Ukusuka ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokwakha ezilungele ukwenziwa nokwakhiwa kwamasango, abathuthukisi ngabanye bavame ukukhetha ibhodi elinezitho eziningi. Kuthandwa kakhulu kule ndawo yokwakha ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, phakathi kwalapho amandla, ukuqina, ukuhlobisa, futhi, intengo engabizi ingabonakala. I-Decking yenziwa efekthri kusuka eshidini lensimbi ngendlela ye-kola ebandayo. Kusetshenziswa ungqimba oluvikelayo lwe-galvanizing ezinhlangothini zombili zamaphrofayili wensimbi ukuvikela insimbi ekuonakalisweni nasekuhlulekeni kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukuvikela okwengeziwe nokuthuthukisa izimfanelo zokuhlobisa zebhodi elonakalisiwe, zihlanganiswe ngesendlalelo se-polymer, umbala wazo ungahluka kakhulu. Ukuze wenze amasango kusuka ebhodini elonakalisiwe ngezandla zakho, udinga nje ukuthola izinsuku ezimbalwa zamahhala nezandla ezimbalwa ezikhululekile. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukwakha ndawonye kuhlale kumnandi futhi kushesha. Kuliqiniso, ngaphezu kwezandla, udinga ukubeka phezulu kumshini wokufaka izinsimbi kanye nesethi encane yamathuluzi.
Yini imiklamo futhi yini ishidi lobuchwepheshe elifanele?
Kungani ibhodi egcwele okonakele? Ngoba kunikeza:
- Ukuqina kwezokwakha. Amasango okwenze ngokwakho angakumela ikota yeminyaka eyikhulu, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokunakekelwa okukhethekile nokulungiswa.
- Isisindo esikhanyayo izinto zokwakha ezisetshenzisiwe, ezisiza ukufakwa, kanye nokulethwa kwayo yonke into edingekayo entweni.
- Amandla wokukhetha ukwakheka nemibalangokuya ngokuncamelayo komnikazi wobunini bendlu. Amasango, ahlanganiswe uthango, ophahleni nezinye izinto zokuhlobisa zezakhiwo ezikule ndawo, azohlobisa noma iyiphi insimu.
- Ilondolozwa ngopende, Ngemuva kwakho konke, amasango aqhamuka ebhodini elinezidakamizwa awapheli ngaphansi kwethonya lokukhanya kwelanga futhi awapheli ngaphansi kwethonya lemvula. Lapho uthenga, naka umkhiqizi, ngoba inkohliso kungenzeka ingabi nazimpawu ezinjalo.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto - empeleni lokhu kuyintengo ephansi uma uyiqhathanisa nezinye izinto zokwakha futhi unaka izici zabo.
Ngakho-ke, kunezinhlobo eziningana zemiklamo yamasango, phakathi kwazo ongakhetha kuzo ezimbili zivame kakhulu: ukuswayipha nokuyenga.
Ukuzikhipha amasango kusuka kuphrofayela yensimbi kunzima kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukumema abakhi abangochwepheshe ukuqedela lo msebenzi
Kulula ukuhlanganisa amasango ajika ngokuzimela, ahlanganisa ama-halves amabili afanayo, elinye nelinye livula indlela yalo. Vele, ungenza i-sash eyodwa enkulu, ujike kwicala elilodwa. Kodwa-ke, ngale nketho, umthwalo omkhulu ku-loops lapho yonke le "colossus" ifakwe khona uyaphonswa. Ngakho-ke, abathuthukisi abaningi bakhetha ukwakheka kwesango lokuphonsa kabili kwamaphiko. Ukufika emkhakheni wemoto yabagibeli kanye nengxenye encane yamaloli, kwanele ukwakha isango ngamamitha amane ububanzi. Ukuphakama kohlaka olubunjiwe kungaba ngamamitha ayi-2-2,5.
Kubalulekile! Uma kunendawo yamahhala, isango lingafakwa eceleni kwesango. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isango (umnyango) lishayeka ngqo kwelinye lamaphiko.
