IGymnocalycium ingeyomndeni wakwaCactus. Kwi-vivo, ikhula eningizimu yeBrazil naseArgentina. Kunezinhlobo eziningi nezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali, kodwa zimbalwa kuphela zazo ezilungele ukukhula ekhaya. I-Cactus ithandwa hhayi kuphela ngokubukeka kwayo okukhangayo, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokungahloniphi kwayo ekunakekelweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyakwazi ukuqhakaza ngisho nesikhathi esingesihle.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
IGymnocalycium iyisitshalo sangemuva esinesiqu esiyindilinga nezimpande eziwugqinsi ezihamba shí emhlabathini. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zama-cactus, kepha zingu-15 kuphela zazo ezilungele ukukhula ekhaya.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ezilandelayo zithandwa kakhulu ngabatshali bezimbali:
- Gimnokalitsium Mikhanovich.
Lolu hlobo lungezinye zezinto ezivame kakhulu. I-cactus igqamile ngezimbali zayo ezinkulu ze-raspberry noma isaladi pink, ezakhiwe engxenyeni engenhla yesiqu.
- I-Brazil Mix.
Le cactus encanyana, efinyelela ubude obungabi ngaphezu kwama-15 cm, iwuhlobo lwehymnocalicium kaMikhanovich. Izimbali zalesi sitshalo zigcwele obomvu, ophuzi no-orange.
- I-Gymnocalycium balda, noma iBaldianum.
Le cactus eyindilinga enesiqu esiyi-grey green grey ayi-cm ayi-9. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, inezimbali eziningi zombala omhlophe, opinki noma obomvu.
- Fryrich Gymnocalycium.
I-Cacti yalolu hlobo ihlukaniswa iqiniso lokuthi ine-chlorophyll encane kunazo zonke. Izimbali abanazo zipendwe ngombala obomvu we-lilac noma onsundu.
- I-Gymnocalycium Japanese.
Lezi zitshalo ziwuhlobo lwe-hybrid lwe-Friedrich hymnocalicium futhi zitholwe ngokuwela i-cacti eguqukayo.
- I-Gymnocalycium saglionis, noma iSalon.
Lokhu kuhlukahluka kwabanye ngezimbali ezinde, eziqala entwasahlobo futhi ziyaqhubeka kuze kube maphakathi ekwindla. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuvela izimbali ezipinki, eziphuzi noma ezibomvu engxenyeni ephezulu ye-cactus.
- IGymnocalycium Salio.
Lolu hlobo lungelinye ngobukhulu, njengoba lukhula lube ngamasentimitha angama-30. Ama-salos ahlukaniswa isiqu esiyindilinga nemijiko emide egobile, ethathwa njengokuhlobisa.
Ukufakelwa
Ukutshala i-cactus, udinga ukuthenga ibhodwe elincane elenziwe ngeplastiki noma nge-ceramic. Kufanele ibe nezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Iziqukathi ezinkulu ze-hymnocalycium azilungile, ngoba lesi sitshalo kudingeka sizwe uhlelo lwezimpande odongeni lwembiza.
Inhlabathi ingalungiswa ngokuzimela ngokuhlanganisa izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- Izingxenye ezi-3 zomhlaba wamashidi nesihlabathi;
- Izingxenye ezi-2 zenhlabathi enosawoti kanye ne-peat;
- Ingxenye eyodwa yamalahle ahlanganisiwe.
Inhlabathi ye-hymnocalicium kumele ingathathi hlangothi noma i-alkaline kancane, ngoba inhlabathi ene-asidi cactus ayibekezeleli.
Ama-primers aselethwe wenziwe nge-cacti angathengwa esitolo sezimbali. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kubalulekile ukubeka ungqimba lwamanzi ngaphansi kwembiza futhi emva kwalokho ugcwalise inhlabathi.
Izimo zokuqukethwe: itafula lesizini
I-Gymnocalycium ingeyokulungiswa kwezitshalo ezingatheneki, kepha noma kunjalo udinga ukudala izimo ezincane ezihlukahluka ngokuya ngesikhathi sonyaka.
| Isikhathi | Imodi yokushisa | Isibani | Indawo yokuhlala |
| Intwasahlobo nehlobo | Ukushisa kwe-Optimum - + 20 ... 30 ° C | I-cactus idinga ukukhanya okuningi, kepha kumele ifiphazwe elangeni ukuvikela ukushiswa. | Kungcono ukuthatha imbiza uyiyise ethafeni noma kuvulandi ngezinsuku ezifudumele. |
| Ukuwa | Kungcono ukuthi i-thermometer ingehli ngaphansi kuka-20 + C | Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo asikwazi ukuba nomthunzi | Iwindi laseningizimu |
| Ubusika | Ukushisa egumbini lokushisa kufanele kube phakathi kuka + 9 ... 15 ° C. Amazinga okushisa aphansi ngalesi sikhathi ngu--8 ° C (awukwazi ukugcina i-cactus kulezo zimo isikhathi eside) | Ukukhanya okungezelelwe okwenziwe kufanele kunikezwe. | Hambisa i-cactus endaweni epholile neyomile (i-loggia efakiwe). Uma ngabe iqhwa linzima, khona-ke udinga ukuletha imbiza egumbini, kodwa uchithe izinto zokushisa |
Ukuswakama, i-hymnocalycium iyanqunyelwa ngokuphelele. Isitshalo sibekezelela umoya owomile kahle futhi asidingi ukufafazwa. Ekhaya, i-cactus kumele ivikeleke kokusalungiswa, okuthinta kabi ukukhula kwayo.
