi nesithwathwa.
Ukunakekelwa
Ukunakekela izihlahla ezincane kufaka:
- ukhula;
- ukuchelela ngesikhathi;
- ukuthenwa komqhele;
- ukugqoka okuphezulu;
- silwe nezinambuzane nezifo.
Izihlahla
Ukuthena kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ukuthena kokuqala kwenziwa lapho ufika. Kamuva, esithelweni esidala, amagatsha ayathenwa uma ukukhula kungaveli. Amagatsha aphezulu kanye nesiqu nazo ziyancishiswa uma zikhula kakhulu. Kulokhu, ukuthenwa okungaphezulu kuka-1 m akuvunyelwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amahlumela aqonde phezulu okuphakama okukhulu azovela esizeni se-cut cut.
Nqampuna ngeminyaka
Inhloso yokulungisa nayo iyancipha. Lokhu kususa ubuthakathaka begatsha elihlangene, amagatsha agobile agxambukela kwabanye. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthuthukisa ukukhanyisa. Onke amagatsha anesifo nalawo aqondiswe ngaphakathi komqhele nawo ayasuswa.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ngonyaka wokuqala, isithombo asidingi kumanyolo, ngoba lapho ukutshala isilinganiso esanele sezakhi singeniswa emgodini. Ngemuva kwalokho, njalo eminyakeni emi-3, kwenziwa umanyolo we-organic ngesilinganiso se-10 kg nge-1 sq. Km esitolo sokudla esiseduze kombuthano oseduze. m imiqhele.
Ngokungafani ne-organic, umanyolo wamaminerali kumele usetshenziswe minyaka yonke. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, lesi sitshalo sondliwa nge-ammonium nitrate ngesilinganiso sama-60 g nge-1 sq. m. NgoJuni, umanyolo oqukethe i-potassium ne-superphosphate kufanele ungezwe enhlabathini ngesilinganiso esingu-50 g no-120 g nge-1 sq km. m. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, i-cherry plum idinga i-nitrogen ne-potassium, idinga umanyolo we-phosphorus kancane.Ngakho-ke, ukufaka umanyolo kokuqala ngomanyolo we-nitrogen kungenziwa ekuqaleni kwesizini, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Isifo se-plum se-Cherry
I-Cherry plum, kanye nezinye izithelo zamatshe, isengozini yezifo ezahlukahlukene. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa izimpawu zezifo nezindlela zokwelashwa kwazo.
Ithebula: isifo se-cherry iplamu nokwelashwa kwabo
| Izifo ne-pathogen | Izimpawu | Izindlela zokulawula |
| Ibala elinsundu. Ibizwa amakhowe | Izikhala zakha amaqabunga, umbala wawo kuncike kwi-pathogen (brown, aphuzi noma i-ocher). Kamuva kutholakala amachashazi amnyama - izinhlamvu. Maphakathi amaqabunga ayabuna, amaqabunga ayawa | Amacembe agulayo kufanele abhujiswe. Izihlahla ziphathwa nge-1% Bordeaux ingxube amahlandla ama-3: ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza kanye namasonto ama-2 ngemuva kokwelashwa kwesi-2. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu, izitshalo kufanele ziphinde zifafazwe amasonto ama-3 ngaphambi kokuvuna |
| I-Coccomycosis. Umenzeli we-causative ukhunta | UViolet - ubala amabala abomvu noma ansundu esiqongweni samaqabunga. Ngaphansi kwamaqabunga kumbozwe amashubhu amhlophe, amabhulukwe anezinhlamvu. Hhayi nje kuphela amaqabunga ahlupheka, kodwa nezithelo. Ziguqula ukwakheka, awukwazi ukuzidla | Amahlamvu nezithelo ezithelelekile kuyavunwa futhi kushiswe. Entwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali futhi ekwindla, ekugcineni kokukha amajikijolo, izihlahla ziyafafazwa ngesisombululo esingu-1% sengxube yeBordeaux |
| I-Moniliosis, ukushiswa kwe-moniliosis. Isifo sokukhunta okubangelwa i-Ascomycete Monilia | Amagatsha athola umbala onsundu, abune, izithelo zibolile. Khula Grey kumajikijolo | Izingxenye ezithintekile zezitshalo ziyasikwa futhi zishiswe. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngezigaba ezi-3: lapho amaqabunga eqhakaza - ingxube ka-3% ye-Bordeaux, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza nangemva kokuqhakaza - Ingu-1% yeBordeaux |
| "Amaphakethe". Isifo sokukhunta | Izithelo ezisethiwe ziyakhishwa, ziba ngesimo se-sac. Amathambo awakhiwa. Amajikijolo awavuthi, aphenduke ansundu bese omile bese ewa | Izingxenye ezigulayo zezitshalo ziyaqoqwa futhi zishiswe. Icubungula nesixazululo esingu-1% soketshezi lweBordeaux senziwa izikhathi ezi-2: ngesikhathi sokuhluma nangemuva kokuqhakaza |
