I-Aphid e-apula kungase kuvele ngamathuba aphezulu, ngakho wonke umuntu ofuna ukuvikela izitshalo zawo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nabo. I-Aphid iyinambuzane encane, ubukhulu bayo abudluli ku-4-7 mm, noma yiyona inkathazo eyingozi kakhulu yezitshalo nezithelo zezithelo. Izinkulungwane zezihlahla ze-apula zihlaselwa yizilokazane ngonyaka, ngokulahlekelwa kwezitshalo eziphawulekayo. Ngesikhathi esifushane, ama-aphid amaningana angashintsha ibe yinto yonke futhi afike kunoma iyiphi indawo, njengoba ehamba emoyeni. Kunezinyathelo eziningi zokuzivikela eziphumelelayo ezibhekiswe kuma-aphid kuma-apula, okuzosiza ukunciphisa amathuba okukhiqiza okuningi ensimini yale nkathazo.
Kungani i-aphid ivela kuma-apula, nokuthi uyayithola kanjani
I-apple-tree ishaywa i-aphid ebomvu noma ephuzi cishe ngo-2-3 mm ubude, enenhloko ebomvu nomhlane omnyama nomsila. Amaqanda phezu kwendwangu e-apula, futhi kuzalwa izintwakazi ezivela kubo, okufaka isandla ekwakhiweni kwawo wonke amakoloni esihlahleni. Izinambuzane zezinambuzane zivuthiwe kakhulu futhi zingaveza izibungu ezingama-40 ngesikhathi. Ama-aphid asebenzayo avame ngo-Septhemba. I-Aphid ihlasela kuphela lezo zitshalo ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acids emanzini amaqabunga. Lokhu kungenxa yokuntuleka kwe-potassium, i-phosphorus, noma ukungaphezu kwe-nitrogen. Ukuthola i-aphid kwi-apula kulula: amaqabunga aphethweyo aqala ukugoqa, aphenduke omnyama futhi asomile. Khona-ke ama-blister obomvu avela emaqabunga, okusho ukuthi leli qabunga liphinde lishaye futhi life.
Ngenxa yokunqotshwa kwe-aphid, amaqabunga ahlanganiswa ngamanzi anamanzi. Lona ipedi lapho izintuthwane zihamba khona. Ukubukeka kwezintuthwane kuyisinye sezibonakaliso zokuba khona kwama-aphid kuma-apula. Esikhathini sokuqala kunzima ukukhomba inkathazo esihlahleni, njengoba i-aphid iqala ukuhlala phezu kwayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho izinambuzane zidla zonke amaqabunga ahlanzekile, zihlehlela emagatsheni aphansi, lapho zilula khona ukubona khona, zanele ukuguqula noma yiliphi iqabunga. Njengoba, ngaphezu kokudla amaqabunga, le nambuzane iyisithwala esiyingozi sezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, kubalulekile ukubhubhisa ama-aphid ku-apula ngokushesha ngemva kokuthola.
Ngeshwa, ngisho nasendaweni ehlelwe kahle kakhulu futhi ehlelwe kahle kunamathuba aphezulu okushaya umuthi we-apula. Njengoba lezi zinambuzane zihamba emoyeni, zingakwazi ukuhamba kalula ezindaweni ezizungezile.
Uyazi? I-Aphid - enye yamaqembu amakhulu kakhulu ezinambuzane, okuletha ndawonye cishe izinhlobo ezingu-4000. Kulaba, cishe abangaba ngu-1 000 bahlala eYurophu. Unyaka nonyaka, ososayensi bachaza izinhlobo eziningi ezintsha zalesi sifo.
Indlela yokuvikela izithombo nezihlahla ezivuthiwe ezivela kuma-aphid
Namuhla, imboni yamakhemikhali iyathuthuka ngokuqinile futhi ilwa nezinambuzane ezinambuzane, kufaka phakathi ama-aphid, ingahlinzeka ngezinhlobo eziningi zama-pesticides. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abalimi abanolwazi basebenzisa izindlela zokulawula izinambuzane eziye zafakazela ukuthi ziyasebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela eziphilayo zokulawula izinambuzane zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela. Okulandelayo, sihlolisisa indlela yokuvikela isitshalo se-apula kuma-aphid.
Kodwa-ke, ucabangela ukuphumelela komunye umuntu noma enye indlela yokulawula izinambuzane ezinambuzane, umuntu akakwazi ukubiza enye indlela i-panacea kuwo wonke amacala, ngoba ukusebenza kwezinyathelo kuncike ezimweni esiteshini, inombolo yezihlahla nezitshalo ezihambisanayo. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa zonke izinyathelo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngoba i-aphid iyimvelo ephilayo, futhi ingahlakulela umlutha kunye noma enye indlela.
Kubalulekile! Ungawunaki umonakalo owenziwa yi-aphid kumunda wezithelo wase-apula. Eziningi zezinhlobo zawo zisakaze izifo eziyingozi futhi zitshale amagciwane futhi zingabangela ukuhlukunyezwa okuhlukahlukene, njengama-galls kanye nezinhlobo ezinjengezinyosi, ezingenakukwazi ukuziqeda.