Ukunakekelwa
Ukunakekela i-hymnocalycium ezimweni zekamelo kuqukethe lezi zinqubo ezilandelayo:
- ukuthambisa okufanele;
- ukufakelwa ngesikhathi;
- isicelo somanyolo.
Ukuthena kudingeka kuphela ukubola ne-chlorophyll-cacti engenasici, okumele ifakwe emthonjeni onqenqemeni lomumo wezinye izihlabeleli.
Ukunisela nokondla
Ukunisela kufanele kube yindlala. Kuyadingeka ukumanzisa inhlabathi njengoba eyomile ingqimba yayo ingaphezulu. Ngo-ekwindla, imvamisa yokunisela kufanele yehliswe futhi. Ebusika, kwanele izikhathi ezi-1-2 zesikhathi sonke sokuthambisa inhlabathi.
Amanzi okunisela i-cactus kufanele ahlungeke futhi afudumele. Kuyalulekwa ukuthi u-acidite kancane ngejusi kalamula.
Kunconywa ukondla i-hymnocalicium kaningi ngaphezu kwenyanga. Njengomanyolo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ukuxubana nokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-nitrogen ye-cacti nama-anculents. Kulokhu, ukugcotshwa komanyolo kumele kube yingxenye yalokho kukhonjisiwe kwimiyalo. Ebusika nasekwindla, ukufaka umanyolo kusitshalo akudingeki.
Ukugoma
Inqubo yokuthena i-cactus ibizwa ngokuthi ukuxhunyelelwa. Ngesikhathi sayo, isihloko se-hymnocalycium esigulayo sinqunywa futhi sigonyelwe ukunambitheka okunempilo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ingxenye yesitshalo okufanele iklanywe ngokubizwa ibizwa ngokuthi yi-graft, kuthi ikhiyubhu esetshenziselwa ukuxhunyelelwa ibizwa ngokuthi isitoko.
Ngesikhathi senqubo uzodinga:
- Thatha ummese obukhali bese uwucwilisa.
- Yenza ukusikeka esitokweni naku-scion bese uyixhuma.
- Lungisa i-cactus kulesi sikhundla ngebhandeji.
- Khipha ngemuva kokuba izitshalo zikhule ndawonye (emva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-5-7).
Ukufakelwa
I-hymnocalicium ayidingi ukufakelwa njalo. Kunconywa izifaniso zabantu abadala ukuthi zidluliselwe komunye weminyaka emibili. Kuyalulekwa ukwenza inqubo entwasahlobo. Imbiza entsha kufanele ibe ngamasentimitha ayi-2 ubukhulu kunangaphambili.
Ukufakwa kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- I-cactus iyasuswa ebhodweni bese ihlanza inhlabathi yakudala.
- Isitshalo sihlanzwa emanzini ashisayo bese somiswa izinsuku ezimbili.
- I-hymnocalicium idluliselwa kwisitsha esisha esinoqwembe lwedonsa.
- Imbiza igcwaliswa yisicucwana se-cacti.
Ngemuva kokufakelwa, i-hymnocalicium ayituswa ukuba iniselwe isonto lonke.
Izindlela zokuzala
Imbali ingasakazwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- ngembewu;
- ukuhlelwa okwalandela.
Indlela yokuqala isetshenziswa kaningi. Izinhlobo ezingama-Chlorophyll-free zisakazwa ngokugoma. Kepha uma, phakathi kokuthena, isitshalo esinegciwane sifakelwa entweni ethile enempilo, khona-ke ukusakazeka kokubili is scion kanye nesitoko kufanele kube sesimweni esihle. Yonke inqubo yenziwa ngokufanayo ukuthungwa.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Okokuqala udinga ukulungiselela imbiza encane engaxutshwe ne-substrate emile kahle. Kunconywa ukuthi uqale unqande inhlabathi kuhhavini ukuyibulala amagciwane. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukugcwalisa inhlabathi ebhodweni olukhethiwe bese uluthambisa.
Ukuzala kabusha ngembewu kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Hlwanyela imbewu phezulu kwenhlabathi.
- Zimboze ngefilimu noma ngesikhwama sepulasitiki.
- Fafaza inhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile ebhodleleni lokufafaza noma unisele okutshalekile ngesithungu.
Ekamelweni kuyadingeka ukudala izimo ezivumayo zokuhluma kwembewu, okungukuthi, ukugcina izinga lokushisa lingakapheli + 18 ... 20 ° C nokunikeza okutshalekile ngokukhanya okwanele. Izithombo ezikhule kusuka ezinhlanyelweni zikhula ngokushesha, futhi ngemuva konyaka kufanele zidluliselwe emabhodweni.