| Ukubuka okubonakalayo (Kleasterosporiasis). Umenzeli we-causative ukhunta | Amabala ansundu anefomu lomngcele obomvu emaqabunga. Amabala ayashwabana. Izinso ziba mnyama, izithelo ziba namabala, kamuva okuvuvukala. Izithelo zomile | Izingxenye ezigulayo zezitshalo kumele zichithwe. Izihlahla ziphathwa nge-1% Bordeaux ingxube amahlandla ama-3: ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza kanye namasonto ama-2 ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-2. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu, izitshalo kufanele ziphinde zifafazwe amasonto ama-3 ngaphambi kokuvuna |
| Umaki wezithelo onsundu | Izibungu zivela entwasahlobo lapho ihlumela livuleka. Ama-ligava molt, izikhumba zawo zinika amahlamvu umbala wesiliva. Amaqabunga aphenduka ansundu futhi aqhekeke | Ukuhlanza amagxolo wezicubu ezifile. Ukwelashwa ngama-insecticides (i-Fufanon, iKarate) ngaphambi kokukhukhumala kwezinso nangesikhathi sokukhula kwesihlahla |
| USlimy sawfly | Idla emacwecweni amaqabunga, ishiya imithambo kuphela | Iqoqo le-Autumn lamaqabunga awile nezithelo. Ukufafaza izihlahla ngoJulayi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti nguFufanon noma uNovoaktion |
| I-Plum aphid | Lesi sinambuzane sakha ujusi emaqabungeni kanye namahlumela amancane. Amahlamvu aguqula ukwakheka, aphuzi apende | Ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwesihlahla, izihlahla ziyafafazwa ngeKarbofos noma i-Sumition, ziphatha ngokucophelela indawo engezansi yamaqabunga |
Ukufafaza ngama-insecticides kuyasebenza futhi ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zamabhu, kanye nakuthoni iplamu sawubona. Ukuvimbela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilonda kuqukethe ukuhlanza amaqabunga awile, kususe izingxenye zezifo ezinezifo, ukuzondla okunekhono.
Amabala ansundu kumaqabunga
Lapho kukhula i-cherry iplamu, ezinye izinkinga ziyenzeka. Umuthi omiswe kahle ungathela izithelo eziningi eziwela ekuvuthweni okugcwele. Imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka lapho umbuso wokunisela wephulwa. Izithelo eziningi kakhulu zidinga umswakama omningi. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe njalo egungwini elimbiwe eceleni komngcele womqhele.
I-Moniliosis ayithinti amaqabunga kuphela, kodwa nezithelo
Uma umuthi ungatheli izithelo, isizathu esivame kakhulu ukungabi bikho kokupholisa impova. Njengoba izinhlobo eziningi ze-cherry iplamu ziyakwazi ukuzimela, ukuba khona kwezihlahla eziningana ezifanayo ngeke kuyixazulule inkinga. Ukuthola isivuno, kufanele utshale isihlahla solunye uhlobo oluseduzane.
Izici zokukhula kwe-cherry plum ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esibuhlungu
Ngawo wonke umuntu ongathobeki futhi engakhethi enhlabathini, ezifundeni ezihlukene kungcono ukukhulisa izinhlobo zezimbali. Umdabu esifundeni eseningizimu, ngenxa yemizamo yabahwebi bezithelo ezingama-cherry iplamu, izifunda ezisenyakatho ezinzima zanqoba.
Isifunda saseMidland naseMoscow
Ukubekezelela isimo sezulu esishintshayo, ukubuyisa isithwathwa nokunye okujabulisa indawo enobungozi yezolimo, kufanelekile ukunaka izinhlobo ezahlukaniswe i-Middle Strip. Phakathi kwazo kuvela i-Rocket Seedling - engamelana kakhulu nesithwathwa neTende - elikhulu kunayo yonke.
I-Cherry plum ilungele isifunda saseMoscow
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo naso sibaluleke kakhulu. Ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaJulayi - ukuqala kuka-Agasti, iVetraz, iMonomakh, iNesmeyana kuthela izithelo. Kamuva, maphakathi no-Agasti, i-Apricot, i-Peach, eye-Kuban comet, i-Anastasia, iSarmatka, neKarminnaya Zhukova, iChuk, neLate comet rip. Ilungele iSifunda saseMoscow Mara, Skoroplodnaya neGolide Scysians. Ngaphezu kweRocketetling, isipho seSt. Petersburg neVladimir Comet zisinda ngokuphepha eqandeni.
