IHyacinth iyimbali ebabazekayo enhle futhi ethandekayo yomndeni wase-Asparagus, igama livela enganekwaneni yasendulo yamaGrikhi: IHyacinth yayiyintandokazi ka-Apollo, babevame ukuncintisana kwezemidlalo kuthi ngolunye usuku u-Apollo aphose idiski eHyacinth, eyamshaya waze wafa. Izimbali ezimangalisayo ze-lilac kamuva zakhula kusuka ekudonseleni kwegazi otshanini; imbali leyo yaqanjwa ngegama lokuhlonipha le nsizwa eshonile.
Izwe lasekhaya eNyakatho Afrika naseMpumalanga. INetherlands idinga ama-hyacinths futhi izwe libizwa ngokuthi yisikhungo sokutshala lezi zimbali.
Ukuchazwa kwesitshalo
Amabhuleki alukhuni, ahlanganiswe ngezikali ezinamanzi. I-peduncle ayinamaqabunga futhi ifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha amathathu, lapho nje isaphela, ngokushesha iyoma kanye nalezo ezikhula zibheke phezulu. Ekhoneni leqabunga elinamandla amakhulu, kuzalwa izinso, kuzokhula isivuno esisha kuso ngonyaka olandelayo.
Izimbali ziqoqeka ngesimo sohlaka. IPerianth inezinhlaka ezimboze kancane zezimbali, ezimise okomhloshana, zipendwe ngemibala egqamile. Ayahlukahluka ukuthungwa ku-terry futhi abushelelezi. Imbewu isezithelweni.
I-hyacinth yamanzi nezinye izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Kunezinhlobo ezi-5 eziphambili zokutshala kokuhlobisa. Intengo ephakathi ye-hyacinth ngama-ruble angama-180-200.
| Buka | Incazelo |
| I-hyacinth eseMpumalanga | Zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo zokuhlobisa ezaziwayo zitshalwa kuwo. I-Peduncle ngezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ophuzi, iphunga linamandla futhi limnandi. |
| I-Hyacinth Litvinova | Amaqabunga grey, ahlukaniswe ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, ububanzi, izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezisikiwe, ezinqwabelene ziyaphuma. |
| I-Hyacinth Transcaspian | Inesiqu esisodwa noma amabili afinyelela ku-20 cm. Amaqabunga amnandi, izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zitholakala kuhlanga. |
| I-hyacinth yegundane | Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingokwenhlanzana engezansi ye-hyacinth. Izimbali ezingajwayelekile ze-hue emhlophe, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka no-nsomi. Banephunga eliqinile nelinephunga elimnandi. Le nhlobo isatshalaliswa ngokwahlukaniswa kwekwindla, ngoba ehlobo kwakhiwa amabhulethi anele. |
| I-hyacinth yamanzi (amanzi) | Le nhlobonhlobo ikhula emazweni asezindaweni ezishisayo, amaqabunga akwi-rosette ezansi, athelelekile ngesimo. Izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, pinki kanye nsomi. Ekhaya, isitshalo sasendle sikhula kakhulu echibini noma kunoma yimuphi omunye umanzi wamanzi, okwenza kube nzima ngabatshali ukuthi bahambe. Kungabhulwa njengokubonakala kokuhlobisa kumzila ophakathi nendawo. Ibuye isetshenziswe ekhaya e-aquarium. |
Izinhlobonhlobo ngesikimu sombala
IHyacinth inemibala eminingi. Ngombala, izinhlobo zihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezihlukile futhi zinamagama nezincazelo zazo.
| Isikali sombala (amamaki) | Incazelo |
| Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka |
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| Okuhlosiwe |
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| Abelungu |
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| Ipinki |
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| Okubomvu nokuphuzi |
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I-Hyacinth: ukutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile
Ukutshala izimbali kuncike ngokuphelele esimweni sezulu.
| Indawo yokuhlala | Isikhathi |
| Isifunda saseMoscow | Izinyanga ezinhle kakhulu zokutshala isitshalo ziphela ngoSepthemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Uma kubanda kakhulu, kufanele umboze izimbali ngento ekhethekile. Ifilimu lingagcinwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwamaviki ama-3, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zizohluma. |
| Isifunda seLeningrad | Tshala emhlabathini ovulekile ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Uma uhlela ukukhosela izimbali, khona-ke ukutshala kungahlehliswa kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. |
| Ural | Izimbali zitshalwe maphakathi no-Septhemba, into esemqoka ukuthi inhlabathi ayiqandeki, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande ngeke ziqhume. |
| ISiberia | Ukudilizwa kwenziwa ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Kuze kube yilapho ama anezimpande ngokuphelele. Izimbali kufanele zimbozwe ngefilimu. |
Ukuze i-hyacinth ithathe izimpande ngesikhathi sokutshala ebusika noma ekwindla, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukutshala izimbali eziningana emhlabathini, kuya ngesizini.