Usebenzisa Izendlalelo Side
Izinqubo ezilandelwayo
Izendlalelo eziseceleni zibizwa ngokuthi izingane. Kumele ziklebhulwe ekhosombeni likamama ngokuguquka kancane. Izingane zihlukana kalula, ngoba cishe azinalo uhlelo lwazo lwezimpande. Kwesinye isikhathi kunezimpande ezingxenyeni, ezihlanganiswe nesigqi esikhulu, kanti kulokhu, izimpande zezingane kufanele zembiwe ngokucophelela. Ngemuva kwalokho basebenza ngokohlelo olulandelayo:
- Misa izinqubo ezihlukaniswe izinsuku ezimbili.
- Gcwalisa amabhodwe nge-substrate bese umswakama.
- Faka izingane ezitsheni ezilungiselelwe.
Amahlumela asuka ngokushesha ngokwanele. Udinga ukuzinakekela ngendlela efanayo ne-hymnocalycium yabantu abadala.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo
Izinkinga ekukhuleni kwe-hymnalicium ezimweni zamakamelo kuvela lapho isitshalo sinakekelwa ngokungafanele. Ngokuvamile, abatshali bezimbali babhekana nalezi zinkinga ezilandelayo:
| Inkinga | Izimbangela zokwenzeka | Izindlela zokulungisa lesi simo |
| Ukwanda kwehla |
| Dlulisa i-cactus enhlabathini we-alkali omncane futhi uyinisele kuphela ngamanzi angcolile ekushiseni kwegumbi |
| Ukuntuleka kokuqhakaza | Izimo zobusika ezingafanele | Ukuze i-hymnocalycium iqhume ngonyaka olandelayo, kubalulekile ukuyihambisa egumbini elipholile nelomile ebusika |
| Ukulahla ama-buds |
| I-cactus idinga ukuvikeleka kokubhalwe phansi futhi inikeze ukukhanya okwengeziwe. |
| Ukuvela kwamabala ezansi kwesiqu sesiqu | Ukunisela ngokweqile | Nisela i-cactus kuphela lapho ingaphezulu yomile |
Uma isisekelo se-cactus simnyama, kepha sihlala somile futhi silukhuni nokuthinta, khona-ke lesi simo sibonisa ukuqala kwenqubo yokusampula. Kulokhu, akukho zinyathelo ezikhethekile okufanele zithathwe.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Njengomthetho, izinambuzane zihlala emhlabathini noma ziqhubekele ku-cactus ezivela kwezinye izitshalo zasendlini. Ngokuvamile, izinambuzane ezilandelayo zihlasela i-hymnocalicium:
| Inambuzane | Izimpawu zokutheleleka | Ungayilungisa kanjani inkinga | Ukuboniswa kwesithombe esibonelweni se-cacti |
| Iphakethe elibomvu le-Flat | Ukuvela kwezindawo zokugcwala ezomile ezimbalwa | Uma indlu ingekho ngaphezulu kwe-2 cacti, khona-ke isitshalo ngasinye esithintekile sidinga ukugezwa ngamanzi ashisayo kanye nogwayi lukotini oswakanyiswe ngotshwala be-ethyl. Uma iqoqo lama-hymnocalyciums likhulu, khona-ke abagulayo kufanele belashwe ngama-acaricides (Actellik, Fitoverm) |  |
| I-Mealybug |
| Susa i-hymnocalycium ebhodweni bese uyibamba imizuzu eyi-15 ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo. Uma i-plaque emhlophe yakhiwa ezihlahleni, khona-ke udinga ukugeza isitshalo sonke, hhayi uhlelo lwezimpande kuphela. Umageza okushisayo kungasizi, khona-ke i- cactus kufanele ifafazwe isonto ngalinye ngesinambuzane (i-Aktara) |  |
| Isihlangu | Ukwakheka kwama-tubercles amancane ansundu | Susa isikhafu ngendwangu emanzi. Lapho-ke kuyelulekwa ukwelapha i-cactus ngokulungiselela okubulala izinambuzane |  |
Ngokuqondene nezifo, imvamisa i-hymnocalycium ihlushwa ukubola kohlelo lwezimpande, olwenzeka ngokunisela ngokweqile. Izimpawu zalesi sifo ukukhula okumangalisa nokuntuleka kwezimbali. Inkinga ixazululwa kanjena:
- Izimpande ezilimele zenzelwe ithuluzi elinyumba (ummese, isiyence).
- Uhlelo lwezimpande lugezwa ngamanzi ashisayo.
- Izimpande zicutshungulwa ngamalahle noma umlotha ochotshoziwe.
- I-gymnocalycium isomile bese idluliselwa ebhodweni eligcwele isitho esingaphansi esiswakeme.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-hymnocalycium izothokozisa i-florist ngokuqhakaza kwayo futhi ibe ngumhlobiso omuhle kakhulu kunoma yikuphi okungaphakathi. Ukukhulisa isitshalo akudingi amakhono akhethekile futhi nesiqalo singabhekana nalokhu kalula.