Ukulungiselela umgodi nokufakwa kwezikhala zesango
Okuthunyelwe okusekelwa kwesango kungakhiwa ngezinto zokwakha ezilandelayo:
- ugongolo lokhuni, ingxenye yesiphambano yalo engu-150 kuya ku-150 mm;
- irekhodi eliqinile eliyindilinga, ububanzi bawo bungama-20 cm okungenani;
- ugongolo lwesiteshi, ukushuba kwalo kungu-14-16 mm;
- ipayipi lephrofayili (80x100 mm), nobubanzi bodonga okungu-7 mm.
Ngemuva kokumaka isiza, baqala ukumba izimbobo zokufaka okuthunyelwe kwamasango, besebenzisa ifosholo elijwayelekile noma indawo yokumba engadini kulokhu
Njengoba sebethathe isinqumo ngezinto ezibonakalayo zezinsika, baqala ukumba izimbobo, ukujula kwako okulingana nengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zokuphakama kwengxenye yaphezulu yezikhala zamasango. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi iqabunga lomnyango livame ukwenziwa isigamu semitha lifushane kunezinsika. Lesi sitoko sikuvumela ukuthi uqinisekise ukukhuphuka komphetho ophansi wesango kusuka ebusweni benhlabathi ngo-20-30 cm, futhi ushiye isentimitha eminingana phezulu ukuze kufakwe izinto zokuhlobisa ezihlobisa sonke isakhiwo.
Ukuqina kwesango kuncike emandleni ezinsika, ngakho-ke insimbi iyakhethelwa ukwenziwa kwabo. Ukufaka ipayipi lephrofayili noma ugongolo lwesiteshi, umgodi ushayelwa kumamitha ayi-1,2 ukujula futhi ungamasentimitha angama-20-50. Izingongolo zensimbi ezilungiselelwe zidonswa emgodini, zidonswe endaweni emile ngokuqinile futhi zithulule ngodaka nosimende. Ukulungiswa kwezinsika kuqukethe ukuhlanza ingaphezulu labo kusuka ekugqwala, ekuthengeni nasekupendweni okwalandelayo, kanye nasekufakeni ama-plugs aphezulu ukuvimba ingress yeqhwa namanzi emvula.
Izinsika zokunamathisela amaqabunga esango zifakwe endaweni eqondile mpo, zilandelwe ngokuzilungisa ngodaka nosimende
I-athikili ehlobene: Ukufaka ukufakwa kocingo: izindlela zokukhwela zezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene
Ukukhethwa kweshidi lephrofayili ngombala wezinhlaka zomnyango
Amashidi wephrofayela ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu, ahlukile komunye nomunye ngobukhulu, ukuphakama kwembambo, nezinga lamandla. Iqembu ngalinye linomaka walo:
- "C" - Udonga olubhalwe ngefreyimu eyenziwe ngephepha elibunjiwe ngobukhulu obuncane, olunokuphakama okuncane kwezimbambo. Izinto ezingasindi futhi ngasikhathi sinye okuqinile, okuvame ukukhethelwa ukuhlangana kwamasango.
- "NS" - ishidi elinamaphrofayili, lihlukile kunolwazi lomkhiqizo owedlule ngokuphakama kwamaza okuphezulu nobukhulu obukhulu. Lokhu kuthinta isisindo sabo kanye nezinga lamandla.
- "N" - "iphepha lokuphatha" elisetshenzisiwe ekwakhiweni kwama-iron hangars kanye nasekufakweni kophahla lwendawo enkulu. Amashidi wephrofayili esindayo yalolu hlobo brand anezinga eliphakeme lamandla. Kuyabiza futhi akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa kubo ukulengisa uhlaka lwesango.
Kuhle ukwakha isango kusuka eshidi lohlobo lomkhiqizo C8 no-C10 (izinombolo zikhombisa ukuphakama kwamaza ngamamilimitha). Ukuqina kweshidi lephrofayela kuyahlukahluka phakathi kuka-0,4 no-0.8 mm. Ukukhanya okuvela kulokhu kunesisindo kusuka ku-25 kuye ku-40 kg, ngakho izisebenzi ezimbili zikwazi ukubhekana nokufakwa kwazo. Asikho isidingo sokuheha imishini yokuphakamisa, ezokonga kumanani wesango.