Ukutshala i-Autumn kwehlukile ebusika kunalokho okuchazwe etafuleni:
| Ipharamitha / Isizini | Ukuwa | Ubusika |
| Ukukhetha indawo engadini | Kuyinto engathandeki ukutshala ama-hyacinths lapho noma yisiphi isitshalo se-bulbous sisetshenziselwa ukutshala. Indawo ongayikhetha ayikhanyiswa kakhulu yilanga, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi amahora amaningi ingena emthunzini oyingxenye. | Kufanelekile ukukhetha icebo lomhlaba elivikelwe emoyeni, ukukhanya kufanele kuchithwe hhayi kukhanye. |
| Inhlabathi, umanyolo | Thela umanyolo emithonjeni bese ufaka amanzi avela esihlabathini esiqhekekile, ungqimba kufanele lube yi-4 cm ubukhulu. | Umhlaba ofanelekayo we-acidity ephansi. Uma ugobe unenhlabathi enama-acid, kufanele uqale uwumise, bese wengeza isihlabathi emhlabathini wobumba. Ngaphambi kwenqubo yokutshala ama-hyacinths, umhlaba kumele wembiwe nge-humus. |
| Ukukhetha kwe-Bulb nokulungiselela | Ngokutshala, udinga ukukhetha u-anyanisi ophakathi futhi ubekezelele isigamu sehora kusisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate. | Ngaphambi kokutshala, beka isisombululo se-fungicide. |
| Ukufakelwa | Tshala i-bulb enkulu naphakathi kuya ekujuleni okungaba ngu-15 cm, cm omncane 8. Ngaphambi kokutshala okufakwayo, fafaza umgodi ngesihlabathi esihlanganisiwe bese ucindezela isibani, bese usigcwalisa ngomhlaba. Ibanga phakathi kwezimbobo lingamasentimitha ayi-10. Thela esitsheni sokuchelela. | Amabhule amakhulu atshalwa aze ajule ngo-17 cm, futhi aphakathi kuya ku-13 cm. Ibanga phakathi kwezimbali kufanele libe ngu-15-16 cm. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Ukondla akudingeki, umanyolo we-nitrogen usetshenziswa kuphela entwasahlobo nasehlobo. | Awudingi ukufaka umanyolo, ama-humus anele emgodini. |
| Ukunakekelwa | I-Hyacinth kufanele iniselwe njengoba umhlabathi womisa. Nyakazisa inhlabathi ngamasentimitha angama-20 bese ukhulula kancane umhlaba nxazonke. Ngesikhathi seqhwa ukumboza ngefilimu, kepha ngemuva kwamasonto amane ukufika, awesabi ukubanda. | Isidingo sokunakekela ukumboza lesi sitshalo ngokusonga kwepulasitiki ukuze sikwazi ukubekezelela ubusika ngempumelelo. Futhi, indawo ingambozwa ngamaqabunga, i-humus noma ungqimba lwe-peat, ikhishwe entwasahlobo. |
Ngemuva kwezimbali
Ngokufakelwa, udinga ukumba isitshalo ngemuva kokuqhakaza ehlobo bese usigcina kuze kube sekupheleni. Ekwindla, dlulisela kwenye indawo. Lapho nje i-hyacinth iyeka ukuqhakaza, kungakuhle ukuthi ulinde izinyanga ezimbili ukuze ilulame.
Amabhuleki kufanele agcinwe ngokucophelela nangokucophelela, ama-inflorescence amancane azalwa kuwo. Lapho sebembile, kufanele bomiswe izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu endaweni enomoya omncane.
Ukusula izimpande zama-clods omhlaba. Kunezigaba ezimbili zokugcina izinto zokutshala: kumazinga okushisa aphakeme nasekutshaleni ngaphambi kokutshala.
Esigabeni sokuqala, ama bulbu afudumele ekushiseni kwama-degree angu-+24 izinyanga eziningana, bese kuba inyanga ku-+16. Umswakama kubalulekile ukugcina phezulu ukuvimbela ukoma ngaphandle. Ngaphambi kokutshala isonto lonke, yikhiphe ngaphandle ukuze zijwayele nesimo sezulu.
Ukuphoqa nokukhulisa indlu
Isinyathelo-by-step isiyalo sokuthaphuka:
- Amanzi athelwa phansi kwembiza, emva komhlaba.
- Ibanga phakathi kwezimbobo okungenani li-4 cm.
- Ngemuva kokunisela, umhlabathi umbozwe ngesihlabathi, ngakho-ke uhlelo lwezimpande aluboli.
- Izimbobo zenziwa esikhwameni bese kubekwa isitsha lapho, emva kwalokho sibekwe endaweni epholile izinyanga eziningana.
- Ukuchelela kwenziwa izikhathi ezi-2 ngeviki, inqobo nje uma igumbi linomswakama ophezulu kakhulu.
- Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili, amahlumela abekwa endaweni efudumele futhi emnyama. Lapho nje zifika ku-10 cm ukuphakama, zibekwa ekukhanyeni. Ukulima ekhaya, kubalulekile ukuthi izinga lokushisa okokuqala lingabi ngaphezu kwama-degree angu-16.
Ngemuva kwe-primrose, imbiza ingabekwa noma kuphi, kepha kuyalulekwa ukuyivikela kokungakapheli.
Ukuzala
I-Hyacinth dilution ihamba kancane. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukusheshisa inqubo yokuzala, baphendukela ekuvuseleleni ama bulbs ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- Ukusika phansi. Kuvunwa ama- bulbs amakhulu, kugezwe futhi komiswe. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7, izimpande ziqala ukuwa, bese kuthi ukuvela nge-wedge kwenziwe ngommese obukhali, phansi kanye nezinso zisuswe. Ngemuva kokutshala izinto zibekwe phansi esitsheni, kufafazwe ngamalahle futhi kumbozwe ngesikhwama. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu, ukuqala kwezimpande kanye namahlumela kuyavela.
- Isikali. I-bulb ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezine futhi izikali zihlukana kusuka ngezansi. Kuhlanganiswe esikhwameni sesihlabathi. Babambe inyanga eyodwa nohhafu ezinyangeni ezingama-+22 nenombolo efanayo ku-+18.
- Ukushiswa phansi. Ukuqunjelwa kwenziwa ezansi ngesimo sesiphambano, kufafazwe ngamalahle futhi kushiywe egumbini elifudumele. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuvela u-anyanisi omusha we-15.
- Izimbumbulu. Kwenziwa phambi kweqhakaza on a imbali. Thatha amaqabunga amabili phansi, uwahlanyele esitsheni esiphakathi nesihlabathi esinama-4 000. Asifaka esikhwameni esiqinile sepulasitiki futhi asigcina sifudumele ngaphansi komswakama omkhulu.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
IHyacinth ichayeka ezifweni nasekuhlaselweni yizinambuzane. Okuyinhloko kwethulwe etafuleni.
| Isifo / Izifo | Isici seLesion | Izindlela zokulwa |
| Izimpukane zezimbali | Gnaw isitshalo ngaphansi komhlaba. Amacembe aqala ukubuna, imbali ayikhuli. | Ukucubungula ngamalungiselelo akhethekile: Tabazol, Aktara. |
| Ama-Thrips | Suck ujusi wesitshalo. Izimpungushe ziphenduka ziphuzi, izimbali ziyawa. | Fafaza ngama-insecticides lapho unganaki futhi usakaza imithombo ye-aphid: i-Accord, i-Akarin. |
| Phawula u-anyanisi | Bondla u-anyanisi kwisitoreji. Ziyaqina futhi zibolile, zinganikeli izimpande. | Hlikihla ama-bullies ngokuntywilisela emanzini ashisayo. |
| Isiqu sesode | I-bulb iba ithambile, izimbali ezithintekile azikhuli futhi zife. | Ngaphambi kokutshala ama-hyacinths, uthele i-Fitoverm enhlabathini. |
| Okuhlukahlukene. | Amabhuleki ayaphela, amabala amnyama avele emaqabungeni, angaphenduka aphuzi, aphelelwe amandla. Imigqa emide ye-longitudinal izimbali. Isitshalo siyayeka ukukhula. | Ukubhubhisa izitshalo ezithintekile. |
| Ukubola okuphuzi | Imivimbo emnyama nphuzi iyavela emaqabungeni, emva kwalokho iba mnyama bese iyafa. Isitshalo siqala ukuhogela okungathandeki. | Omisa ama-bulbs kahle ngaphambi kokutshala nokugcina endaweni enomoya. Ukucekela phansi izitshalo ezinesifo, kungcono ukushisa. |
| I-Penicillin bola | Isitshalo sonke simbozwe ngezinhlamvu eziluhlaza ukhunta. Kancane kancane ukubola. | Bheka imodi yokupholisa ngaphambi kokugibela. Fafaza imbali ngesixazululo esiqukethe ithusi. |
| Ukubola okumpunga | Amabala aphuzi avela emacembe, aphenduke ansundu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izingxenye ezithintekile zembali zimbozwe ngengubo empunga. | Ukubulala amagciwane noma ukuguqulwa kwenhlabathi. Futha ngeTopazi. |
UMnu Dachnik uyancoma: Izinhlobo ezidumile zama-hyacinths zomgwaqo ophakathi nendawo
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kumzila ophakathi maphakathi sisukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo ezifanele, kuphela izinhlobo ezingatheni kakhulu futhi ezizinzile ezingathatha izimpande:
- I-Amethyst;
- Indlovukazi yama-Blues;
- Myozotis;
- Gertrude
- UYellou Hammer;
- Idolobha laseHaarlem.