Izipho Ezihlukahlukene eziya eSt. Petersburg azesabi i-vagaries yesimo sezulu
ISiberia
Izimo ezinzima kakhulu zepulamu ipulami zibonwa eSiberia. Iminwe iyingozi kuyena, ilandelwe yisithwathwa esinzima. Ukumelana nesithwathwa esibuthaka kanye nesikhathi esifushane sokuphumula kobusika asivumeli iseningizimu ukuba ifakwe kulezi zingxenye. Kepha eSiberia, izinhlobo ezi-hybrid ezalwe ngempumelelo lezi zindawo zikhule ngempumelelo.
Ithebula: Izinhlobonhlobo zepulamu ipulami yezingadi zaseSiberia
| Isihloko | Isikhathi sokuvula | Ukukhiqiza kg | Isici amajikijolo |
| Scarlet Dawn | Ukuphela kukaJulayi | 8 - 15 | Okubomvu okukhanyayo, okumnandi-okusha, 11-15g |
| I-dessert yasenyakatho | Ishumi lokuqala lika-Agasti | 4 - 6 | Ubomvu ogqamile, uphudingi, 10 - 17 g |
| Isithandwa | Iminyaka engama-2 - 3 ka-Agasti | 3 - 8 | Olubomvu, usawoti, 13 - 19 g |
| Amber | Ishumi lokugcina lika-Agasti | 12 - 18 | Ophuzi, omnandi futhi omuncu, 12 - 16 g |
Izinhlobo ezikhethekile ezibunjiwe njenge-rainbow, iMars, i-Almond neRubin zikhula kahle eSiberia. Zonke zidinga omakhelwane - abavukuzayo. Okuhlukile kune-Amber engazinikeli ngokwengxenye.
Izinhlobo zezinyosi zikhula ngisho naseSiberia
Ukubuyekezwa
I-cherry yami iplamu i-Vetraz netholakele iyakhula, amathambo awahlukani, kepha sidla ngentokozo (isigamu sesibili sikaJulayi). Ehlobo, zonke izithelo zamatshe zazingenazithelo.
Katr Moscow
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Ngiyithanda kakhulu inkambiso yeKuban. Wonke umuntu ujabulela isivuno esihle futhi esihlwabusayo, esimaphakathi nendawo, esingaguli. Endlini yethu yakudala yezwe, kukhiqizwe isivuno, esasibalwa umthwalo wemoto. Amagatsha avela ezitshalweni ayephula njalo. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-10, isivuno saqala ukuncipha unyaka nonyaka, saze safinyelela emabhakede amancane ama-2. Angizazi izizathu, mhlawumbe iqiniso ukuthi akekho noyedwa owake wagada isihlahla. Angazi isiphetho esiqhubekayo somuthi, ngoba Le ndlwana iyathengiswa. Amajikijolo amnandi ngokudla, nawokuqandisa, nangama-compotes ezithelo.
I-NEL Krasnodar
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Ihlandla lesipho laseSt. Njengoba lokhu kuyizinhlobo ezethembekile zobusika eziqinile. Kuhle ukutshala noma iyiphi enye i-cherry plum njengesipho.
toliam1
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/261664/page-14
... iminyaka eminingi isihlahla esikhulu se-cherry iplamu nengadi ye-plum yonke (iHungary) besilokhu sikhula eduzane. I-Cherry iplamu ayizange ithele izithelo. Iqhakaze kahle, kodwa hhayi isithelo esisodwa. Ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ze-cherry iplamu zazitshalwe eduzane eminyakeni embalwa edlule, futhi zombili zaqhakaza kulo nyaka ... futhi ngenxa yalokho (ngokusobala) - kunezithelo eziningi ku-plum endala yasendulo njengoba kunamaqabunga. Uma zingakhubeki, kungaba yinto ethile ...
UTristana
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/261664/page-8
I-Cherry plum iyisitshalo esingenakungabaza, esibongayo esiphendula ngokuvuna okuningi ngisho nokunakekelwa okuncane. Futhi uma umnakekela ngokwemithetho, inani lezithelo lizodlula konke okulindelwe. Lezi zihlahla nezihlahla ezinhle zijabulisa iso kusukela ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza kuze kube yilapho amaqabunga ewa. Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zizokuvumela ukuthi ukhethe eyodwa ezokuheha.