Kubalulekile! Ukusika ishidi lephrofayili obukhulu obudingekayo kuyalelwa kahle efektri (uma kungenzeka). Kusetshenziswa imishini ekhethekile etholakala efektri, kungenzeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukunemba kokusika, ukunemba komugqa wokusika, futhi futhi nokunciphisa inani lomonakalo ongaba khona.
Ukuzakhela ngozimele
Uhlaka lokwakhiwa kweqabunga lesango lungenziwa ngemishayo yokhuni noma ngepayipi eligciniwe lesigaba esingunxande (40x20 mm), izindonga zazo ezinobukhulu obulingana no-2 mm. Uma okuthunyelwe kuyinsimbi, uzimele kufanele wenziwe ngento efanayo. Uhlaka lwesango lubuthelwe endaweni yesiteji equkethe okungenani iqabunga elilodwa. Ukwenza amakhona aqonde, sebenzisa amathuluzi wokulinganisa anembile (izikwele). Ungasebenzisa idivaysi eyenziwe ekhaya eyenziwe eyenziwe ngentambo ngokunxantathu kwesokudla ezinhlangothini eziyi-3.4 no-5 dm. Uhlaka ngesimo sikakhonkolo lufudunyezwa kusuka kuphrofayili lusebenzisa i-welding inverter, kuyilapho amakhona aqiniswa ngokwengeziwe ngamakhona wensimbi, enikeza isakhiwo ukuqina okukhulu. Izinhlangothi ezinde zohlaka zihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu futhi amabhuloho ahambisanayo ahanjiswa kumaphoyinti amakiwe, aqinisa ukuhlangana ngamakhonkolo ensimbi. Kulezi zindawo, izingxibongo zesango zibunjiwe.
Isikimu sokwenza ifreyimu yamasango kusuka kwipayipi elinephrofayili elinengxenye yesikwele noma yesikwele. Indlela yokulungisa amaqabunga esango elivaliwe
Kubalulekile! Uma uhlose ukwenza isango kwephiko, khona-ke ifreyimu yenziwa ngokuhlukile. Kwelinye lamaphiko usebenzisa ama-longitudinal and transverse jumpers welded to a rectangular frame, dala ifreyimu yesango elinganisa amasentimitha angama-80 ngo-180. Kulesi simo, indawo yezindawo ezinamathela kuyo idluliselwa emaphethelweni aphansi nangaphezulu esango.
Kumboza uhlaka lomnyango ngamashidi afakwe emgodini
Baqala ukumboza uhlaka ngephepha lephrofayela khona lapho endaweni yomhlangano wohlaka. Ukulungisa ishidi elinamaphrofayili, kusetshenziswa izifakelo ezikhethekile - izikulufa ezinekhanda le-hexagonal, ezidwetshwe ngombala ofanayo nowendwangu eyinhloko. Amashidi anobuso obukhulu be-wavy aboshwe emahambeni esango noma e-welded. Ubude bamahinji esivalo esangweni kumele okungenani bube yimitha eyodwa, futhi ubukhulu bawo - okungenani 3 mm. Lapho uhlanganisa ama-washes aqoqiwe, ungasebenzisa i-winch encane, eboshelwe kufolishi ibekwe ngaphezulu kwemigwaqo yesango. Imigoqo ibekwe emhlabathini, lapho kufakwa khona iqabunga lesango ukuze kulungiswe iziphetho zezingalo ngokufaka insimbi kukholamu. Ungavikela imigoqo ngemigoqo yokuphepha. Imigoqo isuswa ngaphansi kwamaqabunga esango bese ubheka ukuthi avala kalula futhi avuleka kanjani.
Ishidi elinamaphrofayili liboshelwe kufreyimu yohlaka lwesango ngemidwebo ekhethekile enamakhanda angama-hexagonal apendwe ngombala wesilevisi main
Njengoba ubona, akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ekwakheni isango kusuka kwiphepha elinamaphrofayili. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukudweba, ukubala futhi uthole zonke izinto ezidingekayo, wenze umsebenzi wokufaka. Izinsuku ezimbalwa zomsebenzi kanye nesango lephrofayili yensimbi enhle kuzoba uphawu olukhulu ekhaya lakho.