Amakhemikhali
Uma inamba enkulu yezinambuzane ezidla ama-aphid (isibonelo, i-ladybug) ayitholakali engxenyeni engadini, khona-ke iyoba yindlela enembile kakhulu yokuyichitha ngamalungiselelo amakhemikhali. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungaphuthelwa isikhathi ngenkathi uhlela izindlela zokubhekana nama-aphid. Ekuseni kwentwasahlobo, lapho amaqabunga eqala ukuqhakaza, futhi kunesikhathi esihle sokucubungula izihlahla ze-aphid. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, amathuba okushisa amaqabunga ayancishiswa, kepha umonakalo we-aphid izimpungushe uzoba obalulekile.
Ikhambi eliphumelelayo kakhulu ekuqedeni izinhlobo eziningi zezibungu nezibungu ezinwabuzelayo yi-Nitrofen. Kubalulekile ukuphucula i-200 g yezidakamizwa ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi bese kusetshenziselwa umuthi othelelekile ngaphambi kokuphuka kwephunga. Ibuye isebenze kakhulu "Olekuprit", isixazululo sayo se-4% siphinde sibhubhise amaqanda aphid. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwe-apula, ama-Kinmik angasetshenziswa futhi. Kuvele kuboniswe ukubulala izinambuzane ezondla amaqabunga amajusi bese ziqoqa izitshalo.
Isixazululo kufanele senziwe ngokuvumelana nezincomo zeziyalezo, ngemuva kokuphalaza izidakamizwa zizoqala ukusebenza phakathi nehora bese zivikela umuthi amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu. Amanye ama-aphid emithini eyaziwa ngabalimi yiKarate no-Inta-Vir. Okokuqala kusetshenziselwa ukonga kakhulu: ama-10 amalitha esisombululo akwanele ukucubungula amamitha ayikhulu angamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye. Futhi okwesibili, i- "Inta-Vir", ilwa ngokuphumelelayo nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-50 zezinambuzane, kuhlanganise ne-apula aphid. 
Ukupunika okulodwa akukwanele ukubhubhisa ngokuphelele ama-aphid; noma kunjalo, ukuze uphinde uphathe ukwelashwa, ukugwema amalungiselelo kuyadingeka okungeke kushise amaqabunga. Lezi zihlanganisa "Iskra", "Decis" ne "Cypermethrin". "Hlola" - ithuluzi eliphumelelayo elizosiza ukubhubhisa izibungu ezincane phakathi nonyaka okhulayo we-apula. Kudingekile ukuchitha 1 ithebulethi yomuthi ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Ungaphonsa izihlahla ngalesi sigaba njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-18-20.
Uyazi? Ngokwezibalo, isilinganiso semithi yokwelashwa nge-apula ne-pesticides ngesikhathi sokukhula sisezindaweni eziseningizimu - 13-16, maphakathi no-8-10.
Indlela yokubhekana nama-aphid ezindleleni zomuntu we-apula
Ngisho nokhokho bethu bakwazi ukuqeda izinambuzane ezihlahleni ze-apula, abalimi basebenzisa izindlela zabo namuhla. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-infusions nezixazululo ezibhekene nezilokazane ezinambuzane ezingahle zilungiswe ekhaya zisebenzisa amathuluzi atholakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwezixazululo ezinjalo kungukuthi banobuhle bendawo futhi kufanelekile kulabo abangakholelwa ngamakhemikhali anobuthi. 
Abalimi abanolwazi baye baphetha isikhathi eside ukuthi i-aphid ayihlaseli izitshalo lapho umlotha ususelwe ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo ye-potassium ne-phosphorus. Ngakho-ke, kuphumelela kakhulu ukuletha ngaphansi kokugqoka okuphezulu kwezimpande okuqukethe umlotha, kanye nokupenda i-apula kuma-aphid ngesisombululo somlotha. Ukulungisa isisombululo kuzodinga amalitha ayi-10 wamanzi kanye no-2 izindebe zomlotha oguqulwe ngaphambilini. Ukuze uhambisane kangcono nesixazululo, ungangezela ama-50 g wesipho elihlutshiwe. Hlanganisa ubukhulu futhi uvumele ume, bese uphefa isitshalo, uhlose ohlangothini oluhlukile lwamacembe.
Usiza ukulwa ne-aphid utshani lwe-celandine. Uma ikhula kusayithi lakho, ungalungisa i-decoction yokupunifaza. I-kilogram celandine uthele ama-3 amalitha amanzi abilayo, bese ufaka kwisixazululo amanye ama-7 amalitha amanzi ashisayo. Vumela lesi sixazululo ukunikeza izinsuku ezimbili, bese usulaza isihlahla se-apula.
Isixazululo se-Garlic yisinye ikhambi esingasetshenziswa nge-aphid. Udinga ukusika ama-clove ama-5-6, uwafake ku-1/2 indebe yamanzi, ushiye amahora angu-24. Bese engeza i-1 tsp. insipho yamanzi kanye no-2 tsp. amafutha yemifino. Gcoba bese uhlunga isisindo esilandelayo ngamanzi embizeni yamatitha amathathu. Phatha izindawo ezithintekile ngebhodi le-spray. 
Kuvezwe kahle ekuxazululeni ikhambi lokulawulwa kwezinambuzane, elisetshenziselwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthola ama-aphid. Thatha amagremu angama-200 kagwayi omisiwe noma ugwayi kanye nezinsuku ezimbili, udwebe ama-5 amalitha amanzi. Bese ushaya bese wengeza amanye ama-5 amalitha amanzi kanye no-50 g wensipho ehlutshiwe. Gcoba kahle bese uphefa izihlahla. Enye iresiphi isekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwamapelisi we-anyanisi: 200 g wepeli agcizelela amalitha ayishumi amanzi ashisayo ngezinsuku ezingu-4-5. Sula izihlahla ze-aphid ezithintekile izikhathi ezintathu njalo ezinsukwini eziyisihlanu.
Futhi iresiphi yokugcina yemithi ephikisayo ye-aphid e-apula, eyabhekana nabalimi babheka ukuthi iyasebenza kakhulu. Ebhaketheni lamanzi ashisayo, udinga ukudiliza i-200 g isepha, ingilazi yomhluzi omningi we-shag, isigamu seglasi le-ash ash ehlanganisiwe nekomishi yekota yesine. Ngisho nokukhiqizwa kwe-aphid eningi kakhulu kusebenza kahle.
Kubalulekile! Emaqabunga e-apula angabonakala emnyama, okusho ukuthi isitshalo sithinteka yi-soot fungus. Ukuze ususe lesi sifo, udinga ukubhubhisa ama-aphid.
Izindlela eziphilayo: yini ongatshala ngaphansi kwe-apula kusuka kuma-aphid
Indlela yokulawula i-biological inquma indlela yokukhipha ama-aphid e-apula usebenzisa izidalwa eziphilayo, kanye nokutshala izitshalo ezibaqothulayo.
Izinyathelo zemvelo zihlanganisa:
- ukubhujiswa kwama-anthills. Izintuthwane ziphikisa ama-aphid, ngoba zidla kudatha elimnandi elikhishwe yiyo;
- ukutshala eceleni kwe-apula izihlahla zezitshalo ezikhethekile ukuthi ama-aphid angathandi. Iphunga elimnandi lavender, i-Dalmatian chamomile, i-calendula, utamatisi, i-garlic noma i-tansy iyabalisa izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene zezihlahla zezithelo, kufaka phakathi ama-aphid. Kukhona nezitshalo ezikhangayo kakhulu ama-aphid, okungekho nhlobo angeke atshalwe eduze kwesihlahla se-apula. Zifana ne-nasturtium, i-hypnotic poppy, i-kosmeya, i-mallow, i-begonia ye-tuberous, i-viburnum ne-linden;
- ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zezinyoni kanye nokudala izimo zezinyoni ezigubha ama-aphid. Bangabantlunkulu, ama-linnets, ama-robins, ama-tits;
- ukutshalwa kwezinambuzane ezinjengama-ladybugs, ama-hoverflies, izimpukane ze-eyed golden kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezidla ama-aphid.
Ukuheha ukunakekelwa kwalezi zinambuzane nezinyoni, udinga ukutshala ama-herbs aphunga kanye nama-spicy eduze kwe-apula.
Aphid Prevention on Apple Trees
Njengoba akuyona into elula yokulwa nama-aphid kuma-apula, okudinga indlela ehlanganisiwe, akuyona into engafanele ukugcina ezinye izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane eziphindaphindiwe. Ngaphambi kokuthenga izinto zokutshala, udinga ukuyihlola ngokucophelela, ngoba i-aphid ingafika kwisayithi kanye nezithombo.
Ama-aphid ayikwazi ukuluma ngamaqabunga amancane futhi anwebekayo, ngakho-ke ukuchelela okwesikhashana nangokujwayelekile, ukusetshenziswa kokufaka umanyolo, ukuqubuzana nokufafaza kwama-treetops kuyadingeka. Kubuye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungadluli i-apple ngesihlahla sama-fertilizer azitrogenous, ngisho nama-organic, njengezinkukhu. Lokhu futhi kuholela kuma-aphid. Ngaphambi kokushiya insimu yezithelo zasebusika ebusika, kubalulekile ukubhubhisa izimpungushe ze-aphid ezilungiselelwe le nkathi emagqeni e-apula. Ukwenza lokhu, ekwindla bahlanza amagxolo ezihlahla. Ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokulimaza igxolo enempilo yomuthi, uphahla amagxolo afile phezu kwesiqu kanye namagatsha amacembe ane-scraper noma i-wire brush. Okokuqala udinga ukubeka ifilimu ukuze izingcezu zegxolo ezitheleleke ngama-aphid zingangeni emthini. Bese uqoqa konke bese ushisa, kanye namahlumela empande ne wen, abuye aqedwe.
